二级笔译参考资料

catti二级笔译教材笔者：AI助手引言：CATTI（中国翻译协会专业资格）是中国最具影响力的翻译资格考试之一。

在CATTI考试中，二级笔译是较为重要的一部分。

为了帮助考生更好地准备CATTI二级笔译考试，本文将介绍一些参考资料和学习方法。

一、CATTI考试概述CATTI是由中国翻译协会主办的国家级专业资格考试，涵盖了笔译和口译两个主要方向。

二级笔译考试主要评估考生的翻译能力，包括翻译准确性、语言表达能力和文化背景知识。

二、CATTI二级笔译教材推荐1. 《国际新闻翻译习题集》本教材由中国翻译协会编写，内容覆盖了国际新闻领域的重要知识点和翻译技巧。

通过练习题的形式，考生可以提高自己的翻译水平。

2. 《翻译理论与实践》该教材系统地介绍了翻译的相关理论和实践技巧。

通过学习这本教材，考生可以更好地理解翻译的原理和方法，并将其应用于实际的翻译工作中。

3. 《翻译导论》这本教材由康博、杨伟远等人合编，对翻译的基本概念、原则和方法进行了详细的介绍。

考生可以通过学习这本教材，进一步提升自己的翻译能力。

三、CATTI二级笔译备考方法为了更好地备考CATTI二级笔译考试，考生可以采取以下几个方法：1. 多阅读相关资讯考生应该多关注国际新闻和热门话题，提升自己的背景知识。

同时，也可以阅读一些与翻译相关的书籍和论文，拓宽自己的知识面。

2. 练习翻译技巧备考CATTI二级笔译考试，练习是必不可少的环节。

考生可以选择一些短文进行翻译练习，注重翻译的准确性和流畅性。

3. 参加模拟考试参加模拟考试可以帮助考生熟悉考试形式和时间限制。

通过模拟考试，考生可以了解自己的优势和不足，并有针对性地进行复习和提高。

四、CATTI考试技巧分享1. 熟悉题型CATTI二级笔译考试通常包括中译英和英译中两个方向。

考生在备考过程中应该熟悉不同题型的要求和答题技巧，做到心中有数。

2. 留足时间审核在考试过程中，留足时间审核是非常重要的。

考生应尽量控制好时间，确保在提交答案前有足够的时间再次检查和修改。

2023年11月英语二级笔译真题【英译汉】【Passage 1】Gender equality is not only a fundamental human right, but a necessary foundation for a peaceful, prosperous and sustainable world. Providing women and girls with equal access to education, health care, decent work, and representation in political and economic decision-making processes will fuel sustainable economies and benefit societies and humanity at large. Therefore, gender equality and women’s empowerment are one of the overarching priorities of UNESCO.This is a st rategy for making women’s as well as men’s concerns and experiences an integral dimension of the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of policies and programmes in all political, economic and societal spheres so that women and men benefit equally and inequality is not perpetuated. The ultimate goal is to achieve gender equality.Increasing attention is being placed on gender equality issues globally, buoyed by several legal and normative instruments, conventions and declarations. Chief among these are the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action. The latter, which was the outcome of the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women, in 1995, emphasizes the key role of media to promote gender equality in all spheres; all stake-holders are called to join forces to combat “stereotyping of women and inequality in women’s access to and participation in all communication systems, especially in the media”. UNESCO’s c ommitment and strategy to this end is pursued through a two-fold approach: (i) gender-specific programming and (ii) taking gender-focused actions in all of UNESCO’s fields of work.UNESCO’s Communication and Information Sector has fully embraced this commitment and has engaged globally in a wide range of gender-specific initiatives across its divisions and main actions. Equality between women and men working in the media, and equality in news reporting on women and men, are of equal importance and are being stridently pursued. In cooperation with the International Federation of Journalists and many other partners, UNESCO has adopted this global framework of Gender-Sensitive Indicators for Media (GSIM). These indicators have been developed to enable effective assessment of related development in the media.In order to further enrich the GSIM resource, and as a fundamental step for its completion, a second round of consultation was carried out online with UNESCO media partners globally. Broadcasting and print associations contributed comments, suggestions and insights to further enhance the document. The consultation with these associations was essential because it enables UNESCO to embed into the GSIM the perspectives of these key partners.This enables us to stress that use of the GSIM is not an attempt to limit freedom of expression and the independence of media, but to voluntarily enrich these underlying characteristics. UNESCO is confident that, if fully implemented, the GSIM will produce an impact in both qualitative and quantitative terms.【英译汉】【Passage 2】When rainfall is measured in feet, not inches, we are witnessing climate change bearing down on us. Catastrophic destruction tied to the Atlantic hurricane season, monsoon rains in Mumbai, and downpours in Niger are just a few of the many extreme weather events that are being intensified by global warming. While the rise of a few degrees in temperature may not be enough for a person to run a fever, that change is enough to radically impact the earth’s climate. By way of comparison, the earth was once rendered largely uninhabitable by a one to two-degree Celsius drop in temperature—an era now referred to as the Little Ice Age. In response to the threat posed by global climate change, most nations have committed to significant mitigation efforts, through the Paris Agreement, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.But will these collective efforts be enough? Some scientists are trying another approach, exploring new tools to deliberately alter the global climate system. These discrete and diverse technologies are often grouped under the all-encompassing and poorly defined rubric of “climate engineering” or “geoengineering.” These radically different approaches aim to either halt the process of global warming by removing greenhouse gases from the atmosphere or to counteract warming already underway.The problem is, while several tools seem to be gaining ground in computer models, laboratories, and even real-world experiments, public discussion has not kept pace with their advancement. To date, there has been too little transparency and international dialogue around the progress, feasibility, risks and benefits of these efforts. Climate engineering and current mitigation and adaptation efforts are not mutually exclusive. Experts generally agree that these new technological approaches alone are unlikely to provide adequate protection from the dangers posed by rising global temperatures.In 1965, the Science Advisory Committee raised concerns about manmade climate change and warned that “man is unwittingly conducting a vast geophysical experiment.” More than 50 years later, the field of climate engineering remains largely unknown, especially to policymakers and the public.There are real risks to using or rejecting climate engineering. While it is tempting to be for or against climate engineering, what decision-makers need to do now is to gather scientific facts and ask as many questions as possible about what the deployment of these technologies might mean for individuals, societies, nations, and regions.2023年11月英语二级笔译真题参考答案【英译汉】【Passage 1】性别平等不仅是一项基本的人权，也是建设一个和平、繁荣、可持续的世界所必需的基础。

翻译二级笔译实务-16(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Section 1 English-Chinese Translation(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：25.00)1.Don't have time to read anymore? Now you can get free, quick literature via email. More than 100,000 people open their email each day to read a chapter of a book, through Chapter-A-Day, an online book club created two years ago. It's a free email service that provides a short daily reading for busy people, exposing them to literature they may not find on their own, inspiring some to recommit to the reading habit. About 550 public library systems representing over 3,000 branch libraries already have signed up to offer Chapter-A-Day. Via email, participants get about five minutes' worth of reading every day. After three chapters are emailed, the installments stop, and those who want to keep reading can borrow the book at their public library or purchase it online. Chapter-A-Day has eight free book clubs, and sells thousands of books each month. Chapter-A-Day started in 1999 when Suzanne Beecher, a lifelong book lover, realized how many of the women who worked part-time for her software development company didn't have time in their busy lives to read. She decided to type part of a chapter of a book, and send it to her employees through email. The next day she typed a little more, and continued to send literary installments each day. She says she started getting feedback from the staff about how reading made them feel. "They were interested, and realized that, though they didn't have time in their busy lives for reading, just reading that little bit each day got them back in the habit". Realizing that many other people could benefit, she decided to take the idea even further and start an email" Chapter-A-Day" book club to help others ease their way back into daily reading. "Reading makes changes in people' s lives. " Beecher says.Pat Dempsey, a librarian at a public library in Ohio, has found Chapter-A-Day helps her library clients get back in the habit of reading. "It's a different way to get people hooked on books," she says.（分数：25.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(难道再也没有时间阅读书籍吗?现在你可以利用电子邮件从书籍里面解放出来。

1、百度经验你好，我于今年5月份通过了CATTI二级笔译，我觉得综合能力基本上不是很难，而实务是重中之重。

既然你还没有通过专八，建议你综合能力看一本词汇——《英语备考词汇全攻略2级》，一本语法——《薄冰高级英语语法》。

实务只要看中国石化出版社全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试命题研究组编《笔译实务测试高分突破2级》足矣，这本书比官方指定教材要新一些，错误也要少一些。

自己尝试实务的时候感觉时间很紧，实务考试的时候大概要达到怎样的翻译速度比较好呢？我个人认为，如果你能够在考试时尽可能减少翻词典的次数，再加上平时训练手写的速度，应该能够解决这个问题。

而第一点是需要充分扩大词汇量，即把《英语备考词汇全攻略2级》里面上万个词汇记得很熟练才能做到的。

根据考试大纲，英译汉速度要达到每小时500-600个单词，汉译英速度要达到每小时300-400个汉字。

我想这就是实务考试时大概要达到的翻译速度。

2、个人经验CATTI二级笔译考试主要考察个人双语基础能力，所以只要基础扎实、尽量不犯小错、语言得体流畅，考生们应该是可以通过的，下面说说个人的一些经验：1. 语言基础首先不能将二笔考试和四六级或专业四八级考试相比较。

翻译考试不同于一般的应试考试，翻译考试考查的是平时的积累和语言基础，我认为就CATTI笔译的两门考试科目《综合能力》和《实务》来说，语言基础大体要求如下：难度水平：三笔：综合接近专四或六级；实务难度接近专八翻译；二笔：综合接近专八及GRE；实务难度难于专八，而且篇幅，时间要求远高于专八翻译题。

词汇要求：三笔：扎实掌握5000以上词汇二笔：扎实掌握8000以上词汇（注意：是扎实掌握，而且是以上）知识面：对各中常见领域的基础知识和专业词汇需要有一定的了解。

知识面对于做翻译非常重要，一方面是要积累英语文化知识，多看看英美概况的书籍，多读跨文化交际的文章，对文学、语言学都要有浅显了解；另一方面还要扩充专业知识，多看看各门类的基础书籍（如经济，同学们最起码就应该知道什么叫无形的手）。

英译汉35Since Darwin，biologists have been-firmly convinced that nature works without plan or meaning，pursuing no aim by the direct road of design. But today we see that this conviction is a fatal error. Why should evolution，exactly as Darwin knew it and described it，be planless and irrational？Do not aircraft design engineers work，at precisely that point where specific calculations and plans give out，according to the same principle of evolution，when they test the serviceability of a great number of statistically determined forms in the wind tunnel，in order to choose the one that functions best？Can we say that there is no process of natural selection when nuclear physicists，through thousands of computer operations，try to find out which materials，in which combinations and with what structural form，are best suited to the building of an atomic reactor？They also practise no designed adaptation，but work by the principle of selection. But it would never occur to anyone to call their method planless and irrational.「参考译文」达尔文以后的生物学家们一直相信，大自然的运行是没有计划没有意义的，不会按照预先设定的途径实现任何目的。

国家人事部翻译专业资格（水平）考试（二级笔译）系列参考资料李鹏编写译道探微博客：/lipeng只有开放兼容，国家才能富强——在新加坡国立大学的演讲中华人民共和国国务院总理温家宝（2007年11月19日）Only an Open and Inclusive Nation Can Be Strong Address at National University of Singapore by Wen Jiabao, Premier of the State Council, the People's Republic of Chinaon November 19, 2007【原文】尊敬的李光耀资政，尊敬的施春风校长，同学们、老师们，女士们，先生们，朋友们：今天，我有机会到新加坡国立大学同各界知名人士和师生代表见面，感到十分高兴。

首先，我向在座各位并通过你们向新加坡人民转达中国人民的诚挚问候和良好祝愿。

【译文】Minister Mentor Lee Kuan Yew,Mr. Shih Choon Fong, President of the National University of Singapore,Students and faculty members,Ladies and gentlemen,Friends,I am delighted to have this opportunity of meeting you, leading public figures in Singapore and representatives of faculty and students of the National University of Singapore (NUS). Let me begin by conveying the warm greetings and best wishes of the Chinese people to you, and through you, to the people of Singapore.【评点】1.第二部分值得背诵，口译和笔译工作中都能用得上。

《全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语二级翻译口笔译词汇手册》A1、The style of natural guileless, show a long time ago agrestic breath.自然朴实的格调，显示出悠远的乡土气息。

The agrestic geography education is high school student's geography educational an importance constitutes the part. 乡土地理教育是中学生地理教育的一个重要组成部分。

Be in agrestic China, relations of production is the relation of farmer and land above all.在乡土中国，生产关系首先是农民和土地的关系。

2、I don't have even the slightest ailment. 我什么毛病也没有。

The boy refuses to go to school on [under] the pretext（借口）of illness [an ailment, sickness]. 这孩子装病不去上学。

That kind of ailment it's better to cure in the early stages." 我看这种病应该早些医治，要医断根才好，‖瑞珏十分关心地说。

No ailment was found, and he investigated again. 并没有发现什么毛病，于是他又检查了一遍。

He got timely treatment for his ailment. 他的病得到了及时治疗。

3、What he felt was more akin to pity than love. 他感受到的更像怜悯，而不是爱。

catti二级笔译参考书籍
CATTI二级笔译考试是一项综合性的考试，要求考生具备扎实的英语基础、良好的翻译技巧和丰富的知识储备。

为了备考该考试，以下是一些建议的参考书籍：
1. 《英语笔译实务》- 该书籍涵盖了CATTI二级笔译考试所需的大部分题材和领域，对于提高考生的翻译实践能力有很大帮助。

2. 《英语笔译综合能力》- 该书针对考试的各个方面进行了全面讲解，有助于考生巩固基础知识。

3. 《英汉互译教程》和《汉英翻译教程》- 这两本书分别针对英汉和汉英翻译进行讲解，帮助考生系统地学习翻译技巧。

4. 《笔译理论与技巧》- 该书从翻译的语义、句法、使用策略等角度进行论述，理论与实例结合。

5. 《翻译之道：理论与实践》- 这本书是翻译史、翻译理论和翻译批评的统一，对翻译理论和实践的关系进行了反思。

6. 《中国译学史》- 如果对中国的翻译史感兴趣，可以阅读陈福康先生的《中国译学史》。

7. 《翻译辨误》- 该书主要分析了学生常见的错译、误译和尚需改进的译文，例句偏向谚语和生活化。

8. 《通过翻译学英语》- 该书主要通过对150个正误译文实例的讨论，帮助读者提高汉译英的能力，例句很好，适合CATTI和MTI考试学习。

除了以上书籍，还可以参考其他权威的翻译教材和参考书，注重理论与实践的结合，多进行模拟练习和真题演练，提高自己的翻译水平和应试能力。

同时，也要注意保持英语学习的持续性和系统性，不断扩大自己的词汇量和语法知识，提高阅读和写作能力。

二级笔译官方教材
二级笔译的官方教材有很多，具体选择哪一本还需要根据个人的需求和水平来决定。

以下是一些常见的二级笔译官方教材：
1. 《全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试官方指定用书：英语笔译实务（二级）》，这本书是官方指定的考试用书，内容涵盖了英语笔译实务方面的知识和技巧，包括翻译理论、翻译实践、翻译技巧等方面的内容。

2. 《全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试用书：英语笔译综合能力（二级）》，这本书是官方指定的考试用书，内容涵盖了英语笔译综合能力方面的知识和技巧，包括语言知识、文化知识、翻译理论等方面的内容。

3. 《华研外语2023CATTI二级笔译官方教材》，这本书是华研外语出版的CATTI二级笔译官方教材，内容涵盖了CATTI二级笔译考试的全部知识点和考点，包括翻译实务、翻译理论、翻译技巧等方面的内容。

以上是一些常见的二级笔译官方教材，建议选择适合自己的教材，通过系统学习和实践提高自己的笔译水平。

同时，也可以参考一些其他资料和资源，如网络上的翻译练习、其他出版社的翻译教材等。

catti二笔备考教材
备考CATTI二笔，可以参考以下教材：
1. 《CATTI二级笔译实务》官方指定教材。

此书对考CATTI二笔非常重要，重点看实务部分，里面的文章都是往年考过的真题，多看每篇文章的翻译思路和语言组织，总结出自己的翻译风格。

2. 《政府工作报告双语版》。

这本书非常推荐，主要用来练习中英文的表达和积累词汇，政府工作报告里的用词都是最正式、最专业的，非常适合考CATTI的人用来积累词汇和学习语言表达。

3. 《CATTI二笔实务》历年真题及详解。

做真题可以熟悉考试的模式，以及实务部分的出题风格，这本详解书则可以帮你理解答案的思路，里面还有一本单独的真题集，可以用来模拟考试。

4. 《经济学人》。

可以用来积累词汇和熟悉西方的表达方式，里面的文章都是英美媒体写的，对提高英语的表达和翻译水平非常有帮助。

5. 《中式英语之鉴》。

这本书非常经典，主要讲的是我们在做翻译时很容易出现的中文表达习惯导致的英语翻译错误，非常适合考CATTI的人用来积
累地道的英文表达和避免中式英语。

6. 《非文学翻译理论与实践》。

这本书主要讲的是非文学翻译的思路和技巧，非常适合考试的人作为参考书来使用。

7. 《翻译的技巧》。

这本书主要讲的是翻译的技巧和方法，对于提高翻译水平很有帮助。

总的来说，备考CATTI二笔需要多积累词汇、熟悉语法、练习翻译技巧，同时要多看地道的英文表达和文章结构，通过不断的练习和总结来提高自己的翻译水平。

• Example 2：
• Killing Osama bin Laden and decimating al-Qaeda were successes, but the outcome in Afghanistan and relations with Pakistan hang in the balance. • Translation: 击毙奥萨马·本·拉登并摧毁基地组织算是成 功，但是阿富汗的未来及与巴基斯坦的关系仍悬而未决。 • • Economist, December 15th 2012
• Mr. Raby said: “The size of the find gives us a sense of two things: a sense of China as a country already producing things on an industrialized scale and also a China that is no longer producing ceramics to bury.” （2013年5月二笔） • Translation：拉比称：“本次发现规模之大，向我 们传递了两个信息：一是中国作为一个国家，当时 已经开始进行工业化生产；二是中国不仅仅是只生 产陪葬瓷器的国家。” • 对原文size，若仅按字面为“规模”，即“本次发现 的规模，向我们……”，则使译文不仅不通顺，而且 传达的是残缺的意思，也造成前后逻辑不服，读者 不知所云。实际上，根据下面，原文是在说“这次 发现的规模很大”，英语表达中习惯把一些意思暗 藏在某个词里以避免重复罗嗦。所以翻译成汉语时 还需要补足隐含的意思。
• 此例中，翻译难点在于单词footprint，如果按照 词典的意思，翻译成“足迹、印迹”，是说不通 的，更不符合本文语境。所以要突破词典的意思， 进行引申：如果说“美国在亚洲留下更多足迹”， 那么我们就说“美国更多地参与亚洲事务或者干 预亚洲事务（带有感情色彩）”。在关于国际关 系类文章时，footprint和relevance类似，应该译 成“参与”。Footprint原意虽然是具体的“脚印、 足迹”的意思，但在不同的语境中，其往往具有 不同的抽象意思，比如在环保类报告时， footprint应引申为“影响”。所以对于这类词， 同学们在翻译中一定要灵活。

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A peaceful, stable and booming/thriving Asia overall has boosted regional cooperation. We are seeing an emerging region-wide cooperation pattern that is open, strong, diversified, equality-based and mutually beneficial. At the moment, regional and sub-regional economic cooperation of all kinds are just flourishing, including cooperation dialogues and bilateral and multilateral free trade arrangements within and among East Asia, ASEAN, Central Asia, South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation or SAARC as well as Asia Cooperation Dialogue or ACD. This encouraging development presents yet another amazing opportunity for us. These major positive developments have made it possible for closer Asia-wide cooperation and generated historic opportunities for all countries and territories in Asia as they seek to grow and prosper. Together, let us seize the opportunities available and determine our own destiny on the basis of mutual respect and equality as we have done before. That is how we can reinvigorate Asia for a win-win outcome for all.

2003年12月英语二级笔译实务试题Section 1: English – Chinese Translation (英译汉)Part ANowhere to GoFor the latest on the pursuit of the American Dream in Silicon Valley, all you have to do is to talk to someone like “Nagaraj” (who didn’t want to reveal his real name). He’s an Indian immigrant who, like many other Indian engineers, came to America recently on an H-1B visa, which allows skilled workers to be employed by one company for as many as six years. But one morning last month, Nagaraj and a half dozen other Indian workers with H-1Bs were called into a conference room in their San Francisco technology-consulting firm and told they were being laid off. The reason: weakening economic conditions in Silicon Valley, “It was the shock of my lifetime,” says Nagaraj.This is not a normal bear-market sob story. According to federal regulation, Nagaraj and his colleagues have two choices. They must either return to India, or find another job in a tight labor market and hope that the Immigration and Naturalization Services (INS) allow them to transfer their visa to the new company. And the law doesn’t allow them to earn a pay-check until all the paperwork winds its way through the INS bureaucracy. “How am I going to survive without any job and without any income?” Nagaraj wonders.Until recently, H-1B visas were championed by Silicon Valley companies as the solution to the region’s shortage of programmers and engineers. First issued by the INS in 1992, they attract skilled workers from other countries, many of whom bring families with them, lay down roots and apply for the more permanent green cards. Through February 2000, more than 81,000 worker held such visas —but with the dot-com crash, many have been getting laid off. That’s causing mass consternation in U.S. immigrant communities. The INS considers a worker “out of status” when he loses a job, which technically means that he must pack up and go home. But because of the scope of this year’s layoffs, the U.S. government has recently backpedaled, issuing a confusing series of statements that suggest workers might be able to stay if they qualify for some exceptions and can find a new company to sponsor their visa. But even those loopholes remain nebulous. The result is thousands of immigrants now face dimming career prospects in America, and the possibilities that they will be sent home. “They are in limbo. It is the greatest form of torture,” says Amar Veda of the Silicon Valley-based Immigrants Support Network.The crisis looks especially bad in light of all the heated visa rhetoric by Silicon Valley companies in the past few years. Last fall the industry won a big victory by getting Congress to approve an increase in the annual number of H-1B visas. Now, with technology firms retrenching, demand for such workers is slowing. Valley heavyweights like Intel, Cisco and Hewlett-Packard have all announced thousands of layoffs this year, which include many H-1B workers. The INS reported last month that only 16,000 new H-1B workers came to the United States in February —down from 32,000 in February of last year.Last month, acknowledging the scope of the problem, the INS told H-1B holders “not to panic,” and that there would be a grace period for laid-off workers before they had to leave the United States. INS spokeswomen Eyleen Schmidt promises that more specific guidance will come this month. “We are aware of the cutbacks,” she says. “We’re trying to be as generous as we can be within the confines of the existing law.”Part BTopic 1 (选题一)What Is the Force of Gravity?If you throw a ball up, it will come down again. What makes it come down? The ball comes down because it is pulled or attracted towards the Earth. The Earth exerts a force of attraction on all objects. Objects that are nearer to the Earth are attracted to it with a greater force than those that are further away. This force of attraction is known as the force of gravity. The gravitational force acting on an object at the Earth’s surface is called the weight of the object.All the heavenly bodies in space like the moon, the planets and the stars also exert an attractive force on objects.The bigger and heavier a body is, the greater is its force of gravity. Thus, since the moon is a smaller body than Earth, the force it exerts on an object at its surface is less than that exerted by the Earth on the same object on the Earth’s surface. In fact, the moon’s gravitational force is only one-sixth that of the Earth. This means that an object weighing 120 kilograms on Earth will only weigh 20 kilograms on the moon. Therefore on the moon you could lift weights which are six times heavier than the heaviest weight that you can lift on Earth.The Earth’s gravitational force or pull keeps us and everything else on Earth from floating away to space. To get out into space and travel to the moon or other planets we have to overcome the Earth’s gravitational pull.Entry into SpaceHow can we overcome the Earth’s gravitational pull? Scientists have been working on this for a long time. It is only recently that they have been able to build machines powerful enough to get out of the Earth’s gravitational pull. Such machines are called space rockets. Their great speed and power help them to escape from the Earth’s gravitational pull and go into space.RocketsThe powerful space rocket works along the same lines as a simple firework rocket. The firework rocket has a cylindrical body and a conical head. The body is packed with gunpowder which is the fuel. It is a mixture of chemicals that will burn rapidly to form hot gases.At the base or foot of the rocket there is an opening or nozzle. A fuse hangs out like a tail from the nozzle. A long stick attached along the body serves to direct the rocket before the fuse is lighted.When the gunpowder burns, hot gases rush out of the nozzle. The hot gases continue to rush out as long as the gunpowder burns. When these gases shoot downwards through the nozzle the rocket is pushed upwards. This is called jet propulsion. The simple experiment, shown in the picture, will help you to understand jet propulsion.Topic 2 （选题二）Basketball DiplomacyCHINA”S TALLEST SOLDIER never really expected to live the American Dream. But Wang Zhizhi, a 7-foot-1 basketball star from the People’s Liberation Army, is making history as the first Chinese player in the NBA. In his first three weeks in America the 23-year-old rookie has already cashed his first big NBA check, preside over “Wang Zhizhi Day” in San Francisco and become immortalized on his very own trading cards. He’s even played in five games with his new team, the Dallas Mavericks, scoring 24 points in just 38 minutes. Now the affable Lieutenant Wang is joining the Mavericks on their ride into the NBA playoffs —and he is intent on enjoying every minute. One recent evening Wang slipped into the hot tub behind the house of Mavericks assistant coach Donn Nelson. He leaned back, stretched out and pointed at a plane moving across the star-filled sky. In broken English, he started singing his favorite tune: “I believe I can fly. I believe I can touch the sky.”Back in China, the nation’s other basketball phenom, Yao Ming , can only dream of taking flight. Yao thought he was going to be the first Chinese player in the NBA. The 7-foot-5 Shanghai sensation is more highly touted than Wang: the 20-year-old could be the No.1 overall pick in the June NBA draft. But as the May 13 deadline to enter the draft draws near, Yao is still waiting for a horde of business people and apparatchiks to decide his fate. Last week, as Wang scored 13 points in the Dallas season finale, Yao was wading through a stream of bicycles on a dusty Beijing street.Yao and Wang are more than just freaks of nature in basketball shorts. The twin towers are national treasures, symbols of China’s growing stature in the world. They’re also emblematic of the NBA’s outsize dreams for conquering China. The NBA, struggling at home, sees salvation in the land of 1.3 billion potential hoop fans. China, determined to win the 2008 Olympics and join the World Trade Organization, is eager to make its mark on the world —on its own terms. The two-year struggle to get these young players into the NBA has been a cultural collision —this one far removed from U.S.-China bickering over spy planes and trade liberalization. If it works out, it could be —in basketball parlance —the ultimate give-and-go. “This is just like Ping-Pong diplomacy,”says Xia Song, a sport-marketingexecutive who represents Wang. “Only with a much bigger ball.”Two years ago it looked more like a ball and chain. Wang’s Army bosses were miffed when the Mavericks had the nerve to draft their star back in 1999. Nelson remembers flying to Beijing with the then owner Ross Perot Jr. —son of the eccentric billionaire —to hammer out a deal with the stone-faced communists of the PLA. “You could hear them thinking: ‘What is this NBA team doing, trying to lay claim to our property?’” Nelson recalls. “We tried to explain that this was an honor for Wang and for China.” There was no deal. Wang grew despondent and lost his edge on court.This year Yao became the anointed one. He eclipsed Wang in scoring and rebounding, and even stole away his coveted MVP award in the Chinese Basketball Association league. It looked as if his Shanghai team —a dynamic semicapitalist club in China’s most open city —would get its star to the NBA first.Then came the March madness. Wang broke out of his slump to lead the Army team to its sixth consecutive CBA title —scoring 40 in the final game. A day later the PLA scored some points of its own by announcing that Wang was free to go West. What inspired the change of heart? No doubt the Mavericks worked to build trust with Chinese officials (even inviting national- team coach Wang Fei to spend the 1999-2000 season in Dallas). There was also the small matter of Chinese pride. The national team stumbled to a 10th-place finish at the 2000 Olympics, after placing eighth in 1996. Even the most intransigent cadre could see that the team would improve only if it sent its stars overseas to learn from the world’s best players.Section 2: Chinese-English Translation （汉译英）Part A Compulsory Translation（必译题）（20 points）中华民族历来尊重人的尊严和价值。

二级笔译改革开放30多年来，西藏通过深化改革和扩大开放积极推动全区商业、对外贸易和旅游产业加快发展，不仅增强了与内地的交流，同时也加强了与世界的联系和合作。

Over the past 30-odd years, Tibet has been committed to deepening reform and opening up as a way to expedite the development of commerce, foreign trade and tourism across the region. As a result, we have seen closer communication between Tibet and other parts of the country and more active engagement and cooperation between the region and the outside world.1993年，西藏与全国一道开始建立“框架一致、体制衔接”的社会主义市场经济体制，深化物资、粮食、日用消费品等领域价格流通改革并全面进入市场。

Back in 1993, Tibet joined the rest of the country to introduce the socialist market economy that is consistent in framework and system across the country. Tibet worked to deepen the reform of pricing and circulation along the lines of production essentials, grain and daily necessities and embraced market force across the board.目前，西藏已经深深融入全国统一的市场体系，来自全国和世界各地的商品源源不断地进入西藏，丰富着城乡市场和百姓生活。

二笔备考资料（实用版）目录1.二笔备考的重要性2.二笔备考资料的选择3.如何有效地利用二笔备考资料4.二笔备考资料的推荐正文对于许多学习中文的人来说，二笔考试是一个重要的里程碑。

二笔考试，全称为汉语水平考试（HSK）二级笔译测试，主要测试考生的中文听、说、读、写能力。

因此，如何有效地备考二笔考试，是许多考生关心的问题。

其中，选择合适的备考资料是关键的一步。

首先，我们需要明确二笔备考的重要性。

通过二笔考试，不仅可以检验自己的中文水平，还可以为今后的学习和工作提供有力的证明。

因此，为了顺利通过二笔考试，我们需要投入足够的时间和精力进行备考。

其次，如何选择合适的二笔备考资料呢？这里给大家提供一些建议。

首先，可以选择一些权威的教材，如《HSK 备考教程》、《新编 HSK 二级笔译》等。

这些教材的内容紧扣考试大纲，可以帮助我们系统地学习和掌握考试所需的知识点。

此外，还可以查阅一些历年的二笔考试真题，通过模拟考试来提高自己的应试能力。

那么，如何有效地利用这些备考资料呢？这里给大家提供一些建议。

首先，要合理安排学习时间，确保每天都有一定的学习时间。

其次，要结合自己的实际情况，找出自己的薄弱环节，有针对性地进行学习和提高。

最后，要充分利用模拟考试的机会，模拟真实考试环境，提高自己的应试能力。

最后，我们来推荐一些二笔备考资料。

首先是《HSK 备考教程》，这本书内容包括听力、语法、阅读和写作四个部分，非常适合备考二笔考试。

其次是《新编 HSK 二级笔译》，这本书收录了大量的翻译练习，可以帮助我们提高翻译能力。

此外，《HSK 历年真题》也是一本值得推荐的资料，通过模拟真题，我们可以了解考试的难度和趋势，为自己的备考提供参考。

总之，要想顺利通过二笔考试，我们需要选择合适的备考资料，并结合自己的实际情况，合理安排学习时间，有针对性地进行学习和提高。

catti二级笔译参考书籍摘要：一、引言1.介绍CATTI 二级笔译考试2.考试的重要性3.参考书籍对于备考的重要性二、CATTI 二级笔译考试简介1.考试概述2.考试内容3.考试形式三、推荐参考书籍1.《英语笔译实务》2.《英语笔译综合能力》3.《英汉互译教程》4.《汉英翻译教程》5.《翻译批评与赏析》四、参考书籍的使用方法1.针对不同阶段的备考者2.制定合理的阅读计划3.注重实践与理论相结合五、总结1.参考书籍对于备考的重要性2.鼓励备考者积极准备考试正文：CATTI 二级笔译考试，即全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试二级笔译，是我国翻译行业的一个权威认证。

该考试旨在选拔具备一定翻译水平和能力的人才，为我国对外交流与合作提供有力支持。

为了顺利通过这个考试，选择合适的参考书籍至关重要。

首先，我们来了解一下CATTI 二级笔译考试的基本情况。

该考试分为两部分：笔译实务和笔译综合能力。

笔译实务主要测试考生的英汉互译能力，而笔译综合能力则测试考生的英汉互译基础知识、词汇量、语法和阅读理解能力。

考试形式为闭卷笔试，共计100 分，60 分及格。

接下来，我们将推荐一些备考CATTI 二级笔译的参考书籍。

首先是《英语笔译实务》，这本书涵盖了CATTI 二级笔译考试所需的大部分题材和领域，对于提高考生的翻译实践能力有很大帮助。

其次是《英语笔译综合能力》，该书针对考试的各个方面进行了全面讲解，有助于考生巩固基础知识。

此外，《英汉互译教程》和《汉英翻译教程》分别针对英汉和汉英翻译进行讲解，帮助考生系统地学习翻译技巧。

最后，《翻译批评与赏析》可以帮助考生提高翻译审美能力和批评能力，从而在考试中取得更好的成绩。

在备考过程中，考生应根据自身的翻译水平和阶段，选择合适的参考书籍进行学习。

同时，制定一个合理的阅读计划并持之以恒，将有助于提高翻译能力。

最重要的是，考生应在阅读过程中注重实践与理论相结合，通过不断练习提高自己的翻译水平。

abluentn. 洗涤剂, 清洁剂 adj.洗涤的abnegatevt.否认; 放弃(权利等),克制abnegate the idea of freedom放弃自由的观念abnegator n.aboden. 住所, 住处,寓所noun [C usually singular]the place where someone lives:FORMAL The defendant is of no fixed abode (= has no permanent home). HUMOROUS Welcome to my humble abode!abominableadj.讨厌的, 可憎的, 恶劣的; 庸俗的;very bad or unpleasant:an abominable affair丑事, 恶行an abominable weather恶劣的天气Murder is the most abominable crime.凶杀是最可恶的犯罪。

That young girl has abominable taste in clothes.那个年轻女子的衣着太庸俗。

The prisoners are forced to live in abominable conditions. The weather's been abominable all week.abominably adverbHe behaved abominably towards her.aboriginaladj.原始的; 土著的,本地居民的aboriginal inhabitants土著居民aboriginal cost原始成本aboriginal dance山地舞aboriginal tribesman土著的部落居民n. 土著居民, 土生动[植]物, 土产aboundvi.(物产)丰富, 盛产; 富有, 充满(in, with)Natural resources abound in our country.我国自然资源丰富。