Lesson1
1. Wind and rain now wiped the house. ----metaphor(暗喻)
2. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. ----simile (明喻)
3. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. -----simile
4. …it seized a 600,00 gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3.5 miles a way. ----personification(拟人)
5. We can batten down and ride it out. -----metaphor
6. Everybody out the back door to the cars!—ellipsis (省略)
7. Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them. -----simile
8. Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point-----transferred epithet移就
9. Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads----metaphor; simile
Lesson2
1. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot. -----simile
2. They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard and nobody notices that they are gone. -----alliteration押头韵
3. ... and sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers, like clouds of flies. ----simile
4. And really it was almost like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column, a mile or two miles of armed men, flowing peacefully up the road, while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction, glittering like scraps of paper. ----- simile
5. The little crowd of mourners all men and boys, no women
threaded their way across the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, wailing a short chant over and over again.--—elliptical sentence
6. A carpenter sits cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed.—- hyperbole
7. Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews, many of them old grandfathers with flowing grey beards, all clamoring for a cigarette. -----transferred epithet
8. Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—-synecdoche(提喻)
9. As the storks flew northward the Negroes were marching southward
a long, dusty column, infantry, screw-gun batteries, and then more infantry, four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.—---onomatopoetic words symbolism
10. Not hostile, not contemptuous, not sullen, not even inquisitive. —-- elliptical sentence
11. This wretched boy, who is a French citizen and has therefore been dragged from the forest to scrub floors and catch syphilis in garrison towns, actually has feelings of reverence before a white skin. —- synecdoche提喻
Lesson3
1. … and no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows. ---mixed-metaphor or metaphor
2. … that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place, and all at
once there was a focus. ----metaphor
3. The glow of the conversation burst into flames. ----metaphor
4. We had traveled in five minutes to Australia. -----metaphor
The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks, or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.--—metaphor
5. The conversation was on wings. ----metaphor
6. The bother about teaching chimpanzees how to talk is that they will pro bably try to talk sense and so ruin all conversation. -----sarcasm反讽
7. They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived side by side with each other, did not delve into each other's lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings. -----simile
8. They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived side b y side with each other, did not delve into, each other’s lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings.—-simile
9. Is the phrase in Shakespeare? ----metonymy
10. The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and its seeds multiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth.—simile
11. Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King’s English slips and slides in conversation.—alliteration
12. When E.M.F orster writes of “the sinister corridor of our age,” we sit up at the vividness of the phrase, the force and even terror in the image.—--metaphor
Lesson 4
1. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a power full challenge at odds and split asunder.—antithesis
2.…in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.—metaphor
3. Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate.—regression (回环:A-B-C)
4. All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—allusion 引典; climax递进
5. And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.—antithesis, regression回环6 We observe today not a victory of party but a celebration of freedom, symbolizing an end as well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change. ----parallelism
7. Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike ….—alliteration
8. Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or i11, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty. ----–parallelism; alliteration
9. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a powerful challen ge at odds and split asunder. ----antithesis对句
10. If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich. -----antithesis
11. … to assist free men and free governments in casting off the chains of poverty. ---repetition
12. And if a beachhead of co-operation may push back the jungle of suspicion…-----metaphor
13. Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us. -----antithesis
14.And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house. -----metaphor
15. The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world. -----extended metaphor
16. …to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak… ----metaphor
17.With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds… -----parallelism
Lesson5
1. Read, then, the following essay which undertakes to demonstrate that logic, far from being a dry, pedantic discipline, is a living, breathing thing , full of beauty, passion, and trauma.—-metaphor; hyperbole
2. Charles Lamb, as merry and enterprising a fellow as you will meet in a month of Sundays, unfettered the informal essay with his memorable Old China and Dream’s Children.—metaphor
3. Cool was I and logical. ----inversion (倒装)
4. My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist's scales , as penetrating as a scalpel.-----simile
5. My brain, that precision instrument, slipped into high gear. ---- metaphor or -mixed-metaphor
6.Same age, same background, but dumb as an ox. ----simile
7. I was not one to let my heart rule my head. ----metonymy转喻
8. "I may do better than that," I said with a mysterious wink and closed my bag and left. ----transferred epithet
9. Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still smoldered. ----metaphor
10. We went to the Knoll, the campus trysting place, and we sat down under an old oak, and she looked at me expectantly. -----allusion
11. Just as Pygmalion loved the perfect woman he had fashioned, ---- allusion
12. I was not Pygmalion; I was Frankenstein, and my monster had me by the throat. ----allusion
13.The time had come to change our relationship from academic to romantic. ----assonance (半)谐音
14. Back and forth his head swiveled, desire waxing, resolution waning.—antithesis
15. What’s Polly to me, or me to Polly?—parody
16."Your girl," I said, mincing no words. ----litotes (间接肯定)
17. This loomed as a project of no small dimensions… -----litotes or understatement
18. Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still smoldered. Maybe somehow I could fan them into flame.—-metaphor or extended metaphor
19. There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear. ----synecdoche
20.He has hamstrung his opponent before he could even start. ---- metaphor
21. Over and over and over again I cited instances pointed out flaws, kept hammering away without let-up. ----metaphor
22. Suddenly, a g1immer of intelligence—the first I had seen--came into her eyes. ----metaphor
23. I saw a chink of light. And then the chink got bigger and the sun came pouring in and all was bright. -----metaphor
24.. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars and the constellations of outer space. -----hyperbole; metaphor
25. He's a liar. He's a cheat. He's a rat. ----climax (递进)
26.Look at me--a brilliant student, a tremendous intellectual, a man with an assured future. Look at Petey--a knot-head, a jitterbug, a guy who'll never know where his next meal is coming from. -----antithesis对句
Lesson7
1. Here was the very heart of industrial America, the center of its most lucrative and characteristic activity, the boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earth—and here was a scene so dreadfully
hideous, so intolerably bleak and forlorn that it reduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre and depressing joke.—metaphor; hyperbole; parallelism; antithesis
2. Here was wealth beyond computation, almost beyond imagination and here were human habitations so abominable that they would have disgraced a race of alley cats.—hyperbole; antithesis
3. What I allude to is the unbroken and agonizing ugliness, the sheer revolting monstrousness, of every house in sight. ----transferred epithet
4. …, there was not one in sight from the train that did not insult and lacerate the eye. ----hyperbole; double negatives (双否)
5.There was not a single decent house within eye range from the Pittsburgh suburbs to the Greensburg yards，
and there was not one that was not misshapen, and there was not one that was not shabby. ----hyperbole; repetition; double negatives
6. The country itself is not uncomely, despite the grime of the endless mills.—litotes or understatement
7. Obviously, if their were architects of any professional sense or dignity in the region, they would have perfected a chalet to hug the hillsides—a chalet with a high-pitched roof, to throw off the heavy winter snows, but still essentially a low and clinging building, wider than it was tall.-—
ridicule （讽刺）
8. This they have converted into a thing of dingy clapboards, with a narrow, low-pitched roof. ----inversion (倒装)
9. On their deep sides they are three, four and even five stories high; on their low sides they bury themselves swinishly in the mud. ----metaphor
10.But what brick! -----ellipsis (省略)
11. …, and so they have the most loathsome towns and villages ever seen by mortal eye . ---- hyperbole
12. I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer. ----irony; sarcasm
13. And one and all they are streaked in grime, with dead and eczematous patches of paint peeping through the streaks.—metaphor
14. When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring.—ridicule, irony, metaphor
15. I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer.—irony
16. Safe in a Pullman, I have whirled through the gloomy, God-forsaken villages of Iowa and Lansas, and the malarious tidewater hamlets of Georgia.—antonomasia (换称：专有名词指代一般名词) or allusion 17. It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius, uncompromisingly
inimical to man, had devoted all the ingenuity of Hell to the making of them.—hyperbole, irony
18. They like it as it is: beside it, the Parthenon would no doubt offend them.—irony
19. It is that of a Presbyterian grinning.—metaphor
20.A few linger in memory, horrible even there: a crazy little church just west of Jeannette ----personification
21 …set like a dormer-window on the side of a bare, leprous hill…
----- metaphor
22. a steel stadium like a huge rattrap somewhere further down the line. ----simile
23. They like it as it is: beside it, the Parthenon would no doubt offend them. ---- antonomasia (换称：专有名词指代一般名词) or allusion 24. When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring. ----metaphor
25. It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius, uncompromisingly inimical to man, had devoted all the ingenuity of Hell to the making of them. ----hyperbole; irony
26. Such ghastly designs, it must be obvious, give a genuine delight to a
《高级英语》修辞分析及参考答案 1. But we shall not always expect…to remember that, in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside. (metaphor) 2. But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers. (metaphor) 3. And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house. (metaphor) 4. We renew our pledge of support: to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective, to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak. (metaphor) 5. And if a beachhead of co-operation may push back the jungle of suspicion…(metaphor) 6. The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world. (metaphor) 7. Sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers, like clouds of flies. (simile) 8. Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews. (transferred epithet) 9. If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich. (antithesis) 10. Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us. (antithesis) 11. And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you;ask what you can do for your country. (antithesis) 12. Charles Lamb, as merry and enterprising a fellow as you will meet in a month of Sundays, unfettered the informal essay with his memorable Old China and Dream’s Children. (metaphor) 13. There follows an informal essay that ventures even beyond Lamb’s frontier. (metaphor) 14. Logic, far from being a dry, full of beauty, passion, and trauma. (metaphor and hyperbole) 15. My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist’s scales, as penetrating as a scalpel. (simile and hyperbole) 16. It is not often that one so young has such a giant intellect. (hyperbole) 17. Same age, same background, but dumb as an ox. (ellipsis and simile) 18. A nice enough young fellow, you understand, but nothing upstairs. (ellipsis) 19. Not, however, to Petey. (ellipsis) 20. My brain, that precision instrument, slipped into high gear. (metaphor) 21. It is, after all, easier to make a beautiful dumb girl smart than to make an ugly smart girl beautiful. (antithesis) 22. In other words, if you were out of the picture, the field would be open. (metaphor) 23. I said with a mysterious wink. (transferred epithet) 24. He just stood and stared with mad lust at the coat. (hyperbole) 25. Otherwise you have committed a Dicto Simpliciter. (metonymy) 26. You are guilty of Post Hoc if you blame Eula Becker. (metonymy) 27. If there is an immovable object, there can be no irresistible force. (antithesis) 28. The raccoon coat huddled like a great hairy beast at his feet. (simile) 29. Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still smoldered. Maybe somehow I could fan them into flame. (metaphor) 30. Surgeons have X-rays to guide them during an operation. (metonymy)
高级英语课文修辞总结（1-7课） 第一课Face to Face With Hurricane Camille Simile: 1. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (comparing the passing of children to the passing of buckets of water in a fire brigade when fighting a fire) 2. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. (comparing the sound of the wind to the roar of a passing train) Metaphor : 1. We can batten down and ride it out. (comparing the house in a hurricane to a ship fighting a storm at sea) 2. Wind and rain now whipped the house. (Strong wind and rain was lashing the house as if with a whip.) Personification : 1. A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet through the air. (The hurricane acted as a very strong person lifting something heavy and throwing it through the air.)
Simile 1.They are like the musketeers of Dumas … their thoughts and feelings. 2.The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion…ends of the earth. 3.…like clouds of flies. 4.Everything is done… like inverted capital Ls… 5.And really it was like watching a …armed men,flowing peacefully up the r oad,while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite directi on,glittering like scraps of paper. 6.My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist’s scales, as penetrating as a scalpel. 7.Same age,… but dumb as an ox. 8.Peter lay … coat huddled like a great hairy… 9.It was like digging a tunnel. 10.I leaped to my feet, bellowing like a bull. 11.Grandmother Macleod, her delicately featured face as rigid as a cameo… 12.… the fragrant globes hanging like miniature scarlet lanterns on the thin hairy stems. 13.At night the lake was like black glass… 14.The jukebox was booming like tuneful thunder… metaphor 1.The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks,or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simpl y not a concern. 2.…did not delve intoeach other’s lives or the recesses of their thoughts and f eeling. 3.It was on such … suddenly the alchemy of conversation … was a focus. 4.The glow of the conversation burst into flames. 5.We had traveled in five minutes to Australia. 6.The conversation was on wings. 7.As we listen… to think ourselves back into the shoes of the Saxon peasant. 8.I have an unending love affair with dictionaries…of common sense. 9.Even with the most educated and the most literate,the King’s English slips and slides in conversation. 10.When E.M.Forster writes of -the sinister corridor of our age,we sit up at t he vividness of the phrase,the force and even terror in the image. 11.They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years,…are gone. 12.Down the centre…a little river of urine. 13.…in the past,… by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside. 14.But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers. 15.And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house. 16.… we renew our pledge of support: to prevent it from becoming merely a
Lesson 1 1．"We can batten down and ride it out," he said. (Para. 4) metaphor 2 .Wind and rain now whipped the house. (Para. 7) personification 、metaphor 3. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (Para.11) simile 4. He held his head between his hands, and silently prayed: “Get us through this mess, will Y ou?”(Para. 17) alliteration 5. It seized a 600, 000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3.5 miles away. (Para.19) personification 6. Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them. (Para.19) simile、onomatopoeia(拟声) 7. Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point. （Para. 20）transferred epithet 8 8. Richelieu Apartments were smashed apart as if by a gigantic fist, and 26 people perished.（Para. 20）simile、personification 9. and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads.(Para.28) simile 10.household and medical supplies streamed in by plane, train, truck and car. (Para. 31) metaphor Lesson 4 1. Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm around my shoulder as we were waiting for the court to open. (para2) Transferred epithet 2. The case had erupted round my head not long after I arrived in Dayton as science master and football coach at secondary school.(para 3) Synecdoche 3. After a while, it is the setting of man against man and creed against creed until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century.(para14) Irony 4. '' There is some doubt about that '' Darrow snorted.(para 19) Sarcasm 5. The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below.(para 20) Antithesis 6. Gone was the fierce fervor of the days when Bryan had swept the political arena like a prairie.(para 22) Alliteration; Simile 7. The crowd seemed to feel that their champion had not scorched the infidels with the hot breadth of his oratory as he should have. (Para 22) He appealed for intellectual freedom, and accused Bryan of calling for a duel to the death between science and religion. (Para 23) The court broke into a storm of applause that surpassed that Bryan. Snowball:grow quickly; spar: fight with words; thunder: say angrily and loudly; scorch: thoroughly defeat; duel: life and death struggle; storm of applause: loud applause by many people; the oratorical duel; spring the trump card.Metaphor
Lesson2 I. Are they really the same flesh as youself?——rhetorical question 2. They rise out of the earth,they sweat and starve for a few yers,and then they sink back into the n ameless mounds of the graveyard. — alliterati on ‘metaphor 3.Sore-eyed childre n cluster everywhere in un believable nu mbers,like clouds of flies. — simile 4. Thanks to a lifetime of sitting in this position his left leg is warped out of shape. ——irony 5. There was a fren zied rush of Jews. — tran sferred epithet 6. A white skin is always fairly con spicuous. — syn ecdoche 7. What gover nment service.——rhetorical questi on 8. L ong lines of wome n,be nt double like in verted capital Ls,work their way slowly across the fields. — simile 9. This kind of thing makes one 10.1 am not commenting,merely pointing to a fact. 11.This wretched boy,who is a French citizen and has therefore been dragged from the forest to scrub floors and catch syphilis in garrison towns,actually has feelings of reverence before a white skin. ------ s yn ecdoche 12. And really it was like watch ing a flock of cattle to see the long colu mn,a mile or two miles of armed men.—simile 13. -------- w hile the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direct ion, glitteri ng like scraps of paper. metaphor Lesson3 1. no one has any idea where it will go as it mean ders or leaps and sprkles or just glows. ----- metaphor 2. they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.They are like the musketeers of Dumas — simile 3. sudde nly the alchemy of con versati on took place — metaphor 4. the glow of the con versatio n burst into flames ---- metaphor 5. The con versatio n was on win gs. --- metaphor 6. We ought to think ourselves back into the shoes of the Saxon peasa nt. ----- m etaphor 7. The Elizabetha ns blew on it as on a dan deli on clock,a nd its seeds multiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth.— simile 's blodrisoolnymy un derstateme nt
一．词语修辞格 (1) simile 明喻 它根据人们的联想，利用不同事物之间的相似点，借助比喻词(如like，as等)起连接作用，清楚地说明甲事物在某方面像乙事物 I wandered lonely as a cloud. ( W. Wordsworth: The Daffodils ) 我像一朵浮云独自漫游。 They are as like as two peas. 他们两个长得一模一样。 His young daughter looks as red as a rose. 他的小女儿面庞红得象朵玫瑰花。 ①―Mama,‖ Wangero said sweet as a bird . ―C an I have these old quilts?‖ ②Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail. ③My skin is like an uncooked（未煮过的）barley pancake. ④The oratorial（雄辩的）storm that Clarence Darrow and Dudley Field Malone blew up in the little court in Dayton swept like a fresh wind though the schools… ⑤I see also the dull（迟钝的）, drilled（训练有素的）, docile（易驯服的）, brutish （粗野的）masses of the Hun soldiery plodding（沉重缓慢地走）on like a swarm（群）of crawling locusts（蝗虫）. （2）metaphor 暗喻 暗含的比喻。A是B或B就是A。 All the world’s a stage, and all the men and women merely players演员. ( William Shakespeare )整个世界是座舞台，男男女女，演员而已。 Education is not the filling of a pail桶, but the lighting of a fire. ( William B. Yeats ) 教育不是注满一桶水，而是点燃一把火。 ①It is a vast（巨大的）, sombre（忧郁的）cavern（洞穴）of a room,… ②Mark Twain --- Mirror of America ③main artery（干线）of transportation in the young nation's heart ④The Duchess of Croydon kept firm, tight rein on her racing mind. ⑤Her voice was a whiplash（鞭绳）. ⑥We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air,
Lesson1 1 We can batten down and ride it out.--metaphor 2 Everybody out the back door to the cars!--elliptical sentence 3 Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them.-simile 4 Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point--transferred epithet 5 Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads-metaphor, simile Lesson3 1. … and no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows. ---mixed-metaphor or metaphor 3. … that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place, and all at once there was a focus. ----metaphor 4. The glow of the conversation burst into flames. ----metaphor 5. We had traveled in five minutes to Australia. -----metaphor The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks, or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.--—metaphor 6. The conversation was on wings. ----metaphor 8. The bother about teaching chimpanzees how to talk is that they will probably try to talk sense and so ruin all conversation. -----sarcasm反讽 9. They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived side by side with each other, did not delve into each other's lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings. -----simile 10. … we ought to think ourselves back into the shoes of the Saxon peasant. ---- 11. Otherwise one will bind the conversation, one will not let it flow freely here and there. ---- 12. We would never hay gone to Australia, or leaped back in time to the Norman Conquest. ---- 13. They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived side by side with each other, did not delve into, each other’s lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings.—-simile 14. Is the phrase in Shakespeare? ----metonymy 15. The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and its seeds multiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth.—simile 16. Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King’s English slips and slides in conversation.—alliteration 17. When E.M.F orster writes of ―the sinister corridor of our age,‖ we sit up at the v ividness of the phrase, the force and even terror in the image.—--metaphor Lesson4 1. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a power full challenge at odds and split asunder.—antithesis 2.…in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.—metaphor 3. Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate.—regression (回环:A-B-C)
Unit 1 Middle Eastern Bazaar 1. Onomatopoeia: is the formation of words in imitation o the sounds associated with the thing concerned. e.g. 1) tinkling bells (Para. 1) 2) the squeaking and rumbling (Para. 9) 2. Metaphor: is the use of a word or phrase which describes one thing by stating another comparable thing without using “as” or “like”. e.g. 1) the heat and glare of a big open square (Para. 1) 2) …in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb this bazaar (Para. 7) 3. alliteration: is the use of several words in close proximity beginning with the same letter or letters. e.g. 1) …thread their way among the throngs of people (Para. 1) 2)…make a point of protesting 4. Hyperbole: is the use of a form of words to make sth sound big, small, loud and so on by saying that it is like something even bigger, smaller, louder, etc. e.g. a tiny restaurant (Para. 7) a flood of glistening linseed oil (Para. 9) 5．Antithesis: is the setting, often in parallel structure, of contrasting words or phrases opposite each other for emphasis. e.g. 1) …a tiny apprentice blows a big charcoal fire with a huge leather bellows…(Para. 5) 2) …which towers to the vaulted ceiling and dwarfs the camels and their stone wheels. (Para. 5) 6. Personification: a figure of speech in which inanimate objects are endowed with human qualities or are represented as possessing human form. e.g. …as the burnished copper catches the light of …(Para.5) Unit 9 Mark Twain—Mirror of America V. Rhetorical devices 1. Simile: Please refer to Lesson 2. e.g. 1) Indeed, this nation’s best-loved author was every bit as adventurous, patriotic, romantic, and humorous as anyone has ever imagined. (Para. 1) 2) Tom’s mischievous daring, ingenuity, and the sweet innocence of his affection for Becky Thatcher are almost as sure to be studied in American schools today as is the Declaration of Independence. (Para. 15)
1. 明喻simile Simile refers to a direct comparison between two or more things, normally introduced by like or as. He has been as drunk as a fiddler’s bitch. 1. 他醉得像小提琴手的母狗。 2. 他曾喝得酊名大醉/烂醉如泥。 If We haven’t got any money, we can’t buy a television.It’s as plain as the nose on your face. 1. 如果我们没有钱，就不能买电视机。这就像脸上的鼻子一样清楚明了。 2. 没有钱我们就不能买电视机。这就像秃子头上的虱子——明摆着的事。 Mr. Smith may serve as a good secretary, for he is as close as an oyster. 史密斯先生可以当个好秘书，因为他嘴巴紧得像牦蛎. 史密斯先生可以当个好秘书，因为他守口如瓶。 I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery plodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts. 2. 隐喻metaphor Metaphor is an implied comparison between two or more things achieved by identifying one with the other. That lady tries to make sheep’s eyes at her new boss. 1. 那位女士想向新老板投去绵羊之眼。 2. 那位女士想向新老板献媚。 Little donkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells thread their way among the throngs of people entering and leaving the bazaar. It grows louder and more distinct, until you round a corner and see a fairyland of dancing flashes, as the burnished copper catches the light of innumerable lamps and braziers. The dye-market, the pottery-market, and the carpenters’ market lie elsewhere in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb this bazaar. It is a vast ,somber cavern of a room ,some thirty feet high and sixty feet square , and so thick with the dust of centuries that the mudbrick roof are only dimly visible. Churchill, he reverted to this theme, and I asked whether for him, the arch anti-communist, this was not bowing down in the House of Rimmon. I see the Russian soldiers standing on the threshold of their native land ,guarding the fields which their fathers have tilled from time immemorial. I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky ,street smarting from many a British whipping