单元测评(六)综合质量测评
(时间：90分钟满分：110分)
第一部分阅读理解(共两节；满分30分)
第一节(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
As we all know, robots are playing an important role in our daily life at present. Now South Korean schoolchildren see robot teachers in the classroom at an elementary school in Seoul. Robot teachers — who never get angry or make sarcastic (讽刺的) remarks —have been a hit with pupils during a pilot project in some South Korean schools, a government report said Thursday.
Elementary school children responded favourably to the robot teachers, the Ministry of Knowledge Economy said, citing a survey by educational researchers.
English-teaching robots were sent to three provincial schools for eight weeks starting in late December.
And programmable electronic devices looking like robots, which teach math, science and art, were used in 10 Seoul schools for five weeks from November.
The researchers found that the English-teaching robots helped raise interest in the language and boosted the confidence of students.
“Tele-presence (远程呈现)”robots are controlled remotely by an English teacher and are equipped with a microphone and video camera. Autonomous (自主的) units use voice-recognition software to interact with
children.
The government has expressed interest in robots to give rural school children more learning opportunities.
“The machines spurred creativity and had a positive influence on the attitude of students，” a ministry official told Y onhap news agency.
Officials in charge of the project are working to improve the quality of robot teaching and iron out glitches (小故障) before any decision to expand their use.
语篇解读本文是新闻报道。韩国政府在部分学校试点使用了机器人教师。这些教师从不会生气，也不会数落学生。韩国知识经济部援引教育研究人员开展的一项调查显示，学生们对机器人教师的反应很好。
1．What's the writer's purpose of writing the passage?
A. To show South Korean school children don't like their teachers.
B. To prove robot teachers are better than real teachers.
C. To tell us the government will forbid using robot teachers in the future.
D. To show us a piece of news about robot teachers.
答案与解析D主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要向我们介绍了一条关于机器人教师的新闻。
2．We can infer that ________.
A. the government shows great interest in the project
B. the robot teachers are not good at math, science and art
C. the robot teachers can often get angry
D. the robot teachers are now widely used in South Korea
答案与解析A推理判断题。由倒数第三段可知，A表述正确。由第
四段可知B表述错误；由第一段可知C表述错误；由第三、四段可知，这个项目只在少数学校试用，因此D表述错误。
3．The underlined word “spurred” can be replaced by ________.
A. encouraged
B. prevented
C. damaged
D. cut
答案与解析A词义猜测题。由文中“had a positive influence on the attitude of students”可知，机器人教师能对学生的学习态度产生积极影响，spur意为“鼓励；激发”。
B
Why should you tour Spain with SpainExchange?
◇We design, and personalize (个性化) your tour to fit your desires and needs.
◇We are Spain insiders: w e are located in Spain and w e kno w the country.
You get the tour you want. You do not have to follow a schedule, but we encourage you to make your own with our help. If you have a few cities in Spain that you want to visit or a specific theme for your tour that needs some fine-tuning (微调), we can do it for you. We can assist you in developing the tour that fits you and your students.
You get more for your money. Yes, it may cost you the same price as with the other companies —usually less —but you will receive more in return. With any other company you will be mixed with other groups. With SpainExchange, your tour is for you and your students only: your group alone will be in your bus; your students will be housed in double rooms; they will have 2 paid meals per day, and your entrance fees will be on us.
Your students will have an educational experience they'll never forget.
The students will learn about world history, art history, archeology, Spanish culture, and much more. Many students have “fallen in love” with Spain and make plans for future studies here. And teachers are amazed at how much Spain has to offer. As one teacher said, “I can't wait to come back and see the rest.”
Only a professional Spain insider that is flexible to design the tour that fits your group can provide all that for you. Just tell us what you want and enjoy the ride.
语篇解读本文是应用文。想去西班牙旅行吗？SpainExchange会为你设计一个个性化的、令人难忘的西班牙之旅。
4．What is the advantage of SpainExchange over other touring companies?
A. It is designed for your personalized needs.
B. It is much cheaper than the tours from other companies.
C. It is organized by a Spanish-speaking agency.
D. It offers double rooms and 2 paid meals per day.
答案与解析A细节理解题。根据第二句话“We design and personalize (个性化) your tour to fit your desires and needs.”可知A项正确。根据正文第二段第二句“Y es, it may cost you the same price as with the other companies ...”可知B项错误；C项并不是SpainExchange所特有的优点；D项不全面。
5．Who do you suppose this passage is written to?
A. School teachers.
B. College students.
C. Spain locals.
D. Exchange professors.
答案与解析A推理判断题。根据正文第一段最后一句“We can
assist you in developing the tour that fits you and your students.”可知本文是写给学校老师看的。
6．The passage is probably taken from ________.
A. Wild “Burning” Journey Back to Spain
B. Spain Teaching School Tries Something New
C. A World of Novels: Picks for Best Foreign Fictions
D. Tour Brochure: Learning beyond Classroom
答案与解析D推理判断题。这篇文章是关于西班牙旅游的相关事宜，因此应当出自旅游小册子。
7．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. SpainExchange is located in Spain and know the country well.
B. SpainExchange can do some fine-tuning to your schedule according to your needs.
C. The money you pay to SpainExchange is more than that you pay to other companies.
D. The teacher's entrance fees will be paid by SpainExchange.
答案与解析C细节理解题。根据正文第二段第二句话可知C项说法是错误的，故选C项。
C
The parents of a troubled teen may feel unsure as to whom to turn to in order to find help for their child. They may feel as if they have exhausted all of their options, and sometimes they are on the verge of giving up. But there is hope. Schools for troubled teens offer discipline and in some cases, drug treatment programs that can provide important life skills, and more
importantly, a fresh start.
The following is a list of the most effective types of schools for troubled teens. Not every facility is a match for every child, but by knowing the differences between them, parents can make a better educated decision about where to send their teenager.
Boarding Schools
When a child is unable to deal with the relative freedom of a standard school day, boarding schools might be a good choice. At boarding schools, the child lives in a dorm setting, where almost every minute of the day is scheduled by school administrators.
Treatment Centers
When a teenager has an addiction to drugs or alcohol, a residential treatment center that specializes in young people is an outstanding way to help them break the cycle of addiction. Treatment centers feature individual and group counseling to help identify the root causes of the drug problem and help develop the life skills needed to stay clean when the program is over.
Wilderness Programs
Designed to help improve the discipline and self-reliance of the child, wilderness programs send kids back to nature. By placing them in a foreign, and sometimes uncomfortable setting, wilderness programs hope to improve children's behavior. Programs generally include hikes, exercise programs and team building exercises.
Boot Camps
Boot camps are the most extreme style of school for troubled teens. These facilities are modeled after actual military boot camps, where the individual must get into shape, work as part of a team, and follow a long, hard set of rules and regulations. However, boot camps might not be the best choice for a teen with a drug addiction.
语篇解读本文主要介绍了几类适合问题少年的学校。
8．As the author suggests, schools for troubled teens ________.
A. care more about discipline than life skills
B. are becoming more and more popular with teens in trouble
C. can completely change troubled teens
D. can be a good choice for some desperate parents
答案与解析D推理判断题。根据文章开头“The parents of a troubled teen may feel unsure as to whom to turn to in order to find help for their child ... But there is hope.”可知答案。
9．According to the passage, boarding schools ________.
A. provide children with more freedom
B. pay much attention to team building exercises
C. have their students' time managed carefully
D. can make children feel safer
答案与解析C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“where almost every minute of the day is scheduled by school administrators.”可知答案。
10．If teens get addicted to drugs, their parents would most probably turn to ________.
A. boarding schools
B. treatment centers
C. wilderness programs
D. boot camps
答案与解析B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“When a teenager has an addiction to drugs or alcohol, a residential treatment center ...”可知答案。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We often associate generosity with money and wealth. __11__ Generosity is all about giving and you can give your time, attention, love, help, and a smile. Are you ready to become a more generous person? Try some of these tips and see how they will change your life.
Be generous to yourself. Before you can become generous to others, you need to learn to be generous to yourself. You need to take good care of yourself and your needs. Be generous in giving yourself time to relax or enjoy a hobby. __12__ Above all, acknowledge your importance in this world.
Start by giving a little but don't give money. One of the smallest and cheapest things you can give to others is your smile. __13__ Notice how different it will make you feel and how differently people will treat you. If such a little thing can change so much, then how much will you change by giving your time and attention?
Give what you really feel you want to give. __14__ If you are just learning to be generous, then it is better to start with small steps. For example, give a dollar to a street artist whose performance you enjoyed or a few dollars to a church or charity.
__15__ If you do not feel like giving at first, please try one of the following methods. If you make a donation to a food bank, then imagine happy faces of children who see candy and tasty treats at their table. Think about how happy your kids will be if you give them a full day of your undivided attention and time. Aren't you willing to help somebody right now?
A. However, this is not always true.
B. Set aside more time for your own kids.
C. Don't hesitate to spend money on your health.
D. Imagine how your gift will change somebody's life.
E. Generosity that does not come from the heart is worthless.
F. So start being generous by smiling to everybody at least for a day.
G. They feel that their life is more meaningful and they appreciate it more.
答案11.A12.C13.F14.E15.D
第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
I know little about my grandmother. We are __16__ by 5,000 miles, and there is a __17__ barrier; I wish I could speak her dialect (方言)．At the age of 75, she still picked nuts in __18__. It is __19__ work. The nuts are gathered from the __20__ after they fall. To collect them, workers have to squat (蹲) to walk; __21__ would be hard enough even without the Hawaiian sun. I asked my mom why my grandmother works even though she does not need the money. She __22__ that my grandmother enjoys the work and the feeling of __23__ something.
With the money she saves from working, my grandmother will stock up on __24__ to bring to her village in the Philippines that has no electricity or running water. The people there are __25__ to receive even the most __26__ American goods. The children love the toys, and the favourite gifts for adults are towels. My grandma usually __27__ her own clothes, leaving Hawaii with many bags and boxes and __28__ with only the clothes on her back.
Most of what I know about my grandmother is from __29__ my mom has told me. Even so, I think we're very alike. Though I've never spent an
8-hour workday picking nuts, I have spent __30__ days on a ladder building a roof for a family. When I finished this task, I felt the same __31__ of achievement my grandmother has after she gathers her nuts.
This work helped me __32__ the importance of her generosity. I learned from her that one person could have a great __33__ on the world. Even though she's small in __34__，she's big in heart, bringing happiness and __35__ to an entire village.
16．A. divided B. separated
C. related
D. connected
17．A. distance B. language
C. culture
D. geography
18．A. Hawaii B. America
C. Philippine
D. Asia
19．A. complex B. brain
C. simple
D. hard
20．A. sea B. tree
C. ground
D. shade
21．A. there B. what
C. which
D. it
22．A. explained B. promised
C. predicted
D. complained
23．A. donating B. pretending
C. trading
D. achieving
24．A. supplies B. offering
C. gifts
D. toys
25．A. surprised B. proud
C. shameful
D. happy
26．A. expensive B. beautiful
C. wonderful
D. basic
27．A. gives away B. gives in
C. gives up
D. gives off
28．A. returning B. wearing
C. going
D. traveling
29．A. truth B. account
C. stories
D. news
30．A. cold B. rainy
C. hot
D. comfortable
31．A. reason B. sense
C. content
D. condition
32．A. recognize B. realize
C. imagine
D. expect
33．A. effort B. choice
C. impact
D. crush
34．A. height B. size
C. theory
D. practice
35．A. value B. goods
C. money
D. hope
答案与解析
语篇解读本文是记叙文。祖母年事已高，不缺钱花，但她坚持捡坚果卖钱来买一些玩具、毛巾等美国商品，送给她老家菲律宾的一个村庄的父老乡亲。祖母喜爱劳动并享受给予别人帮助的快乐。
16．B根据首句“I know little about my grandmother.”和“by 5,000
miles”说明祖母和我们相距遥远。separate指放置为相隔的和保持相隔的；divide暗示通过切开、劈开或分割形成几部分、几份额或几份来分离。
17．B由第一段最后一句可知作者并不会讲祖母的方言，因此作者与祖母有“语言(language)”障碍。
18．A根据21空后的“even without the Hawaiian Sun”，可知祖母居住在Hawaii(夏威夷)，故祖母在“夏威夷(Hawaii)”捡坚果。
19．D根据后文信息“To collect them, workers have to squat to walk”和“would be hard enough even without the Hawaiian sun”可见这是一件比较“艰辛的(hard)”工作。
20．C根据“after they fall”暗示的信息，坚果掉落应当落到“地面(ground)”上。
21．D此处涉及标点符号的运用。在英语中的分号相当于并列连词and，故选D项it。此处如果用逗号，则为定语从句。
22．A根据前文中“I asked my mom why my grandmother works even though she does not need the money.”可知妈妈“解释了(explain)”我的疑问。
23．D根据后文中提到的“I felt the same sense of achievement my grandmother has after she gathers her nuts.”可知此处选D项。
24．A根据后文中“The children love the toys, and the favourite gifts
for adults are towels.”可知祖母带去的都是“日用品(supply)”。
25．D根据“The children love the toys, and the favourite gifts for adults are towels.”和文章最后一句信息“bringing happiness and hope to an entire village”可知D项最为恰当。
26．D根据“The children love the toys, and the favourite gifts for adults are towels.”可知这都是些“基本的(basic)”生活日用品。
27．A give away“送掉；分发”；give in“屈服”；give up“放弃”；give off“发出(蒸汽、光等)”。根据前文信息：这个菲律宾村落相当落后，祖母每次都给他们“分发(give away)”美国货。
28．A与前文中“leaving Hawaii with many bags and boxes”信息相对应故选A项。
29．C句意为“我所知道的祖母的大多数情况是从妈妈给我讲的‘故事(stories)’中知道的。”
30．C根据“I think we're very alike”和第二段中“even without the Hawaiian sun”可知此处C项最为恰当。
31．B根据第二段最后一句可知此处应选B项。
32．B该句句意：这项工作帮助我“认识到(realize)”慷慨的重要性。recognize“认出”；imagine“想象”；expect“期盼”。
33．C固定短语have a great impact on“对……有重要影响”。
34．B根据“she's small”的暗示可知in size“在外形上”最恰当。这句话是说祖母虽然矮小，但有一颗伟大而无私的心。in theory“在理论上”；in practice“在实践中”。
35．D结合第三段信息可知，这个菲律宾村庄很落后，是祖母给整个村庄带来幸福和“希望(hope)”。
第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空格处填入适当的内容(每空不多于三个单词)或使用括号中单词的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在相应位置上。
Ticket seller: Next! Can I help you?
Jack: Yes, hi. I'd like to buy four tickets from Shanghai to Hong Kong.
Ticket seller: When do you want to travel?
Jack: Early next week. Monday would be the best.
Ticket seller: 36.________ (fortunate), the Shanghai —Hong Kong Express only runs on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.
Jack: 37.________ problem. What time on Tuesday?
Ticket seller: There's an express train that leaves at 13：00, and a regular train 38.________ (leave) at 19：00.
Jack: How long do 39.________ take?
Ticket seller: The express train 40.________ (take) 14 hours and the regular train 22 hours.
Jack: The express would be 41.________ (good)．
Ticket seller: Okay, four tickets for Tuesday' Express ... Oh, I'm sorry —they 42.________ (book) out. There are still tickets available for the regular train though, 43.________ ticket for Thursday.
Jack: Okay, the regular train is fine. How much is it for one ticket?
Ticket seller: 350 yuan.
Jack: Is there a concession fare (优惠票价) for children?
Ticket seller: 200 yuan for children under 12.
Jack: Okay, so two adult tickets and two concession tickets for next Tuesday.
Ticket seller: Certainly. That's 1,100 yuan44.________ total. You'll need to be in the station one hour 45.________ departure. Enjoy your journey.
答案与解析
36．Unfortunately根据后面的语境可知该空表达的是“不幸地是”，填Unfortunately。
37．No No problem.“没问题”。
38．leaving所给词在句中为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词 a regular train，且leave与其逻辑主语a regular train为主动关系，故用其现在分词形式作定语。
39．they they指代前一句提到的快车和慢车。
40．takes所给词在句中作谓语且表经常的动作应填一般现在时，填takes。
41．better本空暗含比较指快车比慢车好，填good的比较级better。
42．are booked所给词在句中作谓语且表被动的动作，故填一般时的被动语态。
43．a该空格填冠词a，表“一个”。
44．in in total“总共”。
45．before before departure“在离开前”。
第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节短文改错(每小题1分，满分10分)
英语课上，老师要求同桌同学相互修改作文。假设以下短文为你同桌所写，请你对其进行修改。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
3．必须按答题要求做题，否则不给分。
When I was four years old I got ill. I took medicine twice a day. The medicine had so a bitter taste that I took it mixed in orange juice. The problem was that I can still taste the medicine. In a particular afternoon my mother brought the drink in. As she gave it to me, when the phone rang and she went to answer it. I looked at the orange drink and decided I couldn't face them, so I hid the glass behind a pile magazines. Of course, when my mother was asked, “Have you already taken your medicine？”I said, “Yes.” I felt very pleased with me. The next day, my mother found drink when she was doing the housework. She looked at me serious and said, “It's bad to tell lies！”
答案
When I was four years old I got ill. I took medicine twice a day. The medicine had so
a bitter taste that I took it mixed in orange juice. The
such
problem was that I can could still taste the medicine. In On
a particular afternoon
my mother brought the drink in. As she gave it to me, when ＼ the phone rang and she went to answer it. I looked at the orange drink and decided I couldn't face them it ， so I hid the glass behind a pile ∧of
magazines. Of
course, when my mother was ＼ asked, “Have you already taken your medicine ？” I said, “Yes.” I felt very pleased with me myself
. The next day, my
mother found ∧the
drink when she was doing the housework. She looked at
me serious seriously
and said, “It's bad to tell lies ！”
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
请你写一篇题为Our Monitor (我们的班长)的短文，字数在100左右。简况如下：
(1)他叫李华，个子高，身体好，精力充沛。他各科成绩都好，喜欢体育活动和小提琴；
(2)刚进校时，他的英语学习遇到困难，但他不怕困难，通过努力，不久在英语学习中取得了进步；
(3)他严于律己，乐于助人，是大家学习的好榜样。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 范文
Our Monitor
Li Hua is our monitor. He is tall, healthy and energetic. He does well in all subjects. He is fond of sports and is good at playing the violin.
Li Hua works hard at English. When he came to the school, he had
quite a lot of difficulties with the language. But he was not afraid of them and always tried hard to overcome them. He was active in class and did a lot of practice after class. No pains, no gains. With great efforts he made much progress in English study.
Li Hua is modest and always ready to help others. He is very strict with himself in his work and daily life. He sets us all a fine example.
人教版新课标高中英语选修7课文原文 Unit 1 Living well-Reading MARTY’S STORY Hi, my name is Marry Fielding and I guess you could say that I am "one in a million". In other words, there are not many people like me. You see, I have a muscle disease which makes me very weak, so I can't run or climb stairs as quickly as other people. In addition, sometimes I am very clumsy and drop things or bump into furniture. Unfortunately, the doctors don't know how to make me better, but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability. My motto is: live One day at a time. Until I was ten years old I was the same as everyone else. I used to climb trees, swim and play football. In fact, I used to dream about playing professional football and possibly representing my country in the World Cup. Then I started to get weaker and weaker, until I could only enjoy football from a bench at the stadium. In the end I went into hospital for medical tests. I stayed there for nearly three months. I think I had at least a billion tests, including one in which they cut out a piece of muscle from my leg and looked at it under a microscope. Even after all that, no one could give my disease a name and it is difficult to know what the future holds. One problem is that I don't look any different from other people. So sometimes some children in my primary school would laugh, when I got out of breath after running a short way or had to stop and rest halfway up the stairs. Sometimes, too, I was too weak to go to school so my education suffered. Every time I returned after an absence, I felt stupid because I was behind the others. My life is a lot easier at high school because my fellow students have accepted me. The few who cannot see the real person inside my body do not make me annoyed, and I just ignore them. All in all I have a good life. I am happy to have found many things I can do, like writing and computer programming. My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software when I grow up. Last year invented a computer football game and a big company has decided to buy it from me. I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself. As well as going to the movies and football matches with my friends, I spend a lot of time with my pets. I have two rabbits, a parrot, a tank full of fish and a tortoise. To look after my pets properly takes a lot of time but I find it worthwhile. I also have to do a lot of work, especially if I have been away for a while. In many ways my disability has helped me grow stronger psychologically and become more independent. I have to work hard to live a normal life but it has been worth it. If I had a chance to say one thing to healthy children, it would be this: having a disability does not mean your life is not satisfying. So don't feel sorry for the disabled or make fun of them, and don't ignore them either. Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to live as
选修六 Unit 1 1.adj. 现实主义的；逼真的；现实的 2.adj. 抽象的；深奥的n. 摘要 3.n. 雕塑 4.n. 雕刻家；雕塑家 5.n. 美术陈列室；画廊 6.n. 信任；信心；信念 7.adv. 忠实地 8.adv. 所以；因而 9.n. 目标；目的vi. & vt. 瞄准；（向某方向）努力 10.adj. 常规的；传统的；因循守旧的 11.adj. 典型的；有代表性的 12.adj. 明显的；明白的 13.n. 新生；复兴；复活 14.vt. 采用；采纳；收养 15.adj. 人道主义的 16.vt. 拥有；具有；支配 17.n. （尤作复数）所有；财产 18.adj. 卓越的；杰出的；极好的 19.n. 透视画法；透视图；观点 20.n. 技术；方法；技能 21.n. 巧合（的事）；（事情、口味、故事等）相合 22.巧合地 23.n. 杰作；名著 24.n. 印象主义；印象派 25.adj. 印象派的 n.印象派艺术家 26.adj. 后印象派的n. 后印象派艺术家 27.大量28.n. 阴影；影子 29.adj. 荒谬的；可笑的 30.adj. 争论的；争议的 31.n. 努力；尝试；企图vt. 尝试；企图 32.（可是）另一方面 33.vt. 预言；预告；预测 34.n. 风景；景色 35.adj. 确切的；特定的 36.n. 画像；身材；数字 37.n. 黏土 38.n. 评论家；批评者 39.n. 青铜；青铜色；青铜制艺术品 40.n. 大理石 41.vt. 雕刻；刻记 42.adj. 脆弱的；容易生病的；精致的 43.n. 帆布；画布 44.n. 咖啡馆；小餐馆 45.adj. 过敏性的；对……过敏的 46.adv. 有效地 47.n. 展览；陈列；展览会 48.adj.敢做敢为的;侵略的；好斗的 49.n. 学者 50.n. 肉；肌肉；肉体 51.活着的；本人 52.n. 几何学 53.n. 束；串 54.n. 林荫道；道路；大街 55.n. 喜爱；偏爱
选修6 Unit 1 Art-Reading A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD. The Middle Ages (5th to the 15th century AD) During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. The Renaissance (15th to 16th century) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values graduallv replaced those held in the Middle Ages.People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess t heir own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the roles of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. Impressionism (late 19th to early 20th century) In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal. from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes. Naturally, these changes also led to new painting styles. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.
Unit 1 Living well 知识目标 1．Get students to learn the useful words and expressions in this unit. eyesight，ambition，disabled，beneficial，in other words，clumsy，adapt，microscope，out of breath，absence，stupid，fellow，annoyed，all in all，industry，tank，make fun of，encouragement，adapt to 2．Help students to learn about disabilities and life of the disabled. 能力目标 1．Let students read the passage Marty's Story to develop their reading ability. 2．Enable students to know that people with disabilities can also live well. 情感目标 1．By talking about disabilities and life of the disabled，make sure students can learn some positive stories of the disabled. 2．Help them understand more about how challenging life can be for the disabled. 3．Develop students' sense of cooperative learning.
第一单元 路永在前方 阿什利塔·福曼是一位热衷挑战并总想争创吉尼斯纪录的运动员。在过去25年中，他大约(approximately)已经打破了93项吉尼斯世界纪录，至今，他仍然是其中20多项纪录的保持者，还包括拥有最多的吉尼斯纪录这一项。但是这些记录并不是像游泳或足球等一般运动项目那样创建的，而是阿什利塔试图在非常有趣的地点，在富有想像力的运动项目中打破的。 最近，阿什利塔完成了他的梦想:在所有七大洲破一项纪录，其中包括在澳洲玩呼啦圈，在南美洲的水下做弹簧单高跷游戏，在北美洲的热气球中做膝部深弯曲运动。 虽然这些活动看起来孩子气且令人发笑而不是让人肃然起敬，但实际上(in reality),完成这些活动需要强大的力量,健康的体格和坚定的决心。 想想吧,你一边走路,一边还要把一瓶牛奶顶在头上，你的脖子需要的多好的适应力。你可以停下来休息或吃东西，但瓶子必须呆在头上。 当阿什利塔站在75厘米高的瑞士球上时，看起来虽然很轻松容易，其实不然。呆在球上得一直全神贯注，还需要有极强的注意力和极好的平衡感。特别是在双腿开始抖动的时候，你还得使劲呆在球上。 然而沿着12英里的马路翻筋斗,情况又是怎样的呢？翻筋斗是一项艰苦的运动,因为你必须克服头晕、极度疲劳和痛苦。每翻滚一个小时,只允许休息5分钟,不过也可以短暂地停下来呕吐(vomit)。 做标准的体操(gymnastically)弓箭步动作向前，以最快的节奏走完1英里的路程是阿什利塔又一个出色的项目。弓箭步冲刺对你的双腿是一个极端艰苦的考验。开始时呈站立姿势，然后右脚向前迈一步，同时左膝触地，然后再站起来，左脚向前迈出一步，同时右膝触地。想想吧，这个动作要反复做1英里远！ 然而，这位有才能的运动员并不是天生的。小时候，他很不健康(unfit)，而且对运动毫无兴趣。但他却对《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》非常着迷(fascinated)。 阿什利塔究竟是怎样成为一位运动员的呢？这是一个有趣的故事。少年时,他就开始探究人生的深层的意义。他研究过东方宗教，16岁时，他发现了一位名叫斯里琴摩的印度静坐功(mediation)导师，住在纽约市他家附近。自从20世纪70年代初，阿什利塔就一直是斯里琴摩的学生。斯里琴摩指出，人们发展他们的体魂与发展他们的头脑、心灵和精神上的(spiritual)自我具有同等的重要性，并且他相信人的体能是没有局限的。 当阿什利塔1978年在纽约市中央公园进行的24小时自行车马拉松(marathon)比赛中获得第三名时，他就知道总有一天他将进入《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》。尽管从没有训练过，他还是受到他的精神领袖的敦促参加了马拉松比赛。因此,当他取得第三名的时候，他开始有了这样的认识：他的身躯只不过是他的精神的工具，而且他似乎能够利用他的精神力量去完成任何事。从那时起，阿什利塔就拒绝接受任何身体极限的说法。 由于有了这种新的信心, 阿什利塔于1979年第一次打破吉尼斯纪录——跳爆竹27000次。不断努力打破纪录的动机源来自他对斯里琴摩思想的虔诚。每次试图破纪录的时候，阿什里塔都会达到一个体力不可逾越的极限点。这个时候，他就会进入自己的内心深处，与他的灵魂(soul)和他的老师相沟通。 在创纪录的努力中，阿什利塔总是要感谢他的老师。事实上，他常穿着一件T恤衫，后背上有斯里琴摩的名言： “完美的道路只有一条,它就在你前方,永远在你前方。” 集中精力于……
西方绘画艺术简史 艺术是受一个民族的风俗和信仰影响。西方艺术风格经历了多次变革。因为西方艺术多种多样，在短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描述。因此，本书只谈及从公元六世纪开始以来最重要的几种艺术风格。 中世纪(5到15世纪) 在中世纪时期,画家的主要目的是把宗教主题表现出来。这一时期传统的艺术家无意于如实地展现自然和人物。这时的典型绘画充满了宗教的特征，体现出了对上帝的爱戴和敬重。但是，13世纪时绘画观念在改变是显而易见的，像乔托这样的画家开始以一种更现实的方式来画宗教场景。 文艺复兴时期（15世纪到16世纪） 在文艺复兴时期,新的思想和价值观逐渐取代了中世纪的思想和价值观。人们开始较少关注宗教主题而采取一种更人性化的生活态度。同时画家们回到罗马、希腊的古典艺术理念上。他们力争如实画出人物和自然。富人们想拥有自己的艺术品，这样就可以装饰自己的高级宫殿和豪宅。他们出价聘请著名艺术家不仅让他们画他们的活动和成就，还要他们画自己的肖像、房子和所有物。 在此期间，最重要的发现之一就是如何用透视法来画出事务。这一手法是1428年由马萨乔第一次使用的。当人们第一次看到他的画时，还以为是透过墙上的小洞来观看真实的场景，并对此深信不疑。如果没有发现透视法，就没有人能画出如此逼真的画。巧合的是，这一时期油画颜料也得到了发展，使得绘画的色彩看上去更丰富、更深沉。没有新的颜料和新的手法，我们就不能看到很多使这一时期著名的杰作。 印象派(19世纪后期到20世纪初期) 19世纪后期，欧洲发生了巨大的变化，从以农业为主的社会转变成了以工业为主的社会。许多人从农村迁入到新城市。有许多新发明和社会变革。这些变革也自然地促成了新的绘画风格。在那些突破传统画法的画家中有生活和工作在法国巴黎的印象派画家。 印象派画家是第一批室外写景的画家。他们急切地想把一天中不同时间投射到物体上的光线和阴影呈现出来。然而由于自然光的变化很快，印象派画家们必须很快地作画，因此，他们的画就不像以前那些画家们的画那样细致了。起初，很多人不喜欢这种画法，甚至还怒不可遏。他们说这些画家作画时漫不经心，粗枝大叶，而他们的作品更是荒谬可笑。 现代艺术(20世纪到今天) 在印象派作品的创建初期，他们是存在着争议的，但是如今已经被人们接受而成为我们现在所说的“现代艺术”的始祖了。这是因为印象派鼓励画家用一种崭新的视角看待他们的环境。如今，现代艺术风格有好几十种，然而如果没有印象派，那么这许多不同的风格也许就不可能存在。一方面，有些现代艺术是抽象的，也就是说，画家并不打算把我们眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来，而是集中展现物体的某些品质特征，用色彩、线条和形状把它们呈现出来。而另一方面，有些现代派的艺术作品却是那么真实，看上去就像是照片。这些风格如此不同。谁能预言将来会有什么样的绘画风格？
选修七 Unit1 1.profit n．收益；利润；盈利→ profitable adj. 有益的；有利可图的 https://www.doczj.com/doc/ad11057209.html,panion n．同伴；伙伴→ company n. 公司；商号；陪伴；同伴 3.adapt vt.使适应；改编→adaptation n．[U，C]适应；改编；改编的作品 4.absence n．[C，U]缺席；[U]缺乏→absent adj.缺席的；缺乏的→(present adj.出席的；在场的 5.access n．[U](接近的)方法；通路；可接近性(熟词生义) vt.进入；使用→accessible adj.可接近的；可进入的；可使用的 6.annoy vt.使……不悦；惹恼→annoyed adj.颇为生气的→annoying adj.使人烦恼的→annoyance n．[U]恼火 7.congratulate vt.祝贺；庆贺→congratulation n．[C]祝贺；贺词 8.beneficial adj.有益的；受益的→benefit n．& v.利益；好处；使受益 9.approval n．[U，C]赞成；认可→approve v.支持；赞成；同意→(disapprove v.不赞成→approving adj.赞许的 10.encouragement n．[U，C]鼓励；奖励→encourage v.鼓励；鼓舞→encouraging adj.鼓舞人心的 →encouraged adj.受到鼓舞的→courage n．[U]勇气；胆量 11.disability n．[U，C]伤残；无力；无能→disable vt.使残废；使失去能力→disabled adj.伤残的 12.ambition n．[U，C]雄心；野心→ambitious adj.有雄心的；有野心的 13.noisy adj.吵闹的；喧闹的→noisily ad v.吵闹地→noise n．[U，C]噪音 14.resign vi.& vt.辞职；辞去 15.conduct n．[U]行为；品行vt.指挥；管理；主持→ conductive adj. 传导性的；有传导力的→ conduction n.传导；输送 16.entry n.项目；进入；入口→ entrance n. 入口；进入；登场→ enter v.进入 17.abolish vt.废除；废止→ abolition n.废除；废止 18.resign vi. & vt.辞职；辞去（工作；职位等）→ resignation n.辞职；辞呈 19.slavery n.奴隶制→slave n.奴隶 20.assistance n.协助；援助→ assist vt. 帮助；协助→ assistant n.助手，助理 21.architect n. 建筑师→ architecture n. 建筑学 22.adequate adj.足够的；充分的→ adequately adv.足够地；充分地→ adequacy n. 足够；适当 23.handy adj.方便的；有用的→hand n.手；协助；手艺v. 给；传 24.basement n.地下室→base n. 底部；基地；基础；基数；vt. 以... 作基础
选修7 英语单词 Unit 1 a mbition 野心ambitious 有野心的adapt 使适应 adapt to 适合absence 缺席 annoy 使…不悦annoyed 颇为生气的annoyance 烦恼 all in all 总而言之 as well as 和assistance 协助 abolish 废止 abolition 废止 all the best 一切顺利architect 建筑师adequate 充分的access 方法accessible 可接近的approval 认可 b ump 撞击 bench 长凳 beneficial 有益的bowling 保龄球basement 地下室 c lumsy 笨拙的 cut out 切去 conduct 行为certificate 证书community 社会companion 伙伴congratulate 祝贺congratulation 祝贺 d ictation 听写disability 伤残 disabled 伤残的 dignity 尊严 e xit 出口 entry 入口 eyesight 视力earphone 耳机encouragement 奖励 f ellow 同类的 firm 公司 fulfilling 令人满意的 g raduation 毕业 h earing 听力 handy 有用的 i mpair 削弱 italics 斜体 in other words 换句话说in many ways 在很多方面l ap跑道的一圈 literature 文献 m eet with 遇到microscope 显微镜 make fun of 取笑mainstream 主流 n oisy 吵闹的 never mind 不必担心 o utgoing 外向的outwards 向外 out of breath 上气不接下气p arrot 鹦鹉 politics 政治学 profit 收益 psychology 心理学psychologically 心理学地r ow 一行 resign 辞去 s lavery 奴隶制syndrome 综合症状suitable 适合的 software 软件 sit around 闲坐着 t ank 大容器 tortoise陆龟 w heelchair 轮椅
高中英语选修6 Unit 1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones. Starting from the sixth century AD. The Middle Ages(5th to the 15th century AD) During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. The Renaissance(15th to 16th century) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. Impressionism(late 19h to early 20th century) In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal, from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes also led to new painting styles. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris. The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors. They were eager to show how light and shadow fell on objects at different times of day. However, because natural light changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly. Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters. At first, many people disliked this style of painting and became very angry about it. They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous. Modern Art(29th century to today) At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they are accepted as the beginning of what we call "modern art". This is because the
人教版高中英语必修7内容全解 话题素材——好好生活 好词 1.sympathy n. 同情 2.overcome vt. 克服 3.determination n. 决心 4.optimistic adj. 乐观的 5.progress n. 进步 6.be confident of sth. 对某事有信心 7.work together 共事；共同努力8.be active in 积极从事于 9.dream of/about 梦想…… 10.be sorry for 为……感到难过/愧疚 11.make it a rule to do sth. 做某事成为规定 12.be skilled in/at sth. 在……方面熟练 13.be available 可以利用的；有空的；可获得的 14.be in the lead 领先
15.live/lead a．..life 过……的生活 佳句 1.It_is_also_a_virtue_to forgive and forget, especially in such a competitive and stressful society. 原谅和宽恕也是一种美德，尤其是在这样充满竞争和压力的社会。 2.In the past decades, advances in medical technology have made_it_possible_for_people_to_live longer than in the past. 在过去的几十年，医疗技术的进步已经使人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。 3.In fact, we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as_important_as life itself. 事实上，我们必须承认，生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。 [精美语篇] Wang Hong is my classmate. She is a lovely girl. But at the age of ten，she became disabled in a big fire，which made her left eye blind and right arm lost. She didn't give up anything in spite of her disability. Not only has she learned to take care of herself，but also she encourages other disabled people to face life bravely and lead an active life. Wang Hong learns hard and takes the head in our class. And we are all inspired by her. We hope other people don't look down upon the disabled. What healthy people should do is do what we can to help them，such as making public equipment more convenient for them to use. 高频单词 1．disability (n.) 伤残；无力；无能→disabled (adj.) 伤残的 2．adapt (vt.) 使适应；改编→adaptation (n.) 适应；改编；改写本
艺术是受一个民族的风俗和信仰影响。西方艺术风格经历了多次变革。因为西方艺术多种多样，在短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描述。因此，本书只谈及从公元六世纪开始以来最重要的几种艺术风格。 中世纪(5到15世纪) 在中世纪时期,画家的主要目的是把宗教主题表现出来。这一时期传统的艺术家无意于如实地展现自然和人物。这时的典型绘画充满了宗教的特征，体现出了对上帝的爱戴和敬重。但是，13世纪时绘画观念在改变是显而易见的，像乔托这样的画家开始以一种更现实的方式来画宗教场景。 文艺复兴时期（15世纪到16世纪） 在文艺复兴时期,新的思想和价值观逐渐取代了中世纪的思想和价值观。人们开始较少关注宗教主题而采取一种更人性化的生活态度。同时画家们回到罗马、希腊的古典艺术理念上。他们力争如实画出人物和自然。富人们想拥有自己的艺术品，这样就可以装饰自己的高级宫殿和豪宅。他们出价聘请著名艺术家不仅让他们画他们的活动和成就，还要他们画自己的肖像、房子和所有物。 在此期间，最重要的发现之一就是如何用透视法来画出事务。这一手法是1428年由马萨乔第一次使用的。当人们第一次看到他的画时，还以为是透过墙上的小洞来观看真实的场景，并对此深信不疑。如果没有发现透视法，就没有人能画出如此逼真的画。巧合的是，这一时期油画颜料也得到了发展，使得绘画的色彩看上去更丰富、更深沉。没有新的颜料和新的手法，我们就不能看到很多使这一时期著名的杰作。 印象派(19世纪后期到20世纪初期) 19世纪后期，欧洲发生了巨大的变化，从以农业为主的社会转变成了以工业为主的社会。许多人从农村迁入到新城市。有许多新发明和社会变革。这些变革也自然地促成了新的绘画风格。在那些突破传统画法的画家中有生活和工作在法国巴黎的印象派画家。 印象派画家是第一批室外写景的画家。他们急切地想把一天中不同时间投射到物体上的光线和阴影呈现出来。然而由于自然光的变化很快，印象派画家们必须很快地作画，因此，他们的画就不像以前那些画家们的画那样细致了。起初，很多人不喜欢这种画法，甚至还怒不可遏。他们说这些画家作画时漫不经心，粗枝大叶，而他们的作品更是荒谬可笑。 现代艺术(20世纪到今天) 在印象派作品的创建初期，他们是存在着争议的，但是如今已经被人们接受而成为我们现在所说的“现代艺术”的始祖了。这是因为印象派鼓励画家用一种崭新的视角看待他们的环境。如今，现代艺术风格有好几十种，然而如果没有印象派，那么这许多不同的风格也许就不可能存在。一方面，有些现代艺术是抽象的，也就是说，画家并不打算把我们眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来，而是集中展现物体的某些品质特征，用色彩、线条和形状把它们呈现出来。而另一方面，有些现代派的艺术作品却是那么真实，看上去就像是照片。这些风格如此不同。谁能预言将来会有什么样的绘画风格？