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主谓一致和复数名词时谓语单复数

主谓一致和复数名词时谓语单复数
主谓一致和复数名词时谓语单复数

主谓一致:在英语句中,谓语受主语动支配,必须同主语在人称和数上保持一致。*名词+as well as/no less than/but/except/with/like +其他名词,作主语时,谓语与前面的第一个名词一致.

*few/a few/both/many/several+名词复数/of+名词复数+复数

*不定代词/疑问代词

(something/anything/anywhere/somewhere/where/when)+单数

语法一致原则:句子谓语动词的数取决于该句子主语的数。

1。“the+姓氏名词的复数形式”(---的成员)+复数2。

all/some/half/enough/two thirds +名词(单/复数)+单/复数 3.复数形式的名词:clothes/trousers/shorts(短裤)/glasses/scissors/gloves/chopsticks 等+复数

*计量单位(pair)+复数形式的名词+谓语取决于计量单位

意义一致原则:谓语动词的单、复数形式,取决于主语所表达的概念。

1.集体名词:people/public(公共)/police/crew(船员)+复数2。复数形式,单数意义。(news/physics/maths/politics) 3.集合名词:

class/family/team/Chinese/Japanese强调总体--单数;强调个体--复数。The class has 45 students. The class are planting trees on

the hill.

4.时间、距离、价格、重量的复数名词/算式+单数Ten days is a long time.

5.the +形容词“表一类人”+复数; The rich have much money.

6.and/both--- and + 复数7。one of/each of/none of/either

of/neither of +名词+单数8.a number(许多) +n +复数;the number (---的数量)+n +单数

9。名词+and+名词“表同一人/物用单数”“表不同人/物用复数”

The writer and the speaker are from the USA. The writer and speaker is from the USA.

就近一致原则:谓语动词的数要与它紧邻的名词/代词的数保持一致。

1.or/not--- but/either--- or---/neither--- nor---/not only--- but also--- +就近原则

2.There be+并列主语

(一)主谓一致的种类

1.语法形式上的一致

主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式。如:

The number of the students present is 200.

Jane and Mary look alike.

2.意义上一致

1)主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。如:The crowd were shouting.

单数形式代表复数内容的词有:people, police, cattle等。

2)主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数。如:The news was so surprising.

形复意单的单词有news和一些以ics结尾的学科名称,如physics,politics, economics等。

3.就近原则

即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。如用连词or,either…or, neither…not, not only…but also等连接的并列主语,如果一个是单数,一个是复数,谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。如:

Either your students or Mr. Wang knows this.

(二)主谓一致的应用

1.名词作主语

1)某些集体名词,如family, team等作主语时,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式,如果就其中一个个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式。如:

His family is a happy one.

The whole family are watching TV.

这类名词有:audience,class,club,company,crew,enemy,crowd,government,group,party,public,team等。

名词population一词的使用情况类似。“a group(crowd) of +复数名词”等短语之后的谓语动词也同样可用单数或复数,前者强调整体,后者强调各个部分。

2)某些集体名词,如people, police, cattle等,只当复数看待,谓语动词必须用复数。如:

The police are searching for the thief.

3)单、复数同形的名词主语时,谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。如:

A sheep is over there.

Some sheep are over there.

4)名词所有格之后的名词被省略,这种情况一般只指商店、工厂、住宅等,作主语时,动词一般用单数。如:

The doctor’s is across the street.

My uncle’s is not far from here.

常见的省略名词有:the baker’s, the barber’s, the carpenter’s, the Zhang’s等。

表示店铺的名词,一般作集体名词看待,但用作主语时,谓语动词往往用复数。如:

Richardson’s have a lot of goods to sell.

5)当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时,往往可以根据意义一致的原则,把这些复数名词看作一个整体,谓语用单数形式。如:

Three years has passed since then.

6)不定代词each, every, no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时,谓语动词仍用单数形式。如:

Each boy and each girl wants to go to the cinema.

7)如果主语有more than one…或many a…构成,尽管从意义上看是复数内容,但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式。如:

More than one student has read the book.

Many a girl has been there.

但是,“more +复数名词+than one”结构之后,谓语动词一般多用复数形式。如:

More members than one are against your plan.

8)一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式,例如:glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissors 等。但如果主语用“a kind of, a pair of , a series of等加名词”构成时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。如:

A pair of shoes was on the desk.

9)this kind of book =a book of this kind(这种书),其谓语动词用单数;短语this kind of men =men of this kind =these kind of men(口语)(这一类人),但this kind of men的谓语动词用单数,men of this kind和these kind of men的谓语动词用复数,all kinds of后跟复数名词,谓语动词用复数形式。如:

This kind of men is dangerous.

Men of this kind are dangerous.

10)复数形式的单、复数同形名词作主语时,按意义一致原则,作用单数意义时,谓语用单数,反之,谓语用复数。这类名词有:means(方法),works(工厂),species(种类),Chinese,Japanese等。如:

The (This) glass works was set up in 1980. (这家玻璃厂建于1980年。)

The(These)glass works are near the railway station. (这些玻璃厂在火车站附近。)

当它们前面有a, such a , this, that修饰时,谓语用单数;有all, such, these, those修饰时,谓语用复数,但means, no means, the means等词前没有以上修饰词时,可用作单数,也可用作复数。

11)如果名词词组中心词是all,most, half, rest等词语,所指的复数意义,谓语动词用复数形式;反之,用单数。如:

All of my classmates like music.

All of the water is gone.

12)在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如:

Between the two windows hangs a picture.

2.由连接词连接的名词作主语

1)用and或both…and连接并列主语,谓语动词通常用复数形式。如:Plastics and rubber never rot.

Walking and riding are good exercises.

但是,并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数形式,这时and后面的名词没有冠词。如:

Truth and honesty is the best policy.

The girl’s teacher and friend is a young doctor.

To love and to be loved is great happiness.

Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.

A knife and fork is on the table.

2)当主语后面跟有as well as, as much as, no less than, along with, with, like, rather than, together with, but, except, besides, including, in addition to等引导的词组时,其谓语动词的单、复数而定。如:

The teacher as well as the students was reading in the library.

3)以or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also等连接的名词(代词)作主语时,谓语动词的单复数应根据就近一致的原则。如:

Tom or his brothers are waiting in the room.

Either you or he is to go.

3.代词作主语

1)名词性物主代词作主语时,既可以用作单数,也可以用作复数,这取决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。如:

Ours (Our Party) is a great party.

Your shoes are black, and mine(=my shoes) are brown.

2)such, the same起指示代词作用时,应根据其所指的内容来决定单、复数。如:

Such is our plan. Such are his words.

3)关系代词who, that, which等在定语从句中作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如:

Those who want to go please put up your hands.

Some of the energy that is used by man comes from the sun.

4)疑问代词who, what, which作主语时,谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达的意思决定单、复数。如:

Who lives next door ? It is Xiao Liu.

Who live next door ? It is Zhang and Liu.

What produce(s) heat ?

5)不定代词any, either, neither, none, all some, more等作主语时,有以下两种情况:

单独作主语时,视其在文中的意义,动词用单数或复数形式,例如:

Now all has been changed. All are present.

either, neither单独作主语时,谓语通常用单数。

但后接of时,若of的宾语为不可数名词,动词当然用单数形式,若of的宾语为复数名词或代词时,动词可以是单数,也可以是复数,在正式文体中,单数形式的动词更常用。如:

Do(es) any of you know his address ?

None of them has(have)seen the film.

4.分数、量词作主语

1)“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语以及由“a lot of, lots of plenty of, a large quantity of, a heap of, heaps of, half of +名词”构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致,这是因为短语中后面的名词是中心词,而短语中前面的量词是修饰语,例如:

Lots of damage was caused by fire.

About three-fourths of the earth’s surface is covered with water. Three-fifths of the workers here are women.

和这种情况类似的还有“a number of+名词复数”,但是,“the number of +名词”的中心词却是number, 试比较:

A number of students have gone home.

The number of pages in this book is two hundred. 注意:(large)quantities of

修饰可数或不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数,例如:

Quantities of food(nuts) were on the table.

短语in quantity, in large quantities意为“大量”;in small quantities意为“少量”。

2)a great deal of , a large amount of修饰不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数;large amounts of修饰不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数,例如:

A large amount of(A great deal of)damage was done in a very short time. Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.

3)表示数量的one and a half后,名词要用复数形式,但是其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,例如:

One and a half bananas is left on the table.

4)half of, (a) part of修饰可数名词单数及不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数,修饰可数名词复数时,谓语动词用复数。

5.名词化的形容词作主语

如果主语由“the+形容词(或过去分词)”结构担任时,谓语通常用复数,这类词有:the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead, the deaf and dumb, the oppressed, the injured, the wounded, the unemployed 等;但也有少数的过去分词与定冠词连用时指个别,则用单数。如:

The blind study in special schools.

The departed was a well-known engineer.

这类形容词或分词如果要表示个体时,就要与名词man, person或表示人的单数连和,如:an old man, a rich person, the(a)wounded soldier

6.从句作主语

1)由what引导的主语从句,谓语动词通常用单数,但所指的具体内容是复数意义时,谓语动词一般用复数形式,例如:

What we need is more time.

What we need are doctors.

2)在“one of+复数名词++who/that/which”引导的从句结构中,关系代词

who/that/which的先行词是靠近它的复数名词而不是one,因此,从句中的动词应该是复数形式。如:

This is one of the most interesting stories that have been told.

但是当one之前有the only等修饰语时,关系代词的先行词是one,而不是靠近它的复数名词,因此从句的动词应是单数形式。如:

She was the only one of the girls who was late.

单复数变化规则

名词的单复数变化规律 一,可数名词不规则的单数变复数 1,完全不变 A: sheep, fish , people, Chinese, Swiss,deer, Japanese 请注意单复数相同的计数单位 dozen 一打,十二个,score 二十,这两个词后面不接of结构。 比如:24个鸡蛋2 dozen(=24) eggs 80个学生4 score(=80) students B:head 头这个词也不用复数形式 比如:5头猪 5 pigs或5 head of pigs,这个head不能加s 2, 名词末尾加en ox→oxen children men women 3,词中间变化 brother→brothers brother →brethren(这个也是对的) 如果还有别的变化,通常都属于外来词汇。 4,以O结尾的 A:辅音+ O:加es [z] : hero→heroes tomato→tomatoes 注意:有些以辅音O 结尾的名词,也是直接加S。 B:元音+ O:加s [z] photo,bamboo,piano,solo直接加s 注意:以Y和O结尾的都发[Z] zoo,radio 5, 以th结尾的名词,直接加S,但是读音则看音标 如th在长元音后面,发音:咬舌z加不咬舌z, Path th就要发咬舌z,不能发成咬舌z。后面一个s发不咬舌的z(一定是在长元音后) 如th在短元音后面,发音:咬舌s加不咬舌s. mouth th就要发咬舌s,后面一个s发不咬舌的s 注意:二者在发音时不同的地方 二,不可数名词单数变复数

1,物质名词和抽象名词通常没有复数形式,其中物质名词可以借助量词来表示: 如果是可以做可数名词的抽象名词,那么就有复数形式。 比如:water→waters 水域 There are 5 waters 而抽象名词有时候也可以借助量词来达到可数的作用 2,集体名词的复数: 基本上,如果集体名词表示整体,那么没有复数形式。 e.g This is a great family. 如果集体名词表示许多个体,那么有复数形式: e.g There are 50 families. 注意,有些集体名词在变成复数的时候,意思会发生变化。 还要注意:有些时候,就算集体名词表示整体,也用复数——表示多个整体。 通常见到的集体名词:class,group ,company, club,army,enemy. 三个最常见的“只用复数动词”的集体名词:people,cattle,police. e.g The police are on the way to the park. 3, 专有名词的复数: 通常不变,但要注意:人名和地名(尤其是山,谓语动词要用单数形式)有时会出现复数的情况。例如:There is 4 Emei mountains in China.(要用is,不用are.)因为山一般不会有同名,特别是名胜古迹,都是独一无二的。而人名和地名常有同名。 There are 5 Jhons in my team. 如果是人名,则表示很多个相同姓氏的人。后面的动词用复数。 4,复合名词的数: passer-by→passers-by 过路人 looker-on→ lookers-on旁观者(复数加在前一个词上) man writer→ men writers man doctor→ men doctors woman cook→ women cooks 如果以man woman开头的复合名词,变复数时两个词都要变成复数 非实意名词单复数的使用相对比较灵活,现在多倾向于用复数 比如: opportunities Look forward to more opportunities of cooperation. 显得你对合作非常期待,而且欢迎各种合作 如果表示没有什么机会了,就说 less opportunity 而不说 few opportunity ——可见,单复数形式的选用与语义语境有很大关系 类似的还有:potential, possibility, attitude 等等

主谓一致之单复数

处理主谓一致一般有以下三条原则: 1、语法一致,即在语法形式上取得一致,例如主语为单数形式,谓语也用单数形式,主语用复数形式,谓语也用复数形式。 The number of mistakes was surprising. Li Ping and her twin sister naturally look a lot alike. 2、意义一致,即从意义上着眼处理一致关系。例如,主语形式虽为单数但意义为复数,谓语动词也采取复数形式。 The crowed were fighting for their lives. 或者主语形式虽为复数但意义上视为单数,谓语动词也用单数形式。 Three years in a strange land seems like a long time. 3、就近原则,即谓语动词的单复数取决于最靠近它的主语。 There is a teacher and some students in our classroom. 1)当主语为表示度量、时间、金钱、距离等复数名词,一般根据意义一致的原则,把这些复数名词看作一个整体,谓语动词采取单数。 Ten dollars is not enough. Three months is a long time. 2)有些以-s结尾的n(如news, mathematics, physics, politics)因在意义为单数,所以谓语采用单数形式。 The news is exciting. Physics is one of the most difficult subjects for me. 3)如果主语是一个表示抽象概念的不定式,动名词或名词性从句,谓动都采用单数形式。 To say sth is one thing and to do is another. Whether he comes or not doesn’t matter. Reading English magazines and novels is helpful to our English study. 4)如果主语为单数,尽管后面跟with, together with, as well as, no less than, like, but, except等引导的短语谓动仍用单数形式。 The teacher, as well as some Ss is coming. Nobody but Tom and Marry was in the classroom just now. 5)由some, any, no, every构成的复合代词,都作单数看待,因此谓动都采取单数形式。 Is everyone here? There is nothing but a card in the box. 6)如果主语由each(either, neither)+of+n复数或代词结构担任时,谓动采用单数 Has either of them told you? Each of the Ss in our class likes reading. 7)如果主语由“many a/ more than one +单数”构成,尽管从意义上看是复数,谓动仍采用单数。 Many a student is on the playground. More than one of us has been to Beijing. 8)在“each …… and each” “`every ……and every” “No …… and no”连接两个或两个以上的单数n等结构之后,谓语动词通常采用单数形式

名词单数变复数专项练习

单数变复数专项练习 一、变化规则 1、一般情况下直接在词尾加s 例:book---books apple---apples orange---_________ tiger---_________ girl---__________ banana---_________ lemon---__________ pencil---_______ 2、以s,x,sh,ch结尾的单词,加es 例:bus---buses box---boxes fish---fishes beach---beaches class--- fox--- beach--- watch--- 3、以f或fe结尾的单词,把f或fe变成v加es 例:leaf---leaves knife--- (刀) wife--- (妻子) 4、以辅音字母加y结尾的单词,把y变i加es 例:fly---flies butterfly---_______ library---_______ baby---_____ puppy---______ 二、选择单词的适当形式填空,写在横线上。 1. It’s so hot. I want to eat an ________. Do you like ______?( ice-cream) 2.There are many_________(animal) in the zoo.I like .( giraffe) 3. ---Can I help you? ---Three _______ (doll),please. 4. I like____________( strawberry, strawberries) because they are sweet and juicy. 5. I don’t like _______(fly) because they are ugly and dirty(脏的). 6. Look at the_______(baby). They are so cute. 7. I like ________(water) because we drink water everyday. 8. These _________(boy) like _________.( monkey) 9.Brush your________(tooth),Kitty. It’s time for bed. 三、有些单词就像孙悟空一样会变身,你知道他们是怎么变得吗?现在看看这些变身后的单词,你能把他变身以前的样子写出来吗? lions---_______ strawberries---________ roses---_________teeth---_______ dragonflies--- pears---_________ 四、写出下列名词的复数形式 1、orange 2、class 3、text

动词复数的变化规则

1 名词变复数 一.名词变复数规则变化及发音: 1、绝大多数的可数名词在词尾加上s ; eg:book→books;desk→desks;pen→pens;car →cars s遇t读浊辅音[ts],遇d读清辅音[dz] eg:friend→friends; cat→cats; 2.、以s、x、ch、sh结尾的单词,在该词末尾加上-es;读音规则:读[iz]; eg:bus→buses; box →boxes; watch→watchches; dish→dishes 3、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,要把y变为i,再加-es;读音规则:读[z]。 eg:fly→flies; baby →babies; 元音字母加y结尾的单词直接加s;eg:toy→toys;boy→boys; 4、以-f或-fe结尾的名词,要将-f或-fe变为-v,再加es;读音规则:读[vz]; eg:knife→knives;leaf→leaves; 5、以-o结尾的名词,初级阶段只有三个单词要加-es,其余都加-s;读音规则:读[z]。eg:tomato→tomatoes西红柿; potato→potatoes土豆; hero→heroes 英雄; Negro—Negroes 口诀:“黑人英雄喜欢吃土豆和西红柿”其余eg:zoo→zoos; hippo→hippos;二.名词变复数不规则变化: 1.单词内部发生变化:口诀―oo常常变ee,男人女人a变e‖ eg:foot→feet脚;tooth→teeth牙齿;man→men男人;woman→women女人; 2.单复数相同:―羊鱼小鹿无变化,单数复数是一家‖ eg:sheep→sheep绵羊;fish→fish鱼;deer →deer鹿; 3.不规则变化:child→children孩子;mouse→mice老鼠;German→Germans德国人; ⒈不可数名词概念:不可以数的名词叫做不可数名词。包括物质名词(表示无法分为个体的物质)和抽象名词(表示抽象概念的词)。 ⒉不可数名词特点: ⑴不可数名词没有复数形式,也不能与a, an及数词连用,常作单数看待。例: water There’s some water in the bottle. food My favorite food is noodles. ⑵不可数名词如表数量,常和a bottle of, a glass of等名词词组连用。如表示复数,只把量词改为复数。 例:a bottle of pop一瓶汽水 , two glasses of orange juice 两杯桔子汁, three cups of tea 三杯茶,a piece of paper一张纸 ⑶有些物质名词有时可数,有时不可数,要根据上下文决定,其意义也有所不同。 A glass is made of glass.玻璃杯是玻璃制成的。(玻璃杯可数,玻璃不可数。) I bought a melon yesterday. I want to eat some melon. 四.特殊名词的讲解: ⑴people 作“人们,人民”解时,只有复数形式,谓语动词作复数。作“民族”解时,单复数不同,复数要在词尾加s。 There are five people in my family. 我家有五口人。 There are fifty-six peoples in our country.我们国家有56个民族。 ⑵clothes,pyjamas(睡衣;宽长裤)等属于无单数形式的复数名词,谓语作复数。例:My favorite clothes are pants. These pyjamas are too small. ⑶ pants , shoes , glasses ,shorts,scissors等名词,由两部分构成,常以复数形式出现,谓语动词要用复数。要表示单数常用a pair of表示,此时如作主语,谓语要作单数看待。 例:Your pants are blue. This pair of pants is mine. ⑷集体名词看作整体时,谓语用单数; 指成员时,谓语用复数。 His family is a large family. His family like animals. 指整体指成员⑸有的名词单复数意思不同:

单复数变化

名词单复数专练 1.将下列名词单数变成复数 orange-- lorry-- fax-- dress-- photo-- boy-- watch-- mouse-- dish-- baby-- glass-- potato-- tooth-- fox-- wish-- woman-- sheep-- tomato-- shoe-- child-- 2.判断下列名词可数还是不可数,如果可数将其变成复数Water-- sheep-- robot-- teacher-- bread-- Sausage-- lizard-- milk-- dress-- board-- fish-- lemonade-- lemon-- rice-- meat-- woman-- lamp-- child-- tooth-- juice— 3.用a, an, some 填空 1. I’d like egg. 2. She is eating _____coconuts. 3. Would you like _____ apple? 4. I’d like _____ lemonade. 5. I want _____ burger. 4.用正确形式填空 1.I’ve got three _____(watch). 2.The_____ (child) are play badminton. 3.There is ____ (juice) on the table. 4.Do you like_____(onion)?

5.Where is the_____(box)? 动词ing形式/like&love用法专练 1.把下列动词变成ing形式 draw_____ swim_____ play____ ride_____ paint_____ kick_____ run______ throw______ fly______ sing_____ jump_____ take_____ catch_____ garden_____ get_____ read_____ wear______ cook_____ fish_____ hit_____ drive_____ clean______ do_____ sit______ 2.用单词的正确形式填空 She likes_____(run) in the park. They don’t like____ (eat) onions. Do you love_____(swim) in the sea? My puppy loves_____(drink) milk. Does he like _____(walk) in the sun? Suzy and Simon love____(take) photos. 3.用动词ing进行时填空 1. I ____ _____ (read) English now. 2. He ______ _______ (go) to the park now. 3. We ________ ________ (have) an English class. 4. What ______ they _____ (do) ? They _____ _____ (sit) in the park. 5. My mother ________ ________ (clean ) the room now 4. 将下列句子进行改错 I like fly kite.

主谓一致专题

语法复习专题主谓一致 一、考点聚焦 1、语法形式上的一致 主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式。The number of students in our school_________1,700. Mary and Kelly________ alike. 2、意义上一致 (1)主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。 The crowd ______ runing for their lives. 单数形式代表复数内容的词有people、police、cattle等。 (2)主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数。 The news is very exciting. 形复意单的单词有new、works(工厂)、means和以ics结尾的学科名称physics、poli-tics、economics等。 3、就近原则。即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。如果连词or、either … or、neither … nor、not only … but also等连接的并列主语,如果一个是单数,一个是复数,谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。 you or I________ mad. 4、应注意的若干问题 (1)名词作主语。 ①某些集体名词如family、team等作主语时,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语用单数,反之用复数。My family_________going out for a trip. The whole family _________ watching TV. 这类词常有audience、class club、committee、company、crew、crowd、enemy、government、group、party、public、team等。 Population和“a group(crowd)of + 复数名词”也适用于这种情况,强调整体用单数,强调各个部分用复数。 ②某些集体名词如people、police、cattle、oxen只当复数看待,谓语动词必须用复数。 ③单、复数同形的名词作主语时,谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。 A sheep ________over there. Some sheep________over there. ④名词所有格之后的名词被省略,这种情况一般只指商店、工场、住宅等;作主语时,动词一般用单数。My uncle’s________not for from here. 常见的省略名词有the baker’s 、the barbar’s、the Zhang’s等。 表示店铺的名词一般作集体名词看待,但用作主语时,谓语动词往往用复数。如:Richardson’s_________a lot of old goods to sell. ⑤当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时,往往可以根据意义一致的原则,把这些复数名词看作一个整体,谓语用单数。Thirty years ________ passed. Five minutes _______enough to finish the task. ⑥不定代词each、every、no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时,谓语动词仍用单数形式。如: Each boy and each girl in my class ________a dictionary. ⑦如果主语有more than one … 或many a … 构成,尽管从意义上看是复数内容,它的谓语动词用单数形式。More than one student _____ seen the play. Many a boy________ bought that kind of toy. 但是,“more + 复数名词+ than one”结构之后,谓语用复数。 ⑧一些由两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时,谓语通常用复数形式。如glasses、clothes、trousers、shoes、compasses、chopsticks、scissors等。 但如果主语用a kind of、a pair of、a series of等加名词构成时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。 A pair of shoes ________ on the desk. ⑨this kind of book = a book of this kind(这种书),其谓语动词;短语this kind of men = men of this kind = these kind of men(口语)(这一类人),但this kind of men的谓语用单数,men of this kind和these kind of men的谓语用复数,all kinds of后跟复数名词,谓语用复数形式。如: This kind of men _______dangerous. Men of theis kind/sort ________dangerous. ⑩复数形式的单、复数同形名词作主语时,按意义一致的原则,用作单数意义时,谓语用单数,反之,谓语用复数。这类名词有means、works、species(种类)、Chinese、Japanese等。当它们的前面有a、such a、this、that修饰时,谓语用单数;有all、such、these、those修饰时,谓语用复数。 (11)如果名词词组中心词是all、most、half、rest等词语,所指是复数意义,谓语动词用复数形式,反之用单数。 All of my students work hard. All of the oil _______gone. (12)在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如: Between the two windows __________an oil painting.(hang) (2)由连接词连接的名词作主语。 ①用and或both … and 连接并列主语,谓语动词通常用复数形式。但如果并列主语指的是同一个人,同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数形式,这时and后面的名词没有冠词。 Truth and honesty ________the best policy. To love and to be loved _______the great happiness. Going to bed early and getting up early _______a good habit. A knife and fork_________ on the table. ②当主语后面跟有as well as、as much as、no less than、along with、with、like、rather than、together with、but、except、besides、including、in addition to等引导的词组时,采取“就远原则”。 ③以or、either … or、neigher … nor、not only … but also等连接的词作主语时,采

专项练习名词的单复数练习

名词的单复数 课堂练习 一、判断下列名词是可数名词还是不可数名词,并写出他们的复数形式 1.air 2.baby 3.beach 4.beef 5.boat 6.book 7.box 8.boy 9.bread 10.child 11.class 12.day 13.deer 14.exercise 15.factory 16.fireman 17.foot 18.fox 19.goose 20.hand 21.horse 22.ink 23.key 24.knife 25.man https://www.doczj.com/doc/b815263762.html,k 27.mouse 28.paper 29.party 30.photo 31.potato 32.rice 33.roof 34.ruler 35.sheep 36.thief 37.tiger 38.water 39.German 40.wolf 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.China and Canada are big _____ (country) 2.Give me two _______ (glass) of milk. 3.He read some__________________about Zhou Enlai. (story) 4.How many _______(people) are there in your family? 5.Have you got any _________ (paper)? I want to write a letter. 6.How many _______(shelf) are there in the room? 7.I can see a ___________ standing near the door.(policeman) 8.Open your mouth. Show me your _______(tooth). 9.Those _______(pair) of gloves are for your mother. 10.Please give me some ________ (orange juice), please. 11.The ____________ (policemen) over there is my father. 12.Would you like some bottles of _________ (milk)? 13.My sister Linda is in _________ (class) Two, Grade One. 14.The room beside our classroom is ___________ (room) 301.

英语动词单三变化规则及名词单数变复数口诀

英语动词第三人称单数变化规则及 名词单数变复数口诀 一、动词的第三人称单数现在式变化规则: 1)一般由动词原形加-s get-gets play-plays 2)以e结尾的动词,加-s like-likes make-makes 3)以o结尾的动词加-es go-goes do-does 4)以s, x, ch, sh等字母结尾的动词,后面加-es kiss-kisses fix-fixes teach-teaches fish-fishes 5)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先将y变i, 再加-es fly-flies study-studies 6) have –has 1、一般现在时 ①主语+动词原型V I have a friend. You have a friend. We have a friend. They have a friend. ②主语(第三人称单数)+动词V(三单) She / He / It has a friend. Tom / My mother has a friend.

2.不规则动词过去式与过去分词分类记忆表 (一)、AAA. (原形,过去式和过去分词一致) 1. 花费 cost cost cost 2. 割 cut cut cut 3. 伤害 hurt hurt hurt 4. 让 let let let 5. 放 put put put 6. 朗读 read read read 7. 设置 set set set 8.打击,碰撞 hit hit hit 9.关上门窗 shut shut shut 10.让 let let let (二)、ABB(过去式和过去分词一致) 1) 过去式、过去分词含有-ought 1. 带来 bring brought brought 2. 买 buy bought bought 3. 打架 fight fought fought 4. 想 think thought thought 5. 寻找、探究 seek sought sought 2) 过去式、过去分词含有-aught 5. 抓住 catch caught caught 6. 教 teach taught taught t替换原形-d 3) 过去式、过去分词- 7. 建筑 build built built 8. 借出 lend lent lent 9. 花费 spend spent spent 10.派遣 send sent sent 4) 过去式、过去分词 在原形词尾加t或d 11. 学会 learn learnt/ed learnt/ed 12. 意思 mean meant meant 13. 燃烧 burn burnt/ed burnted 13. 做梦 dream dreamt/ed dreamt/ed 13. 处理 deal dealt dealt 14. 听 hear heard heard 5) 过去式、过去分词改为-ept 15. 保持 keep kept kept 16. 睡觉 sleep slept slept 17. 扫 sweep swept swept 6) 过去式、过去分词改为-elt

主谓一致(二)

第三讲主谓一致(二) 3.1 以并列结构作主语的主谓一致问题 (1)由“and / both…and”连接的并列主语 ①如果意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。理解 ②如果不是指两个或两个以上的人或物,而是表示单数意义,则动词用单数。(请给出更多的例子,如刀叉,黄油和面包之类)。 ③省略结构形似单数,而意义为复数,随后的动词用复数。理解 ④当“and”连接的并列名词词组带有“each , every , many a”等限定词时,随后的动词通常用单数。理解 (2)由“or , nor , either…or , neither…nor , not only…but also”连接的并列结构作主语,随后的动词形式通常按照“就近原则”处理。(小字部分的①不太懂,应该如何分辨什么时候是非正式语体) (3)当主语后面有“as much as , rather than , more than , no less than”等引导的从属结构时,随后的动词形式依主语本身的单复数而定。理解 (4)当主语后面跟有由“as well as , in addition to , with , along with, together with , except”等引导的词组时,其后的动词形式也取决于主体本身的形式。理解 3.2 以表示数量概念的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题 (1)以表示确定数量的名词词组作主语 ①如果数量概念被看作整体,动词用单数,反之则复数。理解 ②如果作主语的名词词组是由“分数或百分数+ of-词组”构成,其动词形式依“of-”词组中名词类别而定。理解 ③两数相减或相除,动词用单数;相加或相乘,动词用单复数均可。理解 ④如果主语由“one in / one out of + 复数名词”构成,在正式语体中动词用单数,在非正式语体中,动词也可按“就近原则”用复数。(什么时候是非正式语体) (2)以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语 ①如果主语是“all of… , some of… , none of… , half of… , most of…”等表示非确定数量的名词词组,其后的动词形式依“of-”词组中的名词类别而定。理解 ②如果主语是由“lots of . heaps of , loads of , scads of , plenty of + 名词”构成,表示“许许多多”等概念时,随后动词的单复数形式也以“of-”词组中名词类别定。理解 ③如果主语是由“a portion of , a series of , a pile of , a panel of + 名词”构成,不管名词类别为何,动词通常用单数。理解 ④如果主语是由“限定词+ kind / type / sort of + 名词”构成,随后的动词形式的三条规则。理解 ⑤如果主语是由“many a + 名词”或“more than one + 名词”构成,其意义虽属多数,但随后的动词仍遵循“语法一致”原则,用单数。理解 ⑥如果主语由“an average of / a majority of + 复数名词”构成,而且明确表示多数个体概念,随后的动词用复数,反之则用单数。(什么叫多数个体概念) 3.3 其他方面的主谓一致问题 (1)以名词性分句作主语的主谓一致问题 ①由“wh-”词引导的名词性分句作主语,其后的动词通常用单数。理解 ②两个由“and”连接的并列名词性分句作主语,如果主语表示两件事情,动词用复数。如何看其表示的是不是两件事情。 ③在以“what-”分句作主语的SVC结构中,如果主句补语是复数名词,主句谓语动词可用复数。如果不是SVC结构,其余结构情况如何。

(完整版)小升初英语名词单数变复数专项练习

小升初衔接练习一 姓名:等级: 一、请写出下列词的复数形式。(33') 1、orange 2、class 3、text 4、monkey 5、piano 6、child 7、shelf8、bed9、country 10、family11、toy12、foot 13、Japanese14、radio15、photo 16、army17、tomato18、fox 19、woman20、knife22、sheep 23、Chinese24.boy25.tooth 26.fish27.life28. mouse 29.fox30.people31.American 31.German32.branch33.deer 二、给下列名词分类。(17’) TablechairdeskricejuicepeoplemilkteahairapplepeachpenbeefMeatcokeluck(运气)carpet 可数名词 ___________________________________________________________________不可数名词 _________________________________________________________________ 三、选择题。

1.This is ______”U”in the word university. A. the B. a C. an D. × 2.Oh ,it’s ______”N”. A. the B. a C. an D. × 3.Oh ,it’s ______”M”. A. the B. a C. an D. × 4.A cat has four ____ , doesn't it? A. foots B. feet C. Feets 5.There are three ____ and five _____ in the room. A. American, Japanese B Americans, Japanese C. American, Japanese 6.The _____ has two______. A. boy; watch B. boy; watches C. boys; watch 7..I saw many _____ in the street. A. peoples B.people C.people’s 8.Can you see nine ____ in the picture? A. fish B. book C. Horse 9.They come from different ______ A. country B. countries C. a country D. countrys 10.How many ______ do you see in the picture? A. tomatos B. tomatoes C. tomato D. the tomato 11.They are______.

名词复数变化规则大全

英语名词复数的规则变化 英语中名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词在应用时有单数和复数形式。表示一个用单数,表示两个或两个以上用复数。复数名词的构成分为规则变化和不规则变化。 一、规则变化: 1、一般在名词词尾加s, ①map—maps地图,bird—birds鸟, orange—oranges 桔子, bike—bikes自行车; 2、以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词加es, ①box—boxes盒子,class—classes班级,watch—watches手表,dish-dishes盘,碟子,餐具; 3、以O结尾的名词后面加s或es ①photo—photos相片radio—radios收音机zoo—zoos动物园tomato—tomatoes西红柿potato—potatoes土豆 4、以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i+es ①baby—babies婴儿family—families家庭; 以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接加s ①boy—boys男孩toy—toys 玩具; 5、以fe或f结尾的名词,把fe或f变为ves ①knife—knives小刀 wife—wives妻子 leaf—leaves树叶。 二、名词复数的不规则变化 1、child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---men woman---women 注意:与man 和woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men 和-women。 如:an Englishman,two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓,其复数是the Bowmans。2、单复同形如:

主谓一致

英语主谓一致知识点讲解 主谓一致是指: 1)语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2)意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。3)就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语, Here ___ a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you. A. are B. be C. is D. being 一般来说,不可数名词( advice, news, furniture, traffic, information, homework, fun, (for fun) weather( wh ether), progress, baggage, luggage )用动词单数,可数

名词复数用动词复数。 What a good piece of advice ! 例如:There is much water in the cup. much / many, Too much homework is a big burden. I am much too delighted to hear from you. I have a few books. Y ou don’t need to buy them for me. I have few books. Could you buy some for me ? a little / little 但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。例如: T en thousand tons of coal were produced last year.

名词单复数变化规则及练习题

口语班本周讲解以下语法点:Name: Class: 可数名词的复数形式变化规则: 1.一般情况名词后直接加-s.读[z]或读[s] Eg:cat-cats ant-ants 2.以s/x/ch/sh 结尾的单词加es.读[iz] Eg:bus-buses fox-foxes 3.以辅音字母y结尾的,将y变i加es. Eg:candy-candies story-stories 4.以o结尾的单词,末尾加es,有生命的加-es,无生命的加-s.读[z] Eg:tomato-tomatoes(有生命的)soil-soils(无生命的) 5..以f或fe结尾的名词,多将f或fe去掉变成ves.读[vz] Eg:leaf-leaves life-lives 6.以ce,se,ze,d,ge等结尾的名词,加-s.读[z] Eg:case-cases orange-oranges 不规则名词变化,就需要特殊记忆,等孩子们把上面内容掌握后,再开始继续往下延伸。 可数名词的复数形式练习题 一.将下列名词变为复数形式。 map-- boy-- girl-- orange-- bus-- friend-- fox-- box-- baby-- fly-- apple-- egg-- 二.将下列单数变为复数句型或复数变成单数句型。 1.This is a book.__________________ 2.That is an orange.___________________

3.What is this?________________ 4.Those are girls._________________ 5.These are watermelon.__________________ 6.Is that a map?________________________ 7.They are toys.________________________ 8.The purse is beautiful.______________________ 9.That is a nice cartoons.________________________ 10.Look!There is a library._______________________ 可数名词的复数形式变化规则默写: _______________________________________________1._____________ _________________________________2.___________________________ ___________________3._________________________________________ _____4.______________________________________________5.________ ______________________________________6.______________________ ________________________

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