第十一节主谓一致
谓语动词与其主语在人称和数上要保持一致，称为主谓一致。要做到主谓一致，除了要考虑句中主语的人称和数的变化，还要考虑到谓语动词的时态和语态的变化。要理解和遵循语法规则，但在理解的基础上又不完全局限于语法规则，在很多情况下，还要结合具体的语言环境加以判断。在主谓一致这个问题上，必须明确的是：只有在谓语动词是现在时态或be动词的过去式的时候，主语才和它有数方面的一致关系。
一、主谓一致的基本原则
主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致遵循三个基本原则：语法一致、意义一致、就近原则。
1、语法一致
语法一致指主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语为复数，则谓语动词也用复数，这是主谓一致的三原则中最基本的原则。如：
She is a girl.她是女孩。
They are all girls.他们都是女孩。
2、意义一致
意义一致指主语形式上是单数，但表达复数意义，那么谓语动词要用复数形式；或主语形式上是复数形式但表达单数意义，则谓语动词也采用单数形式，如：My family were watching TV at 7 o’clock.
7点钟的时候，我们全家在看电视。
My family has moved three times.
我们家搬过三次。
The family were having dinner when I called.
我去拜访的时候，那家人正在吃饭。
3、就近原则
就近原则指谓语动词的人称和数由最靠近它的主语决定，如：
There is a book, two pens and three pencils on the desk.
书桌上有一本书，两支钢笔和三支铅笔。
There are two pens, a book and three pencils on the desk.
书桌上有两支钢笔，一本书和三支铅笔。
Either my sisters or my mother is coming.
不是我姐姐就是我妈妈要来。
二、谓语动词只能用单数的8种情况
1、非谓语动词或从句作主语
不定式（to do或疑问词+to do）、动名词(doing)或主语从句作主语，谓语动词用单数。如：
When and where to build the new factory ________ not decided yet.
A. is
B. are
C. has
D. have
[分析]答案是A。“疑问词+不定式”作主语，谓语动词用单数，此题又是被动语态。
2、复合不定代词作主语
以some-,any-,every-,no-开头，以-thing, -body, -one结尾的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
Everything is going well.一切顺利。
3、以-s结尾的学科名、书名、国名作主语。
表示学科（如physics, politics, maths）、书名（如The Arabian Nights）、国名（如the United States, Wales, the United Nations）等以-s结尾的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。如：The United States has many different kinds of climate.
美国的气候是各种各样的。
4、“more than one/many a+单数名词”作主语
“more than one+单数名词”和”many a+单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
More than one student has seen the film.
不止一个学生看过这部电影。
Many a strong man has weakened before such a challenge.
许多坚强的人遇到这种困难都动摇了。
5、指同一人或事物的并列结构作主语
指同一人或事物的A and B结构（如knife and fork刀叉，bread and butter黄油面包，a teacher and writer老师兼作家，fish and chips鱼和炸土豆片）作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。如：
A worker and writer was present at the meeting.一位工人作家出席了会议。
Fish and chips is a popular meal in Britain.
鱼和炸土豆片在英语是很受欢迎的膳食。
6、“one/each of+复数名词”作主语
“one/each of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
--Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons, ______ to go to university.
--So do I.
A. hope
B. hopes
C. hoping
D. hoped
[分析]答案是B。“each of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
7、前后名词有every等修饰的并列结构作主语
“every (no, each, many a)+单数名词+and+every (no, each, many a)+单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
Every desk and every chair in the classroom is new.
教室里的每张桌椅都是新的。
8、在数学四则运算中
在数学四则运算中，谓语动词一般用单数。如：
Three times six is eighteen. 3乘6得18。
Three and five equals eight. 3加5等于8。
三、谓语动词只能用复数的6种情况
1、表示某国人的“the+国籍形容词”作主语
表示某国人的总称的“the+表示某国的形容词”（如：the Chinese/ Japanese/ British/ English…）作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数。如：
The Chinese have been making paper for 2,000 years.
中国人造纸有两千多年了。
2、表示某一类人的“the+形容词”作主语
表示某一类人的“the+形容词”（如：the rich/poor/old/young/living/dead/weak/strong/blind/deaf/killed/injured/unemployed）作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数。如：
The rich live while the poor die.
富者生，穷者死。
3、表示不同人或事物的并列结构作主语
表示不同人或事物的(both)A and B作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：
Both New Y ork and London have traffic problems.
纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。
4、“both/few…+复数名词”作主语
“both/ few/ several/ many+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：
Few words are best.少说话最好。
5、cattle/ people/ the police等作主语
Cattle（牛）/people（人们，人民）/the police（警察之总称）等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：
Cattle eat grass.牛吃草。
The police haven’t got a single lead yet.
警察到现在还未获得一点线索。
6、某些本身以-s结尾的名词作主语
The Olympic Games/ clothes/ goods（货物）/things（情况）/feelings（感情）/surroundings （环境）/belongings（财产）/earnings（薪水）/the Ural Mountains（乌拉尔山脉）/manners （礼貌）/congratulations等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：
Things were in terrible order.情况一团糟。
The Plympic Games begin with a parade of all the competing nations.
奥运会以参赛各国运动员的列队行进开始。
四、谓语动词可能用单数也可能用复数的17种情况
1、“主语+介词短语等”作主语
在“A+(with, together with, along with, as well as, but, except, besides, like, including, rather than, more than, no less than)+B”结构中，谓语动词的单复数与A保持一致。如：（1）The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, ________ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.
A. was
B. were
C. had been
D. would be
[分析]答案是A。由语境判断谓语动词应用过去进行时，与The teacher 一致，应用单数形式。
（2）All the employees except the manager _________ to work online at home.
A. encourages
B. encourage
C. is encouraged
D. are encouraged
[分析]答案是D。谓语要与All the emplyees一致，排除A和C；又因All the employees 与encourage是被动关系，排除B。
2. neither…nor…等对称结构作主语
Neither…nor…，(either)…or…, not only…but also…, not…but…等并列结构作主语时采取就近原则；谓语动词的数由与其最接近的那个主语的数决定。如：
（1）Not only I but also Jane and Mary_________ tired of having one examination after another.
A. is
B. are
C. am
D. be
[分析]答案是B。谓语动词应与其最接近的主语Jane and Mary保持一致。
（2）Either you or the headmaster_______ the prizes to these gifted students at themeeting
A. is handing out
B. are ot hand out
C. are handing out
D. is to hand out
[分析]答案是D。谓语动词应与the headmaster一致，排除B和C；根据语境应用将来时态，排除A。
3、“a/ the number of+复数名词”作主语
表示“……的数量”的“the number of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；表示“一些/许多……”的“a number of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：The number of people invited_______ fifty, but a number of them_______ absent for different reasons.
A. were; was
B. was; was
C. was; were
D. were; were
[分析]答案是C。“the number of+复数名词”意为“……的数量”，谓语动词用单数；“a number of+复数名词”意为“许多……”，谓语动词用复数。
4、one or two…与one/a…or two作主语
“one or two+复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数；“a/ one+单数名词+or two”作主语，谓语动词用单数。如：
Only one or two students were late today.
今天只有一两个学生迟到。
One student or two was late today.
今天只有一两个学生迟到。
5、neither/either/any/none of…作主语
“neither/either/any/none+of+复数名词或代词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数（正式）或复数（非正式）均可，其中any, one后面跟“of+复数名词或代词”，若指的是复数可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词也是既可用单数也可用复数。
如：
None of the guests want(s) to stay.
没有一个客人想留下不走。
Neither of us is/ are happy about the situation.
我们俩对这种局面都不满意。
6、some/half/most/all及分数等+of…作主语
“all of/ the rest of/ half of/ most of/ part of/ plenty of/ some of/ a lot of/ lots of+名词”，以及“分数或百分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数由of后的名词的数决定。如：
__________ of the land in that district_________ with trees and grass.
A. Two fifth; is
B. Two fifth; are
C. Two fifths; is
D. Two fifths; are
[分析]答案是C。分数的分子是two,分母fifth加-s即two fifths, 排除A和B；谓语要与分数后面的名词the land一致，所以用单数。
7、没接of短语的half, all, the rest等作主语
Half, all, the rest等作主语，根据意义一致的原则确定谓语动词的形式；所指为单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式；所指为复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
I need only a glass of beer; the rest is yours.
我只需要一杯啤酒，其余的是你的了。
Three of us will go; the rest are staying at home.
我们有3个人去，其余的人留在家里。
8、class, group, family等集合名词作主语
Class, team, group, family, couple, club, enemy, army, government, company, firm, corwd, college, university, department等集合名词作主语时，采用意义一致原则：视作整体时是单数，若指构成各个集体的各个成员时是复数。如：
His family is a big one.他的家庭是个大家庭。
Y our family are quite well, I hope.希望你家里人都好。
9、trousers, shoes等由两部分组成的复数名词作主语
Trousers, glasses, shorts（短裤），stockings（长袜），gloves等作主语时，谓语动词用复数；但若a pair of trousers 之类的结构作主语时，谓语动词的数由pair的数来决定。如：The trousers don’t fit him. They are too small.
这条裤子他穿不合身，太小了。
This pair of shoes fits you better.这双鞋子对你更合适。
Two pairs of your trousers are still at the cleaner’s.
你的两条裤子还在洗衣店里。
10、sheep, means等单复数同形的名词作主语
Means（方法，手段），works（工厂），sheep, fish, aircraft（飞机）等单复数同形的名词作主语时，采用意义一致的原则：指一种方法或一家工厂时，谓语动词用单数，否则用复数。如：
Every possible means_________ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.
A. is used
B. are used
C. has been used
D. have been used
[分析]答案是C。由every可知，主语means是单数，排除B和D；由语境可知用现在完成时的被动语态，排除A。
11、表示度量衡的复数名词作主语
表示时间、距离、度量、重量、金额等的复数名词作主语，被看作整体时，谓语动词用单数；但若与pass, go by等连用指时间的流逝，或者与spend, waste 等连用指时间或金钱的花费时，谓语动词用复数。如：
Five minutes is enough to do this exercise.
做这道练习5分钟足够了。
Six months have passed, and we still have no news of them.
6个月过去了，我们依然没有他们的消息。
12、population作主语
Population作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数；但若前面有分数、百分数或者表语是复数时，谓语动词用复数。如：
Three fifths of the population here are workers.
这里3/5的人是工人。
The population in these villages still uses well water.
住在这些乡村里的人依然饮用井水。
13、the public作主语
The public（公众，民众）作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可；但若表语是复数时，谓语动词就用复数。如：
The public is/ are not allowed to enter the court room.
一般民众不准进入审判室。
The public are the best judges.
公众是最好的裁判。
14、定语从句的关系代词作主语
定语从句的关系代词作主语，谓语动词的数与先行词一致。注意：在“one of+复数名词+定语从句”结构中，从句谓语用复数；但若one前有the (only)时，从句谓语动词用单数。如：
Tom is one of the students who were late this morning.
汤姆是今天早上迟到的那些学生中的一个。
Tom is the only one of the students who was late this morning.
在这些学生中汤姆是今天早上唯一迟到的人。
15、强调结构中的主谓一致
在强调结构（It is/was…that…）中，若强调的是主语，that后面的谓语动词与被强调部分一致。如：
It is I that am his English teacher.
我就是他的英语老师。
16、倒装结构中的主谓一致
在“副词here, there, now, then, u, down, in, out, away等作状语或表语的介词短语/分词短语+谓语动词+主语”的倒装结构中，谓语动词的数由动词后面的主语决定。如：On the wall hang two maps.
墙上挂着两张地图。
On the wall hangs a world map.
墙上挂着一张世界地图。
17、there be结构中的主谓一致
在there be…结构中，若be后有两个或者几个名词并列时，be用单数还是用复数，由与be靠得最近的那个名词的数来决定。如：
There is a pen, a ruler and two books on the desk.
桌上有一支钢笔、一把直尺和两本书
主谓一致高考重要考点归纳
一、“主语＋介词短语等”做主语
在“X +(with, together with, along with, as well as, but, except, besides, like, including, rather than, more than, no less than)+Y”结构中，谓语动词的单复数与之B一致。如：
1.The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class,________ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck. (北京卷)
A. was
B. were
C. had been
D. would be
【分析】答案选A。由语境判断谓语动词用过去进行时，且与the teacher一致。
2. All the employees except the manager________ to work online at home. ( 广东卷)
A. encourages
B. encourage
C. is encouraged
D. are encouraged
【分析】答案选D。谓语要与all the employees一致，排除A和C；又因all the employees 与encourage是被动关系，排除B。
3. No one in the department but Tom and I________ that the director is going to resign. ( 上海春)
A. knows
B. know
C. have known
D. am to know
【分析】答案选A。谓语动词与主语No one一致，用第三人称单数形式。
4. E-mail, as well as telephones, _______an important part in daily communication. (上海卷)
A. is playing
B. have played
C. are playing
D. play
【分析】答案选A。谓语动词与E-mail一致，用单数形式。
5. A library with five thousand books________ to the nation as a gift. (全国卷)
A. is offered
B. has offered
C. are offered
D. have offered
【分析】答案选A。谓语动词与A library一致，又是被动语态，所以选A。
二、neither…nor…等对称结构做主语
Neither…nor…, (either)…or…, not only…but also…, not…but…等并列结构作主语时采取就近原则：谓语动词的数由与其最接近的那个主语的数决定。如：
1. Not only I but also Jane and Mary________ tired of having one examination after another. (全国卷)
A. is
B. are
C. am
D. be
【分析】答案选B。谓语动词跟与其最接近的主语Jane and Mary一致。
2. Either you or the headmaster________ the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting. (上海卷)
A. is handing out
B. are to hand out
C. are handing out
D. is to hand out
【分析】答案选D。谓语动词应与the headmaster一致，排除B和C；是将来时态，排除A。
三、“a / the number of＋复数名词”做主语
表示“…的数量”的“the number of +复数名词”做主语时，谓语动词用单数；表示“一些/ 许多…”的“a number of +复数名词”做主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：
The number of people invited________ fifty, but a number of them________ absent for different reasons. (全国卷)
A. were; was
B. was; was
C. was; were
D. were; were
【分析】答案选C。invited是过去分词作定语修饰people的。
四、one or two…与one / a…or two做主语
“one or two +复数名词”做主语，谓语动词用复数；“a / one +单数名词+or two”做主语，谓语动词用单数。如：
Only one or two students were late today. 今天只有一两个同学迟到。
One student or two was late today. 今天只有一两个同学迟到。
五、neither / eit her / any / none of…做主语
“neither / either / any / none + of +复数名词或代词”做主语，谓语动词用单数(正式)或复数(非正式)均可。其中any, none后面不跟“of+复数名词或代词”，若指的是复数可数名词，做主语时，谓语动词也是既可用单数也可用复数。如：
None of the guests want(s) to stay. 没有一个客人想留下不走。
Neither of us is / are happy about the situation. 我们俩对这种局面都不满意。
六、some / half / most / all及分数等加of…做主语
“all of / the rest of / half of / most of / part of / plenty of / some of / a lot of / lots of+名词”，以及“分数(如two thirds)或百分数(如thirty percent )＋of＋名词”做主语时，谓语动词的数由of后的名词的数决定。如：
________ of the land in that district________ with trees and grass. (上海卷)
A. Two fifth; is
B. Two fifth; are
C. Two fifths; is
D. Two fifths; are
【分析】答案选C。分数的分子是two，分母fifth加s. two fifths，排除A和B；谓语要与分数后面的名词the land一致，所以谓语动词用单数。
七、没接of短语的half, all, the rest等做主语
half, all, the rest等做主语，根据意义一致的原则确定谓语动词的形式：所指为单数意义，动词用单数形式；所指意义为复数意义，动词用复数形式。如：
I need only a glass of beer; the rest is yours. 我只需要一杯啤酒，其余的是你的了。
Three of us will go; the rest are staying at home. 我们有三个人去，其余的人留在家里。
八、class, group, family等集合名词做主语
class, team, group, family, couple, club, enemy, army, government, company, firm, crowd, college, university, department等集合名词做主语时，采用意义一致：视作整体时是单数，若指构成各个集体的各个成员时是复数。如：
His family is a big one. 他的家庭是个大家庭。
Your family are quite well，I hope. 希望你家里人都好。
九、trousers等由两部分组成的复数名词做主语
trousers, glasses, shorts(短裤), stockings(长袜)，gloves等做主语时，谓语动词用复数，但若a pair of trousers之类的结构做主语时，谓语动词的数由pair的数来决定。如：
The trousers don’t fit him, they are too small. 这条裤子他穿不合身，太小了。
This pair of shoes fits you better. 这双鞋子对你更合适。
Two pairs of your trousers are still at the clea ner’s. 你的两条裤子还在洗衣店里。
十、sheep, means等单复数同形的名词做主语
means (方法手段)，works(工厂)，sheep, fish, aircraft(飞机)等单复数同形的名词做主语时，采用意义一致的原则：指一种方法或一家工厂时，谓语动词用单数，否则用复数。如：Every possible means________ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. (上海卷) A. is used B. are used
C. has been used
D. have been used
【分析】答案选C。由every可知，主语means是单数，排除B和D；由语境可知用现在完成时的被动语态，排除A。
十一、表示度量衡的复数名词做主语
表示时间、距离、度量、重量、金额等的复数名词做主语，被看作整体时，谓语动词用单数；但若与pass, go by等连用，指时间的流逝，或者与spend, waste等连用，指时间或金钱的花费时，谓语动词用复数。如：
Five minutes is enough to do this exercise.
Six months have passed, and we still have no news of them. 六个月过去了，我们依然没有他们的消息。
十二、population做主语
population做主语，谓语动词一般用单数，但若前面有分数、百分数或者表语是复数时，谓语动词用复数。如：
Three fifths of the population here are workers. 这里五分之三的人是工人。
The population in these villages still uses well water. 住在这些乡村里的人依然饮用井水。
十三、the public做主语
the public(公众，民众)做主语。谓语动词用单复数均可，但若表语是复数时，谓语动词就用复数。如：
The public is / are not allowed to enter the court room. 个一般民众不准进行审判室。
The public are the best judges. 公众是最好的裁判。
十四、定语从句的关系代词做主语
定语从句的关系代词做主语，谓语动词的数与先行词一致。注意：“one of +复数名词+定语从句”中，从句谓语用复数，但若one前有the (only)时，从句谓语动词用单数。如：
Tom is one of the students who were late this morning. 汤姆是今天早上迟到的那些学生中的一个。
Tom is the only one of the students who was late this morning. 在这些学生中汤姆是今天早上唯一迟到的人。
十五、强调结构中的主谓一致
在强调结构(it is…that…)中，若强调的是主语，that后面的谓语动词与被强调部分一致。例如：It is I that am his English teacher. 我就是他的英语老师。
十六、倒装结构中的主谓一致
在“副词here, there, now, then, up, down, in, out, away, such等、作状语或表语的介词短语或分词短语＋谓语动词＋主语”的倒装结构中，谓语动词的数由动词后面的主语决定。如：
On the wall hang two maps. 墙上挂着两张地图。
On the wall hangs a world of map. 墙上挂着一张世界地图。
十七、there b e结构中的主谓一致
在there be…结构中，若be后有两个或者几个名词并列时，be用单数还是用复数，也由与be靠得最近的那个名词的数来决定。如：
There is a bus stop close to the school. 在学校附近有一个公共汽车站。
There is a pen, a ruler and two books on the desk. 桌上有一支钢笔，一把直尺和两本书。
高考真题训练
2005年
1.（山东卷）35.The country life he was used to ______ greatly since 199
2.
A. change
B. has changed
C. changing
D. have changed
2.（上海卷）31. Professor Smith, along with his assistants,______ on the project day and night to meet the deadline.
A. work
B. working
C. is working
D. are working
3.（辽宁卷）21．Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, _________ in the clothing industry.
A．is working B．works C．work D．worked
BCC
2006年
1.A poet and artist ________ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.（2006年江苏高考）
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
2.Most of what has been said about the Smiths also true of the Johnsons．（安徽）A．are B．is C．being D．to be
3.The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third _______ used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long.（浙江）
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
答案：ABD
2007年
100. We live day by day, but in the great things, the time of days and weeks _______ so small that a day is unimportant. [湖南卷]
A. is
B. are
C. has been
D. have been
101. A survey of the opinions of experts ___that three hours of outdoor exercise a week ____good for one’s health. [江西卷]
A. show; are
B. shows; is
C. show; is
D. shows; are
【Key】100—101 AB
1.可数名词单数形式作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例句：
This shirt is too small.这件衬衫太小了。
The fountain-pen is not mine.这支自来水笔不是我的。
2.不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例句：
Money doesn't always bring happiness.金钱并不总是带来幸福。
Water is changed into steam by heat.水加热就会变成蒸气。
3.单个的专有名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例句：
The People's Republic of China was founded in 1949.中华人民共和国成立于1949年。
Shanghai is the biggest city in China.上海是中国最大的城市。
4.单数第三人称代词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例句：
Does she come from Japan?她来自日本吗？
My sister often writes to me.我姐姐经常给我写信。
5.某些集体名词作主语，并且表示一个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式。例句：
The Chinese football team has played very well.中国足球队踢得非常好。
His family is a big one.他家人口多。
如果就其中一个成员来说，谓语动词用复数形式。
The family were out.全家人都出去了。
6.表示单一概念的、成对的名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例句：
Bread and butter is my favourite food.涂奶油的面包是我最爱吃的食物。
All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只工作不玩耍，杰克会变傻。
7.表示"时间"、"金钱"、"距离"、"重量"、"容量"的名词的复数作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例句：
Thirty years is a long time.三十年是一段很长的时间。
Twenty dollars is not dear.二十美元不算贵。
8.像maths,news,physics等表示单数概念复数形式的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例句：
Maths is not easy.数学不容易。(表示学科时，谓语动词用单数)
如果表示运用这门学科的具体实例时，谓语动词要用复数形式。
Athletics were held every month.每个月都举行体育比赛。
The news is very exciting.这消息非常激动人心。
9.由and连接的两个或两个以上的词、短语及句子作主语，并且表示单一概念时，谓语动词要用单数形式。例句：
The poet and writer left.那位诗人作家走了。(指同一个人)
如果两个单数名词前都有no,every,many等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式。
No boy and no girl is going.男孩和女孩都不去。
10."the＋形容词"变成名词化的形容词，表示一种抽象的概念或品质，这种结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例句：
The beautiful is not always the useful.好看的未必实用。
The true is too cruel.事实太残酷了。
11.动词不定式、动词V-ing形式和从句作主语时，往往表达一种抽象的概念，谓语动词用单数形式。例句：
To learn English well is very important for us.学好英语对我们来说是非常重要的。
Driving cars is difficult.开汽车是困难的。
How to do it well is an important question.如何把这件事做好是个重要问题。
12.代词each,either,neither和由some,any,not,every构成的复合代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例句：
Each has his merits.各有所长。
Neither is correct.两个都不对。
Nobody knows where she lives.没有人知道她住哪里。
Something is wrong with the recorder.录音机出毛病了。
13."more than one＋可数名词单词"和"many a＋可数名词单数"结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例句：
More than one week has passed already.不止一周过去了。
Many a way has been tried.已经试过许多办法了。
14.当主语是单数，且后面有with,together with,as well as,along with,but,except等引起的短语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。例句：
The teacher with his students is playing football now.老师和他的学生们一起在踢足球。
Nothing but a desk and a few books is in the classroom.除了一张桌子和几本书，教室里什么也没有。
15.数词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。例句：
Seven and two is nine.七加二等于九。
"5430456"is the telephone number of my family."5430456"是我家的电话号码。
16."the number of＋名词复数"作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例句：
The number of the students in our class is fifty.我们班上学生人数是50人。
The number of books sold every day is large.每天售出的书籍数量很大。
17.某些形复意单的名词，包括有成双部分的工具、衣物等名词作主语，并用a pair of 等量词修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式。例句：
This pair of trousers is red.这条裤子是红色的。
That pair of scissors is not mine.那把剪刀不是我的。
主谓一致 姓 名：****** 班 级：英教七 班 学 号：********** “一致”指句子成分之间或词语之间在语法形式上的协调关系。 主谓一致指主语和谓语动词之间在“人称”和“数”的方面的一致关系，这又叫“主—动一致”。 1. 指导原则 三种不同的原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近原则 1）语法一致 主语和谓语动词之间的一致关系主要表现在“数”的形式上，即用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致。
如果名词中心词是复数，动词就该用复数形式；如果名词中心词不是复数，而是单数名词或不可数名词，动词便使用单数形式。这种一致关系叫做“语法一致”。 Both boys have their own merits（优点）. Few students are really lazy. Many people want to go. Two girls were standing on the corner. Each boy has his own book. Either answer is correct. Much effort is wasted. 2）意义一致和就近原则 有时，主语和谓语动词的一致关系并非取决于语法上的单、复数形式，而是取决于主语的单、复数意义： 比如有时主语在语法形式上并非复数，但有复数意义，随后的动词便用复数； 反之，主语在语法形式上是复数，而在意义上可视为单数，随后的动词也用单数。 这种一致关系叫做意义一致。 The government have asked the country to decide by a vote. Fifteen miles seems like a long walk to me. Fifty-six dollars was stolen from the cash register（现金出纳机）. 有时，谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语（主要指名词）的单、复数形式，这种一致关系所依据的原则叫做“就近原则”。Either my brothers or my father is coming. Only one out of five were present. No one except his own supporters agree with him. Neither Julia nor I am going. 2. 以-s 结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题
主谓一致 使用主谓一致时，必须遵循三个原则，即语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。 一、当单数可数名词、不可数名词、复合不定代词、单个不定式（疑问词＋不定式）、动名词或主语从句以及表示“时间、价值、重量、距离、书名、影片名称”等名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。例如： The curtains are closed and the living room is dark when Mom and Dad enter. Visiting a place like this is always very interesting. Why pleasant smells do not reduce pain in men is a question still to be answered by scientists. 二、all（some, a lot, plenty, any, part, the rest, most等）＋of＋名词作主语以及分数、百分数构成短语作主语时，谓语动词单复数形式取决于of后的名词或代词。表示复数概念用复数；表示单数概念用单数。例如： As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area need repairing. One study says that 90% of our time is spent watching television
or using computers. While the rest of the passengers were getting out, she glanced at the faces around her. 三、在“名词/代词＋介宾结构＋谓语＋…”结构中，谓语动词与名词/代词保持一致，介宾结构看作插入成分。该结构中的常见介词及介词短语有with, together with, along with, as well as, like, but, except, besides, including等。例如： Healthy eating along with regular exercise is probably the only way to become fit. Nobody but Tom and his father has ever been there. 四、a number of / a group of / a variety of / a total of 等构成短语作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；而the number of / the group of / the variety of / the total of 等构成短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： The low number of attacks that happen every year proves that sharks do not feed on humans if they have the choice. Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, work in the clothing industry. 五、quality / pair / amount等构成短语作主语时，谓语动词根据
主谓一致揭秘 英语中的谓语在人称、数及意义等方面要与主语的名词或代词以及相当于名词的词保持一致，叫做主谓一致。英语中的主谓一致须遵循一系列规则，包括语法一致、意义一致和就近原则。语法一致指的是语法形式一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。如：The boys are playing football .He reads English every morning .意义一致是指主语有时形式为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词依意义而定也采用复数形式。反之，主语形式上是复数，但意义是单数，谓语动词依意义而定也采用单数形式。如：People are talking about the news . Politics is taught in all middle schools. 就近原则是指谓语动词的单复数与最近的主语保持一致。Not only you but also he is wrong . 主谓一致情况复杂，但用途广泛，几乎时时刻刻都离不开。学生在学习时往往感到渺茫，感到“头痛”。因此，我们将主谓一致整合梳理，按担当主语的词，词组和句子分类学习，这样会让学生感到“山重水复疑无路，柳暗花明又一村”。 一、名词作主语 1、部分集体名词，如police，cattle，people等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 例：The police are searching the house . 2、部分集体名词，如family，team，class，army，enemy，audience，company，government，group，commitee等作主语时，若作为一整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式；如就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数。 例：（1）My family is a happy one. (2 ) The whole family are having lunch. 3、一些形式上是复数而意义上是单数的名词，如glasses,scissors,trousers等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 例：My glasses are very beautiful.但是前用a pair of来修饰时，动词应用单数形式。 例：This pair of scissors is made in Shanghai. 4、一些以—ics结尾的表学科的名称词，如politics,economics,physics,mathmatics等形式上是复数，意义上则是单数，动词用单数。例：Physics is difficult to me. 5、若名词词组中心词是表示度量、时间、价格、距离等复数名词时，根据意义一致原则，谓语动词一般用单数形式。例：Ten years has passed since then. 6、一本书、一个组织、一国家的名称或一句格言作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 例：(1) The United Nations is an international organization. (2) "The pride goes before a fall" is his motto. (3) "The Aribian Nights" is a very interesting story-book. 7、单复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词根据意义一致原则决定单复数。如sheep,deer,works,means,species,Chinese,Japanese等。 例：(1) The deer is drinking water. (2) These deer are playing. 8、如果主语前有many a，more than one修饰，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词仍用单数形式。 例：(1) Many a student has read the book. (2) More than one person is involved in the case.
主谓一致用法总结 I.主谓一致定义 II.谓语受主语支配，和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这叫做主谓一致。 III.例: My favorite food is noodles. II. 主谓一致的重要原则 ?语法原则 ?意义原则 ?就近一致 （一）语法一致 IV.顾名思义，即谓语在语法角度上与主语保持一致，不考虑主语的意义。 V.以单数名词或代词，动词不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时，谓语用复数。例如： 注意：不定式及动名词作主语时，谓语 动词单数。E.g. 2) 由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如： Both you and he are right. Mr. and Mrs. Brown have a son called Tom. 但并列主语如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。例如：The poet and writer has written lots of books. The poet and the writer have come. 可通过名词前定冠词来判断。 3) 由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如： Now every man and every woman has the right to receive education. 4) 主语后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with ，together with 等介词短语时，谓语动词仍用与主语（即前面的词语）保持一致。例如： The teacher with his students is going to have a picnic in the park. The students with the teacher are going to have a picnic in the park. Nobody but two boys was late for class. 5) 集合名词作主语谓语动词要用复数。 如people, police, cattle, clothes等。 集合名词指可用来指称一群对象的词语，这些对象可以是人、动物、或是一群概念等事物。 常见集合名词：people, police, cattle, goods, clothes等。 e.g. The police are looking for him. ?有些集合名词如class, team, group, family 根据其表达意义不同，单复数用法也不同。
主谓一致是指句中的主语和谓语的致。我们一般遵从三个原则： 1、语法一致的原则： 语法一致的原则是指主语为单数或复数时，其谓语动词要与其相呼应。但我们要注意一些特殊情况； 1）以along with, together with, with, as well as, accompanied by, rather than, but, except 连接的两个主语，其谓语的单复数以第一个主语为主。例如： Several passengers, together with the driver, were hurt. 2）表示时间，重量，长度，价格等的复数名词，作主语从整体来看时，谓语动词用单数。例如： Fifty years is not a long time. 3）非谓语动词，从句或其他短语作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。 例如： Early to bed and early to rise is healthful. 4）如果主语是由and连接的两个单数名词，但前面有each, every, no 等词修饰时，谓语用单数。例如： Every boy and girl in this region is taught to read and write. 2、意义一致的原则： 意义一致的原则指谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的概念，而不取决于表面的语法标志，主要表现为某些集体名词后可跟动词单数或复数。如果这些集体名词指整体概念时，谓语动词用单数；指具体成员时用复数。例如： The population of the earth is increasing very fast. 类似这样的集体名词有： family, class, audience, committee （委员会）, crowd, crew, group, party, population, team, public, council （理事会）, village等。 3、就近原则： 所谓就近原则是指谓语动词单复数取决于离它最近的词语，而无须考虑其他的词。 1）以either…or, or, neither…nor和not only…but also连接的两个主语，其谓语的单复数形式应与离谓语最近的主语保持一致。例如： Either you or he has to go there with me. 2）由there或here引起的主语，而又不止是一个时，采取就近原则。例如： Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you. 主谓一致的测试热点 1．由many a 或more than + 单数名词作主语时，其谓语用单数形式。 Many a foreigner has been to the Great Wall. More than one student has visited the exhibition. 2．“……的几分之几”和“……的百分之几”作主语时，其谓语用单数或复数取决于of 后的名词。 Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea. 40 percent of the students in our class are girls. 3．“a number of + 名词复数”作主语，谓语用复数； “the number of + 名词复数”作主语，谓语用单数。 A number of pupils like reading picture-books. The number of the students in our class is 55.
第三讲主谓一致（二） 3.1 以并列结构作主语的主谓一致问题 （1）由“and / both…and”连接的并列主语 ①如果意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。理解 ②如果不是指两个或两个以上的人或物，而是表示单数意义，则动词用单数。（请给出更多的例子，如刀叉，黄油和面包之类）。 ③省略结构形似单数，而意义为复数，随后的动词用复数。理解 ④当“and”连接的并列名词词组带有“each , every , many a”等限定词时，随后的动词通常用单数。理解 （2）由“or , nor , either…or , neither…nor , not only…but also”连接的并列结构作主语，随后的动词形式通常按照“就近原则”处理。（小字部分的①不太懂，应该如何分辨什么时候是非正式语体） （3）当主语后面有“as much as , rather than , more than , no less than”等引导的从属结构时，随后的动词形式依主语本身的单复数而定。理解 （4）当主语后面跟有由“as well as , in addition to , with , along with, together with , except”等引导的词组时，其后的动词形式也取决于主体本身的形式。理解 3.2 以表示数量概念的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题 （1）以表示确定数量的名词词组作主语 ①如果数量概念被看作整体，动词用单数，反之则复数。理解 ②如果作主语的名词词组是由“分数或百分数+ of-词组”构成，其动词形式依“of-”词组中名词类别而定。理解 ③两数相减或相除，动词用单数；相加或相乘，动词用单复数均可。理解 ④如果主语由“one in / one out of + 复数名词”构成，在正式语体中动词用单数，在非正式语体中，动词也可按“就近原则”用复数。（什么时候是非正式语体） （2）以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语 ①如果主语是“all of… , some of… , none of… , half of… , most of…”等表示非确定数量的名词词组，其后的动词形式依“of-”词组中的名词类别而定。理解 ②如果主语是由“lots of . heaps of , loads of , scads of , plenty of + 名词”构成，表示“许许多多”等概念时，随后动词的单复数形式也以“of-”词组中名词类别定。理解 ③如果主语是由“a portion of , a series of , a pile of , a panel of + 名词”构成，不管名词类别为何，动词通常用单数。理解 ④如果主语是由“限定词+ kind / type / sort of + 名词”构成，随后的动词形式的三条规则。理解 ⑤如果主语是由“many a + 名词”或“more than one + 名词”构成，其意义虽属多数，但随后的动词仍遵循“语法一致”原则，用单数。理解 ⑥如果主语由“an average of / a majority of + 复数名词”构成，而且明确表示多数个体概念，随后的动词用复数，反之则用单数。（什么叫多数个体概念） 3.3 其他方面的主谓一致问题 （1）以名词性分句作主语的主谓一致问题 ①由“wh-”词引导的名词性分句作主语，其后的动词通常用单数。理解 ②两个由“and”连接的并列名词性分句作主语，如果主语表示两件事情，动词用复数。如何看其表示的是不是两件事情。 ③在以“what-”分句作主语的SVC结构中，如果主句补语是复数名词，主句谓语动词可用复数。如果不是SVC结构，其余结构情况如何。
主谓一致：谓语动词和主语在人称和数保持一致。 Q1:在一个句子中，什么是主语？什么是谓语？ 例子：1.The boy is cute. 2.My father likes reading. 3.His brothers are reading books. 4.The children often play football. 请在上面的句子中画出主语和谓语。 【知识点一】谓语动词用单数情况：be(is/isn’t/was/wasn’t)；实义动词在一般现在时中用三单。 （一）主语为第三人称单数： Tom ______ (be) a good student. Sally_______ (run) fastest of all. （二）主语是由some, any, no, every 与one, body, thing 组成不定代词。 Everyone___________ (like) taking exercise. （三）主语是不可数名词： Some water __________ (be) in the bottle. （四）主语为one of+名词复数，“.....之一” One of the runners_________(be)from Class One. （五）主语为the number of+名词复数，“....的数目”或者much The number of students in our school ________(be)1,000. There ________(be) much milk. （六）主语为maths/physics(物理)等以-s结尾的名词，不表示复数意义，谓语用单数。 Maths_________(be) an important subject. （七）主语表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算，谓语用单数。 1. Two months ________(be) a long holiday. 2. Twenty dollars____________ (be) is too expensive for the book. 3. Twenty pounds ________（is / are）not so heavy. 4. Ten miles ________（is / are）not a long distance. 5. Five minus four ________（is / are）one. （八）each, either, neither作主语，谓语用单数。 1. Each of them _________ (have) an English book. 2.Either of them _________ (have) an English book. 3.Neither of them _________ (have) an English book. （九）more than one + 单数名词作主语，谓语用单数，“不止一个” More than one student ________（has / have）ever been to Beijing.
主谓一致问题： 动名词短语,不定式短语, 名次性从句作主语, 谓语用单数 Doing this is not very easy. To do this alone is not possible. That he is honest is known to all. 主语带有together/along with, such as, as well as, accompanied by, including, rather than 等附加成分, 谓语的数不受附加成分的影响; My father, together with his wife and son, is going to visit China. 表示时间,距离,金额, 重量, 面积, 体积, 容积等度量的名词短语作主语时, 谓语用单数 Ten dollars is not too much. 下面用and连接的主语表示一个概念, 谓语用单数: law and order法制 a cup and saucer 茶杯碟子
the needle and thread 针线 horse and carriage马车 bread and butter奶油面包 soap and water肥皂水 fork and knife刀叉 trial and error反复尝试, 不断摸索 time and tide岁月 the ebb and flow盛衰, 潮涨潮落 某些固定结构中谓语的数 many a(each/every)( more than one)+ 单数名词, 谓语用单数 the number of(neither/either of)( one and a half)+ 复数名词, 谓语用单数 1. If law and order ___ not preserved, neither the citizen nor his property is safe. A. is B. are C. was D. were 2. how close parents are to their children __ a strong influence on the character of the children.
主谓一致 在英语中，要特别注意句子中的谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致。我们称之为“主谓一致”。例如：I am a student and my mother is a teacher. 我是个学生，我妈妈是名教师。 I go to school and my mother goes to work every day. 每天，我去上学，我妈妈去工作。 Ⅰ、并列结构作主语时与谓语的一致关系 一、由and连接主语时可分为下列四种情况： 1) 主语A，B表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数形式。 例如：Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students. 李明和张华是好学生。 Both the parents and the children are here. 父母和孩子们都在这里 Listening, speaking, reading and writing are all important. 听、说、读、写都很重要。 注意：both A and B作主语。谓语动词用复数。 2）主语A．B表示同一个人、物或概念时谓语动词用单数形式。 例如：Ａjournalist and author lives in the sixth flat. 一个新闻记者兼作家的人住在第六层。 注意：同一个人只能用一个冠词，如果是不同的两个人就要用两个冠词。 例如：A boy and a girl are playing tennis. 一个男孩和一个女孩正在打网球。 3）主语A，B之前有each ．every，many a，no等修饰语时谓语动词用单数。 Each boy and each girl is invited. 每一个男孩和每一个女孩都受到了邀请。 Every boy and girl is invited. 所有的男孩和女孩都被邀请。 No boy and no girl is there now. 现在那儿没有任何男孩和女孩。
高一英语“主谓一致”用法归纳 一、基本概念 所谓一致关系(Agreement)就是在英语句子中各个成分之间必须在人称、数、性等方面要保持一定的语法关系。在英语中最主要的一致关系是主语与谓语动词之间的一致。在判断一个句子主语、谓语是否一致时，要遵循下列三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。一般来说，主语的单复数形式决定着谓语动词需要采用的单复数形式。比较：The student studies very hard.这个学生学习非常努力。The students study very hard.这些学生学习非常努力。 主谓一致的原则说起来简单，但在实际使用中遇到的情况要复杂很多。在处理主谓一致的问题时，可依据上面提到的三个原则。“语法一致”也就是平常说的从语法形式上取得一致，即主语为单数形式，谓语动词亦用单数形式。“意义一致”就是从意义着眼来处理主谓语一致问题。有时，主语形式为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词依意义而定，也采用复数形式。“就近原则”是指谓语动词的人称和数往往和其最近的主语保持一致。 二、基本用法 1.集合名词与谓语动词的一致 集合名词作主语，如果表示整体概念，谓语动词用单数形式；如果强调其成员，则用复数形式。常用的集合名词有： army,audience,class,club,committee,company,couple,crowd,family,flock,group,government,j-ury, majority,minority,organization,party,personnel,publ-ic,staff,team,union等。 The football team are discussing the problem with the coach now. 足球队员们现在正在与教练讨论这个问题。 The police have caught the criminal.警察已经逮捕了那个罪犯。 The majority were/was for the proposal.大多数人赞同这个提议。 Only a minority of students receive the scholarship.只有少数学生获得了奖学金。 【注意】 （1）有些有生命的集合名词作主语时，谓语动词只用复数。这样的名词常用的有：cattle,people,police,folk等。 The cattle are grazing in the fields.牛在田里吃草。 （2）无生命的集合名词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。这样的名词常用的有:clothing,furniture,machinery,jewellery等。 Warm clothing is necessary in cold climates.气候寒冷的地方需要暖和的衣服。 All the furniture has been moved to another room. 所有家具已经搬到了另一个房间里。 2.由either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but(also)...连接的两个名词或代词作主语时，主谓一致遵循就近原则，即谓语动词应与最近的一个主语的人称和数保持一致。 Either he or I am wrong.不是他错就是我错。 Not only the students but(also) the teacher is active in sports and games.不但学生，就连老师都积极参加体育运动。 Does neither the teacher nor the students know this matter? 教师和学生都不知道这件事吗？ 【经典回放】 Either you or one of your students ______ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
个性化课程辅导教案 学员姓名科目年级课时进度：授课时间课时3课时授课老师 教学课题第六讲主谓一致 教学 目标 重点 难点 教学内容第一部分：以思维导图复习近期知识重难点 第二部分：本次课主要内容 Part One广东中考主谓一致考纲解读 考点分析 考试说明 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。主谓一致主要遵循四大原则：语法一致原则；意义一致原则；就近原则；就远原则。近年来考试题型主要有单项选择‘语法填空等。其中就近原则考查最多。 考点分析考点热度语法一致☆☆☆ 意义一致☆☆☆ 就近原则☆☆☆☆☆
Part Two三年中考解密 1.---Which would you like,tea or coffee? ---Either______ok,but I prefer coffee_______milk. A.is;has B.are;with C.is;with D.are;has 2.There______many small things we can do to make the world a better place. A.are B.is C.have D.has 3.---Do you need more time to complete the task? ---Yes.Another ten days______enough. A.is B.are C.was D.were 4.The child without parents______good care of by his teachers in this special school. A.is taken B.are taken C.take D.takes 5.Not only my friends but also I_________interested in football and Messi is our favorite star. A.be B.am C.is D.are 6.Either Ted or Bob_______good enough to be a member of the school team. A.is B.are C.become D.were 7.--Both Li Lei and Han Meimei______fond of the TV program A Bite of China. --I am also deeply moved by its stories. A.is B.am C.was D.were 8.Thanks to the organization,some money______given to the poor children. A.was B.were C.are D.has 9.Look,the set of keys______on the teachers' desk. A.are B.were C is D.was 10.This pair of shoes_________me well,but the shoes______expensive. A.fit;are B.fits;are C.fits;is D.fit;is 11.Climbing hills______good for our health. A.are B.is C.was D.were 12.The population of China_____over 1.3 billion and China has bigger population than_____in the world. A.is;any country B.is;any other country C.are;the other countries D.are;any other countries 13.---What are you going to do this weekend? ---I together with my classmates_____going to climb Mount Qian.
主谓一致 1．语法形式上的一致。主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。 如： Jane and Mary look healthy and strong. The number of mistakes was surprising. 2．意义上一致 1) 主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。单数形式表示复数意义的词有people, police, cattle, militia等。 如：The crowd were running for their lives. 2)主语形式为复数而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数。形复意单的单词有news, works(工厂)和一些以-ics 结尾的学科名称，如physics, politics, mathematics等。 如：The news was very exciting. 3．就近原则。即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。如用连词or, either…or, neither...nor, not only…but also等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。 如：Either your students or Mr. Wang knows this. 4．应注意的几个问题 A) 名词作主语 1) 某些集体名词(如family, team等)作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式；如果就其中一个个成员来说，谓语动词用复数形式。这类名词有：audience, class, club, committee, company, crew, crowd, enemy, government, group, party, public, team, etc. 如：The whole family are watching TV. His family is going to have a long journey. 名词population一词的使用情况跟上述类似。 如：The population in China is very large, and eighty percent of the population in China are farmers. “a group(crowd)of+复数名词”等短语之后的谓语动词也同样可用单数或复数，前者强调整体，后者强调各个部分。 2) 某些集体名词(如people, police, cattle, militia等)只当复数看待，谓语动词必须用复数。 如：The police are searching for him. 3) 单、复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。 如：A sheep is over there. Some sheep are over there. 4) 名词所有格之后的名词被省略的情况一般只指商店、工场、住宅等，作主语时，动词一般用单数。如：My Uncle\'s is not far from here. The doctor\'s is on the side of the street. 常见的省略名词有：the baker’s, the barber’s, the carpenter’s, the Zhang’s. 表示店铺的名词一般作集体名词看待，但用作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数。 如：Richardson’s have a lot of leather goods to sell. 5) 当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时，往往能够根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语用单数形式。 如：Five minutes is enough to do this exercise. The Selected Poems of Li Bai was published long ago. Three years has passed. 6)不定代词each, every, no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多个并列主语，谓语动词仍用单数形式。如：Each boy and each girl wants to serve the people in the future.
主谓一致 杂。这是因为在不同情况下，处理这一问题所依据的原则各不相同。就其在现代语法中的基本原则而言，通常有三个不同角度的着眼点：1、语法一致2、意义一致3、就近原则。 主谓一致的原则是指，主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致：主语是单数形式，谓语也采取单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语亦采取复数形式。例如： A grammar book helps you learn something about the rules of a language. （主语是单数形式，谓语也采取单数形式） 语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则。 Grammar books help you learn something about the rules of a language. （主语是复数形式，谓语也采取复数形式） 语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则。 主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致的问题远不只上述的那么简单，有许多方面的情况需要去具体地对待： 1. 不定式、动名词、以及从句作主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。例如：Reading often means learning .读书常意味是学习。 To read English aloud every morning does you a lot of good.每天早晨朗读英语有许多好处。 What he said has been recorded .他说的话已被录音了。 2. 不定代词one, every, each, everybody, everyone, one of, no one, nothing, nobody, someone, somebody, either, neither, many a 等作主语或是修饰主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。例如： Neither of my sisters likes sports .我的妹妹中没人喜欢运动。 Many a student takes a walk on campus after dinner.许多学生晚饭后常在校园里散步。 Every boy and girl shows great interest in extra-curriculum activities .每个男孩和女孩对课外活动都表现出很大的兴趣。 3. 表示国家、机构、事件、作品等名称的专有名词作主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。例如： One Thousand And One Nights tells people lots of mysterious bits of folklore . 《一千零一夜》给人们讲了许多神秘的民间传说。 The United States is leading the world in science and technology . 美国常在世界科技方面领先。 The United Nations play an important role in the international affairs . 联合国在国际事务中起着重要作用。 4. a portion, a series of, a kind of, the number of等与名词构成名词短语作主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。例如： A series of high technology products has been laid out in the exhibition. 一