第六章(Chapter6)形容词和副词(Adjectives and Adverbs)
高考考点：
1.多个形容词修饰名词时的顺序；
2.比较级表达最高级含义的用法；
3.能用于修饰比较级的词或短语；
4.近义形容词、副词在具体语境中的运用；
5.形容词和副词的辨析
6.1 形容词及其用法
1）作定语、表语和宾语补足语的用法。
2）比较等级原级、比较级、最高级
(1) 构成：-er; -est; more; the most
（2）基本句型
比较级形式+ than …
the+ 最高级形式+ in/of …
as + 原级形式+ as …
not as （so）+ 原级形式+as …
6.1.1 形容词在句子中的作用
形容词在句子中主要用作：定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。
【必背典例】
1.Shanghai is a big industrial city. (定语)上海是一座大工业城市。
Of the 20 people present, I know only one.(后置定语)
2.I felt glad that my sister was well again.(表语)
3.We found him asleep on the sofa.(宾语补语--构成复合宾语) 我们发现他在双人沙发上睡着了。
4.They came over,eager to help. (状语)他们跑了过来，亟于帮忙。
Afraid of the hardships, they stopped half-way.(状语) 由于害怕困难，他们中途停了下来。
5.He read all kinds of books, ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign. (间或用作同位语)他看了各式各样的书，古今中外都有。
6.Strange to say/Strangely enough, he did pass the exam after all. (独立成分)说也奇怪，他考试竟然及格了。
【考点1】表语形容词和定语形容词
【考例】A piece of ____ music will make you happy.(1992上海)
A. fond
B. pleased
C. merry
D. glad
【透视】C
【超链接】定语形容词与表语形容词
A．表语形容词：有的形容词一般只作表语，如表示健康状况的well, unwell, ill, faint，表示情感反应的glad, sorry, fond, worth, able，以a开头的afraid, alone, asleep, alive, awake, alike, ashamed等。但有的可作后置定语或补语。
B．定语形容词：通常只作定语的形容词，如起强调作用的only(唯一的), single(唯一的), certain(某一), real(真正的), true(真正的), very(正是), live(活的), exact(准确的), present(在场的)，由名词等转化而来的wooden(木制的), woolen(羊毛制的), drunken(醉的), medical, daily, weekly, electric, former(前任的), some, any, little, many, 及one-eyed之类的复合形容词等。如：This is a medical school. (不说This school is medical. )
表语形容词
叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如：afraid 害怕的。
（错）He is an ill man.（对）The man is ill.
（错）She is an afraid girl.（对）The girl is afraid.
这类词还有：
(1) 以a-开头的表语形容词有：害怕孤独不活着；明白害羞睡又醒；很相象。afraid,alone, alive, aware，ashamed, asleep, awake, alike。
She feels lonely when she is alone.
注意：不可直接用very来修饰这些词？有固定的副词来修饰它们
all／very much alone非常孤单very much afraid非常害怕fast/sound asleep熟睡的wide awake十分清醒的greatly ashamed非常害羞的
但：可以用作后置定语.其前有副词修饰时可作前置定语
the fast asleep boy
the wide awake soldiers
a somewhat afraid girl有些害怕的
(2)表示健康状况的：well身体好的，ill，unwell，faint虚弱的; 昏眩的(sick既可作表语又可作定语，ill 如作定语意为“bad” )
(3)表示情感反应的：glad, sorry, fond, (well) content，(非常)满足的，满意的
unable不能的 (well) worth(非常)值得的
定语形容词
(1)其强调作用的：main elder former latter inner outer upper real live活的
aged mere only，very，single，exact，live（活的,实况转播的）
（2）由名词等转化来的：wooden，woolen，drunken，medical，electric，former，daily，weekly
区分作定语与作表语时的含义差别
certain某一/无疑；一定present现在的/出席的
late已故的/迟到的ill坏的/有病的
ill effect 副作用
fall ill
a sick man 一个病人
feel sick
【特别警示】下列形容词不能接复合不定式，应接从句作表语
certain理所当然的apparent明显的likely很可能的clear明显的probable可能的certain
clear
It is likely that …
probable
apparent
It is certain for sb. to do sth.（错）
It is possible but not probable that I shall go there next week.
【精练】
1.When they came in, Mr Harris＿like a baby. Nobody would like to wake him from a good dream, because he needed rest.
A. fell asleep
B. was sound asleep
C. got asleep
D. went to sleep
2.The storm kept me＿＿＿all through the night.
A .awake B. awoke C. awaked D. awoken
3.During the hurricane the night before, Tom lay in bed, , the rushing winds.
A. awake; was listening to
B. awake; listening to
C. waking up; was listening to
D. woke up; listening to
4.To plant the tree, we must dig _____.
A. a three feet deep hole
B. three-foot-deep a hole
C. a hole three feet deep
D. a three-feet-deep hole
5.The new research team was led by the ____ engineer.
A. main
B. major
C. chief
D. primary
6.David was lying in bed, _____ , listening to an English pop song.
A. awoke
B. awake
C. waking
D. wake
7.My uncle was still on the_______ leave at home.
A. ill
B. sick
C. disease
D. illness
8.We’ve published large quantities of books．This year______ we’ve published three million．
A．only B．just C．alone D．merely
9.Not only the astronauts but also the dog has returned ________ from the space journey.
A. alive
B. lived
C. live
D. life
10.He was so tired that as soon as he lay down he fell ____ asleep.
A. fast
B. very
C. much
D. deep
11.Lying in bed, he was ____ awake with his eyes fixed on the ceiling.
A. wide
B. open
C. deep
D. clearly
【答案与简析】BABCC BBCAA A
1.be sound asleep意为“睡得正香”。
2.A。awake是形容词作宾补。B
【考点2】以-ly结尾的形容词
【巧记】名词+ly = 形容词
新课标十大以-ly结尾的派生形容词
daily ['de?l?] a. 每日的；日常的ad. 每天n. 日报
friendly ['frendl?] a. 友好的
hilly ['h?l?] a. 丘陵的；多小山的
holy ['h??l?] a. 神圣的
likely ['la?kl?] a.很可能的
lively ['la?vl?] a. 活泼的;充满生气的
lonely ['l??nl?] a. 孤独的，寂寞的
lovely ['l?vl?] a. 美好的，可爱的
smelly ['smel?] a. 有臭味的,发出臭味的
weekly ['wi?kl?] a. 每周的
【考例】
1.The lessons given by Mr．Smith are always ____ and interesting．(上海2001春)
A．lovingly B．lovely C．lively D．vividly
2.Green products are becoming more and more popular because they are environmentally_______.(福建卷06-26)
A. friendly
B. various
C. common
D. changeable
【透视】1.C. lively 生动的vividly是副词2.A
（天津卷04）
However , we seldom felt lonely or helplessly . We enjoyed our happy life . 80. helpless
1）改错：(错）She sang lovely.
（错）He spoke to me very friendly.
（对）Her singing was lovely.
（对）He spoke to me in a very friendly way.
2）有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词。
daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early
The Times is a daily paper.
The Times is published daily.
【精练】
1.The music he is playing sounds_____.
A. nicely
B. sweetly
C. lively
D. pleasantly
2.Their cheerful voices showed that they were having a ________ discussion.
A. noisy
B. serious
C. friendly
D. lively
【答案与简析】1.C sound是连系动词，后面要求接形容词。而四个选项中，只有lively是形容词。
6.1.2用形容词表示类别和整体
【考点3】the + adj.表一类人的用法
作用/用法
1）定冠词+形容词:表示某一类人作主语时,动词用复数
the absent 缺席者
the aged 老年人
the brave 勇敢者
the dead 死人
the dying 要死的人
the disabled 残疾人
the living 活着的人
the oppressed 被压迫者
the present 出席的人
the sick 病人
the strong 强者
the weak 弱者
the wise 聪明人
the wounded 伤员
the deaf and mute 聋哑人
the lost 失踪的人
the missing 失踪的人
the homeless无家可归的人
the hungry 饥饿的人
the young/old
the poor/rich
the brave/wise
the ignorant无知者
the learned
the injured
the educated
The educated are more to be pitied than blamed.
The poor are losing hope.
2）有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体，与动词的复数连用。
the British，the English，the French，the Chinese.
The English have wonderful sense of humor.
3） the beautiful=beauty
the good=goodness
the true=truth
The good is always beautiful;the beautiful is always good.
【备考押题】
1.Nurses are required to look after _____.
A. sick and wound
B. sick and wounded
C. the sick and wound
D. the sick and wounded
D
6.1.3 形容词的排列位置
【考点4】多个形容词修饰名词的顺序
【讲解】多个修饰语并列修饰一个名词时，总的顺序为“限定词十形容词+名词”。几个形容词的重要性差不多，音节少的形容词在前，音节多的方在后，在不能确定时，可参照下表：
限定词+数量词（序数词在前，基数词在后）+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词
those + three + beautiful + large + square old + brown + wood + table
限定词的排列顺序为：all/both/half/double /倍数词/分数词+冠词/指示代词/物主代词/名词所有格/ some/any/no/every/each ＋基数词/序数词
/little/few/last/next/other/another/more，形容词的排列顺序为：大小、长短、高低、新旧、颜色、国籍、材料、用途、类别等。如：
1. He is a kind honest old man.
2. This useless old geography book doesn't belong to me.
3. My house is finished with three comfortable dark brown chairs.
特别提示：
①在表示“另、再、又”的意义时通常用“ another ＋数词+名词”或“数词＋more /other＋名词”的词序排列。
②当such 与some, any, no, every ,each, all, another, other, several, few, many, one, two 等连用时，such须置于这些词后。
【记忆诀窍1】记忆歌诀：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新旧；
颜色国籍出材料，作用类别往后靠。
其中，“限定词”包括：冠词、物主代词、指示代词、或数词，它位于各类形容词前。它本身分为三位，即：前、中、后。前位限定词有all、half、both、分数和倍数；中位限定词有冠词、指示代词、物主代词等；后位限定词有基数词和序数词，但序数词位于基数词前。如:both my hands、all half his income等。“描绘”性形容词如：beautiful、bad、cold、great等。“大长高”表示大小、长短、高低等一些词。表示“形状”的词如：round square等。“国籍”指一个国家或地区的词。“材料”的词如：wooden, woolen, stone,silk等。“作用类别”的词如：medical, college，writing desk，police car等。
a small round table
a tall gray building
a dirty old brown shirt
a famous German medical school
an expensive Japanese sports car
【记忆诀窍2】同音联想法：限定词+观点性形容词+表形状、大小的形容词+表年龄、新旧的形容词+表颜色的形容词+表国家产地的形容词+表示材料的形容词+被修饰的名词
缩短简化为：“县官行令杀国才。”
县：限定词----all/ both/such ；one's（his/ my/our）the / that/ this/ these；first/ second；one/ two
官：观点性形容词----good, beautiful, lively
行：形状、大小----long, round, big, small
令：年龄、新旧----old, young, new
杀：颜色----red, yellow, white
国：国籍、产地、出处----Chinese, Japanese
才：物质、材料----cotton, metal
巧记1:第一限定词：all/ both/such (三大第一限定词，一定放在最前面)第二限定词：his/ my/ the / that/ this/ these
第三限定词：first/ second…. last第四限定词：one/ two… some/ little/ few/ much/ many/ enough
如：last few sunny days. all his three boys, all that much.
顺口溜:总县(限)官，大行(形)令(龄)，杀(色)国才(材)，目的用途名词前。
如：all the first three good little young Chinese student writers(所有首批三位个子矮小年轻优秀的中国学生作家)
such位于不定冠词a／an之前，位于no，some，many，few，one，two等数词之后。
【历届考题链接】
1.Tony is going camping with ____ boys.(93)
A. little two
B. two little other
C. two other little
D. little other two
2.The husband gave his wife _____ every month in order to please her.(重庆2004)
A. all half his income
B. his half all income
C. half his all income
D. all his half income
3.--How was your recent visit to Qingdao？
--It was great. We visited some friends，and spent the ______days at
the seaside. （NMET95）
A. few last sunny
B. last few sunny
C. last sunny few
D. last few sunny
4.This ____ girl is Linda's cousin.(2005北京)
A. pretty little Spanish
B. Spanish little pretty
C. Spanish pretty little
D. little pretty Spanish
5. _____ students are required to take part in the boat race. (浙江2004-24)
A. Ten strong young Chinese
B. Ten Chinese strong young
C. Chinese ten young strong
D. Young strong ten Chinese
6.Radio, television and press ______of conveying news and information.
A are the most three common means
B are the most common three means
C are the three most common means
D are three the most common means
7. John Smith, a successful businessman, has a _____ car. (辽宁2004-22)
A. large German white
B. large white German
C. white large German
D. German large white
8. The _____ house smells as if it hasn’t been lived in for years. (江苏2004)
A. little white wooden
B. little wooden white
C. white wooden little
D. wooden white little
Keys: 1-5 CABAA 6-10.CBA
6.本题考查名词修饰语的顺序，一般定冠词应放在最前面，数词应放在其他形容词的前面，故答案为C。【备考押题】
1.—Do you need anything else ？
--Yes，we still need ______aircraft.
A. more two
B. two more
C. other two pieces of
D. two other pieces of
2.We drink ______coffee at the cafe.
A. very good hot
B. some very hot good
C. some very good hot
D. some good very hot
3.He saw nothing but a ______table in the farm house.
A. round small wooden
B. small round wooden
C. round wooden small
D. small wooden round
4. When I was a child my grandmother told me______ stories.
A. many such funny
B. such many funny
C. many funny such
D. funny many such
5.One day they crossed the ____bridge behind the palace.
A. old Chinese stone
B. Chinese old stone
C. old stone Chinese
D. Chinese stone old
6.This accident took place on a ________ morning in September.
A. Sunday cold rainy
B. rainy Sunday cold
C. rainy cold Sunday
D. cold rainy Sunday
7.—Can I help you?
—Well, l'd like to buy a handbag.
A．black small shiny silk B．small shiny black silk
C．silk black shiny small D．shiny black small silk
8. John’s mother bought her a skirt on her birthday.
A. Chinese beautiful blue silk
B. Chinese blue beautiful silk
C. beautiful blue Chinese silk
D. beautiful blue silk Chinese
9.-- Will you please ________ the new teacher for us?
-- I’m glad to. He’s a ________ man with good manners.
A. describe, handsome tall young
B. introduce, tall young handsome
C. say, handsome young tall
D. tell, young handsome tall
10.You’d better think of ________ possibilities before doing it.
A. such these
B. these all
C. all such
D. such all
Keys:1-5 BCCAA 6-10 DBCAC
Walking and running are the oldest, and the newest, excellent ________ exercise for all ages and fitness levels.
A. bodies shaping
B. body’s shape
C. bodies shaped
D. body shaping
D 12.body和shaping均作定语修饰exercise，body是名词作定语表示类别，shaping是动名词作定语，表示性能或用途。
6.1.4形容词作后置定语
形容词是表示人或事物的性质、特征或属性的一类词。它在句中可以充当定语，对名词起修饰、描绘作用，还可以充当表语、宾语补足语等。形容词作定语修饰名词时，一般放在被修饰的名词之前，称作前置定语。但有时也可放在被修饰名词之后，称作后置定语。
下面对形容词作后置定语的情形作一归纳，供同学们复习时参考。
常见的几种修饰语后置的情况：
【考点5】后置定语
【考点5.1】enough
【最新考例】NMET2000单项填空的第8题：
________ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.
A. Brave enough students
B. Enough brave students
C. Students brave enough
D. Students enough brave
【透视】考查enough作副词时修饰形容词的位置。由于本题中的enough是副词，所以要置于被修饰的形容词brave之后，整个形容词短语brave enough to take this adventure course作后置定语，修饰名词Students，全句的意思是：有足够勇气选修这门历险课程的学生将会学到很多有用的技能。故答案应选C。
【历届链接】
1.--Mum, I think I'm ________ to get back to school.(NMET93)
--Not really, my dear. You'd better stay at home for another day or two.
A. so well
B. so good
C. well enough
D. good enough
2. If I had ________, I'd visit Europe stopping at all the small interesting places. (NMET98)
A. a long enough holiday
B. an enough long holiday
C. a holiday enough long
D. a long holiday enough
3._______, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. （04上海春季）
A. Strangely enough
B. Enough strangely
C. Strange enough
D. Enough strange (Key：CAA)
【超链接】enough是现行教材中较为活跃的一个词，是历年教学大纲和高考考纲中的重点词汇，更是高考命题的热点词汇。下面从其词性入手，结合历年高考试题对其用法进行剖析，希望同学们能更好地掌握。
一、enough可以作名词、代词，意思是"足够;充分"。作代词可以代替可数名词或不可数名词，在句中作主语或宾语。如：
1. Enough has been said on this subject. 关于这一问题说得已经足够多的了。
2. No, thanks. I've had enough. 不，谢谢。我已吃饱了。(enough=enough food)
【注意】当enough后的名词前有冠词、形容词性物主代词、指示代词或其本身就是代词时，要用介词of。如：
We've had enough of your coldness. 我们已经受够了你的冷漠。
二、enough作形容词，意思是"足够的;充分的"，常与for或不定式连用，可以作定语或表语。作定语置于被修饰的名词前后均可，前置时强调enough，后置时强调被修饰词。如：
1. (NMET95第22题题干) I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have ______.
2. Five men will be quite enough. 五个人就足够了。
三、enough作副词的意思是"十分地;充分地;足够地;充足地"，置于被修饰的形容词或副词之后，常与不定式或介词for连用，在句子中作状语，表示程度。如：
3. When they reached the burning building they found that their ladders were not long enough to reach the people who were trapped. 当他们靠近烈火熊熊的大楼时，他们发现梯子不够长，够不着那些被火围困的人。
4. (NMET95第26题题干) -You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.
四、enough作感叹词时意思是"够了;停止;住手;不要再继续了"，用以表达不耐烦或恼怒。如：
You've been practising the violin all afternoon. Enough! 你整个下午都在练小提琴。够了！
五、用在"主语+cannot...+enough"句型中该句型形式上是否定句型，实际上表达的是肯定意义，意思是"再……也不过分；越……越……"。如：
I cannot thank you enough. 我对你感激不尽。(我怎么感谢你都不算过分。)
六、enough还可以用于以下的短语中
1. sure enough 果真；确实。如：
He said he would come, and sure enough he came. 他说要来，果然来了。
2. well enough 还不错；还可以；相当；很；极。如：
You know well enough. (口)你明明知道。(你心里明白。)
3. be good / kind enough to do sth. 劳驾；务请做某事。如：
Be good / kind enough to reply early. 请早日赐复。
【精练】
1.I have ______ to tell you.
A. something good enough
B. something enough good
C. enough good something
D. good enough something
2.Do you have ______ to lend me to buy the book？
A. enough money
B. money well
C. many enough
D. money much
3.They found there was ________ to press on the top.
A. heavy enough nothing
B. nothing heavy enough
C. nothing enough big
D. enough nothing big
keys ：AAB
【考点5.2】形容词修饰不定代词应放在不定代词之后
【考例】（广东省，2003）
There is ____ with my computer. It doesn’ t work.
A. nothing wrong
B. anything wrong
C. wrong something
D. something wrong
【透视】本题考查形容词与不定代词的位置关系，形容词修饰不定代词应放在不定代词之后，而anything 用于否定句和疑问句，由It doesn’t work故知选D
【超链接】当形容词修饰由every-，some-，any-，no-，加body，one，thing等构成的复合不定代词时须后置。例如：
Have you ever met anyone famous？你曾经见过名人吗？
He did everything possible to help us．他做了一切可能做的来帮助我们。
There is something wrong with the computer．这台电脑出了毛病。
注意：若something前面有定冠词修饰，形容词不再后置。例如：There，on the table，was the mysterious something that they had been looking for．看，在桌子上，正是他们一直孜孜以求的神秘的东西。
【考点5.3】形容词组作定语须后置，其功能相当于一个定语从句。例如：
They are the boys easiest to teach．他们是最容易教的孩子。（划线部分相当于who are easiest to teach）
The basket full of some fruits belongs to the old woman．盛满各种水果的这个篮子是这位老妇人的。（划线部分相当于which is full of some fruits）
Those brave enough to take the course must be the top students in the grade．那些敢于专修这门课程的学生一定是本年级的尖子生。（划线部分相当于who are brave enough）【考点5.4】两个形容词用and或or连接作定语，进一步说明被修饰名词的作用，此时须后置。例如：Power stations，large and small，have been set up all over the country．大大小小的水电站已经在全国各地兴建起来。（划线部分相当于which are large and small）Every book，new or old，should be put in the room．不论新书还是旧书都应该放在这个房间里。（划线部分相当于which are new or old）
【考点5.5】形容词else常位于不定代词或疑问代词后作定语。例如：
Anything else I can do for you？我能为你做些别的事情吗？
What else did they say？他们还说了些什么？
【考例】
--- I hear they aren’t pleased with the house you’ve chosen for them…
--- Well , _________ could they live in such comfort ? （03北京）
A. where else
B. what else
C. how D why
A
【考点5.6】形容词比较级结构修饰名词时须后置。例如：
The Smiths need a car garage twice larger than this one．史密斯夫妇需要一个比这个大一倍的车库。
He has booked the seat farthest from the door on the train for us．他已经为我们预定了火车上离车门最远的座位。
They produced gases almost as harmful as the gases from factories．他们排出的废气和工厂排出的废气几乎一样有害。
【考点5.7】“基数词＋表示时间或度量单位的名词＋形容词”结构可用来修饰名词，起定语作用。此时，该类结构的词组须后置。例如：
Yesterday，a Mr．Brown，28 years old，came to visit you．昨天，一位二十八岁的，自称是布郎先生的人来拜访过你。
There used to be a tall building about 50 metres high．过去，这里曾经有一座大约50米高的大楼。
【考点5.8】部分以a-开头的表语形容词有时也可以作定语修饰名词。此时，须将该形容词置于被修饰的名词之后。例如：
以a 开头的表语形容词如alive，asleep，awake，alone等作定语时要后置。
Do you know the largest poet alive in your country？
She was the only person awake at that night．她是那天晚上唯一一个醒着的人。
You are the happiest children alive．你们是当代最幸福的孩子。
【考点5.9】形容词nearby修饰名词时既可放在被修饰名词之前，也可置于被修饰名词之后。而后一种情形较常见。例如：
They hurried to send the sick man to a nearby hospital．他们急匆匆地把那位病人送到了附近的一家医院。
They took plastic sheets and blankets into a field nearby and spent the rest of the night．他们拿着塑料床单和毯子到附近的一块地里度过了后半夜。
【考点5.10】形容词suitable作“合适的；恰当的”解；available作“能用的；可得到的”解时，既可以作前置定语，也可以作后置定语，意义上无甚区别。例如：
They are all suitable actors（也可以说actors suitable）．他们都是合适的演员。
Every available vehicle（也可以说every vehicle available）is in great need．每种可利用的交通工具都是急需的。
【考点5.11】形容词responsible作“可信赖的；可靠的”解时，作前置定语；作“有责任的；应负责的”解时，须作后置定语。例如：
He is a responsible man．他是一个可以信赖的人。
The man responsible should be their manager．应负责任的人该是他们的经理。
【考点5.12】形容词present 作“出席的”之意时，要放在所修饰的词之后。The
people present are workers.
【考例】北京卷2002 第26题
All the people _____ at the party were his supporter.
A present
B thankful
C interested
D important
［透视］答案A.
形容词present作“现在的；目前的；现存的”解时，作前置定语；作“出席的；在场的”解时，须作后置定语。例如：
What is your present address？你现在的住址在哪里？
The professors present at the meeting came from Shandong University．出席这次会议的教授们来自山东大学。
【考点5.13】非谓语短语动词作定语时要后置。
The building built last year/ being built now/to be built next year will be equipped with computers.
【考例】
1.Don't use words, expressions，or phrases______only to people with specif ic knowledge. （2002上海卷）
A. being know
B. having been known
C. to be known
D. known
2.The picture ______on the wall is painted by my nephew. （2000春季京皖卷）
A. having hung
B. hunging
C. hangs
D. being hung
3.There are five pairs______，but I am at a loss which to buy.（99上海卷）
A.to be chosen
B. to choose from
C. to choose
D. for choosing
4.The Olympic Games，______in 776 BC，didn’t
include women players until 1912.(NMET98）
A.first played
B. to be first play
C.first playing
D. to be first playing
DBBA
【考点5.14】副词或介词短语作定语时要后置。
The man upstairs（in charge of the factory）often comes home
very late.
拓展训练
1.Who is the greatest poet ______?
A. living
B. live
C. lively
D. alive
2. There was a terrible noise ______ the sudden burst of light.
A. followed
B. following
C. to be followed
D. being followed
3. Most of people______ to the party were famous scientists.
A. invited
B. to invited
C. being invited
D. inviting
4.-I am going to Beijing. Do you have anything____ to your uncle ？
-Oh, no, thank you!
A. to take
B. to be taken
C. taking
D. to be taking
keys:DBAB
6.1.5 形容词作状语
【考点5.15】形容词或短语作状语
【说明】形容词或短语作状语(相当于主语补足语)，表示伴随状况、原因、结果等.
【考例】
1.After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home ____.(04春上海卷）
A. being exhausted
B. exhausted
C. exhausting
D. having exhausted
2.After the long journey, the three of them went back home, ______.(08北京卷-26)
A. hungry and tiredly
B. hungry and tired
C. hungrily and tiredly
D. hungrily and tired
【透视】(BB)
【超链接】形容词做状语表伴随的7个基本句型：
1. He came home safe and sound(安然无恙).
2. He came home drunk.
3. The baby was born dead .
4.Man is born equal.
5. He lay sick in bed.
6.He came home, tired and hungry.
7.He stood there, surprised and excited.
After the Anti-terrorist War, the American soldiers returned home, safe but tired. Everybody knows the truth that all men are created equal.
【备考押题】
1.After a long walk, the little boy got home at last, ________.
A. tiredly and hungrily
B. tiring and hungry
C. tired and hungrily
D. tired and hungry
2.He went to bed,______.
A. cold and hungrily
B. coldly and hungry
C. cold and hungry
D. coldly and hungrily
3.He was young, but he died ________, for he saved a child.
A. happily
B. happy
C. happiness
D. happinessly
4.The foreman(工头) beat him _____ , and the other workers were very angry with him.
A. red-blooded
B. black and white
C. red-handed
D. black and blue
5.Born ______, he now often lies to his parents and his teachers.
A. honesty
B. honestly
C. honest
D. honestness
6.--How about the ship then?
--It sailed back____
A. safe
B. safely
C. safety
D. safly
7.Don’t be nervous! Lie down ____ and breathe ____.
A. flat; deeply
B. flatly; deep
C. flat; deep
D. flatly; deeply
【答案与简析】DCBDC AA.
3.die happy：含笑九泉。动词后用形容词表示该动作发生时主语的状态。
5.形容词做补语。Born honest 意思为“天生诚实”。
6.1.6形容词间的误用
【考点6】形容词间的区别
【考点6.1】1.alone & lonely
【考点6.2】alive, live, living, lively的区别。
1．The lessons given by Mr．Smith are always ＿＿＿and interesting．(上海2001春) A．lovingly B．lovely C．lively D．vividly
2．While a person is asleep, a part of his brain is still ＿＿＿．（2001上海）A．active B．alive C．awake D．aware
【透视】CA
alive adj．活着的，作后置定语，或作表语。
live adj．活生生的；实况转播的，仅用作定语；vi．居住。
living n．生活；adj．有生命的；活着的，作前置定语或表语。
lively adj．生动的，活泼的。
【精练】单项填空。
3．They gave ＿＿＿＿broadcast while the performance was in process on the stage．
A．living B．live C．life D．alive
4．Language is a＿＿＿＿＿and continually changing thing．
A．life B．alive C．lively D．living
BD
【考点6.3】asleep，sleeping &sleepy
【考点6.4】clean& clear
【考点6.5】electrical&electric
【考点6.6】historical&historic
【考点6.7】handsome,beautiful,pretty&good-looking
beautiful 漂亮悦人的，表示美丽的最普通用词，语气最强，不用于男性
fine,handsome,pretty等只表示beautiful的一部分
pretty 美丽可爱的，多用于小孩、妇女和较细小的东西，语气较弱
a pretty child(girl,little house)
good-looking 相貌好看的，语气弱，可修饰男性或女性
handsome 仪表堂堂，美俊的，主要用于男性a handsome boy
【备考押题】
1.Some girls are _____; a few, but very few, are _____.
A. beautiful; pretty
B. handsome; beautiful
C. pretty; beautiful
D. pretty; handsome
2.When the _____ young actor appeared on the stage, all eyes were fixed upon him.
A. pretty
B. beautiful
C. handsome
D. nice
CC
【考点6.8】alike, likely, possible,probable
【考点6.9】broad&wide
【考点6.10】ill&sick
My uncle was still on the_______ leave at home.
A. ill
B. sick
C. disease
D. illness
B
【考点6.11】fast&quick
1.Though Queen Elizebath is in her late seventies, she is still _____ in thinking.
A. quick
B. fast
C. rapid
D. soon
2.He is a ________ runner and he will be on our national track team in the future.
A. swift
B. swiftly
C. rapidly
D. immediate
AA
【考点6.12】little &small
【考点6.13】little & few
【考点6.14】tall& high
【考点6.15】wrong, mistaken & false
Something has gone ____ with my watch .
A . mistake
B . mistaken
C . matter
D . wrong
D . go wrong 是一动词短语，意为“出毛病”，“不对头”，
其中go 是表示变化的系动词，形容词wrong 作表语，构成系表结构。
【考点6.16】big, large& huge
【考点6.17】older & elder
My teacher has three brothers, all _____ than he. George, _____, is an officer.
A. elder, the eldest
B. old, the oldest
C. elder, the old one
D. older, the eldest D
【考点6.18】good, well; good& fine kind
【考例】
1.--Mum, I think I’m ____ to get back to school. (93NMET)
--Mot really, my dear. You’d better stay at home for another day or two.
A. so well
B. so good
C. well enough
D. good enough
2.My parents have always made me __________ about myself, even when I was twelve. (2007江苏卷)
A. feeling well
B. feeling good
C. feel well
D. feel good
3.--- You don’t look very .Are you ill?
--- No, I’m just a bit tired. （03北京春季）
A．good B．well C．strong D．healthy
4.How much____ she looked without her glasses!（09全国卷I 23）
A. well
B. good
C. best
D. better
Keys：CDBD 2.feel good about对…感到满意;对....要有信心
【备考押题】
1.----How are you getting along with your work?
----______
A. Quite good
B. Much more better
C. A great deal better
D. Much well
2.What you've taken to the workshop has been ____ repaired.
A. very good
B. very well
C. very much
D. very nice
CB
【考点6.19】worth, worthy & worth-while
worth，worthy，worth-while都为adj.意为"值得"。
1. worth：只作表语，常用"well"修饰.
be worth + n.当名词为金钱时，表示"…… 值得……"
be worth doing sth."……某事值得被做"
The vase is worth $300.
The beautiful place is well worth a visit.
The question is not worth discussing again and again.
2. worthy：作表语或定语。
be worthy to be done "某事值得被做"
be worthy of being done
be worthy of +n.当名词为抽象名词时表示"……值得……；……配得上……的" 。
The question is not worthy to be discussed again and again.
The gold watch is worthy of her.配得上
He is a leader who is worthy of his name, we call him a worthy (可敬的)leader.
3. worth-while：be worth-while to do sth"值得做某事"
worth while：It is worth while doing sth
It is worth while for sb to do sth.
The question is worth discussing.
The question is worthy to be discussed.
The question is worthy of being discussed.
Discussing the question is worth while.
It is worth while discussing the question.
It is worth your while discussing the question.
It is worth while for you to discuss the question.
It is worth your while to discuss the question.
It is worth-while to discuss the question.
典型例题
【精练】
1.—How much is the T-shirt ________?
—65 dollars.
A．worth B．cost C．worthy D．paid
2.--What do you think of the story?
--It’s ____ worth ____ than the one I borrowed kast time.
A. well; read
B. better; reading
C. better; being read
D. well; being read
3.I think that this meal was well worth ________ was charged for it.
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. how many
4.— Have you read this book?
— Yes. But that one is ________ worth reading.
A. best
B. more
C. better
D. much
5.This scientist is a man ______ praise.
A. worth to
B. worthy to be
C. worthy of
D. worth
6.--- I’ m interested in that beautiful MP3.What do you charge for it?
--- $120.
--- ________, but I can’t afford it.
A. It’s worth that
B. It’s real ly nice
C. Please lower the price
D. That’s too dear
7.There’s nothing worth _______ in this newspaper.
A. reading
B. to read
C. being read
D. to be read
8.It is not ____ to discuss the question again and again.
A. worth
B. worthy
C. worth-while
D. worth while
9.The situation is worsening. In my opinion, such means .
A. is worthy of consideration
B. are worthy to be considered
C. is worth considering
D. are worth to be considered
【答案与简析】1.A be worth接钱数。
2.B
3.B.提示：worth后接一个宾语从句。其引导词既用作worth的宾语，又充当宾语从句的主语。
4.C.well修饰be worth，be well worth很值得句中well比较级—I had a good holiday at my uncle’s.
5.C
6.A
7.A
8.C. 由worth的用法可知，此句只适合词组be worth-while to do sth.。因此选C。
9.C
【考点6.20】sure与certain的用法。
【考例】
1．Be sure to write to us, ＿＿＿﹖(NMET’93)
A．will you B．aren’t you
C．can you D．mustn’t you
2．Wait till you are more ＿＿＿＿．It’s better to be sure than sorry．(NMET’97) A．inspired B．satisfied C．calm D．certain
3．Quite a few people used to believe that disaster ＿＿＿if a mirror was broken．(上海2002)
A．was sure of striking B．was sure of having struck
C．was sure to be struck D．was sure to strike
【透视】ADD
【超链接】
sure可以用作表语形容词，意为“肯定的；有把握的”；
还可以用作副词，相当于surely／certainly，表示“肯定地；当然”；
be sure表示“确信，有把握”，后接that从句、
动词不定式
疑问词＋动词不定式、
of／about＋名词／代词／-ing形式、等；
be sure of doing sth．表示主语对某事有信心；
be sure to do sth．则表示推测，意为“一定会”或表示要求，意为“务必”；
make sure表示“确信；弄清楚”，后接of短语、不定式或that从句等；
certain也可以表示“确信的；确定的”，一般可与sure互换，但certain侧重于表示一种客观
的事实，在“It is certain that．．．”句型中，certain不能用sure代替。
【精练】单项填空。
1．I remember there’s a train at 6:30, but you’d better ＿＿＿＿＿＿．
A．be sure B．make sure C．find out D．look out
2．It is ＿＿＿＿that the 2008 Olympic Games are to take place in Beijing．A．sure B．surely C．certainly D．certain
3.It is ______ that he has passed the examination, and I am _____ I will pass it too.
A. certain; certain
B. certain; sure
C. sure; certainly
D. certainly; surely BDB
[精练2] 判断正误，若有错，请改正。
1．Arrive early at the theatre to be sure of getting a seat．
2．——Susan, what are you not sure about﹖
——Pass the Band-4 examination．
3．——Do you suppose the project will be completed in a week﹖
——Oh, I’m sure not．
4．John, is sure to come before 7:00 tomorrow morning．
5．Please make sure that all the lights are turned off before you leave．
【考点9.21】real, true & actual
1.We were quite satisfied. The ____ cost of repairs was a lot less
than we had exp
A. practical
B. actual
C. proper
D. natural
2.When we plan our vacation, mother often offers ______ suggestions. (NMET 2004 III)
A. careful
B. practical
C. effective
D. acceptable
3.Is your ring _____ gold?
A. real
B. true
C. actual
D. reality
4.It is _____ that my nephew is really fond of classic music, which he has been exposed to (熏陶)for years.
A. true
B. real
C. correct
D. right
[点拨]BBAA
1.B 本题考查词义辨析。句意为“我们十分满意。真正的修理费用比我们料想的
少多了。”practical“现实的”；actua l“实际的”；proper“正确的”；natural“自然
的”。只有actual“实际的”与expected“料想的”相对应，为正确答案。
2.选B。句意为“在我们计划假期时，妈妈常提供实用的建议”。careful意为“小心的；谨慎的”；effective 意为“有效的”；acceptable意为“可接受的；受欢迎的”。
【考点6.22】quiet & silent
It was a _____ evening and I really had a good sleep.
A. calm
B. silent
C. quiet
D. safe and sound
C
【考点6.23】final, last
final表终止或结束之意，有时带有决定性或结论性等意味。如：
①Today is the final day of this term.今天是本学期的最后一天。
②We shall know the final results of the elections tomorrow.明天我们将知道选
举的最后结果。
last“最后的、末尾的”指按次序的前后或时间的先后居于最后，并意味着后面不再有了。如：
①My house stands in the last row.
②He was the last one to enter.
③December is the last month of the year.
【考点6.24】difficult & hard
【考点6.25】different & various
【考点6.26】dear, expensive , costly ,precious& valuable
它们一般都可笼统地解释为“贵的”或“昂贵的”。
如果我们从它们的根词着手去辨别，往往能化繁为简，使一个比较复杂的问题变得简单明了。请看这些同义词的根词：
costly的根词为cost（成本、代价），因此costly的主要意思是“要付出高昂代价的”，如
a costly victory（付出巨大牺牲，来之不易的胜利），a costly mistake （造成重大损失的错误）。expensive 的根词为expense（花费、费用），因此expensive 的主要的意思是“费用大的，花钱多的”，如 an expen-sive car（昂贵的小汽车），an expensive hotel （奢华旅馆）。
precious 的根词是price（价格），因此precious 的主要意思是“贵重的，值钱的”，
如 the precious metals（贵金属），precious stones（宝石）。
而valuable 的根词是value（价值），因此valuable的主要意思是“有很大价值的，很有用的”，
如 a valuable discovery （有价值的发现），valuable information（有价值的、有用的情报）。【考点6.27】clever,wise&bright
wise指"英明的，有智慧的，有谋略的"。
clever意为"聪明的；灵巧；妙"，使用范围较广。
bright"聪明，反应快"，多指年轻人或小孩，常用于口语，书面语不宜多用。
【备考押题】
1. All work and no play makes Jack a _____ boy. (prov.)
A. clever
B. bright
C. intelligent
D. dull
2.The whole country was very sad at the news of Lincoln's death, the people considered him to be a great leader, and a ____, kind and honest man.
A. lazy
B. naughty
C. wise
D. clever
3.Our company has been very____ to react to foreign competition. Most of our products are out of fashion.
A. slow
B. quickly
C. smart
D. clever
DCA
【考点6.28】anxious & eager
They are _____ for their son to succeed in the game.
A. anxious
B. worried
C. sorry
D. hunger
A
【考点6.29】 official 和formal“正式的”
前者的根词是office（办公室、官职），后者的根词是form（形式）。根据它们根词的不同，我们可以比较方便地区分和正确地使用它们，如an official statement issued on an official occasion （在正式场合发布的正式声明）／a formal dress worn at a formal dinner party（在正式晚宴上穿的正式礼服）。
【考点6.30】special(ly), especial(ly), particular(ly)
special(ly)指非一般、非正常、非广泛，主要含义为“专为”“特殊。
especial(ly)指的是非普通、非寻常，主要解释为“尤其”,一般不能与special(ly)混用。
special(ly)和especial(ly)在数量、程度等方面表示“例外，格外，过分”的意思时，一般可以互换。particular(ly)“尤其，特别，格外”，通常指以不同寻常的方式突出某一事物的个性或独之处，它常与especial(ly)通用。但它更强调与众不同。
例：I came here specially to ask for your advice.
我是专程来这里向你请教的。
The desk has a special lock. 这书桌有把特殊的锁。
I think this is a matter of especial importance. 我认为这是一件特别重要的事。
The Great Wall had been added to, especially during the Ming Dynasty. 长城不时得到扩建、重建和修缮，尤其是在明朝。
These books will be particularly helpful to those who wish to improve their English. 这些书对那些希望提高英语水平的人来说特别有用。
especially和specially
especially意思是“特别地……”；“不寻常地”，强调程度，在进一步补充说明前面所叙述的事的时候，前面一般用逗号隔开，一般用来修饰形容词，介词短语或状语从句。specially意思是“特意地”；“专门地”，强调目的，一般用在表示目的的不定式或介词for短语前面。试比较：
①It has been especially hot this summer．
今年夏天特别热。
②She likes the country, especially in spring．
她喜欢乡村，尤其是在春天。
③Cooking is a great burden to me, especially when we have guests．
做饭对我来说是一个很大的负担，特别是有客人来时更是如此。
④Though the weather was especially cold and windy, I came here specially to see you．我是专程来这里看你的，尽管天气特别冷，风特别大。
⑤This robe was made specially for the king．
=This robe was specially made for the king．
这件长袍是专门为国王做的。
【注】以上例句中的especially和specially均不能交换使用。
【备考押题】
1.She is very ____ about what she wears.
A. especial
B. special
C. particular
D. general
2.These T-shirts are usually $ 35 each but today they have a ___ price of $19 in the
shopping centre.
A. regular
B. special
C. cheap
D. particular
【答案与简析】CB 1.强调与众不同
【考点6.31】normal 指正常的，强调与一般情况差别很小的。
regular 指定期的，有规律的，
common 侧重于“普遍；常见”，指因许多事物或人所共同具有而常见的性质。
ordinary 侧重表示“平常；平凡；无奇特之处”。
usual 指从时间和频度上讲通常发生的事情或已形成了一种习惯。
general“一般的”，“普通的”，含有例外情况较少之意或暗示包括全部的同一范畴的事物。【高考链接】
1.Letterboxes are much more ____ in the UK than in the US, where most people have
a mailbox instead. （浙江卷06-10）
A. common
B. normal
C. ordinary
D. usual
2.In ________ , the northerners are keen on dumplings while the southerners are fond of rice. (2003上海春)
A. common
B. total
C. general
D. particular
3.A person’s _____ body temperature is about 37 0C.(2000 春考)
A. ordinary
B. normal
C. common
D. usual
4．A new _____bus service to Tianjin Airport started to operate two months ago.（07天津卷-9）
A．normal B．usual C．regular D．common
5.She arrives every day at five,_______.
A．how good she is B．it is surprised C．regular as clockwork D．that's nice 6.I’ve got an______(普通)sort of car, nothing special. (NMET2006)
2020年高考英语专题12 形容词和副词 【2020年】 1.（2020·新课标I卷）Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging. 【答案】extremely 【解析】考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。 2.（2020·新课标I卷）Data ab out the moon’s composition, such as how69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether its plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. 【答案】much 【解析】考查形容词。句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他财富，可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词，应使用much修饰，故填much。 3.（2020·新课标I卷）Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself. 【答案】将simply改为simple 【解析】考查形容词。句意：今天我自己尝试做一道简单的菜。根据名词dish可知，此处应用形容词作定语，故将simply改为simple。 4.（2020·新课标II卷）Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. 66 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. 【答案】Certainly 【解析】考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，因此只有改变成副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。 5.（2020·新课标II卷）The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. 【答案】beautiful 【解析】考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。 6.（2020·新课标II卷）I’m surely you’ll have a good time. 【答案】将surely改为sure 【解析】考查形容词。句意：我相信你会玩得很开心的。分析句子，此处be动词am后面需用形容词作表语。故将surely改为sure。
语法复习专题四——形容词和副词 备考建议： 1．从几年来收集到的题目中可以看出高考对形容词和副词的考查主要集中在以下两点： (1)形容词的比较级和最高级； (2)在具体语境中辨析形容词和副词语义。 另外，考查形容词作定语时的语序问题的试题也不少。 2．对于比较级的考查，淡化结构，注重深层语义。“比较”的意思并不是直接能从“结构”中看出来的，而是从语句的深层意义中挖掘出来的。 3．在加强考查词义辨析的题目中，高考不但加强了对语义的考查(而不仅仅是语法)，随着新教材词汇量的增大，而且注重对词汇扩展能力的考查。 要做好各类有关形容词和副词的试题应从这几方面去努力： 1．对单音节形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成、双音节和多音节的形容词及副词的比较级和最高级的构成，要加强记忆、找出其中规律；灵活掌握修饰比较级和最高级的副词和一些短语。 2．对某些副词的词义还需进一步认识，多数形容词在加-ly后，词义基本不变，而有些则不同，如：hard—hardly. 3．加强形容词、副词比较级考点的学习与应用，尤其是比较级在某些特定结构中的特殊含义，比较级及其修饰语的搭配和用法。巧记名词前多个形容词的排列顺序，形容词、副词等在不同语境下的辨析，要不断地提高分析试题的能力，克服思维定势，灵活运用所学的知识。 (1)加强对比较级和最高级表达法的学习，尤其是一些常见的句型，要做到张口能诵的程度。在理解上，不能留任何疑点。 (2)加强对形容词和副词的词义和用法的学习，要做到“词不离句，句不离义”。做题时，要结合语境，注意惯用法和固定搭配认真辨析从而做出最佳选择。 (3)判断句子成分，如果是作定语、表语等，一般是用形容词；如果是作状语、修饰谓语动词或形容词和副词，一般应用副词。但注意也有特殊情况，如形容词(短语)可作伴随或结果状语。 (4)分清句子结构，看看该句应该用原级、比较级还是最高级。 (5)注意特殊的含有形容词比较级的句型。 考点聚焦 1、形容词、副词的作用与位置 形容词是用来修饰名词的，常被放在名词前作定语，或放在系动词后面作表语。而副词则用来修饰形容词、动词，其他副词或者句子，一般位于形容词之前，动词之后或句子之首。以下属几种特殊情况，须牢记； （1）形容词短语作定语，定语后置。如：a language difficult to master （2）表语形容词（afraid、alike、alone、asleep、awake、alive等）作定语，定语后置。如a man alive。有些表身体健康状况的形容词如well、faint、ill只作表语。sick 既可作表语又可作定语，ill如作定语意为“bad”。 （3）用作定语，修饰由不定代词one、no、any、some和every构成的复合词如anything、something等时，通常后置。如：I have something important to tell you.
高考英语形容词，副词知识点真题汇编及答案(1) 一、选择题 1．Auto companies are taking a(n) ______ approach toward introducing electric cars until they better understand the market. A．casual B．enthusiastic C．considerate D．cautious 2．Whenever I have seven ________ days off, I do not know what to do with all the time I have. A．straight B．direct C．basic D．former 3．Since global climate change is obvious, the home use of ________ energy like clean wind and solar power systems is increasing. A．primary B．alternative C．instant D．urban 4．Nowadays, many people struggle to maintain the ______ balance between work and family. A．deliberate B．delicate C．desperate D．definite 5．To _______ its construction, the Potala Palace is _______ to a limited number of tourists every day. A．preserve; available B．reserve; available C．preserve; accessible D．reserve; accessible 6．He had one mistress to whom he was faithful to the day of his death：Music. Not for ________ moment did he ever give up what he believed, or what he loved. A．a single B．the slightest C．quite a D．the very 7．---Have you finished your experiment report, Peter? ---Oh, my God. I’ve fogotten all about it. A．possibly B．selflessly C．exactly D．entirely 8．, few of us admit that examinations can contribute anything really important to the studen ts’ academic development. A．Actually B．Frequently C．Especially D．Sincerely 9．There are ______ flowers and trees shown in the park and_______ people go to have a look. A．plenty of; much B．various; many C．varieties of; various of D．quite a few; quite a little 10．In that school, English is compulsory for all students, but French and Russian are _______. A．special B．regional C．optional D．original 11．Having considering all the ______ evidence, the court found him not guilty. A．subjective B．steady C．severe D．solid 12．People complain that decisions to approve or deny a permit are often ______ rather than based on fixed criteria. A．appropriate B．conscious C．arbitrary D．controversial 13．- Can those _______ at the back of the classroom hear me? - No problem. A．are sitting B．seating C．seated D．sat 14．It took us quite a long time to get here. It was ______journey. A．three-hour B．a three hour C．a three-hour D．three hours
高中英语形容词副词词汇 1. abrupt（言语或行）粗鲁的，莽撞的，唐突的，生硬的；突然的，意外的 2. absent-minded心不在焉的，健忘的 3. absorbed被-----吸引住，专心致志，全神贯注（in） 4. abstract抽象的 5. absurd荒谬的，荒唐的 6. abundant丰富的,充裕的,大量的 7. academic学术的；高等院校的；研究院的 8. acceptable可接受的，认可的，尚可的 9. accessible可到达的，可接近的，可进入的，可使用的，易懂的 10. accurate精确的；准确的 11. acid酸的，尖酸的，尖刻的 12. active积极的，活跃的，起作用的，（思想上）充满活力的 13. actual真实的，实际的 14. acute灵敏的，敏锐的，有洞察力的，十分严重的 15. adaptable能适应的 16. addicted上瘾的，成瘾的，入迷的（to） 17. additional额外的，附加的（extra），另外的 18. adequate足够的，充足的 19. admirable值得赞赏的，令人羡慕的 20. adoptive收养的 21. adorable可爱的，讨人喜欢的 22. advanced先进的，高级的，高等的 23. advantageous有利的，有好处的 24. adventurous有冒险精神的，新奇的，惊险的 25. alarmed害怕的，担心的 26. alarming令人惊恐的，引起恐慌的 27. alike两者都，同样地；十分相像地，很相似地 28. alive活着的 29. all of a sudden （all at once）突然地 30. all right（OK）可接受的，满意的；健康的；可以的；尚可的； 31. all –round全面的，多方面的 32. alone只有，仅仅，单独，独自 33. alternative可供替代的 34. ambiguous模棱两可的，不明确的 35. annoyed恼怒的，生气的，烦恼的
常见形容词词汇 1.abrupt（言语或行）粗鲁的，莽撞的，唐突的，生硬的； 突然的，意外的 2.absent-minded心不在焉的，健忘的 3.absorbed被-----吸引住，专心致志，全神贯注（in） 4.abstract抽象的 5.absurd荒谬的，荒唐的 6.abundant丰富的,充裕的,大量的 7.academic学术的；高等院校的；研究院的 8.acceptable可接受的，认可的，尚可的 9.accessible可到达的，可接近的，可进入的，可使用 的，易懂的 10.accurate精确的；准确的 11.acid酸的，尖酸的，尖刻的 12.active积极的，活跃的，起作用的，（思想上）充满 活力的 13.actual真实的，实际的 14.acute灵敏的，敏锐的，有洞察力的，十分严重的 15.adaptable能适应的 16.addicted上瘾的，成瘾的，入迷的（to） 17.additional额外的，附加的（extra），另外的 18.adequate足够的，充足的 19.admirable值得赞赏的，令人羡慕的 20.adoptive收养的 21.adorable可爱的，讨人喜欢的 22.advanced先进的，高级的，高等的 23.advantageous有利的，有好处的 24.adventurous有冒险精神的，新奇的，惊险的 25.alarmed害怕的，担心的 26.alarming令人惊恐的，引起恐慌的 27.alike两者都，同样地；十分相像地，很相似地 28.alive活着的 29.all of a sudden （all at once）突然地 30.all right（OK）可接受的，满意的；健康的；可以 的；尚可的； 31.all –round全面的，多方面的 32.alone只有，仅仅，单独，独自 33.alternative可供替代的 34.ambiguous模棱两可的，不明确的 35.annoyed恼怒的，生气的，烦恼的 36.annual每年的，年度的 37.anything but 绝对不---- 38.appealing有吸引力的，恳求的 39.applicable可应用的,适当的 40.approaching即将到来的 41.appropriate合适的，适当的 42.arbitrary任意的,武断的 43.artificial假的，人造的 44. 45.associated有关联的，相关的，有联系的(with) 46.assured确信的，有把握的 47.at a loss (at sea)不知所措地，困惑地 48.attached附属于，爱幕的(to) 49.attempted有预谋的，未遂的 50.attentive注意的，专心的，留心的 51.attractive吸引人的，有吸引力的，诱人的 52.authentic真正的，真实的，真品的，真迹的 53.automatic自动的 54.available可获得的，可得到的，可找到的，可购得 的，可行的；（人）有空的 55.average平均的，普通的，一般的，平常的 56.avoidable可以避免的 57.awake醒着的（wide awake） 58.aware知道的，意识到的，明白的，察觉到的(of) 59.awful糟糕的,极坏的,极讨厌的,可怕的，很多的，非 常的 60.awkward笨拙的,棘手的，令人尴尬的，难对付的， 难处理的 61.badly–off(worse -off)穷困的，拮据的；境况不佳的 62.bare裸露的，光秃秃的，仅够的，最简单的 63.be based in----（某人）居住在哪里，基地设在哪里 64.be based on---以---为基础，以---为根据 65.（be）far from 远非--- 66.beneficial有利的，有用的 67.big重大的，严重的， 68.biological生物的，生物学的 69.bitter（争论）激烈的；（人）愤愤不平的；令人不 快的；使人悲痛的；（食物）味苦的；严寒 70.blank空白的，木然的，没表情的，不感兴趣的， 不理解的 71.blue忧郁的，悲伤的；（冷或呼吸困难）发青的， 发紫的 72.bored厌倦的，烦闷的(with) 73.boring无聊的，令人厌倦的，令人烦闷的，没趣的 74.breathtaking惊人的，激动人心的 75.brief简短的，短暂的，短期的 76.brilliant出色的，杰出的，卓越的，技艺高超的，绝 妙的，明亮的，鲜艳的，很好的 77.calm镇静的，沉着的，无风的，风平浪静的 78.capable有能力的，有才能的，能力强的（of） 79.casual随便的，非正式的，漫不经心的，不在乎的， 临时的，疏远的，偶然的 80.cautious谨慎的，小心的(about) 81.certain确实的，确定的，确信的，肯定的 82.changeable易变的，常变的，可能变化的 83.cheerful高兴的，快乐的，令人愉快的 84.chief最重要的，主要的，首要的，最高级别的，首 席的 85.cold冷漠的，不友好的 https://www.doczj.com/doc/9c6826397.html,fortable使人舒服的，舒适的；自在的，安逸的； 宽裕的 https://www.doczj.com/doc/9c6826397.html,mercial商业的，商业性的，商业化的，赢利的 https://www.doczj.com/doc/9c6826397.html,mon常见的，普通的，共同的，共有的， https://www.doczj.com/doc/9c6826397.html,plex复杂的，难懂的，费解的 https://www.doczj.com/doc/9c6826397.html,plicated复杂的，难懂的 91.concerned担心的，忧虑的；关切的，关注的(about) 1
形容词与副词考点归纳 1.主系表结构中的形容词用法 1）系动词归类： a: be b: get, grow, become, turn,go c: feel, look, smell, taste, sound d: appear, seem, prove e: remain, keep ,stay 2)某些以--a开头的表语性形容词：afraid, alike, alone, asleep, awake 2.名词+ly构成的形容词：friendly, lively, lovely, likely, deadly, silly, orderly, weekly, monthly 3.形容词修饰不定代词，放于其后。 4.形容词作宾补：动词+宾语+宾补 1）常见动词：make, think, consider, let, find, keep, drive, leave , open , cut , set 等。2）宾补：形容词，副词，名词，现在分词，过去分词，介词短语等。 5.形容词及短语作状语：如， 1)He stood there, dumfounded. 2)Crusoe stared at the footprint, full of fear. 6.little，bit与few的短语： a little（一点儿）a few a bit of=a little only a little=little only a few=few quite a bit of(相当多）quite a little= not a little=no little（相当多） quite a few=not a few=some few 其中，a little/ a bit（有点）, not a little（非常）, not a bit（一点都不）not a bit=not at all 可用作副词。 7.区别下列几组形容词，副词： 1) too,either, also 2)already, yet, still 3)fairly,rather 4)very,much 5)perhaps,maybe, likely,probably,possibly 6)enough, plenty of, a lot of 7) such, so,that\this=so 8) ago, before 9)later, after ,in 10)nearly/almost/hardly/mostly
高中英语形容词和副词(高频汇总)
精品文档 高考英语高频形容词和副词 1.immediate adj立即的，即刻的；立刻的，马上 2.clear adj 清楚的，清晰的 3.cautious adj小心翼翼的 4.vivid adj 生动的，逼真的 5.exactly adv1.确切地,精确地;完全地 2.恰好地,正好地 6.fortunately adv.幸运地 3. (用于答语)完全正确。（的确这样） 7.surprisingly adv令人惊讶的 8.hardly adv 几乎不 9.instead adv代替，相反 10. properly adv 适当地；正确地；恰当地 11. specially adv专门 12.reliable adj 可靠的，可信赖的 13.simply adv 简单地；仅仅，只不过 https://www.doczj.com/doc/9c6826397.html,ly adv即，也就是 15.not nearly = far from = nowhere near远非，远远不，一点也不 16.patient adj耐心的；n 病人17.plain adj简单的，朴素的 18.familiar adj熟悉的; 19.lucky adj 幸运的 20.amazing adj令人惊异的， 21.accidentally adv 1. 偶然地;意外地 2. 附带地22.silent adj沉默的 23.calm adj平静的 24.secret adj 秘密的 25.otherwise adv 否则 26.meanwhile adv期间，同时 27.besides adv除…..以外还有 28.efficient adj高效的，有效的 29. flexible adj 灵活的 https://www.doczj.com/doc/9c6826397.html,plex adj复杂的 awkward adj 尴尬的，笨拙的 clumsy complicated adj 难懂的，复杂的 31.smooth adj平稳的，光滑的，顺利的 32.regularly adv 定期的，有规律的 33.sensitive adj 敏感的，体贴的 34.honest adj诚实的 35.confident adj自信的 36.shy adj .1.害羞的，腼腆2.羞涩的 37.thoughtful adj 1. 深思的,沉思的 2. 富有思想的;经认真推敲的 收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除
高考英语形容词副词用法大全 形容词的比较级和最高级 说明例词 一般情况加er, est smaller,smallest 以e 结尾加r,st larger,largest 单音节词和少数多音节的形容词，加词尾er ,est 以""辅音字母+y ""结尾的词 改y为i， 再加er,est busier,busiest 重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母双写末尾 辅音字母，加 er,est fatter,fattest 以ow,er结尾的双音节词加er ,est narrower,narrowest cleverer,clevest 多数双音节和多音节的词加more most more beautiful, most important 副词的比较级和最高级 1．大多数以ly结尾的副词前加more 和most 来构成比较级和最高级。2．少数单音节副词，加er,est 构成其比较级和最高级。 几个特殊的形容词和副词 原级比较级最高级 good ,well better best bad, ill, badly worse worst many ,much more most little less least far farther, further farthest,further
old older, elder oldest, eldest 比较级和最高级的常用句型 名称句型例句 相等 as 原形as (as 原形+ 名词as ) The train travels as fast as the 3:55 train.He has not as much money as his friend. 不及 not as(so) 原形as (not as[so ]+名词+原形as ) She is not as (so)beautiful as her sister. 比较级+ than Health is more important than wealth. 超越 the +比较级+of the two 两者中较… 的一个 He is the taller of the two. 用于否定 no +比较级+than 和… 一样不 He is no richer than I.他和我一样不富 有。 用于否定最…不过 His work couldn＇t be worse.他的工作再 糟糕不过了。 程度递增 er and er，more and more+多 音节词原级(越来越…) higher and higher more and more important 两种情况同时变化 the +比较级，the+比较级 （越…，越…） The quicker you get ready, the sooner we＇ll be able to leave. 三者或三者以上比较 the +最高级+of/in+比较范 围（…之中最…） Of all things in the world, people are the precious. 比较级结构的修饰语 1．用于原级之前： almost, nearly, just, exactly, quite, half , twice,three times , a third,etc. John is almost as tall as you.
高考英语短文改错形容词和副词的考点 高考英语短文改错考点解析-形容词与副词 一、考点规律分析 短文改错对形容词与副词的考查主要涉及形容词和副词比较等级的误用（尤其是在本身已是比较级的词前误加more）、形容词与副词的混用（如修饰动词时误用形容词或修饰名词时误用副词）等，另外，用作表语时该用形容词的却误用了名词、简短副词（如in，down等）的误加与漏用、涉及形容词搭配的as…as结构、how与what的混用等也是常考的考点。 形容词的用法： （一）概念：形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征 做定语的形容词一般放在名词前面。但以a开头的表语形容词：afraid，asleep, awake，alone 等如果做定语要后置。 （二）形容词的种类 1. 品质形容词：英语中大量形容词属于这一类，他们表示人或物的品质，如： The play was boring. 那出戏很枯燥乏味。 You have an honest face.你有一张诚实的脸。 2. 颜色形容词有少数表示颜色的形容词，如： She had on a blue coat.她穿了一件蓝色的外套。 3. -ing 形容词：有大量现在分词正在或已经变为形容词，它们通常修饰事物。如：exciting, encouraging… 4. –ed形容词：它们是由它们的过去分词变过来的，一般有被动意义，通常表示人的状态。 She looked tired. 5. 合成形容词：warm-hearted 热心的，heart-breaking令人心碎的 （三）形容词的用法：常用作定语、表语和补足语，有时也做状语。形容词在句中的位置：有的形容词放在被修饰的名词之前，称为前置形容词；少数形容词放在被修饰的名词之后，称为后置形容词。
高考英语短文改错考点解析：形容词与副词 一、考点规律分析 短文改错对形容词与副词的考查主要涉及形容词和副词比较等级的误用（尤其是在本身已是比较级的词前误加more）、形容词与副词的混用（如修饰动词时误用形容词或修饰名词时误用副词）等，另外，用作表语时该用形容词的却误用了名词、简短副词（如in，down 等）的误加与漏用、涉及形容词搭配的as…as 结构、how 与what 的混用等也是常考的考点。 二、真题单句归纳 （1）After an hour or so we began to feel very frightening. （frightening 改为frightened，因它表示某人感到害怕，而不是令人害怕）（全国卷） （2）Charles said，“As soon as I see a realy tall building，I want to climb it. （realy 改为really 或real，若改为really，则修饰tall；若改为real，则修饰building）（全国卷）（3）Last Sunday，police cars hurry to the taller building in New York. （taller 改为tallest，因从含义上看此处应是最高级）（全国卷） （4）As a result，people in the modern world generally live much more longer than people in the past. （去掉more，因为longer 本身已是比较级，不能再受more 修饰）（全国卷）（5）Therefore，there are still some countries where people have shorter lives. （Therefore 改为However，因此处语意转折）（全国卷） （6）People in industrial countries can expect to live for twice so long as people who lived a few hundred years ago. （so long as 改为as long as，其意为“与……一样长”）（全国卷）（7）In some places you may borrow many books as you want. （many 之前加as，因as …… as 结构不完整）（全国卷） （8）I told Mother，Father，Sister and all my friends here that a great time I had. （that 改为what）（全国卷） （9）I never knew a ride down a river could be so much exciting. （去掉much，因much 不能用来修饰形容词的原级，尽管它可用来修饰比较级和最高级）（全国卷）（10）I…m sure we?ll have a wonderfully time together. （wonderfully 改为wonderful，因它是放在名词前作定语）（全国卷）
形容词与副词高考考点 形容词常用来修饰名词，副词常用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句。 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法是高考题型的热点之一。 高考对形容词和副词的考查主要集中在： 1．形容词和副词辨析。 2. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级。 3. 在具体语境中辨析形容词和副词语义及形容词作定语时的语序问题。 一、形容词和副词的一般用法和重点用法 （一）形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 1、表示倍数的三个句型 ①…times as + 形容词原级+as… This table is 3 times as big as that one. 这张桌子比那张大三倍。 ②…times + 性质名词+ of … This table is 3 times the size of that one. 这张桌子比那张大三倍。 ③…times + 形容词比较级+ than … This table is 3 times bigger than that one. 这张桌子是那张桌子的三倍。 2、同程度级的用法，用as……as, the same as, such……as 引导 Henry is as good a worker as Peter (is).= Henry is such a good worker as Peter (is). Henry和Peter一样都是好工人。 3、表比较的句型 ① the + 比较级…, the + 比较级… The more tickets you sell, the more money you will get. 你卖的票越多，赚的钱也越多。 ②比较级+ and +比较级，表示越来越… The new city is becoming more and more beautiful. 那座新城市越来越漂亮。 4、the + 比较级+ of the two + 名词The taller of the two boys is my brother. 那两个男孩中个
2017高考英语重点语法： 高考英语常考语法总结——形容词和副词形容词、副词是每年高考必考点之一，近几年语境综合化程度越来越高，难度加大。高考热点有：形容词、副词词义辨析;原级、比较级、最高级的使用;倍数的表达方法;比较等级的修饰语;多个形容词的排列顺序;常见形容词、副词的惯用法等。 关于形容词与副词这一考点，主要考查以下几个方面： 1. 考查形容词和副词的基本用法 形容词在句中一般作定语、表语、补语，而副词在句中主要作状语。 2. 考查形容词作定语的后置规律 形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前，但下列三种情况形容词要后置： ①形容词短语作定语时;②表语形容词作定语时;③修饰复合不定代词时。 3. 考查多个形容词作定语的排序 多个形容词修饰名词时，其排序规律是：(限定词+程度副词+) 描绘+大小(长短、高低)+形状+年龄(新旧)+颜色+国籍或产地+物质材料+类别或用途+名词。 4. 考查副词在句中的位置规律 副词修饰形容词或其它副词时，一般位于被修饰词的前面，但enough却要放在被修饰的形容词或副词的后面。 5. 考查–ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别 -ed形容词，通常说明人，意为“(某人)感到……”;-ing形容词通常说明事物，意为“(某事物)令人……”或“令人……的(事物)”。 6. 考查两种不同形式的副词的用法差异 即考查与形容词同形的副词与形容词后加ly构成的副词的区别。 7. 考查形容词和副词的比较等级。 8. 考查比较等级的修饰语。 考点1：在具体的语境中辨析形容词与副词的语义 从复现的频率来看，此点是高考对形容词、副词考查的第一大热点。解答此类题关键是要分析具体的语境，结合基本词义、搭配等来选择正确的答案。
高考英语形容词，副词知识点技巧及练习题附答案(1) 一、选择题 1．Satellites make television ______ to people who live far away from cities, and satellite dishes can often be seen distributed throughout the countyside and remote areas. A．adequate B．alternative C．accessible D．accustomed 2．The large passenger aircraft C919 AC 101, independently designed and developed by China, turned out to be a huge ________ success. A．controversial B．contradictory C．commercial D．compulsory 3．Nowadays, many people struggle to maintain the ______ balance between work and family. A．deliberate B．delicate C．desperate D．definite 4．________ to a colorful campus culture, students should draw a line between what is their major concern and what is of ________ importance. A．Exposing…the least B．Having exposed...least C．Having been exposed…the less D．Exposed...less 5．He had one mistress to whom he was faithful to the day of his death：Music. Not for ________ moment did he ever give up what he believed, or what he loved. A．a single B．the slightest C．quite a D．the very 6．, few of us admit that examinations can contribute anything really important to the students’ academic development. A．Actually B．Frequently C．Especially D．Sincerely 7．A ________ discussion about whether men are brave than women is settled in a ________rude way. A．warm… /B．lively… very C．hot… rather D．spirited… fairly 8．Some parents might find learning at home to be ________ beyond additional bonding with their children A．beneficial B．stainless C．relevant D．terminal 9．The Jiangsu TV station is very popular with many people in China, as it deals with ______ subjects such as music, entertainment and fashion. A．precise B．diverse C．casual D．efficient 10．The present system no longer meets the changing needs of our customers; we have to make a(n)______ management system. A．contradictory B．flexible C．endless D．concrete 11．In that school, English is compulsory for all students, but French and Russian are _______. A．special B．regional C．optional D．original 12．Whenever I have seven ________ days off, I do not know what to do with all the time I have. A．straight B．direct C．basic D．former 13．It's an inspirational story, and the well-researched facts really bring the story and characters_______. A．alive B．living C．lively D．live
高考英语形容词与副词考点归纳 一、形容词和副词的基本用法 A．形容词：就是用来修饰名词或不定代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词。形容词主要作定语、表语、补语。如： 1. This is a new pen. 这是支新钢笔。(形容词new作名词pen定语) 2. These oranges taste ________. (全国卷) A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well 【分析】答案选A。系动词taste(尝起来)后要接形容词作表语。 3. John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes ________. (全国卷) A. open B. to be opened C. to open D. opening 【分析】答案选A。形容词open(开着的)作宾补，表示状态。注意：不要选答案D，因为open是短暂性动词，不能表状态。 B．副词：就是修饰动词、形容词、其它副词或全句，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。副词在句中主要作状语。如： It’s raining heavily. 雨下得很大。(副词heavily修饰谓语动词) It’s a rather interesting job. 这是一份相当有趣的工作。(副词rather修饰形容词interesting) She speaks English very well. 她的英语说得很好。(副词very修饰副词well) This is just what he said. 这正是他所说的。(副词just修饰what he said) 注：here, there, in, out, away, abroad等少数副词也可以作表语；here, there, home, abroad, below等表示地点或方位的词及today, tomorrow, yesterday, back, out等表示时间或动词方向词还可以作定语。如： Tom isn’t here. 汤姆不在这里。(here作表语) The people there were very kind to us. 那里的人对我们很友好。(副词there作定语，修饰people) 二、定语形容词与表语形容词 A．表语形容词：有的形容词一般只作表语，如表示健康状况的well, unwell, ill, faint，表示情感反应的glad, sorry, fond, worth, able，以a开头的afraid, alone, asleep, alive, awake, alike, ashamed等。但有的可作后置定语或补语。 B．定语形容词：通常只作定语的形容词，如起强调作用的only(唯一的), single(唯一的), certain(某一), real(真正的), true(真正的), very(正是), live(活的), exact(准确的), present(在场的)，由名词等转化而来的wooden(木制的), woolen(羊毛制的), drunken(醉的), medical, daily, weekly, electric, former(前任的), some, any, little, many, 及one-eyed之类的复合形容词等。如： This is a medical school. (不说This school is medical. ) 三、形容词作定语的后置规律 形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前，但是在下列情况下作定语的形容词却要位于所修饰的名词之后： A．形容词短语作定语时要后置。如： ________ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. (全国卷) A. Brave enough students B. Enough brave students C. Students brave enough D. Students enough brave 【分析】答案选C。enough修饰形容词时要位于形容词之后，排除B和D。brave enough to…是形容词短语作定语，修饰students，要置于名词students之后。 B．表语形容词作定语要后置。如： All the people ________ at the party were his supporters. (北京卷) A. present B. thankful C. interested D. important 【分析】答案选A。表语形容词present(出席的、在场的)作定语，要放在所修饰的名词后。 C．形容词修饰不定代词something, anything, nothing等时，要位于后面。如： Is there anything important in the paper? 报纸上有什么重要新闻吗？ 四、多个形容词作定语的排序 多个形容词修饰名词时，其排序规律是：(限定词+程度副词+) 描绘性形容词+表示大小(长短、高低)、形状、年龄(新旧)的形容词+表颜色的形容词+表国籍或产地的形容词+表物质材料的形容词+表类别或用途的形容词+名词。如： 1. John Smith, a successful businessman, has a ________ car. (辽宁卷) A. large German white B. large white German C. white large German D. German large white 【分析】答案选B。按“大小+颜色+产地”的顺序排列。 2. ________ students are required to take part in the boat race. (浙江卷) A. Ten strong young Chinese B. Ten Chinese strong young C. Chinese ten young strong D. Young strong ten Chinese