wish 后 的宾语从句谓语 but for sth(若不是) : but for sth =if it were not for sth(与现在相反) ， +…would do …
=if it had not been for sth.(与过去相反)， +…would have done…
otherwise/or: 表示事实的句子 一般现在时(do) + otherwise(adv)/or(conj) + ..would do…
一般过去时(did) + otherwise(adv)/or(conj) + ..would have done…
but(但是): 表示虚拟的句子 (与现在)…would do… + but + 事实句子…do…
(与过去) …would have done…+but + 事实句子…did…
Book6 Unit1 Art
语法：虚拟语气
Step1： lead-in ： 英语的三种语气
陈述语气: 用来陈述一个事实或提出一种看法，有肯定、否定、疑问和感叹等形式。祈使语气: 用来表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请和命令等。Hurry up!
虚拟语气: 表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。 If 条件从句 虚拟条件句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式
与现在事实相反的假设
did/were would/could/might do 与过去相反的假设
had done would/could/might have done 与将来相反的假设
did/were to do/should do would/could/might do 1. If I ____ (meet)Professor Smith last week, I___ (tell) him about it.
2. If I ____ _ (have) enough money now, I __ (buy) a car of my own.
3. If it tomorrow(rain), they off the meeting.(put)
4. If she here tomorrow(come), she
us what has happened to her . (tell) 虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：
①错综时间条件句是指从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同。此时需要按时间来确定虚拟形式。
5. If you ___ _(follow) my advice, you ___ _____ (be) a success now.
6. If you ___ (take) medicine yesterday, you __ (be) better now.
②隐含条件句： without / but for ，otherwise / or 等词表含蓄条件,需用虚拟语气。 7. Without air, there __ (be) no living things now.
8. If it had not been for the storm, we ___ (arrive) earlier.
9. B ut for your help, I ___ (fail) to win the first prize in the English C ompetition last week.
10. I am really busy. Otherwise l ___ (go) with you.
I would go with you, but I ___ (be)really busy.
③省略句
在虚拟条件句中，可省略 if ，把were ,had, should 提到句首，变为倒装句式．
11. I f I were you, I would go to bed early tonight.--- ___ ______ , I would go to bed early tonight.
12. If I ___ _(have) time, I would have visited you.---__ ___________ , I would have visited you. 13 _______ there sufficient masks, people would not buy phoney masks innocently.
④虚拟条件句与真实条件句的区分(看实现可能性的大小)
If I have time, I will help you with the work.
If he had come here yesterday, he would have seen his old friend.
Step3:虚拟语气特殊句型：
①wish 之后的宾语从句，表示一种没有实现或根本不可能实现的愿望，常用虚拟语气。
与现在相反： did 与过去相反： had done 与将来相反：would/could /might do
14. I wish I （be ）a
great scientist now I wish I （see ）the film
yesterday.
I wish she （come ）on time tomorrow.
②as if /though + Clause 与现在相反：did
与过去相反：had done 与将来相反：would/could/might do
15. She loves the baby as if it ____ her own son.(be)
They talked as if they ____ friends for years.(be)
He coughed twice as if someone____ ............ (come)
③ if only 意为：要是...那该多好啊; 真希望...; 由其引起的感叹句，谓语动词的形式与 if
虚拟条件句相同。 与现在相反：did 与过去相反：had done
与将来相反：would/could/might do
16. Look at the trouble I am in! If only I __ _______ (take)your advice.
④ would rather 宁愿；但愿
与现在相反：did 与过去相反：had done
与将来相反：did
17. You always go without me and I’d rather you ____ _. 你总是不带我去，我可不愿意你这样。
I would rather you ___ (come)here tomorrow.
I would rather you__ _______ (tell) me that thing yesterday.
George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I would rather he_____ (focus) more on its culture.
⑤It’s (about/high) time +that sb. did sth.
18. Tom, it is high time that __ _____________________ (你服药)。
19 ________________________________________ (政府该采取有效措施来解决这一问题了) ⑥表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。
1） 宾语从句 常见动词：
一坚持：insist 二命令：order, command
三建议：advise, suggest, recommend 四要求：require, request, demand, desire
20. T om’s pale face suggested that she __ _(send) to hospital.
_____(be) ill, and her parents suggested that she 21. Tom insisted what he said _____true and we insisted t hat he ___ (go) and have a look.
2) 以上动词相应的名词：order, command, advise, suggestion, requirement, request 等构成的名词性从句也要使用should + 动词原形，或者将should 省略。
22. Our teacher agreed to the suggestion that we ____ (give) two weeks to prepare for the exam. ⑦It’s necessary / important + that…从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should ）+动词原形
24. It is necessary that the problem__ ______ （settle ）at once.
Step4:几种表示虚拟的特殊句式
?情态动词+have done (“本”一族)
could have done(本能够做，但没做) ought to/ should have done(本该做，但没做)
needn’t have done (本没必要做，但是做了)
would rather 从句中的谓语形式 if only 后谓语 as if 后谓语形式
第一单元知识点 1. abstract 1) adj.深奥的，扌由象的e.g. Beauty is abstract but a house is not. 2) v.提炼，抽取；概括，写摘要e.g. Rubber is abstractedfrom trees. e.g. He is abstract ing a story for a book review他在为一篇书评撰写故事摘要。 3) n. an abstract of a lecture^个演讲的摘要 2. Would you rather have Chinese or Western-style paintings in your home? would rather do sth 情愿做， e.g. I would rather stay at home today. would rather sb dosth情愿sb 做，e.g. I would rather you came here tomorrow. would rather do sth than do sth = would do sth rather than do sth =prefer to do sth rather tha n do sth= prefer doing sth to doing sth e.g. I would rather go with you than stay here.= I would go with you rather than stay here.= I prefer to go with you rather than stay here.= I prefer going with you to staying here. 3. faith n.信任，信仰 break one's faith with sb.对某人不守信用keep faith with忠于信仰；守信have faith in相信，信任lose faith in不再相信in good faith老实地；诚恳地 e.g. I kept faith with him.我信守了对他的诺言。 He who loses faith, loses all失去信心的人，失去所有。 faithful adj.忠诚的，可靠的be faithful to,对,忠诚 4. consequentl adv.所以，因止匕 e.g. Mr Foster has never been to China. Consequently, he knows very little about it. consequent adj.作为结果的，随之发生的consequenee n.结果 as a consequence/result = in consequence a con seque nce/result of = because of e.g. She was found guilty, and lost her job in consequence (of it). 5. aim A. 1) n.目标(C)e.g. What is your aim in life?你生活的目的是什么? without aim 无目的的/ 无目标的achieve on6s aim达至U目标 miss on e'aim 打不中目标 (U) 对准,瞄准take aim at e.g. The hunter took aim at the lion. 2) v.(以枪等)对准，瞄准aim at aim at the target=take aim at the targe瞄准靶子 e.g. He aimed his gun at the tiger, fired but missed it. aimless a.无目标的，无目的的She led an aimless life. B. 打算，计划，以,为目标，立志做， aim at doing = aim to do瞄准,力求做到，力争达到 e.g. Harry aims at beco ming a doctor./Harry aims to become a doctor. 6. evident adj.明白的，明显的 e.g. The applause made it evident that the play was a hit. It is evident (obvious) (to sb) that, e.g. It's evident that you are tired. n. evidence 证据;证明in evidence = evident 明显的 7. realistic现实主义的，逼真的，现实的 in a more realistic way 以一种更逼真的形式 realism现实主义realist现实主义者real adj.真的realize v.实现
BOOK6 UNIT1 1.realistic be realistic about…: 对…现实 real adj.真的;真实的 really adv.真实地;真正地;事实上;的确 realize v.意识，认识 reality n.事实;现实 2.abstract in the abstract = in theory抽象地，理论上 →concrete[?kɑ?nkri?t] adj.具体的 3.sculpture = statue sculpt v. 雕刻 4.faith have/lose faith in… 对…有/失去信心 faithful adj.忠实的→faithless adj.不忠 诚的，不可信赖的 be faithful to 对…忠诚，忠于… 5.consequently = as a result / therefore / thus consequent adj.随之发生的 consequence n.后果 as a consequence of sth = as a result of sth 6.aim with the aim of doing sth = for the purpose of doing sth为了，目的是 achieve/fulfill one’s aim实现目标，达到 目的 aim at (doing) sth = aim to do sth 志在， 目的在，力争做某事（主语一般是人） be aimed at (doing) sth旨在…，目的在… aimless adj. 无目标的，漫无目的的7.conventional be conventional in…在…上循规守矩 →unconventional adj.非常规的；非传 统的； convention n. 惯例；常规；习俗 8.typical be typical of 是…的典型 It is typical of sb. to do某人一向爱做…9.evident It is evident (to sb) that…≈ It is obvious/clear/apparent (to sb) that…(对某 人来说)显然… evidently adv.显然地；清楚地 =obviously/apparently evidence n.证据 10.adopt adopted adj.收养的，领养的 adoption n.收养，领养，采纳，采用11.humanistic inhuman adj. 残忍的，无人性的 humanity n.人性；仁慈；博爱 12.possess（不用于进行时） possession take/have/in possession of…拥有，占有 in the possession of…为…所有，被…占 有 13.technique technical adj.技术上的 technological adj. 科技的 14.coincidence by coincidence 巧合地 It is (not) a coincidence that… …（不）是巧合 coincident adj. 巧合的,同时发生的15.masterpiece master n.大师vt.掌握，精通 16.a great/good deal ①做名词用，表示大量，很多 ②做副词用，用于修饰动词或形容词、 副词的比较级，表示非常、及其 a great/good deal of +不可数名词，表示 许多，大量… 17.shadow shade n.荫，背阴处；遮光物 18.controversial controversy n.争论；争议；辩论
Section_—it的用法(1) 语法图解 探究发现 ①It is a beautiful day here and I am sitting under the big tree at the end of the garden. ②Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up. ③It is never too late to mend. ④It is no use talking to them. ⑤It is said that he stole the money. ⑥I think it difficult to learn English well. ⑦We make it clear that speaking to the teacher in that way is not polite. ⑧I don't like it when people talk with the mouth full of food. [我的发现] (1)①句it表示天气，②句第一个it代替to_give_it_up作形式宾语；第二个it代替句中所说的“吸烟”的事。 (2)在句③④⑤中it用作形式主语，其中句③用在“It is＋形容词＋(for/of＋sb.)＋动词不定式(短语)”中，it指代动词不定式(短语)；句④用在“It is＋no use/good＋动名词(短语)”中，it指代动名词(短语)；句⑤用在“It is＋said/believed/reported＋that从句”中，it指代that 从句。 (3)在句⑥⑦⑧中it用作形式宾语，其中句⑥用在“动词＋it＋形容词＋动词不定式(短语)”中，it指代动词不定式(短语)，句⑦用在“动词＋it＋形容词＋that从句”中，指代that 从句；句⑧it用在某些特殊的句式中，指代when从句。 一、it用作人称代词和非人称代词 1．用作人称代词 (1)it用来指代前面的名词或前面提到过的事。 My friend offered me a beautiful gift yesterday, and I like it very much. 我朋友昨天给了我一件漂亮的礼物，我非常喜欢。
选修6 Unit 1 Art-Reading A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD. The Middle Ages (5th to the 15th century AD) During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. The Renaissance (15th to 16th century) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values graduallv replaced those held in the Middle Ages.People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess t heir own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the roles of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. Impressionism (late 19th to early 20th century) In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal. from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes. Naturally, these changes also led to new painting styles. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.
Unit4 Global warming-语法篇 __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 1.掌握it在强调句中的用法； 2.能够利用这个语法点进行遣词造句并运用到写作中； it的用法—强调句型 一、强调句型的基本用法 英语中常用的强调句型是：It is / was + 被强调部分(主语、宾语、状语) + that / who / whom + 其他部分。一般来说，被强调部分指人时，用who或whom，其他情况用that，但that也可指人。 现在用强调句型强调下面这个句子的主语、宾语和状语。 She met John at Mary’s birthday party last Sunday. →It was she who / that met John at Mary’s birthday party last Sun day. (强调主语) →It was John Whom / that she met at Mary’s birthday party last Sunday. (强调宾语) →It was at Mary’s birthday party that she met John last Sunday. (强调地点状语) →It was last Sunday that she met John at Mary’s birthday party. (强调时间状语) 温馨提示： 1.it为引导词，本身没有词义，仅起引导强调句式的作用； 2.若强调的主语是人时，常用who，间或用that，若强调的宾语是人时，多用whom / that； 3.在强调状语时，用that； 4.在强调结构时，无论被强调的是人还是物，是单数还是复数，be动词一律用单数形式is / was, 如果原句中的谓语动词是过去时态，就用was，若是现在时态或将来时态，就用is， 也可用情态动词+ be形式； 5. 判断一个句子是否是强调句型的方法：如果将句中的It is / was… that / who / whom…去掉，仍能 还原为一个完整的句子，那么此句就是强调句。否则，就是其他句型结构。 请比较：It was 2019 when he came back from the United States. (定语从句) It was in 2019 that he came back from the United States. (强调句型) 6. 被强调部分若是句子的主语，that / who之后的谓语动词在人称和数上应与句子的主语保持一致。 eg：It is I that / who am your friend that will come to help you. 二、强调句型的几种较为复杂的结构形式 1.被强调部分为状语从句。 Eg: It was when Tom was eleven years old that his talent for writing became obvious. 2.被强调部分含有定语从句。 Eg: It was on July 4 th, 1975 when he was born that his father died. 3.not…until结构用于强调句型。
高二英语选修6Unit3语法项目It的用法讲解 It的用法在高考中也是重现率较高的语言点，尤其是it用于强调句。其考查方式多通过“单项填空”进行，偶尔也出现在“短文改错”和“完形填空”中。1．(NMET98) It was only when I reread his poems recently ___ I began to appreciate their beauty． A．until B．that C．then D．so 正确答案：B 此题考查强调句，所以用that。 2．(NMET98) I hate____when people talk with their mouths full． A．it B．that C．these D．them 正确答案：A 此题考查it作形式宾语的用法，所以选A。 3．(MET91，短文改错)David and I did not agree and David pointed to a path which he thought it would probably lead to a village． 正确答案：去掉it，因为定语从句中已有宾语which。 一、要点点拔 1．代替上文中提到过的人或事物。指代人时，一般用于小孩或身份不十分明朗的人。 1) －Who is the baby? －It‘s my teacher’s son． 2) －Who is that gentleman? －It's my friend Tom．He(不可用It) wants to see you． 2．用于表达天气、环境、时间、距离、季节等。例如： 1) It’s half an hour’s walk from here to our school． 2) It‘s nice and warm here． 3) But it's two o'clock now, and it's time for us to go to school．3．用作形式主语.it 没有具体意义，而只是帮助把真正的主语移至句子后尾，使句子显得平稳一些，能借it 给移至句子后尾的主语有三种：一种由不定式表示，一种由动名词表示，一种由从句表示。
Unit1 课内练习答案（P3Ex.1） P3Ex.3 1F2T3T4T5T6T P4Ex.1 1superb2aim3ridiculous4faith5evident 6conventional7gallery8abstract9technique10sculpture P4Ex.2 possess a great deal By coincidence adopt attempted On the other hand predict 详解： 翻译：《这些作品是凡高的真迹吗？》最受欢迎的艺术风格在西方国家就是印象派，许多人想拥有一幅印象派作品并且不惜花巨资去买一幅，巧合的事是，一些采用印象派画法的画家也可以画出不为人知的“杰作”，有一位画家，奥托?沃森，用凡高的风格作画并且迅速赚了很多钱，许多评论家都觉得它是凡高的真迹，一方面，一些评论家发现了，另一方面，一些评论家好奇是否有许多“杰作”被挂在画廊上，一位膜拜凡高作品的人说：“如果这种杰作的数量超过200，我也不会惊奇.”于是有人预言下一幅“杰作”在什么地方什么地点会被发现？ P5Ex.2 1W2F3W4F 5.If he had right to choose his holiday,he would go to Mexico. 6.If I were not allergic to shellfish,I would enjoy eating them. 7.If the marble statue were not big for her garden,the housewife would
8.If we knew more about the disease,we would be able to treat the patients very effectively. P5Ex.3 1were would make2were would be3were would be 4could would paint5were would help6could take 7knew would send8could9were would be 10would come could P7Ex.2
高中英语选修6语法填空 Unit 1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. _______(consequence), this text will describe only the most important _____,starting from the sixth century AD. The Renaissance(15th to 16th century) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced _____held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a______(human) attitude to life. At the same time painters returned to_____(class) Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature____they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of_____(they), their houses and_____ (possess) as well as their activities and achievements. One of the most important______(discover) during this period was_____to draw things_____perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they _______(convince) that they were looking____a hole___a wall ___ a real scene. If the rules of perspective had not_______(discovere), no one would _____(be)able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence, oil paints_______(develop) at this time too, which made the colours used in paintings look____(rich) and deeper. ______the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces____which this period is famous. Impressionism(late 19h to early 20th century) In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal._____the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the________(Impress), who lived and worked in Paris. They were the first painters______(work) outdoors. They were eager to show_____light and shadow fell on objects at different times of day. At first, many people_____(like) this style of painting and became very angry about it. They said that the painters were ______(careful) and their paintings were ridiculous. Modern Art(29th century to today) At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were _______(controversy), but today they____(accept) as the beginning of______we call “modern art”. This is________the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways. These styles are so different. Who can predict_____painting styles there will be in the future? Unit 3 By the way, did you know that this is because you become addicted in three different ways. First, you can become___(physics) addicted to nicotine, which is one of the hundreds of_____ (chemistry) in cigarettes. This means that after a while your
Module 6 Unit 4 1. There are many such organizations under _______ of the government ______ are ______ of the poor people across the world. A. the umbrella; as; for the purpose B. the charge; that; for the purpose C. the charge; as; to the purpose D. the umbrella; that; to the purpose 2. A Goodwill Ambassador’s visits to countries ________ the UN has program mes to help people will encourage people working on the projects and _______ local people’s attention to the situation. A. in which; to draw B. in which; drawing C. where; draw D. where; drew 3. The girl ______ forward to buying a new gold watch. A. referred to look B. refers to looking C. referred to looks D. referring to look 4. It is required that the students _______ mobile phones in their school, so seldom ______ them using one. A. s houldn’t use; you will see B. not use; will you see C. don’t use; will you see D. shan’t use; you will see 5. _____ in experience, she didn’t manage to pass the interview. A. Lack B. For lack of C. Lack of D. Lacking 6. We need ____ knowledge. We also need skills on how to use knowledge in reality. A. no more than B. more than C. less than D. not more than 7. It has been ______ cold this week .He went three ____ to see his grandma yesterday. A. specially; especially B. especially; specially C. specially; specially D. especially; especially 8. Children are not ________ of the fact that life is hard for their parents to send them to school. A. known B. awake C. idea D. aware 9. But for the help of my English teacher, I the first prize in the English Writing Competition. A. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won 10. They demanded that the books __________ to the school library at once. A. return B. should return C. be returned D. would be returned 11. _____ not to miss the flight at 18:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. A. Reminding B. Reminded C. To remind D. Having reminded 12. The doctor that will _________ him is attempting to _________ the facilities/equipment for operation. A. operate on; operate on B. operate; operate C. operate on; operate D. operate; operate on 13. Chinese people _______ the largest percentage of the population of Macao. A. add up B. make up C. set up D. hold up 14. ________ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. A. Which B. When C. What D. As 15. When you come across a new word, you can _________ the dictionary. Which is NOT true A. look up B. refer to C. turn to D. look it up in 16. I have kept that picture __ I can see it every day as it always reminds me of my university days in London. A. in which B. where C. whether D. when 17. It is agreed that constant arguing doesn’t _____ a happy marriage. A. make out B. make for C. make up D. make up for 18. My former boss ________ us ________ a new company. A. helped; in setting up B. assisted; in setting up C. assisted; into setting up D. helped; into setting up 19. ---- We ________ to have you here tonight. --- Thank you and it is ______ for me to be invited. A. honour; honourable B. honour; an honour C. are honoured; honourable D. are honoured; an honour 20. China's National Earthquake Disaster Emergency Rescue Team to Haiti _____ 60 search and rescue personnel and three sniffer dogs. A. makes up of B. consists of C. made up of D. consisting of 21. --- Do you really want to go out --- It may rain. _________, I shall go out; I don’t mind the
人教版高中英语必修6内容全解 话题素材——艺术 好词 n. 欣赏 n. 灵感；启发 adj. 栩栩如生的；鲜艳的 n. 著作；作品 adj. 典型的；有代表性的 exhibition 在展示中 of beauty 美感 of art 艺术作品 the influence of 受……的影响 away (from) 脱离；放弃 one's life 丰富某人的生活
sale 待售 one's talent for... 展现对……的天赋 one's character 塑造某人的品格 画廊；美术馆 佳句 his paintings and his passion for art have_given_me_endless_inspiration. 他的画作和他对艺术的热爱都给了我无尽的灵感。 exhibition gives local artists an_opportunity_to_display_their_works. 这次展览为当地艺术家提供了展示自己作品的机会。 art, there are so many great artists that_I_just_admire. 关于艺术，有那么多我崇拜的艺术家。 [精美语篇] Dear John， I have good news to tell you. A famous Shaoxing Opera, Butter fly Lovers, will be put on in Tianjin Grand Theater at 2：00 p．m. on August the fifth. I know you take a great fancy to Chinese culture, especially the local operas. I hope this opportunity will not only make you happy, but also satisfy your interest in Chinese operas. If you can come, I suggest we have a look at the Museum of the Traditional Opera near the theater after the performance. There, I believe, you can know the history of many Chinese operas, which can increase your knowledge about Chinese culture. Looking forward to your reply.