高级英语第二册修辞
Lesson 1
1The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks,or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.—metaphor
2They are like the musketeers of Dumas who,although they lived side by side with each other,did not delve into,each other’s lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings.—simile
3It was on such an occasion te other evening,as the conversation moved desultorily here and there,from the most commonplace to thoughts of Jupiter,without and focus and with no need for one that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place,and all at once there was a focus.—metaphor
4The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock,and its seeds multiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth.—simile
5Even with the most educated and the most literate,the King’s English slips and slides in conversation.—metaphor ,alliteration
6When E.M.Forster writes of “the sinister corridor of our age,”we sit up at the vividness of the phrase,the force and even terror in the image.—metaphor
7. I have an unending love affair with dictionaries. Metaphor, personification
8. Perhaps above all, one would not have been engaged by interest in the musketeer who raised the
subject, wondering more about her. Metaphor
9. and no one has any idea where the conversation will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows. Metaphor
10 The conversation is on the wings. Metaphor
11. They did not delve into each other’s lives or the recesses of t heir thoughts and feelings. Metaphor
12. The glow of the conversation burst into flames.Metaphor
Lesson2
1 The little crowd of mourners –all men and boys,no women—threaded their way across the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels,wailing a short chant over and over again.—elliptical sentence
2 A carpenter sits-cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe,turning chair-legs at lightning speed.—,transferred epithet
3 Still,a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—synecdoche
4 As the storks flew northward the Negroes were marching southward—a long,dusty column,infantry,screw-gun batteries,antitheft more infantry,four or five thousand men in all,winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.—onomatopoetic words symbolism
5 Not hostile,not contemptuous,not sullen,not even inquisitive.—elliptical sentence
6 And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column,a mile or two miles of armed men,flowing peacefully up the road,while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction,glittering like scraps of paper.—simile
7 … there was a frenzied rush of Jews, many of them old grandfathers with flowing grey beards,
all clamoring for a cigarette. Transferred epithet
8. four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of
iron wheels. Onomatopoeia
9. Are they really the same flesh as your self? Do they even have names? Or are they merely a kind of undifferentiated brown stuff, about as individual as bees or coral insects?Rhetorical question
10. Long lines of women, bent double like inverted capital Ls, work their way slowly across the fields. Simile
11. Sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers, like clouds of flies.
simile
Lesson 3
1Let the word go forth from this time and place,to friend and foe alike,that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans,born in this century,tempered by war,disciplined by a hard and bitter peace,proud of our ancient heritage,and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of these human rights to which this nation has always been committed,and to which we are committed today at home and around the world.—alliteration
2Let every nation know,whether it wishes us well or ill,that we shall pay any price,bear any burden,meet any hardship,support any friend,oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty.—parataxis consonance
3United,there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures.Divided,there is little we can do,for we dare not meet a power full challenge at odds and split asunder.—antithesis
4…in the past,those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.—metaphor
5Let us never negotiate out of fear,but let us never fear to negotiate.—regression
6All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—historical allusion,climax
7And so,my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you;ask what you can do for your country.—contrast, winding
8. Together let us explore the stars, conquer the deserts, eradicate disease, tap the ocean depths and encourage the arts and commerce. Parallelism
9. We shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe
to assure the survival and the success of liberty. Parallelism (or parallel structure) and Alliteration
10. And if a beachhead of co-operation my push back the jungle of suspicion, let both sides join
in creating a new endeavor. Metaphor
11 We observe today not a victory of part but a celebration of freedom, symbolizing an end as well
as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as a change. Parallelism (or parallel structure)
12. Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that …Alliteration
13. But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers. metaphor
14. Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which
divide us. antithesis
15. For only when our arms are sufficient beyond doubt can we be certain beyond doubt that they will never be employed. repetition
Lesson 4
1Charles Lamb,as merry and enterprising a fellow as you will meet in a month of Sundays,unfettered the informal essay with his memorable Old Chi na and Dream’s Children.—metaphor
2Read,then,the following essay which undertakes to demonstrate that logic,far from being a dry,pedantic discipline,is a living,breathing thing,full of beauty,passion,and trauma.—metaphor,hyperbole
3Back and forth his head swiveled,desire waxing,resolution waning.—antithesis
4What’s Polly to me,or me to Polly?—parody
5This loomed as a project of no small dimensions,and at first I was tempted to give her back to Petey.==understatement
6Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind,a few embers still smoldered.Maybe somehow I could fan them into flame.—metaphor,extended metaphor
7. I said with a mysterious wink and closed my bag and left. Transferred epithet
8. There follows an informal essay that ventures even beyond Lamb’s f rontier. metaphor
9. After all, surgeons have X-rays to guide them during an operation, lawyers have briefs to guide
them during a grail, metonymy
10. In fact, she veered in the opposite direction. understatement
11. but I was not one to let my heart rule my head. M etonymy
12. You are guilty of Post Hoc if you blame Eula Becker for the rain. M etonymy
13. Otherwise you have committed a Dicto Simpliciter. M etonymy
14. It is, after all, easier to make a beautiful dumb girl smart than to make an ugly smart girl
beautiful. Antithesis
15. Look at me --- a brilliant student, a tremendous intellectual, a man with an assured future. Look
at Petey --- a knot-head, a jitterbug, a guy who’ll never know where his next meal is coming from.Antithesis
16. There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear.Synecdoche
17. Could Carlyle do more? Could Ruskin? Rhetorical question
18. I cited instances, pointed out flaws, kept hammering away without let-up. It was
like digging a tunnel. Simile
19. My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist’s scales, as
penetrating as a scalpel.Simile and Hyperbole
20. My brain, that precision instrument, slipped into high gear. metaphor
21. It is not often that one so young has such a giant intellect. Hyperbole
Lesson 5
1The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged and curious questionings by the young:”.—transferred epithet
2Second,in the United States it was reluctantly realized by some—subconsciously if not openly—that our country was no longer isolated in either politics or tradition and that we had reached an international stature that would forever prevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincial morality or the geographical protection of our two bordering oceans.—metaphor
3War or no war,as the generations passed,it became increasingly difficult for our young people to accept standards of behavior that bore no relationship to the bustling business medium in which they were expected to battle for success.—metaphor
4The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure,—metaphor
5The prolonged stalemate of 1915-1916,the increasing insolence of Germany toward the United States,and our official reluctance to declare our status as a belligerent were intolerable to many of our idealistic citizens,and with typical American adventurousness enhanced somewhat by the strenuous jingoism of Theodore Roosevelt,our young men began to enlist under foreign flags.—metonymy
6After the war,it was only natural that hopeful young writers,their minds and pens inflamed against war,Babbittry,and”Puritanical”gentility,should flock to the traditional artistic center(where living was still cheap in 1919)to pour out their new-found creative strength,to tear down the old world, to flout ht morality of their grandfathers,and to give all to art,love,and sensation.—metonymy
7Younger brothers and sisters of the war generation,who had been playing with marbles and dolls during the battles of Belleau Wood and Chateau-Thierry,and who had suffered no real disillusionment or sense of loss,now began to imitate the manners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion.—metaphor
8These defects would disappear if only creative art were allowed to show the way to better things,but since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of the dollar,there was little remedy for the sensitive mind but to emigrate to Europe where”they do things better.”—personification,metonymy ,synecdoche
9. The important book rather grandiosely entitled Civilization in the United States, was the rallying
point of sensitive persons disgusted with America. metaphor
10. Their very homes were often uncomfortable to them; they had outgrown town and
Families.... metaphor
11. Since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of the dollar, there was little remedy for… Metonymy and Personification
12. Before long the movement had become officially recognized by the pulpit which denounced it. Metonymy
13. until the crash of the world economic structure at the end of the decade called the party to a
halt and… metaphor
Lesson 6
1The condescending view from the fiftieth floor of the city’s crow ds below cuts these people off from humanity.—transferred epithet
2So much of well-to-do America now lives antiseptically in enclaves, tranquil and luxurious, that shut out the world.—synecdoche, metaphor
3Sitcoms cloned and canned in Hollywood — alliteration; metaphor
4Tin Pan Alley .— metonymy
5New York was never Mecca to me. .— metonymy; metaphor
6Nature constantly yields to man in New York .— personification
7So does an attitude which sees the public only in terms of large, malleable numbers .—as impersonally as does the clattering subway turnstile beneath the office towers. .—simile;
onomatopoeia
8Those paintings don’t sell do illustrations; those who can’t get acting jobs do commercials;
those who are writing ambitious novels sustain themselves on the magazines — parallelism 9“So what else is new?” .— rhetorical question
10The defeated are not hidden away somewhere else on the wrong side of town .— euphemism 11All have their little sovereignties, all are sizable enough to be….. .— metaphor
12Characteristically, the city swallows up the United Nations and refuses to take it seriously .—personification
Lesson 10
1. The defeated are not hidden away somewhere else on the wrong side of the town.
2. His choice of a vocation does not cause him any uneasy wonderas to whether or not it will cost him all his friends. Transferred epithet
Simile
and as persistent—as rain, snow, taxes or businessmen
It is as though he suddenly came out of a dark tunnel and found himself beneath the open sky. Metaphor
his props have all been knocked out from under him
armed with two Bessie Smith records …
accept my role in the extraordinary drama which is America…
when he has made his first breakthrough, has simply won a crucial skirmish in … unpredictable battle.
It is not until he is released from the habit of flexing his muscles…
an American writer fights his way to one of the lowest rungs…
to step out of that lukewarm bath…
Even the most incorrigible maverick has to be born somewhere.
An American writer fights his way to one of the lowest rungs on the American social ladder. Simile明喻Metaphor暗喻
Alliteration头韵法
Antithesis 对照，对比，对偶
Transferred Epithet 移就
Metonymy 借喻，转喻Synecdoche 提喻
Synaesthesia通感
Personification 拟人
Hyperbole 夸张
Parallelism 排比
Euphemism 委婉语
Repetition重复
Irony 讽刺，反语
Pun 双关
Rhetorical question 修辞疑问
Oxymoron 矛盾修饰法
Climax 渐进法，层进法
Anticlimax 渐降法
Onomatopoeia 拟声
Allusion 隐喻
Antonomasia 换称
《高级英语》修辞分析及参考答案 1. But we shall not always expect…to remember that, in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside. (metaphor) 2. But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers. (metaphor) 3. And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house. (metaphor) 4. We renew our pledge of support: to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective, to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak. (metaphor) 5. And if a beachhead of co-operation may push back the jungle of suspicion…(metaphor) 6. The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world. (metaphor) 7. Sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers, like clouds of flies. (simile) 8. Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews. (transferred epithet) 9. If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich. (antithesis) 10. Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us. (antithesis) 11. And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you;ask what you can do for your country. (antithesis) 12. Charles Lamb, as merry and enterprising a fellow as you will meet in a month of Sundays, unfettered the informal essay with his memorable Old China and Dream’s Children. (metaphor) 13. There follows an informal essay that ventures even beyond Lamb’s frontier. (metaphor) 14. Logic, far from being a dry, full of beauty, passion, and trauma. (metaphor and hyperbole) 15. My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist’s scales, as penetrating as a scalpel. (simile and hyperbole) 16. It is not often that one so young has such a giant intellect. (hyperbole) 17. Same age, same background, but dumb as an ox. (ellipsis and simile) 18. A nice enough young fellow, you understand, but nothing upstairs. (ellipsis) 19. Not, however, to Petey. (ellipsis) 20. My brain, that precision instrument, slipped into high gear. (metaphor) 21. It is, after all, easier to make a beautiful dumb girl smart than to make an ugly smart girl beautiful. (antithesis) 22. In other words, if you were out of the picture, the field would be open. (metaphor) 23. I said with a mysterious wink. (transferred epithet) 24. He just stood and stared with mad lust at the coat. (hyperbole) 25. Otherwise you have committed a Dicto Simpliciter. (metonymy) 26. You are guilty of Post Hoc if you blame Eula Becker. (metonymy) 27. If there is an immovable object, there can be no irresistible force. (antithesis) 28. The raccoon coat huddled like a great hairy beast at his feet. (simile) 29. Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still smoldered. Maybe somehow I could fan them into flame. (metaphor) 30. Surgeons have X-rays to guide them during an operation. (metonymy)
英语修辞手法 1.Simile 明喻 明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性. 标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻 隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如： 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻 借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替内容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说. III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱. 4.Synecdoche 提喻 提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 例如: 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人. 2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿. 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分） 这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配. 5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉 这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。 通感技巧的运用，能突破语言的局限，丰富表情达意的审美情趣，起到增强文采的艺术效果。比如：欣赏建筑的重复与变化的样式会联想到音乐的重复与变化的节奏；闻到酸的东西会联想到尖锐的物体；听到飘渺轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的半透明的纱子；又比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的“ 微风过处送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”。
Lesson 1 1．"We can batten down and ride it out," he said. (Para. 4) metaphor 2 .Wind and rain now whipped the house. (Para. 7) personification 、metaphor 3. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (Para.11) simile 4. He held his head between his hands, and silently prayed: “Get us through this mess, will Y ou?”(Para. 17) alliteration 5. It seized a 600, 000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3.5 miles away. (Para.19) personification 6. Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them. (Para.19) simile、onomatopoeia(拟声) 7. Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point. （Para. 20）transferred epithet 8 8. Richelieu Apartments were smashed apart as if by a gigantic fist, and 26 people perished.（Para. 20）simile、personification 9. and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads.(Para.28) simile 10.household and medical supplies streamed in by plane, train, truck and car. (Para. 31) metaphor Lesson 4 1. Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm around my shoulder as we were waiting for the court to open. (para2) Transferred epithet 2. The case had erupted round my head not long after I arrived in Dayton as science master and football coach at secondary school.(para 3) Synecdoche 3. After a while, it is the setting of man against man and creed against creed until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century.(para14) Irony 4. '' There is some doubt about that '' Darrow snorted.(para 19) Sarcasm 5. The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below.(para 20) Antithesis 6. Gone was the fierce fervor of the days when Bryan had swept the political arena like a prairie.(para 22) Alliteration; Simile 7. The crowd seemed to feel that their champion had not scorched the infidels with the hot breadth of his oratory as he should have. (Para 22) He appealed for intellectual freedom, and accused Bryan of calling for a duel to the death between science and religion. (Para 23) The court broke into a storm of applause that surpassed that Bryan. Snowball:grow quickly; spar: fight with words; thunder: say angrily and loudly; scorch: thoroughly defeat; duel: life and death struggle; storm of applause: loud applause by many people; the oratorical duel; spring the trump card.Metaphor
Lesson2 I. Are they really the same flesh as youself?——rhetorical question 2. They rise out of the earth,they sweat and starve for a few yers,and then they sink back into the n ameless mounds of the graveyard. — alliterati on ‘metaphor 3.Sore-eyed childre n cluster everywhere in un believable nu mbers,like clouds of flies. — simile 4. Thanks to a lifetime of sitting in this position his left leg is warped out of shape. ——irony 5. There was a fren zied rush of Jews. — tran sferred epithet 6. A white skin is always fairly con spicuous. — syn ecdoche 7. What gover nment service.——rhetorical questi on 8. L ong lines of wome n,be nt double like in verted capital Ls,work their way slowly across the fields. — simile 9. This kind of thing makes one 10.1 am not commenting,merely pointing to a fact. 11.This wretched boy,who is a French citizen and has therefore been dragged from the forest to scrub floors and catch syphilis in garrison towns,actually has feelings of reverence before a white skin. ------ s yn ecdoche 12. And really it was like watch ing a flock of cattle to see the long colu mn,a mile or two miles of armed men.—simile 13. -------- w hile the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direct ion, glitteri ng like scraps of paper. metaphor Lesson3 1. no one has any idea where it will go as it mean ders or leaps and sprkles or just glows. ----- metaphor 2. they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.They are like the musketeers of Dumas — simile 3. sudde nly the alchemy of con versati on took place — metaphor 4. the glow of the con versatio n burst into flames ---- metaphor 5. The con versatio n was on win gs. --- metaphor 6. We ought to think ourselves back into the shoes of the Saxon peasa nt. ----- m etaphor 7. The Elizabetha ns blew on it as on a dan deli on clock,a nd its seeds multiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth.— simile 's blodrisoolnymy un derstateme nt
一、词语修辞格 （1）simile 明喻 ①...a memory that seemed phonographic ②“Mama,” Wangero said sweet as a bird .“can I have these old quilts?” ③Most American remember M. T. as the father of... ④Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail. ⑤Impressed with her they worshiped the well-turned phrase, the cute shape, the scalding humor that erupted like bubbles in lye. ⑥My skin is like an uncooked barley pancake. ⑦She gasped like a bee had stung her. （2）metaphor 暗喻 ①It is a vast, sombre cavern of a room,… ②Little donkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells thread their way among the throngs of people entering and leaving the bazaar. ③The dye-market, the pottery market and the carpenters’ market lie elsewhere in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb the bazaar. A ④the last this intermezzo came to an end… ⑤…showing just enough of her thin body enveloped in pink skirt and red blouse… ⑥After I tripped over it two or three times he told me … ⑦Mark Twain --- Mirror of America ⑧saw clearly ahead a black wall of night... ⑨main artery of transportation in the young nation's heart ⑩All would resurface in his books...that he soaked up... ?When railroads began drying up the demand... ?...the epidemic of gold and silver fever... ?Twain began digging his way to regional fame...
常用修辞手法： 1. 比喻 比喻就是打比方。可分为明喻和暗喻： 明喻(simile)：用like, as, as...as, as if(though) 或用其他词语指出两个不同事物的相似之处。例如： O my love's like a red, red rose. 我的爱人像一朵红红的玫瑰花。 The man can't be trusted. He is as slippery as an eel. 那个人不可信赖。他像鳗鱼一样狡猾。 暗喻(metaphor)：用一个词来指代与该词所指事物有相似特点的另外一个事物。例如： He has a heart of stone. 他有一颗铁石心肠。 The world is a stage. 世界是一个大舞台。 2. 换喻(metonymy) 用一事物的名称代替另外一个与它关系密切的事物的名称，只要一提到其中一种事物，就会使人联想到另一种。如the White House 代美国政府或总统，用the bottle来代替wine 或者alcohol。 His purse would not allow him that luxury. 他的经济条件不允许他享受那种奢华。 The mother did her best to take care of the cradle. 母亲尽最大努力照看孩子。 He succeeded to the crown in 1848. 他在1848年继承了王位。 3. 提喻(synecdoche) 指用部分代表整体或者用整体代表部分，以特殊代表一般或者用一般代表特殊。例如： He earns his bread by writing. 他靠写作挣钱谋生。 The farms were short of hands during the harvest season. 在收获季节农场缺乏劳动力。 Australia beat Canada at cricket. 澳大利亚队在板球比赛中击败了加拿大队。 4. 拟人(personification) 把事物或者概念当作人或者具备人的品质的写法叫拟人。例如： My heart was singing. 我的心在歌唱。 This time fate was smiling to him. 这一次命运朝他微笑了。 The flowers nodded to her while she passed. 当她经过的时候花儿向她点头致意。 5. 委婉(euphemism) 用温和的、间接的词语代替生硬的、粗俗的词语，以免直接说出不愉快的事实冒犯别人或者造成令人窘迫、沮丧的局面。例如： 用to fall asleep; to cease thinking; to pass away; to go to heaven; to leave us 代to die 用senior citizens代替old people 用a slow learner或者an under achiever代替a stupid pupil 用weight watcher代替fat people 6. 双关(pun) 用同音异义或者一词二义来达到诙谐幽默的效果：表面上是一个意思，而实际上却暗含另一个意思，这种暗含的意思才是句子真正的目的所在。例如： A cannonball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms. (arms可指手臂或者武器) 一发炮弹打断了他的腿，所以他缴械投降了。 “Can I try on that gown in the window?” asked a would-be customer. “Certainly not, madam!” replied the salesman. 我可以试穿一下橱窗里的那件睡袍吗？ Seven days without water make one weak (week). 七天没有水使一个人虚弱。或者：七天没有水就是一周没有水。 7. 反语(irony) 使用与真正意义相反的词，正话反说或者反话正说，从对立的角度运用词义来产生特殊的效果。 8. 头韵(alliteration) 两个或者更多的词以相同的音韵或者字母开头就构成头韵。例如： proud as a peacock
Lesson1 1 We can batten down and ride it out.--metaphor 2 Everybody out the back door to the cars!--elliptical sentence 3 Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them.-simile 4 Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point--transferred epithet 5 Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads-metaphor, simile Lesson3 1. … and no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows. ---mixed-metaphor or metaphor 3. … that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place, and all at once there was a focus. ----metaphor 4. The glow of the conversation burst into flames. ----metaphor 5. We had traveled in five minutes to Australia. -----metaphor The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks, or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.--—metaphor 6. The conversation was on wings. ----metaphor 8. The bother about teaching chimpanzees how to talk is that they will probably try to talk sense and so ruin all conversation. -----sarcasm反讽 9. They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived side by side with each other, did not delve into each other's lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings. -----simile 10. … we ought to think ourselves back into the shoes of the Saxon peasant. ---- 11. Otherwise one will bind the conversation, one will not let it flow freely here and there. ---- 12. We would never hay gone to Australia, or leaped back in time to the Norman Conquest. ---- 13. They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived side by side with each other, did not delve into, each other’s lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings.—-simile 14. Is the phrase in Shakespeare? ----metonymy 15. The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and its seeds multiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth.—simile 16. Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King’s English slips and slides in conversation.—alliteration 17. When E.M.F orster writes of ―the sinister corridor of our age,‖ we sit up at the v ividness of the phrase, the force and even terror in the image.—--metaphor Lesson4 1. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a power full challenge at odds and split asunder.—antithesis 2.…in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.—metaphor 3. Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate.—regression (回环:A-B-C)
英语修辞手法 明喻 明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性. 标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.隐喻,暗喻 隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如： 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 借喻,转喻 借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替内容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.
III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力 气赚钱. 提喻 提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 例如: 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人. 2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿. 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分） 这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配. 通感,联觉,移觉 这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。 通感技巧的运用，能突破语言的局限，丰富表情达意的审美情趣，起到增强文采的艺术效果。比如：欣赏建筑的重复与变化的样式会联想到音乐的重复与变化的节奏；闻到酸的东西会联想到尖锐的物体；听到飘渺轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的半透明的纱子；又比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的“ 微风过处送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”。
Lesson2 1.Are they really the same flesh as youself?—rhetorical question 2.They rise out of the earth,they sweat and starve for a few yers,and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard.—alliteration ,metaphor 3.Sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers,like clouds of flies.—simile 4.Thanks to a lifetime of sitting in this position his left leg is warped out of shape.—irony 5.There was a frenzied rush of Jews.—transferred epithet 6.A white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—synecdoche 7.What government service.—rhetorical question 8.Long lines of women,bent double like inverted capital Ls,work their way slowly across the fields.—simile 9.This kind of thing makes one’s blod boil.——metonymy 10.I am not commenting,merely pointing to a fact.——understatement 11.This wretched boy,who is a French citizen and has therefore been dragged from the forest to scrub floors and catch syphilis in garrison towns,actually has feelings of reverence before a white skin.——synecdoche 12. And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column,a mile or two miles of armed men.—simile 13.while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction, glittering like scraps of paper.——metaphor Lesson3 1.no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sprkles or just glows.——metaphor 2.they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.They are like the musketeers of Dumas—simile 3.suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place—metaphor 4.the glow of the conversation burst into flames——metaphor 5.The conversation was on wings.——metaphor 6.We ought to think ourselves back into the shoes of the Saxon peasant.——metaphor 7.The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock,and its seeds multiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth.—simile
高级英语第1册修辞练习第3版 Point the rhetorical devices used in the following sentences Lesson 1 1.We can batten down and ride it out. (Metaphor ) 2.Wind and rain now whipped the house. ( Metaphor ) 3.Stay away from the windows. (Elliptical sentence ) 4.--- the rain seemingly driven right through the walls. ( Simile) 5.At 8:30, power failed. (Metaphor ) 6.Everybody out the back door to the cars. (Elliptical sentence ) 7.The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. ( Simile ) 8…the electrical systems had been killed by water.( metaphor ) 9.Everybody on the stairs. ( elliptical sentence) 10.The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. ( simile ) 11. A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet though the air. ( personification ) 12…it seized a 600,000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3.5 miles away. ( personification ) 13.Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them.( simile ) 14.Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point. ( Transferred epithet ) 15. Up the stairs --- into our bedroom. ( Elliptical sentence ) 16.The world seemed to be breaking apart. ( Simile ) 17. Water inched its way up the steps as first floor outside walls collapsed. (Metaphor ) 18.Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees.. (Metaphor ) 19…and blown-down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the road.( simile ) 20…household and medical supplies streamed in by plane, train, truck and car. (metaphor ) 21.Camille, meanwhile, had raked its way northward across Mississippi, dropped more than 28 inches of rain into West.( metaphor ) Lesson2 1 Hiroshima—the”Liveliest”City in Japan.—irovy 2 That must be what the man in the Japanese stationmaster’s uniform shouted,as the fastest train in the world slipped to a stop in Hiroshima Station.—alliteration 3 And secondly.because I had a lump in my throat and a lot of sad thoughts on my mind that had little to do with anything in Nippon railways official might say.—metaphor 4 Was I not at the scene of crime?—rhetorical question 5 The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt.—synecdoche,metonymy