Exercise One
Complete each of the following sentences with the answer that best fits the meaning.
1.President ___ C____ said: ―While this reply stated that it seemed useless to continue the existing diplomatic negotiations, it contained no threat or hint of war or armed attack.‖
A. George W. Bush C. Franklin D. Roosevelt
B. Richard M. Nixon D. Dwight D. Eisenhower
2.President ___B____ said: ―I regret to tell you that very many American lives have been lost.‖
A. William J. Clinton C. Dwight D. Eisenhower
B. Franklin D. Roosevelt D. Ronald Reagan
3.President ____A___ said: ―The people of the United States have already formed their opinions and well understand the implications to the very life and safety of our nation.‖
A. Franklin D. Roosevelt C. George W. Bush
B. Richard M. Nixon D. Ronald Reagan
4.President ____C___ said: ―As a commander in chief of the Army and Navy, I have directed that all measures be taken for our defense.‖
A. William J. Clinton C. Franklin D. Roosevelt
B. Richard M. Nixon D. Ronald Reagan
5.President ___A____ said: ―Always will our whole nation remember the character
of the onslaught against us.‖
A. Franklin D. Roosevelt C. Dwight D. Eisenhower
B. Richard M. Nixon D. Ronald Reagan
6.President ____D___ said: "No matter how long it may take us to overcome this
premeditated invasion, the American people in their righteous might will win through to absolute victory.‖
A. William J. Clinton C. George W. Bush
B. Richard M. Nixon D. Franklin D. Roosevelt
7.President ____B___ said: ―There is no blinking at the fact that our people, our territory and our interests are in grave danger.‖
A. William J. Clinton C. Dwight D. Eisenhower
B. Franklin D. Roosevelt D. Ronald Reagan
8.President ___C____ said: ―With confidence in our armed forces—with the unbounding determination of our people—we will gain the inevitable triumph—so help us God.‖
A. George W. Bush C. Franklin D. Roosevelt
B. Richard M. Nixon D. Dwight D. Eisenhower
Exercise Two
Complete each of the following sentences with the answer that best fits the meaning.
1. ___A___ was 42 years old when sworn in as President of the United States in 1901, making him the youngest president ever.
A. Theodore Roosevelt C. William J. Clinton
B. George W. Bush D. Ronald Reagan
2. ___C___become Governor of New York in 1928, he was elected President in November 1932 at the depth of the Great Depression.
A. John F. Kennedy C. Franklin D. Roosevelt
B. Theodore Roosevelt D. Ronald Reagan
3. ___A___won the reelection in 1944 on the slogan ―Don’t change horses in
mid-stream.‖
A.Franklin D. Roosevelt C. Harry Truman
B. B. John F. Kennedy D. Dwight D. Eisenhower
4.At the nadir of the worst depression in American history, ___A____sent congress
a series of bills, which were believed to be the polices of ―New Deal‖.
A. Franklin D. Roosevelt C. Dwight D. Eisenhower
B. William J. Clinton D. Richard M. Nixon
5.Franklin D. Roosevelt is the first and the only American president serving the
country for __C___ terms.
A.2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
6.___D___was stricken with poliomyelitis (infantile paralysis) and never regained
the use of his legs in the summer of 1921.
A. Dwight D. Eisenhower C. William J. Clinton
B. Richard M. Nixon D. Franklin D. Roosevelt
Exercise Three
Cloze
Pearl Harbor Address to the Nation
Delivered 8 December 1941, Washington, D. C
Mr. Vice President, Mr. Speaker, Members of the Senate, and of the House of Representatives:
Yesterday, December 7th, 1941 -- a date which will live in infamy -- the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.
The United States was at peace with that nation and, at the solicitation of Japan, was still in conversation with its government and its emperor looking toward the maintenance of peace in the Pacific.
Indeed, one ___B___ Japanese air squadrons had commenced bombing in the
___B___ island of Oahu, the Japanese ambassador ___D___ the United States and his
colleague delivered to ___A___Secretary of State a ___A___reply to a recent American message. And___C___ this reply stated that it seemed useless to continue the existing diplomatic ___B___, it contained no threat or hint of war or of armed attack.
It ___D___ recorded that the distance of Hawaii from Japan makes it obvious that the attack was deliberately planned many days or even weeks ago. ___A___ the intervening time, the Japanese government has deliberately ___B___ to deceive the United States by false statements and expressions of hope for continued peace.
The attack yesterday on the Hawaiian islands has caused severe damage to American naval and military forces. I regret to ___C___that very many American lives have been lost. In addition, American ships have been reported torpedoed on the high seas between San Francisco and Honolulu.
Yesterday, the Japanese government also launched an attack against Malaya.
Last night, Japanese forces attacked Hong Kong.
Last night, Japanese forces attacked Guam.
Last night, Japanese forces attacked the Philippine Islands.
Last night, the Japanese attacked Wake Island.
___B___ this morning, the Japanese attacked Midway Island.
Japan has, therefore, undertaken a surprise offensive extending throughout the Pacific area. The facts of yesterday ___B___speak for themselves. The people of the United States have already formed their opinions and well understand the implications to the very life and safety of our nation.
As Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy, I have directed that all measures be ___D___ for our defense. ___A___always will ___B____remember the character of the onslaught against us.
No matter how ___B___ it may take us to overcome this premeditated invasion, the American people in their righteous might will win ___D___ to absolute victory.
I believe that I interpret the will of the Congress and of the people when I assert that we will not only defend ourselves to the uttermost, but will make __A____very certain that this form of treachery shall never ___C____endanger us.
Hostilities exist. There is no blinking at the fact that our people, our territory, and our interests are in grave danger.
With confidence in our armed forces, with the unbounding determination of our people, we will gain the inevitable triumph -- so help us God.
I ask that the Congress declare that since the unprovoked and dastardly attack by Japan on Sunday, December 7th, 1941, a state of war has existed between the United States and the Japanese empire.
1. A. hour before B. hour after C. day before D. day after
2. A. / B. American C. Japanese D. British
3. A. of B. for C. from D. to
4. A. our B. the C./ D. their
5. A. formal B. informal C. oral D. written
6. A. Because B. When C. While D. Whereas
7. A. relations B. negotiations C. exchanges D. efforts
8. A. is B. was C. has been D. will be
9. A. During B. For C. At D. By
10.A. thought B. sought C. planned D. tried
11.A. say B. / C. tell you D. talk about
12.A. But B. And C. Then D. Although
13.A. / B. and today C. and tomorrow D. or today
14.A. made B. done C. D. taken
15.A. But B. And C. Then D. Although
16.A. we B. our whole nation C. our whole country D. /
17.A. far B. long C. difficult D. hard
18.A. out B. over C. back D. through
19.A. it B. / C. that D. this
20.A. / B. once C. again D. more Exercise Four:
Choose the sentence which is not appropriate in the following paragraph.
1.B(A) Indeed, one hour after Japanese air squadrons had commenced bombing in
the American island of Oahu, the Japanese ambassador to the United States and his colleagues delivered to the Secretary of State a formal reply to a recent American message. (B) The United States was at peace with that nation. (C) While this reply stated that it seemed useless to continue the existing diplomatic negotiations, it contained no threat or hint of war or armed attack.
2.B(A) It will be recorded that the distance of Hawaii from Japan makes it obvious
that the attack was deliberately planned many days or even weeks ago. (B) I regret to tell you that very many American lives have been lost. (C) During the intervening time, the Japanese government has deliberately sought to deceive the United States by false statements and expressions of hope for continued peace.
3.D(A) The attack yesterday on the Hawaiian Islands has caused severe damage to
American naval and military forces. (B) I regret to tell you that very many American lives have been lost. (C) In addition, American ships have been reported torpedoed on the high seas between San Francisco and Honolulu. (D) Japan has therefore undertaken a surprise offensive extending throughout the Pacific area.
.
4.D(A) Japan has therefore undertaken a surprise offensive extending throughout
the Pacific area. (B) The facts of yesterday and today speak for themselves. (C) The people of the United States have already formed their opinions and well understand the implications to the very life and safety of our nation. (D) The American people, in their righteous might, will win through to absolute victory. Exercise Five:
Put the following sentences into appropriate and logical order.
1.
A.During the intervening time, the Japanese government has deliberately sought to deceive the United States by false statements and expressions of hope for continued peace.
B.It will be recorded.
C.The attack was deliberately planned many days or even weeks ago.
D.The distance of Hawaii from Japan makes the attack obvious.
2.
A.The attack yesterday on the Hawaiian islands has caused severe damage to American naval and military forces.
B.I regret to tell you that very many American lives have been lost.
C.In addition, American ships have been reported torpedoed on the high seas between San Francisco and Honolulu.
3.
A.The people of the United States have already formed their opinions and well understand the implications to the very life and safety of our nation.
B.The facts of yesterday and today speak for themselves.
C.Japan has therefore undertaken a surprise offensive extending throughout the Pacific area.
Exercise Six:
Translate the following words into Chinese
1.infamy
2. deliberately
3. solicitation
4.negotiation
5.intervene
6.torpedo
7. launch
8. grave
9. inevitable 10. unprovoked
Exercise Seven:
Fill in the blanks with word(s) given in the box. Change the form where necessary.
1. Republican leaders are making open ______ of the Italian-American vote.
2.Don't ______ in the affairs of another country.
3.This malicious and ______ attack astounded him.
4. His name will live in ______, i.e. He will always be held in disgrace.
5.It appears, however, that the Bismarck was not sunk by gunfire, and she will now be ______.
6.They wanted to ______ a general strike which would bring the state to the ground.
7.It was gradually borne in on us that defeat was ______.
8. The terms of the agreement were ______ vague.
9.The atomic bomb is characterized by the ______ injuries caused by radioactivity.
10.It contains basically all we have agreed upon during our ______.
Exercise Eight
Choose the best sentence marked A--F to complete each of the following passages
A.at the solicitation of Japan
B.the Japanese government has deliberately sought to deceive the United States
C.I regret to tell you that very many American lives have been lost.
D.a date which will live in infamy
E.one hour after Japanese air squadrons had commenced bombing in Oahu
https://www.doczj.com/doc/9f16237227.html,st night Japanese forces attacked Hong Kong.
1.Yesterday, Dec. 7, 1941 - _________________________ - the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.
2.The United States was at peace with that nation and, _________________________, was still in conversation with the government and its emperor looking toward the maintenance of peace in the Pacific.
3. Indeed, _________________________, the Japanese ambassador to the United States and his colleagues delivered to the Secretary of State a formal reply to a recent American message. While this reply stated that it seemed useless to continue the existing diplomatic negotiations, it contained no threat or hint of war or armed attack.
4. It will be recorded that the distance of Hawaii from Japan makes it obvious that the
attack was deliberately planned many days or even weeks ago. During the intervening time, _________________________ by false statements and expressions of hope for continued peace.
5. The attack yesterday on the Hawaiian Islands has caused severe damage to American naval and military forces. _________________________ In addition, American ships have been reported torpedoed on the high seas between San Francisco and Honolulu.
6. Yesterday the Japanese Government also launched an attack against Malaya.
__________________________________________________
Last night Japanese forces attacked Guam.
Last night Japanese forces attacked the Philippine Islands.
Last night the Japanese attacked Wake Island.
And this morning the Japanese attacked Midway Island.
Exercise Nine:
In most of the following lines, there is an error, either grammatically incorrect, or does not fit in with the meaning of the text.
If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet.
If there is an error, write the error on your Answer Sheet.
1.Japan has, therefore, undertaken a surprise offensive extended throughout the
2.Pacific area. The facts of yesterday and today speak for them. The people of
3.the United States have already formed its opinions and well understand the
4.implications to the very life and safety of our nation. As Commander-in-Chief of
5.the Army and Navy, I have directed that all measures are taken for our defense.
6.But always will our whole nation remember a character of the onslaught against
https://www.doczj.com/doc/9f16237227.html,. No matter how far it may take us to overcome this premeditated invasion, the
8.American people, in their righteous might, will win through the absolute victory.
9.I believe that I interpret the will of the Congress and of the people when I assure
10.that we will not only defend ourselves for the uttermost but will make it very
certain that this form of treachery shall never again endanger us.
Exercise Ten.
Read the following passage and answer the questions based on your reading.
Yesterday, December 7, 1941 — a date which will live in infamy — the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.
1.Who made this speech?
2.What was the purpose of his speech ?
3.To whom was the speech given?
4.When was the speech made?
5.When Pearl Harbor was attacked by Japanese forces?
6.Why is it said that the most memorable phrase of this speech comes in its first line.
7. Why did Roosevelt continue to use following vivid, emotional words throughout the speech?
■―suddenly and deliberately attacked‖
■―deliberately planned‖
■―deliberately sought to deceive‖
■―surprise offensive‖
■―unprovoked and dastardly‖
■―premeditated invasion‖
■―onslaught against us‖
■―this form of treachery‖
8.What was the purpose of Roosevelt saying ―I believe t hat I interpret the will of the Congress and of the people when I assert that we will not only defend ourselves to the uttermost but will make it very certain that this form of treachery shall never again endanger us.‖?
9.What was the purpose of Roosevelt’s use of repetition in his speech?
―the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.
......
Yesterday the Japanese Government also launched an attack against Malaya.
Last night Japanese forces attacked Hong Kong.
Last night Japanese forces attacked Guam.
Last night Japanese forces attacked the Philippine Islands.
Last night the Japanese attacked Wake Island.
And this morning the Japanese attacked Midway Island.
Japan has therefore undertaken a surprise offensive extending throughout the Pacific area.‖
10. Why did Roosevelt use following variations of ―Japan‖ and ―Japanese‖?
―the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.
......
Yesterday the Japanese Government also launched an attack against Malaya.
Last night Japanese forces attacked Hong Kong.
Last night Japanese forces attacked Guam.
Last night Japanese forces attacked the Philippine Islands.
Last night the Japanese attacked Wake Island.
And this morning the Japanese attacked Midway Island.
Japan has therefore undertaken a surprise offensive extending throughout the Pacific area.‖
（2）
Exercise One
Complete each of the following sentences with the answer that best fits the meaning.
1.President _______ said: ―Like every other -- Like every other citizen, I wish the
new President, and all who will labor with him, Godspeed.‖
A.Dwight D. Eisenhower C. Ronald Reagan
B.George W. Bush D. William J. Clinton
2. President _______ said: ―America is today the strongest, the most influential and most productive nation in the world.‖
A. William J. Clinton C. Ronald Reagan
B. Franklin D. Roosevelt D. Dwight D. Eisenhower
3.President _______ said: ―Unhappily the danger it poses promises to be of
indefinite duration.‖
A. Franklin D. Roosevelt C. George W. Bush
B. Dwight D. Eisenhower D. Ronald Reagan
4.President _______ said: ―Only thus shall we remain, despite every provocation,
on our charted course toward permanent peace and human betterment.‖
A. William J. Clinton C. Franklin D. Roosevelt
B. Dwight D. Eisenhower D. Richard M. Nixon
5.President _______ said: ―We recognize the imperative need for this development.
Yet we must not fail to comprehend its grave implications.‖
A. Ronald Reagan C. Dwight D. Eisenhower
B. Richard M. Nixon D. Franklin D. Roosevelt
6.President _______ said: "We must never let the weight of this combination
endanger our liberties or democratic processes.‖
A. Dwight D. Eisenhower C. Ronald Reagan
B. Richard M. Nixon D. George W. Bush
7.President _______ said: ―Another factor in maintaining balance involves the
element of time.‖
A. William J. Clinton C. Dwight D. Eisenhower
B. Franklin D. Roosevelt D. Ronald Reagan
8.President _______ said: ―During the long lane of the history yet to be written,
America knows that this world of ours, ever growing smaller, must avoid
becoming a community of dreadful fear and hate, and be, instead, a proud confederation of mutual trust and respect.‖
A.Ronald Reagan C. Franklin Delano Roosevelt
B.George W. Bush D. Dwight D. Eisenhower
Exercise Two
Complete each of the following sentences with the answer that best fits the meaning.
1. ______became the first Supreme Commander of NATO in 1951 and served as the thirty-fourth President of the United States from 1953 until 1961.
A. Franklin D. Roosevelt C. Dwight D. Eisenhower
B. Ronald Reagan D. Richard M. Nixon
2. ______ was the first term-limited president in accordance with the 22nd Amendment in American history.
A.Franklin D. Roosevelt C. Richard M. Nixon
B.Dwight D. Eisenhower D. William J. Clinton
3. _____was commissioned as the president of Columbia University after the World War II.
A. Dwight D. Eisenhower C. William J. Clinton
B. Richard M. Nixon D. Ronald Reagan
4. ______ was followed by John F. Kennedy as President of the United States.
A. Richard M. Nixon C. Franklin D. Roosevelt
B. Dwight D. Eisenhower D. Ronald Reagan
5. _____ went to the West Point from 1911 to 1915 and served in a variety of executive positions before the World War II.
A. Ronald Reagan C. George W. Bush
B. William J. Clinton D. Dwight D. Eisenhower
6. _____ had been a five-star general in the United States Army and served as Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces in Europe.
A. Dwight D. Eisenhower C. William J. Clinton
B. Richard M. Nixon D. Ronald Reagan
Exercise Three
Cloze
-1. We now ___1___ ten years past the midpoint of a century that has witnessed ___2___ major wars among great nations. Three of these involved our own country. Despite these holocausts America is ___3___the strongest, the most influential and most ___4___nation in the world. Understandably proud of this___5___, we yet realize that America's leadership and prestige depend, not merely upon our ___6___material progress, riches and military strength, but on how we use our ___7___in the interests of world peace and human betterment.
Progress toward these noble goals is persistently threatened by the ___8___ now
engulfing the world. It commands our whole attention, absorbs our very beings. We face a hostile ideology global in___9___, atheistic in character, ruthless in purpose, and insidious in method. Unhappily the danger it poses promises to be of indefinite duration. To meet it successfully, there is called for, not so much the emotional and transitory sacrifices of crisis, but rather those which enable us to carry forward steadily, surely, and without complaint the burdens of a prolonged and complex struggle –with liberty the___10___. Only thus shall we remain, despite every provocation, on our charted course toward permanent peace and human betterment.
1. A. stand B. are C. live D. go through
2. A. two B. three C. four D. five
3. A. still B. yet C. as before D. today
4. A. developed B. richest C. productive D. powerful
5. A. pre-eminence B. eminence C. progress D. influence
6. A. noble B. global C. unmatched D. unpopular
7. A. influence B. prestige C. leadership D. power
8. A. conflict B. holocausts C. struggle D. provocation
9. A. nature B. scope C. progress D. number
10. A. prosperity B. promises C. stake D. duration
2. Progress toward these noble goals is persistently threatened by the conflict now engulfing the world. It ___11___ our whole attention, absorbs our ___12___ beings. We face a hostile ideology global in scope, atheistic in character, ruthless in purpose, and insidious in method. ___13___ the danger it poses promises to be ___14___ indefinite duration. To meet it successfully, there is called for, not so much the emotional and transitory sacrifices of crisis, ___15___ those which enable us to carry forward steadily, surely, and without complaint the burdens of a ___16___ and complex struggle –with liberty the stake. ___17___ shall we remain, despite every provocation, on our charted course toward permanent peace and human ___18___.
A ___19___ element in keeping the peace is our military establishment. Our arms must be mighty, ready for instant action, so that no potential aggressor may be tempted to risk his own destruction.
Our military organization today ___20___ little relation to that known by any of my predecessors in peacetime, or indeed by the fighting men of World War II or Korea.
11. A. attracts B. draws C. commands D. pays
12. A. human B. very C. time D. life
13. A. Unhappily B. Unfortunately C. Unluckily D. Unknowingly
14. A. in B. within C. for D. of
15. A. but also B. but rather C. would rather D. rather than
16. A. prolonged B. longed C. lengthy D. lengthened
17. A. Only that B. Only thus C. Only then D. Only if
18. A. revolution B. progress C. betterment D. improvement
19. A. necessary B. important C. essential D. vital
20. A. builds B. takes C. has D. bears
Exercise Four:
Choose the sentence which is not appropriate in the following paragraph.
1.(A) Progress toward these noble goals is persistently threatened by the conflict
now engulfing the world. (B) Only thus shall we remain, despite every provocation, on our charted course toward permanent peace and human betterment. (C) It commands our whole attention, absorbs our very beings. (D) We face a hostile ideology global in scope, atheistic in character, ruthless in purpose, and insidious in method. (E) Unhappily the danger it poses promises to be of indefinite duration.
2.(A) Until the latest of our world conflicts, the United States had no armaments
industry. (B) American makers of plowshares could, with time and as required, make swords as well. (C) America is today the strongest, the most influential and most productive nation in the world. (D) But now we can no longer risk emergency improvisation of national defense.
3.(A) We recognize the imperative need for this development. (B) It commands our
whole attention, absorbs our very beings. (C) Yet we must not fail to comprehend its grave implications. (D) Our toil, resources and livelihood are all involved; so is the very structure of our society.
4.(A) Today, the solitary inventor, tinkering in his shop, has been overshadowed by
task forces of scientists in laboratories and testing fields. (B) The prospect of domination of the nation’s scholars by Federal employment, project allocations, and the power of money is every present—and is gravely to be regarded. (C) In the same fashion, the free university, historically the fountainhead of free ideas and scientific discovery, has experienced a revolution in the conduct of research. Exercise Five:
Put the following sentences into appropriate and logical order.
1.
A. Despite these holocausts America is today the strongest, the most influential and most productive nation in the world.
B. We now stand ten years past the midpoint of a century that has witnessed four major wars among great nations.
C. Understandably proud of this pre-eminence, we yet realize that America's leadership and prestige depend, not merely upon our unmatched material progress, riches and military strength, but on how we use our power in the interests of world
peace and human betterment.
D. Three of these involved our own country.
2.
A. We face a hostile ideology global in scope, atheistic in character, ruthless in purpose, and insidious in method.
B. It commands our whole attention, absorbs our very beings.
C. Progress toward these noble goals is persistently threatened by the conflict now engulfing the world.
D. Unhappily the danger it poses promises to be of indefinite duration.
3.
A.Only an alert and knowledgeable citizenry can compel the proper meshing of the huge industrial and military machinery of defense with our peaceful methods, and goals
B.We should take nothing for granted..
C.We must never let the weight of this combination endanger our liberties or democratic processes.
D.so that security and liberty may prosper together
Exercise Six:
Translate the following words into Chinese
3.holocaust 2. global 3. potential
4.impulse
5. preeminence 7.solitary 7. stake 8. captive 9. potential 10. substitute Exercise Seven:
Fill in the blanks with word(s) given in the box. Change the form where necessary.
1. An instantaneous and strong _______ moved him to battle with his desperate fate.
2. That _______ old man was suspected to be connected with the crime
3. He acted immorally when his own interests were at _______.
4. The information industry helps boost the _______ economy.
5. Those who try to quit often experience depression, severe headaches, and sometimes get a lot of weight as they turn to food as a _______.
6. In the development of consumer credit, efforts will be made to prevent _______ risks.
7. It is unthinkable that we shall allow a nuclear _______ to occur.
8. So far, none has as yet threatened the _______ of the US prototype.
9. He became a _______ to her charms.
10. He is a patient man, but not even he could sit down under that kind of _______. Exercise Eight
Choose the best sentence marked A--F to complete each of the following passages
A. with liberty the stake
B. whether sought or unsought
C. It commands our whole attention, absorbs our very beings.
D. We recognize the imperative need for this development.
E. Despite these holocausts America is today the strongest, the most influential and most productive nation in the world.
F. with time and as required
1.Progress toward these noble goals is persistently threatened by the conflict now
engulfing the world. ________________________________________________.
We face a hostile ideology global in scope, atheistic in character, ruthless in purpose, and insidious in method. Unhappily the danger it poses promises to be of indefinite duration.
2.We now stand ten years past the midpoint of a century that has witnessed four
major wars among great nations. Three of these involved our own country.
________________________________________________________________ Understandably proud of this pre-eminence, we yet realize that America's
leadership and prestige depend, not merely upon our unmatched material progress, riches and military strength, but on how we use our power in the interests of world peace and human betterment.
3.To meet it successfully, there is called for, not so much the emotional and
transitory sacrifices of crisis, but rather those which enable us to carry forward steadily, surely, and without complaint the burdens of a prolonged and complex struggle –_________________. Only thus shall we remain, despite every provocation, on our charted course toward permanent peace and human betterment.
4.Until the latest of our world conflicts, the United States had no armaments
industry. American makers of plowshares could, ___________________, make swords as well. But now we can no longer risk emergency improvisation of national defense; we have been compelled to create a permanent armaments industry of vast proportions.
5.This conjunction of an immense military establishment and a large arms industry
is new in the American experience. The total influence – economic, political, even spiritual –is felt in every city, every State house, every office of the Federal government. _______________________________. Yet we must not fail to
comprehend its grave implications. Our toils, resources and livelihood are all involved; so is the very structure of our society.
6.In the councils of government, we must guard against the acquisition of
unwarranted influence, ___________________________, by the military-industrial complex. The potential for the disastrous rise of misplaced power exists and will persist.
Exercise Nine:
In most of the following lines, there is an error, either grammatically incorrect, or does not fit in with the meaning of the text.
If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet.
If there is an error, write the error on your Answer Sheet.
1.It is the task of statesman to mold, to balance, and to integrate these and other
2.forces, new and old, with the principles of our democratic system – ever aiming
3.toward the supreme goals of our free society. Another factor in maintaining
4.balance involves the factor of time. As we peer into society’s future, we – you
5.and I, and our government – must avoid the impulse to live only in today,
6.plundering, for our own ease and convenience, the precious resources of
7.tomorrow. We cannot mortgage the material assets of our grandchildren by
8.risking the loss also of their political and spiritual heritage. We want democracy
9.to survive for all generations to come, not to become the insolvent phantom of
10.tomorrow. Down the long lane of the history yet to be written America know that
this world of ours, ever growing smaller, must avoid becoming a community of dreadful fear and hate, and be, instead, a proud confederation of mutual trust and respect.
Exercise Ten.
Read the following passage and answer the questions based on your reading.
We now stand ten years past the midpoint of a century that has witnessed four major wars among great nations. Three of these involved our own country. Despite these holocausts America is today the strongest, the most influential and most productive nation in the world. Understandably proud of this pre-eminence, we yet realize that America's leadership and prestige depend, not merely upon our unmatched material progress, riches and military strength, but on how we use our power in the interests of world peace and human betterment.
1.Who made this speech?
2.Why was the speech made?
3.To whom was the speech given?
4.When was the speech made?
5.Which year did the speaker refer to when he said: ―We now s tand ten years past the midpoint of a century...‖
6.―We now stand ten years past the midpoint of a century that has witnessed four major wars among great nations.‖ Please list some of these four major wars.
（3）
Exercise One
Complete each of the following sentences with the answer that best fits the meaning.
1.President _______ said: ―And all the decisions I have made in my public life I
have always tried to do what was best for the nation.‖
A. George W. Bush C. Franklin D. Roosevelt
B. Richard M. Nixon D. Dwight D. Eisenhower
2.President _______ said: ―But the interests of the nation must always come before
any personal considerations.‖
A. Richard M. Nixon C. Dwight D. Eisenhower
B. Franklin D. Roosevelt D. Ronald Reagan
3.President _______ said: ―I have never been a quitter.‖
A. William J. Clinton C. George W. Bush
B. Richard M. Nixon D. Franklin D. Roosevelt
4.President _______ said: ―As we look to the future, the first essential is to begin
healing the wounds of this nation.‖
A. William J. Clinton C. Richard M. Nixon
B. George W. Bush D. Franklin D. Roosevelt
5.President _______ said: ―For more than a quarter of a century in public life, I have
shared in the turbulent history of this evening.‖
A.William J. Clinton C. Ronald Reagan
B.Richard M. Nixon D. Franklin D. Roosevelt
6.President _______ said: ―I have fought for what I believe in. I have tried, to the
best of my ability, to discharge those duties and meet those responsibilities that were entrusted to me.‖
A. William J. Clinton C. Franklin D. Roosevelt
B. George W. Bush D. Richard M. Nixon
7.President _______ said: ―I pledge to you tonight that as long as I have breath of
life in my body I shall continue in that spirit.‖
A.Richard M. Nixon C. Ronald Reagan
B.George W. Bush D. Franklin D. Roosevelt
8.President _______ said: ―To have served in this office is to have felt a very
personal sense of kinship with each and every American.
A.Richard M. Nixon C. Ronald Reagan
B.George W. Bush D. Franklin D. Roosevelt
Exercise Two
Complete each of the following sentences with the answer that best fits the meaning.
1.______was the only president to resign the office of his presidency in American
history.
A. Richard M. Nixon C. George W. Bush
B. William J. Clinton D. Dwight D. Eisenhower
2. ______had previously served as the 36th Vice President of the United States under Dwight D. Eisenhower from 1953 to 1961.
A. Richard M. Nixon C. Lyndon Johnson
B. John F. Kennedy D. Gerald Ford
3. After Dwight D. Eisenhower’s death, the then president, _____ eulogized him as ―truly the first citizen of the world.‖
A.John F. Kennedy C. Richard M. Nixon
B. Harry S. Truman D. Franklin D. Roosevelt
4._______was the first American President to visit P. R. China.
A.Ronald Reagan C. Richard M. Nixon
B.William J. Clinton D. George W. Bush
5.Richard M. Nixon stepped down from office in 1974 for his _____scandal.
A.Water gate C. White Water
B.Zipper gate D. Desert Storm
6.The election in 1968 had climaxed _______ a career unusual on two counts: early
success （two-term’s Vice President in his 40s) and comeback after being defeated for President (by John Kennedy) in 1960 and for Governor of California in 1962.
A.Ronald Reagan C. William J. Clinton
B.Richard M. Nixon D. Dwight D. Eisenhower
Exercise Three
Cloze
But ___1___ the disappearance of that base, I now believe that the constitutional purpose has been ___2___, and there is no longer a need for the process to be ___3___.
I would have ___4___ to carry through to the ___5___ whatever the personal agony it would have ___6___, and my family unanimously urged me to do ___7___. But the interest of the Nation must always come before any ___8___ considerations. From the discussions I have had with Congressional and other leaders, I have concluded that because of the Watergate ___9___ I might not have the support of the Congress that I would consider ___10___ to back the very difficult decisions and carry out the duties
of this office in the way the interests of the Nation would require.
21.A. because of B. due to C. as D. with
22.A. served B. obtained C. reached D. made
23.A. extended B. prolonged C. drawn out D. lengthened
24.A. preferred B. chosen C. sought D. thought
25.A. conclusion B. close C. finish D. complete
26.A. involved B. included C. implied D. contained
27.A. this B. that C. it D. so
28.A. personal B. private C. individual D. selfish
29.A. affair B. matter C. scandal D. incident
30.A.indispensable B. vital C. necessary D. essential Exercise Four:
Choose the sentence which is not appropriate in the following paragraph.
1.(A) I have never been a quitter. (B) I would have preferred to carry through to the
finish whatever the personal agony it would have involved. (C) To leave office before my term is completed is opposed to every instinct in my body. (D) But as President, I must put the interest of America first.
2.(A) But with the disappearance of that base, I now believe that the constitutional
purpose has been served. (B) And as I recall the high hopes for America with which we began this second term, I feel a great sadness that I will not be here in this office working on your behalf to achieve those hopes in the next two and a half years. (C) But in turning over direction of the Government to Vice President Ford, I know, as I told the Nation when I nominated him for that office 10 months ago, that the leadership of America will be in good hands.
3.(A) To continue to fight through the months ahead for my personal vindication
would almost totally absorb the time and attention of both the President and the Congress in a period when our entire focus should be on the great issues of peace abroad and prosperity without inflation at home. (B) Therefore, I have had discussions with Congressional and other leaders. (C) Therefore, I shall resign the Presidency effective at noon tomorrow.
.
4.(A) In passing this office to the Vice President, I also do so with the profound
sense of the weight of responsibility that will fall on his shoulders tomorrow and, therefore, of the understanding, the patience, the cooperation he will need from all Americans. (B) By taking this action, I hope that I will have hastened the start of that process of healing which is so desperately needed in America.
Exercise Five:
Put the following sentences into appropriate and logical order.
1.
E.they were made in what I believed at the time to be the best interest of the Nation.
F.I regret deeply any injuries that may have been done in the course of the events that
led to this decision.
G.and some were wrong,
H.I would say only that if some of my Judgments were wrong,
2.
A.however our judgments might differ.
B.And to those who have not felt able to give me your support,
C.let me say I leave with no bitterness toward those who have opposed me,.
D.because all of us, in the final analysis, have been concerned with the good of the
country,
3.
8.But with the disappearance of that base,
9.I now believe that the constitutional purpose has been served.
10.And there is no longer a need for the process to be prolonged.
Exercise Six:
Translate the following words into Chinese
4.agony 2. precedent 3. instinct 4. crucial
5.unanimously
6.inflation
7. turbulent
8. resign
9.eternally 10. starvation Exercise Seven:
Fill in the blanks with word(s) given in the box. Change the form where necessary.
1. His reason agreed his _______ rebelled; he could not have said why.
2. Both sides _______ believed that the talk had positive results.
3. The lash of public opinion compelled him to _______.
4. Recovering slowly, with _______, from each of these recurrent blows, his unquenchable exuberance had lived.
5. The crucial victory drew a line under what had been a _______week for the capital city club.
6. Not until the Great Depression of 1929 did widespread _______ threaten the American people.
7. Imposing a lenient sentence for such a serious crime sets a dangerous _______.
8. I'm _______ grateful to Steve McClaren and happy to get this opportunity. I want to do my best to stay in this squad.
9. _______ is the Government's main bugbear.
10. Money plays a _______ role in the administration and development of libraries. Exercise Eight
Choose the best sentence marked A--F to complete each of the following passages
D.whatever the personal agony it would have involved
E.the constitutional purpose has been served
F.I no longer have a strong enough political base in the Congress to justify
continuing that effort.
G.what was best for the Nation
H.so many decisions have been made
I.I might not have the support of the Congress
1.This is the 37th time I have spoken to you from this office, where
________________________that shaped the history of this Nation. Each time I have done so to discuss with you some matter that I believe affected the national interest.
2.In all the decisions I have made in my public life, I have always tried to do
__________________________.Throughout the long and difficult period of Watergate, I have felt it was my duty to persevere, to make every possible effort to complete the term of office to which you elected me.
3.In the past few days, however, it has become evident to me that
___________________________. As long as there was such a base, I felt strongly that it was necessary to see the constitutional process through to its conclusion, that to do otherwise would be unfaithful to the spirit of that deliberately difficult process and a dangerously destabilizing precedent for the future.
4.But with the disappearance of that base, I now believe that
__________________________, and there is no longer a need for the process to be prolonged.
5.I would have preferred to carry through to the finish
___________________________, and my family unanimously urged me to do so.
But the interest of the Nation must always come before any personal considerations.
6.From the discussions I have had with Congressional and other leaders, I have
concluded that because of the Watergate matter _____________________________ that I would consider necessary to back the