阅卷须知：阅卷用红色墨水笔书写，得分用阿拉伯数字写在每小题题号前，用正分表示，不得分则在题号前写0；大题得分登录在对应的题号前；统一命题的课程应集体阅卷，流水作业；阅卷后要进行复核，发现漏评、漏记或总分统计错误应及时更正；对评定分数或统分记录进行修改时，修改人必须签名。
P art Ι Vocabulary and structure （20%） Directions: Choose the one that best complete each of the following sentences. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
1. It was January of 1940 and I was fresh out of graduate school starting my first ______ at the University of Kansas City.
A. turn
B. try
C. time
D. semester
2. There ______ not time enough in a single lifetime to invent for oneself everything one needs to know in order to be a civilized human.
A. has
B. have
C. is
D. are
3. My grandfather finally _______ to let me keep the wolf cub
A. wanted
B. agreed
C. happy
D. pleased
4. My uncle was to bring me home in his truck. But he was _________ by some urgent business .So I decided to come back home on my own.
基础英语（精读）考试试卷
A. busy
B. detained
C. disturbed
D. prevent
5. We could, of course, get tough with the people we already have in prison and keep them locked ________ for longer period of time.
A. up
B. in
C. at
D. with
6. Tom _______ in crowd because of his red cured hair.
A. stands out
B. stands off
C. stands over
D. stands by
7. Does he________ the necessary patience to do the job well?
A. remain
B. develop
C. possess
D. make
8. The university offers courses in a variety of _______.
A. businesses
B. firms
C. occupations
D. works
9. It has never ______ to me that gas must one day be replaced by some other form of energy.
A. came
B. occurred
C. happened
D. considered
10. I have no doubt _________ he will overcome all his difficulties.
A. while
B. whether
C. that
D. when
11. Never ______ such a beautiful place before.
A. did I see
B. had I seeing
C. have I seen
D. will I see
12. If he had taken his father’s advice, he _____ very rich now.
A. would have been
B. will be
C. is
D. would be
13. If it hadn’t been for her illness, she ________ the job in the Disneyland.
A. would have got
B. would got
C. will get
D. gets
14. Mary was the first woman _______ to such a post.
A. electing
B. to have been elected
C. being elected
D. the have elected
15. There is no point ______ the job you are not properly qualified.
A. in applying for
B. to apply for
C. cared for
D. having applied for
16. Though we have been here for a year. We haven’t yet ______to the climate here.
A. adopted
B. admitted
C. addicted
D. adapted
17. By investing wisely she _________ a fortune.
A. overtook
B. accumulated
C. confronted
D. faced
18. After the misfortunes, the once wealthy family slowly became______ again.
A. prosperous
B. imposing
C. miserable
D. frank
19. The only _______ to the farmhouse is across the field.
A. excess
B. consume
C. access
D. stimulate
20. You shouldn’t enter into a ________ until you have studied its provisions carefully.
A. contrast
B. contact
C. contract
D. contrary
Part II Close（15%）
Directions: there are 15 blanks in the following passage. For each
blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) . You should choose one answer that best fits into the passage.
We arrived in Spain for the first time a few weeks ago. I decided to 21 a car because we had sold the one we had in England before leaving home. Yesterday the sales office rang us to say the car was 22I had tried out a model like it before, but as I was not yet 23 driving in this city, my wife did not want me to collect it on my own so we went together to 24 it. We paid for the car and 25the papers. They told us that there was enough petrol to take us to a garage, where we could fill up. The 26 garage to the office was about 100 yards away and we got there 27 But when I turned into the main road I suddenly saw a lot of cars racing 28me. I got out of 29 as fast as I could by backing into the garage 30 and the man behind 31me.
"It’ s such a problem to 32 to drive on the right side, isn’t it?" my wife said. "Yes, if only I had had a few lessons for 33 ," I replied. "You had better go 34on the way home," my wife said. "You' d be sorry if you had 35on the first day, wouldn’t' t you?" While we were talking, the man behind got out of his car and said in good English," Would you mind telling me when you are thinking of leaving? Or are you going to sit in your car all day?"
21.A. borrow B. drive C. buy D. choose
22.A. right B. ready C. fixed D. sold
23 A. sure of B. satisfied with C. interested in D. used to
24. A. receive B. bring C. order D. fetch
25. A. accepted B. wrote C. signed D. copied
26.A best B. nearest C. quickly D. cleanest
https://www.doczj.com/doc/9f5429419.html,tely B. directly C. safely D. slowly
28 A. after B. with C. around D. towards
29.A. their way B. the garage C. their sight D. the car
30. A. at last B. once more C. as usual D. as well
31. A. caught B. cheered C. shouted at D. chatted with
32. A. prepare B. continue C. choose D. remember
33. A. discussion B. adventure C. experiment D. practice
34. A. carefully B. smoothly C. quickly D. differently
35. A an error B. a problem C. an accident D. a headache
Part III Reading Comprehension (20% )
Directions: There are two passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or qualified statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the best one.
Passage one
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
Laura walked towards the man. “It is terribly cold,” she said.
“Colder than ever,” the man said. “Now tell me what the hell you want.” He stared at Laura for few seconds, and the grinned. “Maybe you’d like to come inside and warm up.
”No. No, I don’t want to come in.” She took a deep breath. “I just wanted to know if you’re interested in selling your dog.”
‘’That worthless mutt?” The man pointed to a dog in the yard and laughed for a few seconds, then suddenly stopped. “I was just joking about the worthless part. He’s a pretty good dog. Yeah, I might be interested.”
“Well, he’s the kind of dog I’m looking for, and it doesn’t look to me like you’re too fond of him. I mean he’s tied up outside. I don’t see any food or water.”
“You just wait a minute, I take good care of that dog. The guy I got him from said he was a trained guard dog. Trouble is the stupid thing doesn’t even bark when strangers come around. But then I guess that wouldn’t matter to you. You’re probably just looking for a pet, huh?”
“Yeah, well here’s your chance to get rid of him. I’ll give you twenty dollars.”
He snorted(哼着鼻子说). “You expect me to sell a purebred guard dog for twenty dollars? Fifty dollars. That’s my price. You bring me fifty dollars, honey, and you got yourself a dog.” The man smiled. “Sure you don’t want to come in?”
Laura shook her head. “I’ll be back with the money.”Breakfast forgotten, she searched or and found a cash machine four blocks away. I can’t afford this, she thought as she punched the numbers into the machine. The dog will need a vet(兽医) and where am I to get the money for that? Her fears faded as she pictured the dog, curled up, not outside on the cold, hard ground, but in front of a glowing fireplace. Blue ceramic bowls filled with food and water sat in the corner of the kitchen, and she saw him, head held high, matching her stride on their daily walk
With the money in her purse she hurried back to the man’.
36. Why did Laura walk up to the man?
A) To ask him where she could buy a pet.
B) To see if she could buy his dog.
C) To give him a morning greeting.
D) To ask him to let her in and warm up.
37. For what purpose had the man bought the dog?
A) To protect his home.
B) To get rid of his loneliness.
C) To breed a pet dog.
D) To make money.
38. When Laura left home in the morning, she was most probably doing______
A) to take a walk
B) to get her breakfast
C) to get some cash
D) to buy the man’s dog
39. Judging from the passage, Laura is___________
A) a very rich lady
B) a rather poor girl
C) an animal protectionist
D) a social worker
40. How come Laura’s worry about money faded?
A) The dog will lead a happy life under good care.
B) She will soon get a good job and earn money to pay the vet.
C) She will have a guard dog beside her as she takes a walk.
D) She’s got the money in her purse to pay for the pet she desired
Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.
Although Thomas Jefferson did not begin the effort of designing the University of Virginia until late in his life, the education of the common man had occupied his thoughts for decades. He believed ignorance(无知) to be the enemy of freedom, and he wanted to correct what he considered to be the weakness of educational institutions(机构) modeled on European settings. He imagined that an “academical village”around a tree-lined lawn would provide an ideal setting in which to pursue higher education. The center of such a village would be a Temple of Knowledge that would house the university library.
When Virginia decided to set up a state university in 1818,, the retired U.S. President finally was able to devote his talent, time, and energy to create this new kind of educational institution. By the time he was finished with his design, Jefferson had invented an entirely new American setting for higher education: the college campus.
In 1812, Jefferson chose to begin building his “academical village” the University of Virginia, in Charlottesville, VA, far away from the center. He intended this spot to
promote leaning because it was natural and unspoiled, and far from anything that could distract or harm the students. The University consists of two rows of houses, five on each side, leading to a main building. This main building, the Rotunda, became the most important part of the University, because it contained the library. By focusing his entire institution on the library, instead of around the church, Jefferson revolutionized American university architecture.
Jefferson’s aim was to create a new institution form or his ideal educational system, a system he thought should give every citizen the information he needs for carrying out his daily business. This new approach to citizenship and education demanded a new type of university, one where students and professors could coexist and share ideas. He attempted to create this environment by combining the intellectual exchanges between departments could go on smoothly. Jefferson had also recognized the impotance of the students’ whole life, and given much thought and planning to the students’ dinning, living, and exercise facilities(设施)。
41. Jefferson devoted much of his thought to the education of the common man because he believed_____
A) everyone who loved freedom hated ignorance
B) a country could not be strong without education
C) an uneducated man could not gain full freedom
D) European educational institution did not suit America
42. According to Jefferson, the center of a university should be______
A) the church B) the library
C) the lawn D) the classroom
43. Jefferson chose to locate the University of Virginia far away from the city because______
A) land in the city center could not be found
B) there was a tree-lined lawn there
C) this was a European tradition
D) there was no distraction for the students
44. In Jefferson’s view, an ideal education system should_________
A) be one under which every citizen enjoys equal opportunity
B) give everyone the information he needs for conducting his business
C) ensure that everyone has a chance to enter an institution of higher leaning
D) provide students with a natural and unspoiled setting for learning
45. What was made easy by the revolutionized American campus?
A) Student’s learning B) Intellectual exchange
C) Professor’s teaching D) Both students’ and professors’ life.
Part IV Paraphrase (10% )
Directions: Paraphrase the following sentences.
46. New as I was to the faculty, I could have told the specimen a number of things.
47. The cold and loss of blood were taking their toll.
48. We think that punishment deters crime, but it just might be the other way around.
49. I’ll make it up to you.
50. And we had a scientist who, as I have since seen proved, had no rival west of the
Atlantic.
Directions: Translate the following Chinese into English.
51. 我们很高兴被邀请参加他们的婚礼。
52. 他们都很好，我们今天下午会讨论选哪一个的。
53. 后来他后悔跟他老板跑了。
54. 看完这些杂志后请放回原处。
55. 你们有没有把他的健康状况通知他的家人？（inform）
Translate the following English into Chinese.
56. It was terribly noisy, and Ann had to raise her voice.
57. Suddenly the rain stopped and the sky cleared. We were all overjoyed.
58. Each prisoner was locked in a small cell.
59. Wrongs must be righted once they are discovered.
60. We are not going to check into a hotel. We will just pitch a tent on the mountain.
Part VI Writing (15% )
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Techniques of Study. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) bellow.
1. 学习需要正确的方法
2. 简要介绍几种方法
3. 结束语
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大一英语期末考试试题精选 又到一个学期的期末了，大家复习好大学英语了吗?为大家精心挑选了一份大学英语第一学期期末试卷，供大家复习使用，希望能够帮助到大家! 大学一年级英语试卷 Part II Reading Comprehension (30 %) Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheetwith a single line through the center. Passage One Science is not a set of unquestionable results but a way of understanding the world around us. Its real work is slow. The scientific method , as many of us learned in school, is a gradual process that begins with a purpose or problem or question to be answered. It includes a list of materials, a procedure to follow, a set of observations to make and, finally, conclusions to reach. In medicine, when a new drug is proposed that might cure or control a disease, it is first tested on a large random group of people, and their reactions are then compared with those of another random group not given the drug. All reactions in both groups are carefully recorded and compared, and the drug is evaluated. All of this takes time and patience. It’s the result of course, that makes the best news—not the years of quiet work that characterize the bulk of scientific inquiry. After an experiment is concluded or an observation is made, the result continues to be examined critically. When it is submitted for publication, it goes to a group of the scientist’s colleagues, w ho review the work. Einstein was right when he said: “No amount of experimentation can ever prove me right, a single experiment can at any time prove me wrong.”
英语基础测试题 一、Fill in the blanks with ‘in on at’. 1. Li ping is sitting ____the chair. 2.Tom was born _____the first of October. 3.I came to Shenzhen______2002. 4.Sam’s party is _____May. It is _____the eighteenth of May. 5. There are 365 days______ each year . 6. My birthday is ______ the fourth of July. 7.I get up_____ seven o’clock ______the morning. 8.Now, it is twelve o’clock ______ noon. 9. There is a pencil _____his box. 10.Sally is playing ______ the park. 11.I like riding _______ the roller coaster. 12.Whose birthday is ______ February? 13.She usually goes to school _____ seven ______ the morning. 14.He wrote a letter to me _____ April of 2006. 15 .We have a holiday _____ the eleventh of May. 二、Fill in the blanks with ‘is , am ,are ,do ,does ’。 1.There _____swings, they _____ in front of the slide. 2.I _____ a good student and they ______good students ,too. 3、Where _____ the slide? It____ behind the swings. 4.What _____ you like doing in the park? I like playing on the swings. 5.When ______ Sandy get up ? He gets up at half past seven . 6.How ______you ? Fine. Thanks. 7.Where _____ you from? I _____ from Shenzhen. 8Where ______ you come from? I come from Shenzhen. 9.Look at those people. What _____ happening? 10.I ______ not afraid of monsters. 11.______ she work in the shop? Yes ,she ______. 12._____you go to school at 7:00 in the morning? Yes ,I _____. 13._____ you a student？ Yes, I _____. 14. Whose birthday ____ in February? Lily’s birthday ____ in February. 15.When _____ you have a holiday ? We have a holiday on the first of May. 三、Fill in the blanks with correct forms of verbs. 1. What subject does Sam _______(like)? He ______(like)English. 2.I am _______(read ) an English book now. 3.Wei fang ______(get up ) at seven in the morning every day. 4.I am good at _______and _______ (read, write) 5.He _______ (study) very hard. 6.We are lucky to have Sammy. Our team never ______(lose). 7.Please, may I_____ ( join ) the Sports Club? Yes, you may . 8.He often_______ (go)to catch fish . 9.He _______ (like) playing football and basketball. 10.They ______ ______(ride) on the roller coaster now. 1
试卷代码： 南京城市职业学院2015-2016学年度第二学期 酒店管理专业酒店英语期末考试试题 班级：学号：姓名： 2016年6月 一、单选题（每题1分，共20分） 1、Good morning. _______ I help you? A、Would B、Must C、May D、Am 2、I would like to _________ a room, please. A．order B、book C、see D、look 3. It’s very kind __________ you to help me. A．of B、to C、by D、for 4. What’s the ________ for a double room? A. right B. rate C、money D、for 5. I would like to book a double room ________ bath. A. with B. of C、by D、for 6.Excuse me, sir. You need to ________ the form. A. fill in B. fill on C、fill of D、fill for 7.We are looking forward to __________ you. A. see B. saw C、seeing D、sees 8.I'm afraid we are fully booked _______ the 5th. A. with B. of C、by D、for 9.Do you want to pay _____ cash or _____ credit card. A. in in B. by by C、by in D、in by 10.The porter will show you _______ your room. A. with B. to C、by D、for 11.My flight will leave ______ 6 pm today. A. with B. on C、at D、for 12.The hotel is full and there is someone ________ your room. A. take B. To take C、takes D、taking 13.Let me _______ you with your luggage.
英语阅读理解试卷分析 本次我们课题组收取了一个理科班和一个文科班学生的试卷，课题组成员有针对性的对这两个班学生的试卷进行分析和研究，发现了学生在做阅读理解时存在的一些问题，并也提出了解决方法。 一、存在问题 1﹑缺乏生活常识 现在有许多阅读文章与日常的生活有着密切的联系比如有一篇文章“A sign is another kind of language.”这类话题比较接近现实生活。 2﹑缺乏对东西方文化差异的了解 语言是一种特殊的社会文化现象它是人们在长期的社会生活实践中约定俗成的。每一种语言都是在特定的社会历史环境中产生和发展起来的因此每一种语言都反映出使用该语言的国家和民族在不同的社会历史时期所特有的文化现象。例如在一篇文章中有一个句子“You are indeed a lucky dog”如果按字面翻译成汉语就是“你真是一条幸运的狗。”这在汉语中完全是一句骂人的话。“狗”一词在中国人看来是贬义的如我们常说“癞皮狗”“狗崽子”“狗头军师”等等用来描绘所厌恶的人。可是在英语中这句话是说“你真是个幸运儿”。“狗”在这儿用来指人不但没有骂人的意思而且还表示一种亲昵的关系。在美国“狗”是家庭成员。人们认为它往往含有褒情善意。因此同一个词在不同的文化背景中意义不同。我们要想掌握和运用一门语言就必须了解并学习产生这门语言的社会背景文化否则就无法正确理解和运用这门语言。而在以往的外语教学中往往把主要精力
集中在语言知识的传授上而忽视了文化背景知识对语言的重要作用培养出来的大部分学生尽管掌握的词汇量很大语法知识也很好但却缺乏在不同的场合恰当地使用语言的能力有时运用母语的交际习惯来套用外语以至闹出笑话。 3﹑忽视阅读的时代特征 21世纪是信息高速时代对英语水平的要求越来越高。作为一名中学生适当的关心一下国家和国际的大事是非常必要的因为现在有不少的阅读文章和作文内容涉及当时正在发生的一些国内外大事。例如去年的很多试卷里出现的是北京奥运会和四川汶川大地震的话题，紧随时代。 4﹑缺乏猜词能力 阅读理解难度较高必须在有了充足的词汇的基础上才能进行阅读训练。它是检查学生英语学习水平的高低的重要标志。但是有部分学生缺乏根据上下文猜词的能力平时在阅读时依赖字典一旦在考试时文章里出现大量生词就会慌了手脚。在阅读过程中遇到生词是不可避免的。如果一遇到生词就去查字典或跳过去不看都会影响对文章的理解。这样就要猜测生词的意思。不同的语境单词的意思也就不一样。所以要根据上下文线索和构词法等知识去猜测。 5、缺乏阅读的推理技巧 有的同学还会经常碰到这样的问题文章本身对我来讲没有生词但做阅读理解题时经常会出现偏差。当然这种情况更多地是涉及到阅读理解的考试。说明学生在阅读过程中遇到了理解上的障碍因此在阅读理解中掌握一些推理技巧也是十分重要的。
each
C) He will go when he feels better. D) He won’t go as he hasn’t finished his work. 4. A) Check the timetable.B) Go to the railway station earlier. C) Travel on a later train.D) Cancel the trip earlier. 5. A) In New York.B) In Boston. C) In Newport.D) In Washington. 6. A) A clerk at the airport information desk. B) A clerk at the railway station information desk. C) A policeman. D) A taxi-driver. 7. A) A guest and a receptionist. B) A passenger and an air hostess. C) A customer and a shop assistant. D) A guest and a waitress. 8. A) He’s better.B) He’s feeling worse. C) He’s sick in bed.D) He has recovered. 9. A) The man didn’t want the woman to have her hair cut. B) The woman followed the man’s advice. C) The woman is wearing long hair now. D) The man didn’t care if the woman had her hair cut or not.
韩山师范学院2009年专升本插班生考试试卷 英语/英语（商贸英语）专业基础英语样卷 （请将答案写在答题卡） Ⅰ. Match each word with its definition: 10% Words: Definitions: 1) councilor 2) arrogant 3) fidget 4) impostor 5) intervene 6) dissipation 7) obscene 8) frailty 9) murmur 10) dingy 11) formidable 12) anguish 13) moribund 14) staunch 15) coma 16) commotion 17) restrain 18) egotism 19) distinctive 20) lust a)pleasurable but dangerous living b)morally disgusting; likely to corrupt c)person who pretends to be somebody he is not d)member of a group of people chosen to make laws, rules or decision for a country e)take action in order to prevent something from happening f)m ove about restlessly g)full of pride and self-importance h)dirty-looking; not fresh or cheerful i)at the point of death j)hold back from doing something k)clearly marking a person or thing as different from others l)a state of long unnatural deep unconsciousness caused by disease, poisoning, a severe blow and so on m)a weakness of character or behavior n)great physical and mental suffering o)speak in a low but not clear voice p)great or noisy confusion or excitement q)very strong, obsessive desire r)d ependably loyal and firm s)s elf-importance and self-conceit t)difficult to defeat Ⅱ. Fill in each blank with the derivative of the words in parentheses. 10% 1)They set up an ____ committee to advise workers on how to cut down on their expense. ( influent) 2)I want to know who has anything to say in ___.(oppose) 3)You could ____ on food by not going out to eat at the restaurants all the time. (economically) 4)After the hard work, his face _____ with sweat. (glisten) 5)The document was signed in the ____ of two witnesses. (present) 6)Many quarrels between friends are _____ at the time, but incredible afterwards. (evitable) 7)We stood in awe of the ____ of the mosque. (sacred) 8)Good news came in _____ from the battlefield. ( succeed) 9)We are engaged in a work which is ____ of time and energy. ( consume)
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A. some modern women prefer a life of individual freedom. B. the family is no longer the basic unit of society in present-day Europe. C. some professional people have too much work to do to feel lonely. D. Most Europeans conceive living a single life as unacceptable. 5.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A. To review the impact of women becoming high earners. B. To contemplate the philosophy underlying individualism. C. To examine the trend of young people living alone. D. To stress the rebuilding of personal relationships. Passage Two American dramas and sitcoms would have been candidates for prime time several years ago. But those programs －though some remain popular －increasingly occupy fringe times slots on foreign networks. Instead, a growing number of shows produced by local broadcasters are on the air at the best times. The shift counters longstanding assumptions that TV shows produced in the United States would continue to overshadow locally produced shows from Singapore to Sicily. The changes are coming at a time when the influence of the United States on international affairs has annoyed friends and foes alike, and some people are expressing relief that at least on television American culture is no longer quite the force it once was. “There has always been a concern that the image of the world would be shaped too much by American culture,” said Dr. Jo Groebek, director general of the European Institu te for the Media, a non-profit group. Given the choice, he adds, foreign viewers often prefer homegrown shows that better reflect local tastes, cultures and historical events. Unlike in the United States, commercial broadcasting in most regions of the world －including Asia, Europe, and a lesser extent Latin America, which has a long history of commercial TV －is a relatively recent development. A majority of broadcasters in many countries were either state-owned or state-subsidized for much of the last century. Governments began to relax their control in the 1980’s by privatizing national broadcasters and granting licenses to dozens of new commercial networks. The rise of cable and satellite pay-television increased the spectrum of channels. Relatively inexperienced and often financed on a shoestring, these new commercial stations needed hours of programming fast. The cheapest and easiest way to fill airtime was to buy shows from American studios, and the bidding wars for popular shows were fierce. The big American studios took advantage of that demand by raising prices and forcing foreign broadcasters to buy less popular programs if they wanted access to the best-selling shows and movies. “The studio priced themselves out of prime time,” said Harry Evans Sloan, chairman of SBS Broadcasting, a Pan-European broadcaster. Mr. Sloan estimates that over the last decade, the price of American programs has increased fivefold even as the international ratings for these shows have declined. American broadcasters are still the biggest buyers of American-made television shows, accounting for 90% of the $25 billion in 2001 sales. But international sales which totaled $2.5 billion last year often make the difference between a profit and a loss on show. As the pace of foreign sales slows －the market is now growing at 5% a year, down from the double-digit growth of the 1990’s －studio executives are rethinking production costs. 6. Which of the following best characterizes the image embodied in American shows? A. Self-contradictory B. Prejudice-free C. Culture-loaded D. Audience-targeted 7. The intervention of governments in the 1980’s resulted in __________ . A. the patenting of domination shows and movies B. the emergence of new commercial networks C. the promotion of cable and satellite pay-television D. the intense competition coming from the outside 8. The phrase “on a shoestring” (Para. 6) most probably means __________. A. in need of capital B. after a fashion C. on second thoughts D. in the interests of themselves 9. The main reason why American dramas and sitcoms are driven out of prime time is that ____. A. they lose competitiveness B. they are not market-oriented C. they are too much priced D. they fall short of audience expectations 10. American studio producers will give thought to production costs __________. A. if they have no access to popular shows B. because their endeavors come to no avail C. since bidding wars are no longer fierce D. as international sales pace slows down Passage Three How shops can exploit people's herd mentality to increase sales 1. A TRIP to the supermarket may not seem like an exercise in psychological warfare—but it is. Shopkeepers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they had intended. Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors. Now researchers are investigating how “swarm intelligence” (th at is，how ants，bees or any social animal，including humans，behave in a crowd) can be used to influence what people buy. 2. At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome，Zeeshan-ul-hassan Usmani，a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology，described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon. Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted: for instance，by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store，forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them. Mr Usmani and Ronaldo Menezes，also of the Florida Institute of Technology, set out to enhance this tendency to buy more by playing on the herd instinct. The idea is that, if a certain product is seen to be popular, shoppers are likely to choose it too. The challenge is to keep customers informed about what others are buying. 3. Enter smart-cart technology. In Mr Usmani's supermarket every product has a radio frequency identification tag, a sort of barcode that uses radio waves to transmit information，and every trolley has a scanner that reads this information and relays it to a central computer. As a customer walks past a shelf of goods, a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product. If the number is high, he is more likely to select it too.
《大学英语二》试卷分析 一、本试卷共包括七个部分： 1.V ocabulary and Structure 20% https://www.doczj.com/doc/9f5429419.html,plete the dialogue 10% 3.Fill in the blanks with the words given 10% 4.Reading Comprehension 30% 5.Translation 15% 6.Writing 15% 试题体现了英语教学的思想和要求。主要表现在：1.注重语言基础知识的考查,强调语言知识运用,大部分题目都创设了比较完整或相对独立的语境。2.定位语篇,突出能力考查,阅读都能把理解文章的主旨大意,掌握文章的整体要领作为命题的基本内容,旨在考查学生分析和解决问题的能力。3.大多数试题结构合理,难易基本适中。大部分考点中要求考生不仅要了解字面意义，还要结合上下文语境、联系相互的文化背景进行思考。参加本次考试的共34个教学班，平均分为79分。 二、试卷分析 1. 单项填空题。本题注重语境和知识点的覆盖面，未超出考纲规定的范围，也体现了以考查动词为主的理念。包含了动词短语、非谓语动词、动词时态语态题；另外,也考查复合句,冠词等语法知识。此部分学生的掌握程度也不错。 2. 补全对话题。语境设计合理，切近生活，考查了学生的日常交际能力。有利于课程改革和英语教学。这部分题学生得分率较高。 3. 阅读理解得分率较高。说明学生能够依据文章内容，进行概括归纳和推理判断的能力比较高。能理解文章的深层意思，从文章的信息中推断出答案。 5. 选词填空。掌握的欠缺，说明学生对英语语言的实际应用还有待提高好。 6. 翻译和写作。书面表达以检测考生运用书面英语的书面输出能力为目的，话题十分贴近学生生活，具有很强的现代气息，失分主要原因是词汇知识掌握不牢固。表现如下： 1、对单词记忆不准，书写时出错。 2、不会变化词性。 3、大部分学生的单词拼写有误。 建议加强词汇记忆的同时一定要注意训练学生正确运用词汇的能力。 三、今后教学方面的建议 1、认真研究考试说明，明确并把握英语命题改革的方向；针对性训练新的题型。 2、加强基本功训练，尤其是要加强单词记忆策略和单词拼写能力的培养。 3、加强学生在语境中对语篇和语义的领悟能力，培养学生的判断推理能力及文章深层 含义的理解。 4、进一步加强写作训练，提高学生遣词造句、组句成篇的能力，从而提高考生的书面 表达能力。
2010级大学英语第一学期期末考试(A卷) Jan., 2011 Part II Reading Comprehension (30 %) Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage One Science is not a set of unquestionable results but a way of understanding the world around us. Its real work is slow. The scientific method , as many of us learned in school, is a gradual process that begins with a purpose or problem or question to be answered. It includes a list of materials, a procedure to follow, a set of observations to make and, finally, conclusions to reach. In medicine, when a new drug is proposed that might cure or control a disease, it is first tested on a large random group of people, and their reactions are then compared with those of another random group not given the drug. All reactions in both groups are carefully recorded and compared, and the drug is evaluated. All of this takes time and patience. It’s the result of course, that makes the best news—not the years of quiet work that characterize the bulk of scientific inquiry. After an experiment is concluded or an observation is made, the result continues to be examined critically. When it is submitted for publication, it goes to a group of the scientist’s colleagues, who review the work. Einstein was right when he said: “No amount of experimentation can ever prove me right, a single experiment can at any time prove me wrong.” In August 1996, NASA announced the discovery in Antarctica of a meteorite（流星） from Mars that might contain evidence of ancient life on another world. As President Clinton said that day, the possibility that life existed on Mars billions of years ago was potentially one of the great discoveries of our time. After the excitement wore down and initial papers were published, other researchers began looking at samples from the same meteorite. Some concluded that the “evidence of life”was mostly contamination from Antarctic ice or that there was nothing organic at all in the rock. Was this a failure of science, as some news reports trumpeted? No! It was a good example of the scientific method working the way it is supposed to. Scientists spend years on research, announce their findings, and these findings