第十节形容词、副词比较级
一、等比句句型
下面这种句型主要表示人或物的性质、特征等方面有某些近似或相等:主语+谓语+as+形容词/副词+as+比较对象
We have accomplished as much in the past three years as would have been taken ten years in the past.
句子中两个as作用不同, 前一个as是副词, 含“如此”的意思; 后一个as是连词, 表示“
下面这种句型的意思是“不比…多”或“不少于…”:
主语+谓语+no more/less+形容词/副词比较级+than+被比对象
是表达“相等”或“近似”的一种说法。例如:
She is no less diligent than her class mates.
二、比较级句型
比较级句型用于表示两个人或事物之间的差别。它包括两个方面: 一是优等比较,即“甲胜于乙”; 一是次等比较, 即“甲不及乙”。
主+谓语+形容词/副词比较级+(名词)+被比对象
或: 主语+谓语+more/less+形容词/副词+than+被比对象
Facts speak louder than eloquence.
The new edition of the dictionary is more expensive than the old one.
“否定的同等级较”也用于表示两个人或事物之间的差别。例如:
John doesn't work so hard as Henry.
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在英语中习惯上修饰比较级的副词不多，主要有 much,far,even,still 表示“…得多”
三、最高级句型
最高级句型用于表示某一事物在一定范围内最突出或某一动作达到最高程度的句子。一般要有一个表示范围的词组。
…the+形容词/副词最高级+(名词)+范围词
1. Jane is the tallest girl in the department of public relations.
2. Of all the students, Beth works hardest.
注: 引导范围的介词, 如果为同一范畴用of, 如例2; 否则用in, 如例1。
…否定词…+比较级…
该名型的原意思是“再没有…比…更…”, 也表示“最”的概念。
There is nothing in the world more potent and more impotent than words.
四、The…the…结构
该名型表示“越…, 越…”。
The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.
五、少数形容词比较级不用连词 than
superior (优于), inferior (低于), senior(年长于), junior(年幼于)等级之后用to, 而不His strength is superior to mine.
My knowledge is inferior to his.
Bob is two years senior to me.鲍伯比我大两岁
He is junior to me by two years.他比我小两岁。
六、一些表示两者之间有所比较和选择和句型
Better to do well than to say well.说得好不如做得好。
I would rather join you in research work than go on holiday to the seaside.
我宁愿和你们一起参加科研工作, 而不愿到海滨去度假。
I prefer to work rather than sit idle.
我宁愿工作, 也不愿闲坐着。
He would sooner resign than take part in such dishonest business deals.
他宁愿辞职, 也不愿参与那样不诚实的买卖。
I prefer the quiet countryside to the noisy cities.
我喜欢安静的乡村胜过喧闹的城市。
Exercises 10 Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence:
1. His salary as a driver is much higher _____.
A. than a teacher
B. than that of a teacher
C. that of a teacher
D. than those of a teacher
2. ____all the poems I have read recntly, Thomas Hardy's The Darkling Thrust seems the most relevant to our times.
A. Of
B. Among
C. In
D. About
3. To the best of my knowledge, the climate in Arizona is better year-round____.
A. than any other state
B. than other states
C. than in any other state
D. than is any other state
4. Questioning the quality of the air they breathe becomes less important
than____ about the next paycheck.
A. having questioned
B. questioning
C. to have questioned
D. question
5. He ____ live in the country than in the city.
A. Would
B. likes to
C. would rather
D. had better
6. The culture and customs of America are more like ____ of England than of
A. that
C. which
7. Dried foods take up less room and weigh ____ than the same food packed in cans, and they do not need to be stored in special condition.
A. few
B. fewer
C. little
D. less
8. But she would rather stay at home alone than ____to Jane's gossip.
A. to listen
B. listening
C. listen
D. listened
9. The new method for refining aluminum was ____ that it became practical for many purposes, one of the first of which was for making
pots and pans.
A. so more cheaper
C. so many cheaper
10. ____living things are linked together as intimately than bees and flowers.
A. Fewer
B. Few
C. Little
D. Less
11. To clarify the circumstances thoroughly requires ____taken thus far.
A. more specific measures than have
B. more specific measures than have been
C. more specific measures than has
D. more specific measures than has been
12. With regarding to this model of color TV sets, the home-made ones are by no means ____ those made in Japan.
A. less inferior to
B. less inferior than
C. inferior than
D. inferior to
13. The socialist system will demonstrate absolute superiority ____ capitalism in
A. on
B. over
C. of
D. than
14. I should have known better than ____ him my bottom price at that time.
A. show
B. shown
C. showing
D. to show
15. Radio, television and press ____of conveying news and information.
A. are the most three common means
B. are the most common three means
C. are the three most common means
D. are three the most common means
16. We often advise him not to drink more wine ____is good for his health.
A. as
B. that
C. but
D. than
17. Some companise have introduced flexible working time with less emphasis
A. than more on efficiency
B. than efficiency
C. and more on efficiency
D. and more than efficiency
18. He often sat in a small bar drinking considerably more than____.
A. he was in good health
B. his good health was
C. was good for his health
D. his health was good
19. Do you enjoy listening to records? I find records are often ____or better than an actual performance.
A. as good as
B. good
C. as good
D. good as
20. Edward prefers orange juice ____ any other drinks.
A. than
B. to
C. over
D. against
典型例题:
1） ---- Are you feeling ____?
---- Yes，I'm fine now.
A. any well
B. any better
C. quite good
D. quite better
答案：B. any 可修饰比较级，quite修饰原级，well的比较级为better.
2）The experiment was____ easier than we had expected.
A. more
B. much more
C. much
D. more much
答案：C. much可修饰比较级，因此B，C都说得通，但easier本身已是比较级，不需more，因此C为正确答案。
3）If there were no examinations, we should have ___ at school.
A. the happiest time
B. a more happier time
C. much happiest time
D. a much happier time
答案：D。
考研英语语法练习题【附答案详解】 1. —How did you get in touch with the travel agent, Robin? —Oh, that’s easy. I surfed the Internet and then called one ________ the telephone number is provided. A. which B. in which C. of which D. whose 2. October 15th is my birthday, ________ I will never forget. A. when B. that C. what D. which 3. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point ________ he can walk correctly and safely. A. when B. where C. which D. whose 4. There are several research centers in China ________ a certain disease called Bird Flu is being studied. A. which B. where C. when D. what 5. I hope that the little ________ I have been able to do does good to them all. A. which B. what C. that D. when 6. The time is not far away ________ modern communications will become widespread in China’s vast countryside. A. as B. when C. until D. before 7. ________ is known to everybody, Taiwan is a part of China. We must unify it.
形容词 一.定义： 用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词，叫形容词。 二. 注意：有些形容词只能作表语，如：alone, afraid, asleep 等。例如： Don't wake the sleeping baby up. He is asleep. The old man is alone. 形容词用来修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词，要放在这些词的后面。 例如： You'd better tell us something interesting. The police found nothing strange in the room. 多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序是：1）冠词或人称代词2）数词3）性质4）大小5）形状6）表示老少，新旧7）颜色8）事务、质地、人的国籍、用途。 例如：His grandpa still lives in this small short house.他爷爷还住在这个矮小的房子里。 The woman bought two beautiful Chinese plates.那个妇女买了两个漂亮的中国盘子。 形容词名词化：有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词，表示一类人，谓语常用复数。这类词有：rich / poor; good / bad ; young / old ; healthy / ill ; living / dead ; black / white (表示人种等)。 例如：The young should take good care of the old.年轻人应该好好照顾老人。 The rich never help the poor in this country.在这个国家，富人从来不帮助穷人。 形容词短语做定语时要后置。 如：They are the students easy to teach.他们是很容易较的学生。 We live in a house much larger than yours.我们住的房子比你们的大得多。 else要放在疑问代词或复合不定词之后。 如：Did you see anybody else?你看到别的人了吗？
小学英语语法 副词 副词的意义：用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词和全局的词，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等。副词根据他们的意义，可以分为时间副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词和疑问副词。 The house is very small. My answer is quite easy. 副词的分类： 时间副词：today, tomorrow, yesterday, always, often, now, before 地点副词：here, there, down, up, down 方式副词：slowly, badly, hard, fast 程度副词：very, much, still, almost, too 疑问副词：why, what, where, when,how 副词的位置 副词修饰动词、动名词、名词是，通常放在被修饰词后。 I’m working carefully. He has never visited the Great Wall. 副词修饰形容词、副词时，通常位于被修饰的词前。 The book is very interesting, I like it very much. She swims quickly enough. 副词修饰数词时，通常位于数词前。
The women is over forty, but she looks very young. 副词的排列顺序 副词表示时间地点时，小单位在前，大单位在后。 Next week, I’ll reach Kunming, China. Lucy was born on November 12th,1985,in Changchun, Jilin Province.副词表示方式时，拼写短的在前，拼写长的在后，并用and或者but连接。Can you say it slowly and clearly 形容词、副词的转化
初一英语语法之形容词副词 形容词，副词的比较级：表示“比…更…”（-er） （一）：一般直接在单音节和少数双音节形容词，副词尾+ ；tall Long (二)：以e结尾的单音节和少数双音节形容词，副词词尾直接+_______;nice______ wide_______ (三)：“以_____ +______结尾的单音节和少数双音节形容词，副词先___变____,再加____。busy______ early______ easy________ busy_______ (四)：以______音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母(辅元辅)的单音节和少数双音节的形 词，副词，要_____最后一个辅音，再+______。big_____ hot_____ red____ thin_____ (五)：多音节和部分双音节的形同此，副词，一般在此类词前面+__________构成最高级形式。interesting_________ relaxing___________ exciting__________ carefully___________ 注意：（1）比较级的句子中最常见的一个词than比。（2）比较级常用于两者的比较。形容词，副词的最高级：表示“最……”（-est） (一)：一般直接在单音节和少数双音节形容词，副词尾+ ； tall Long Old Low (二)：以e结尾的单音节和少数双音节形容词，副词词尾直接+___________; nice______ wide_______ large_______ fine______ (三)：“以_____ +______结尾的单音节和少数双音节形容词，副词先___变____,再加____。busy______ early______ easy________ busy_______ (四)：以______音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母(辅元辅)的单音节和少数双音节的形容词，副词，要_____最后一个辅音，再+______。 big_____ hot_____ red____ thin_____ (五)：多音节和部分双音节的形同此，副词，一般在此类词前面+__________构成最高级形式。 interesting________ _ relaxing_______ __ exciting__________ carefully______ _____ 不规则变化。 good/well-better---best bad/badly--- worse---worst many/much----more---most 好的更好的最好的坏的更坏的最坏的许多的更多的最多的 (原级) (比较级) (最高级) (原级) (比较级) (最高级) (原级) (比较级) (最高级)
考研英语十二大基础语法体系 对于任何英语句子，要分析其结构，这样才能找到英语语言的规律。每种语言都有它的难点，汉语的难点在于汉语不是拼读语言，汉字很难写，而且有四种声调。其实，许多接触过多种外语的人都认为，英语的语法比法语、德语、俄语、日语等都简单，是最容易学的。著名语言学家乔姆斯基说过，语法是内生的、也就是随着语言的诞生而诞生的。因此，学习语法和学习语言是相辅相成的。 一、英语动词的时态 （一）英汉两种语言在时态表达方式上的差异： 英语的词类与汉语的不同。汉语词类形态稳定，比如“书”这个字，“一本书”、“三本书”都一样，没有词形变化。英语就不同了，book, books仅从词形上就能知道是单数还是复数。 动词是英语中变化最多、最复杂的词类。有人说，学好英语就是学好动词，此言甚是。同一个动作或状态分别在不同时间发生或存在，表达这个动作或状态的动词就要用不同的形式，这就是时态。 （二）英语动词的形式： 英语的时态是通过动词的变化来体现的。因此，了解动词的形式及其变化规律非常重要。英语的实义动词有以下五种形式： (1)动词原形：动词原形在句子中形式不变。主要用于主语为非第三人称单数的一般现在时，情态动词之后， 或根据语法规定必须用动词原形的其他情况。 (2) 一般现在时第三人称单数形式（简称现单三）：主要用于主语为第三人称单数的一般现在时。 (3) 过去式：主要用于一般过去时。 (4) 现在分词：主要用于进行时态，或语法规定的其他情况。 (5) 过去分词：主要用于完成时态，或语法规定的其他情况。 动词一般现在时第三人称单数（现单三）的构成，见下表：
即某些字母组合的不规则动词有一定的规律。如：weep→wept, sleep→slept, sweep→swept 以上每个时间段中分别有四种状态：一般、进行、完成和完成进行。因此我们便有了四四一十六个时态。 态（一般、进行、完成、完成进行）。 比如在“They are doing their exercises.”这个句子中，动词由原形do 变成are doing 的形态，说明这个事情是发生在现在、并处于正在进行的状态当中，所以叫现在进行时； 在“They have done their exercises.”这句中，动词由原形do 变成have done的形态，说明这个事情是发生在现在、并处于完成的状态，所以叫现在完成时； 在“They always do their exercises.”中，动词用原形do 的形态，说明这个事情是发生在现在、并且是一般情况下永远如此，所以叫一般现在时。 在这三句话中，动词do 虽然用了不同的形态，其意义没有变化，而是事情发生的时间和状态变了。其余类推。 （三）时态详解 16个时态中，常用的有12个：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时、现在完成进行时和过去完成进行时。其他时态很少单独使用。 下面把各种时态的构成和用法做一个全面的介绍。
一、选择题 1．We’ll meet kinds of difficulties in our lives in the future.We should learn to be ________any challenge! A．confident enough to take on B．active enough to take up C．enough careful to take up D．enough patient to take on 2．Jack sings _________ and he is a _________ singer(歌手). A．nice; good B．well; good C．good; well 3．—How often does he watch TV? —He watches TV. A．hard ever B．ever C．never 4．—Susan, someone is waiting for you on the phone. It_______ be your sister, but I’m not sure.— Oh, please tell her to call me_______ because I’m busy now. A．might; later B．must; later C．might; late D．must; late 5．________of the people here live on rice, and the people there live________on wheat. A．Mostly; mostly B．Most; mostly C．Mostly; most D．Most; most 6．Of the three boys over there, John sings English songs ________. A．more beautiful B．the most beautiful C．more beautifully D．the most beautifully 7．Food is important for our health. So we must keep our food ________ and cook it________. A．clean; proper B．cleanly; proper C．clean; properly D．cleanly; properly 8．—Every student likes Ms. Wang very much. —Yes. She________makes her lessons interesting. A．never B．always C．Sometime 9．—What do you think of Rose? —She’s a lazy girl. She ________ helps her mother do house work at home. A．never B．often C．always 10．Look after yourself and take care of your pet. A．well; well B．good; good C．well; good D．good; well 11．—Talking with my parents is _____________ difficult for me. They never understand me.—Don’t worry. Nothing is difficult if you try your best. A．seldom B．never C．always D．sometime 12．Tony ________ gets up early, so he is never late ________school. A．never; for B．never; to C．always; for D．always; to 13．—I can’t find my dog. —________ you can ask the policeman for help. A．Why not B．May be C．Shall D．Perhaps 14．—How was your trip to the British Museum?
初中英语语法形容词、副词的复习教案 Brainstorm: 你能分清形容词和副词的用法和写法吗？你知道怎么使用形容词和副词的比较级和最高级吗？你知道在英语中有很多形容词词缀吗？ 一．形容词和副词的辨析 1.形容词和副词的区别 形容词：用来修饰名词 副词：用来修饰动词、形容词和副词 所以区别形容词和副词的关键在于看它所修饰的内容。 例如：Candy is a lovely girl. Candy smiles lovely. 在这两句话中，都有lovely这个单词，但是词性却完全不同。在第一句中lovely用 来修饰girl所以是形容词，而第二句中，lovely用来修饰动词smiles，所以是副词。 2.形容词变副词的规律 a.一般的形容词在结尾加ly变为副词。例如：careful-carefully b.以元音加e结尾的单词要去e在加ly。例如：true-truly c.辅音加y结尾的单词去y变i在加ly。例如：angry-angrily d.单音节y结尾直接加ly。例如：shy-shyly e.以le结尾的单词直接将e变为y。例如：terrible-terribly f.形容词、副词同形：hard, fast, friendly, late, early, lovely, long。这部分请同学们 注意，其中很多单词加ly之后就变成其他意思的单词了。例如：hardly就变成 “几乎不”的意思，是小学阶段五大隐形否定词（few，little, never, seldom, hardly） 之一。 二．形容词和副词的比较级 1.比较级的范围:一般为两者或两个部分进行比较。例如：I’m taller than you. Group One did better than Group Two. 2.比较级的结构：结构上比较级有三个明显的标志。 ①than：一般用than连接两个比较的部分。例如：Tom runs faster than Mike.其中Tom 和Mike是比较的两部分，用than连接他们进行比较。在than的句式中有一个需要 同学们特别注意：I’m taller than any other students in my class.这句话中用than连接 的是I和any other students in my class两个部分，其实表示的是最高级的概念，译 为我比我们班其他同学都要高，其中any other ……是固定搭配，译为任何其他的。 ②a little, much, a lot, even, still：可用来专门修饰比较级。例如：Lisa was sick yesterday, while today she is much better. ③as+形容词或副词原形+as……：译为像……一样。例如：Mary is as clever as Susan.Mary像Susan一样聪明。 另外，两个比较级连用表示“越来越”的意思。例如：Days get longer and longer in Spring.白天在春天越来越长了。 3.比较级的写法： ①单音节单词后+er。例如：tall-taller, short-shorter ②重读闭音节双写最后一个字母再加er：hot-hotter, big-bigger, thin-thinner, fat-fatter ③双音节辅音+y结尾去y变i再加er：ugly-uglier, busy-busier, easy-easier, early-earlier,
英语语法总结全集 名词和主谓一致 一、名词的分类 英语中名词主要可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。 1．可数名词 可数名词一般都有单复数。单数时，名词前可加不定冠词a/an；复数时，前面可加数词，名词本身要改成复数形式。 可数名词的复数有规则和不规则两种变化。规则的名词，只要在单数名词之后加“s”，“es”或去“y”加“ies”就行，如：an umbrella, twelve umbrellas；a factory, three factories。不规则的名词变化则要靠积累记忆，如：a mouse, ten mice；a policeman, six policemen。 有少数可数名词，如sheep，works（工厂），Chinese等，它们的单复数同形：a sheep, four sheep；a chemical works, five chemical works。 此外，还有一些可数名词只有复数形式，如clothes，trousers，cattle，police，people(人，人民)等。 英语名词中还有一些合成词，它们的复数形式有三种可能：1）后面的部分变成复数形式：grown-ups，boy students，grandchildren。2）前面的部分变成复数形式：passers-by，lookers-on，sons-in-law。3）前、后都变成复数形式：men doctors，women drivers。 2．不可数名词 不可数名词没有单复数的变化，前面也不能加a/an，或数词。但是我们可以用量词来表示不可数名词的数量，单复数表现在量词上，如：a piece of paper；two pieces of paper。 在有些情况下，不可数名词也可用a/an，表“一种”、“某种”的意思，如have a wonderful time，receive a good education，be made into a fine paper。 有时为了表示量大，不可数名词的后面也可加“s”，如sands，ashes，waters等。 但是我们在学习不可数名词的时候，特别要记住英语中有一些名词，它们无论在什么情况下，前面都不能用a/an，后面也不可加“s”，如weather，information，等。 3．有的名词既可是可数名词，也可是不可数名词 英语中有相当一部分的名词，既可以是可数，也可以是不可数，它们的意义有时略有不同，有时则完全不同。如：difficulty, success, time, work，paper，glass，等。 4．用于表示可数与不可数名词的数量“多”“少”的常用词和词组 跟可数名词连用的如：few, a few, many。 跟不可数名词连用的如：little, a little, much。 可数与不可数都能用的是：a lot of , plenty of。 二、主谓一致 1．通常被看作单数的主语部分 1）不定式、动名词和主语从句。 eg.. To see is to believe. Seeing is believing. What he said was different from what he did. 2）表示“时间”“距离”“金钱数量”的名词。 eg. Twenty years is quite a long time. 10 kilometers doesn’t seem to be a long distance to Mira. 300 dollars is too much for this old coin. 3）数学式子。 eg. Two plus five is seven. 4）书报杂志、国家、单位的名字。 eg. The Times is published daily. The United States is a big country. 5）前面用a kind of, a sort of或this kind of, this sort of等词组的名词。 eg. This kind of tree(s) often grows well in warm weather. 6）代词either, neither作主语。
一、选择题 1．Han Han’s books are_______ written and sell______. A．good ; good B．good ; well C．well; well D．well ; good 2．—You’re going to Hong Kong. What are you doing_______? —I’m going sightseeing. It will be ________time in Hong Kong. A．to there; the first B．there; my first C．in there; my first D．there; my the first 3．Tony ________ gets up early, so he is never late ________school. A．never; for B．never; to C．always; for D．always; to 4．________of the people here live on rice, and the people there live________on wheat. A．Mostly; mostly B．Most; mostly C．Mostly; most D．Most; most 5．My grandpa stays________in a (an) ________house, but he doesn't feel________. A．alone; alone; lonely B．lonely; lonely; alone C．alone; lonely; alone D．alone; lonely; lonely 6．Of us all, Kangkang worked . A．hardest B．most hardly C．harder 7．My brother plays soccer . A．good B．well C．great 8．If you don’t work ________enough, I don’t think your dream will come ________. A．hardly;truly B．hard;true C．hardly;true 9．Look after yourself and take care of your pet. A．well; well B．good; good C．well; good D．good; well 10．My mother usually at 5:30 in the afternoon. A．get home B．get to home C．gets to home D．gets home 11．—Talking with my parents is _____________ difficult for me. They never understand me.—Don’t worry. Nothing is difficult if you try your best. A．seldom B．never C．always D．sometime 12．My sister is too young to_______herself_______. A．look at;good B．look like;well C．look after;good D．look after;well 13．“The new technology is so ________ used in the world!” said Mr. White surprisedly with his eyes wide open. A．wide B．widely C．heavy D．heavily 14．--What do you think of the football match? --Wonderful! The Chinese football team has never played __________. A．worse B．worst C．better D．best 15．—Remember, ________ you do your homework, ________ mistakes you will make.
英语语法——形容词与副词 来源：普特英语 形容词 1.1 什么是形容词 形容词(adjective)是修饰名词表示名词属性的词，常放在它所修饰的名词之前。如： a lovely baby一个可爱的婴儿 the beautiful picture那幅美丽的图画 modern history现代历史 1.2 形容词的用法 形容词在句中可用作： 1)定语 He is a good boy.他是个好孩子。 The Chinese Communist Party is a great party.中国共产党是伟大的党。 2)表语 The film is both moving and instructive.这部电影很感动人，而且富有教育意义。 I am very glad to see you.见到你很高兴。 3)宾语补足语和宾语一起构成复合宾语。如： Have you got everything ready for the journey? 你行装都准备好了吗? We keep our rooms clean and tidy.我们经常保持房间的整洁。 4)相当于名词某些形容词前用定冠词the，变成名词化的形容词，可在句中作主语、宾语等。如： The young are active.青年人积极好动。(the young作主语) The blind can learn to read with their fingertips. 盲人能够用指尖学习阅读书籍。(the blind作主语) He has a keen sense of the new.他对新鲜事物有敏锐的感觉。(the new作宾语) [注一]上述三例中的the young = the young people，the blind the Blind people，the new the new things. [注二]在The sun rose red(旭日升起)中的形容词red和Don't marry young(不要早婚)中的形容词young都是主语补足语。 1.3 形容词的位置 形容词常放在它所修饰的名词之前。关于形容词有时可以后置的问题(见16.18)，但如有一个以上的形容词修饰名词，这些形容词的顺序则由它们和被修饰名词的关系的密切程度来决定。一般说来，关系最密切的最*近被修饰的名词，关系较疏远的离被修饰的名词也较远。如： a large wild plant一株很大的野生植物
【英语】英语语法副词归纳总结 一、单项选择副词 1．He wasn’t to lift the case. A．too strong B．enough strong C．strong enough D．so strong 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查enough的用法。句意：他没有力气提起箱子。此处enough“足够”是副词，修饰形容词时放在形容词后面。故选C。 2．The man should be excused because he caused the damage _______． A．deliberately B．unintentionally C．meaningfully D．determinedly 【答案】B 【解析】 句意为这个人应该被原谅，因为他是无意中造成了伤害。故选unintentionally无意地。 3．Instead of hiding behind walls, a defender sometimes must ________ engage and disable enemy forces before they strike. A．flexibly B．actively C．primitively D．conservatively 【答案】B 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A. flexibly易曲地，柔软地；B. actively活跃地，积极地；C. primitively最初地，自学而成地；D. conservatively保存地，保守地；句意：守卫者有时必须在敌方部队攻击前________吸引火力并打倒他们，而不是躲在墙后面。只有选B表示“积极地吸引火力”符合语境。 4．Pollution has reached high level in some urban areas, which is quite worrying. A．disturbingly B．slightly C．exactly D．flexibly 【答案】A 【解析】考查副词。句意：在一些城市污染已经到了令人不安的程度，这是相当令人担忧的。根据后边which is quite worrying这是相当令人担忧的，可知前边污染已经达到了令人不安的程度。A令人不安地；B轻微地；C恰好地；D灵活地。故选A。 5．They gave mo ney to the old people’s home either _____ or through their companies. (安徽2015) A．legally B．sincerely
初中英语语法专题--副词 一、副词定义： 1.用来说明事情或动作发生的时间、地点、原因、方式等含义的词 2.用来说明其它形容词或副词程度的词 二、副词的分类 副词按词汇意义和句法功能可分为时间副词、地点副词、频度副词、程度副词、方式副词、疑问副词、连接副词、关系副词等。初中主要学习和掌握频度副词、方式副词、时间副词、地点副词即可。 考点一副词的分类与位置 1、表频率的副词 常见的频率副词有：always,often,usually,sometimes,never,ever,hardly,seldom.它们一般在行为动词之前，系动词、情态动词和助动词之后，. ①He always goes to school on foot. ②She has never been to Beijing. ③She is often late for work. 2、表示方式的副词 与方式相关的副词，如safely,quietly,quickly，politely loudly，luckily ，happily ，easily ，carefully ，slowly ，suddenly以及fast,late,hard,early等。 此类副词位于动词之后，如果是及物动词一般位于宾语之后。 ①The children are dancing happily. ②They work hard. ③The students did their homework carefully. 3．程度副词 与程度相关的副词有：very , much , only, quite , as, too, too…for,too…to do, well, almost, even, a little , enough , rather, a lot , so,such , badly, nearly , further , really , widely , hardly , a bit等。 它们一般位于被修饰的词前面，但enough要放在被修饰的词后面。 ①I can hardly know her name. ②The cake is so delicious ③He was badly hurt . ④He worked hard enough.
透析中考英语语法形容词、副词考点 【形容词、副词命题趋势】 形容词是用来修饰名词的词表示名词的属性，副词和形容词一样，在句中起修饰作用，所不同的是：形容词主要修饰名词；而副词主要修饰动词、形容词、副词和句子等。对形容词、副词的考查是高考一项重要考查内容，考查的方向主要体现在以下几个方面： 1. 形容词的用法； 2. 副词的用法； 3. 形容词和副词原级、比较级、最高级的用法； 4. 形容词和副词在句中的区别和位置。 【考点诠释】 一、考查形容词的作用与位置 形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。常放在被修饰的名词前作定语，放在系动词后作表语，或放在宾语之后作宾语补足语。 1．多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序 【考例】--Yeah, too _______work makes me tired. [太原市] A. little B. many C. much [答案]C。[解析]本题重在考查几个形容词的用法。little有“小的”或“几乎没有”等意思。many与much都有“多”的意思，但many修饰可数名词复数，much修饰不可数名词。空格后的名词work是不可数名词，故应选C。 2．形容词用作定语，修饰不定代词时，通常后置。 The idea of "sunshine sport" makes it possible for kids to choose and do about sport as long as one hour every day. [哈尔滨市] A. pleasant something B. anything pleasant C. nothing pleasant [答案]B。[解析]考查形容词和不定代词的位置关系。从句子意思可知应填anything pleasant 表“任何高兴的事”。A结构不对，C表否定。 3．表语形容词(well，unwell，ill，faint，afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake等)作定语，需要后置；有些表示身体健康状况的形容词，如well，faint，m只作表语；sick既可作表语又可作定语。 【考例】Carl felt _______because he won the first prize in the school singing competition. [安徽省] A. interested B. proud C. angry D. worried [答案]B 。[解析]考查形容词词义。根据句意“获奖是值得高兴、自豪的事情”，应选proud。 I feel ________to have a friend like him. He always helps me out when I am in trouble. [太原市] A. luckily B. happy C. sorry [答案]B。[解析]本题重在考查系动词的用法。系动词feel“觉得”其后可接形容词作表语，A项为副词，故排除；B、C虽然都是形容词，但意义相反，根据后句推断选B。 Jin Yong is one of the greatest and oldest____ writers．He is still__________.[镇江] A．1iving；alive B．1iving；1iving C．alive；living D．alive；alive 答案：A解析：alive作表语或后置定语，指“有生命的，活的，还出着气的”；living指“健在的，现行的，现代的”，可作表语，也可作定语。句意为“金庸是最伟大的健在的老作家之一，他仍然活着”，故选A。 4．用作补足语。 【考例】Li Lei's words made her_________..[济南]
英语语法总结 下文总结了十二个要点： 1、主谓一致 2、时态 3、语态 4、非谓语动词 5、情态动词 6、虚拟语气 7、句子种类 8、名词性从句 9、状语从句 10、定语从句 11、强调句 12、倒装句 当然以上并不是全部要点，还有一些比较基础的，比如：祈使句、省略句、名词等知识点比较简单，在平时做题中自然而然就积累下来了，不需要刻意背诵。 一、主谓一致 主谓一致的关键在于，分条记清楚，不要混淆。 1、以动词不定式短语，动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式； To study English well is not easy.（动词不定式短语作主语） Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. （动名词短语作主语） What he said is very important for us all. （从句作主语） 2、由连接词and或both…and连接起来的主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。但若所连接的两个词是 指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语就用单数形式。 The writer and artist has come. 由and 连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every 或more than a (an)/one,many a (an) 修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。either, neither, each, every 或no+单数名词和由some, any no, every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。 Every student and every teach is in the classroom. Many a boy and many a girl likes it. No boy and no girl likes it. Each of us has a new book. Is everyone here today? Somebody is speaking in class. Everything around us is matter 若none of 后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数。若它后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。 None of the sugar was left. None of us has (have) been to America. 3、在定语从句里，关系代词that, who, which 等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。（画 线为先行词） Those who want to go please write their names on the blackboard.