英语
2018．4本试卷分第I卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共12页。满分150分。考试限定用时120分钟。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项：
1．答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。
2．第I卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3．第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第I卷
第一部分听力(共两节。满分30分)
该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What class does the woman want to sign up for? A．German．B．Spanish．C．French．
2．Where does the conversation take place?
A．In a parking lot．B．In a dormitory．C．At a concert entrance．3．What is the man?
A．A waiter．B．An accountant．C．A programmer．
4．Why does the man come here?
A．To look for his lost dog．B．To fill in a form．C．To buy a dog．
5．What is the woman probably going to do?
A．Make a call．B．Do some laundry．C．Watch TV．
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Where are the speakers?
A．In a supermarket．B．In a restaurant．C．In a library．
7．What will the woman have first?
A．The French onion soup．B．The club sandwich．C．Some ice water．
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．Why does the man telephone the woman?
A．To draw some money．B．To open an account．C．To request a statement．9．What does the man ask the woman for?
A．Her account number．B．The bank’s website address．C．The registration form．听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Where does the woman come from?
A．Japan．B．Kenya．C．China．
11．How is the woman’s country different from other countries?
A．Kids like plastic paper balls．
B．Kids are all good soccer players．
C．Kids make soccer balls themselves．
12．Why isn’t the woman playing soccer now?
A．She is too busy．B．She loses interest．C．She has no teammates．
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．How old is Corey?
A．7．B．16．C．19．
14．What is the woman’s favorite hobby now? A．Skiing．B．Swimming．C．Acting．
15．What does the woman think of playing computer games?
A．Relaxing．B．A waste of time．C．Helpful in making friends．16．What will the speakers do next?
A．Have an English class．
B．Go to the teacher’s office．
C．Meet the woman’s friends．
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．How will the travelers get to the Ferry Building from the hotel?
A．On foot．B．By boat．C．By bus．
18．What do the travelers need to bring tomorrow?
A．A packed lunch．B．Some money．C．A jacket．
19．Where can the travelers enjoy the painting collection?
A．Sausalito．B．The Golden Gate Bridge．C．The Golden Gate Park．20．What can the travelers do at Alanmo Square?
A．Do some shopping．B．Take some photos．C．Watch TV shows．
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Flying the friendly skies has been，well，not quite as friendly these days．If you’re looking not just for the best prices，most convenient times and most direct routes，but also for an airline that will treat you fight，you’11want to check these latest rankings．
We got our hands on the2017Aidine Satisfaction Study，released this month，from J．D．Power North America，a global research firm．Here’s what they discovered about the best airlines.
Alaska Airlines takes home the top honor for the10th time．Flying anywhere and Alaska Airlines is an option?Jump on that deal!Why?For the past decade，they’ve ranked the highest among traditional carriers，with the score of765on a1，000-point scale．Delta took home the silver but only with a seven-point gap from its competitor A1aska Airlines．American Airlines came in for the bronze．
For budget airlines，Southwest is second to none．Since the research was divided into parts，
Southwest got an honor of its own in the“low—cost carrier”part，defeating JetBlue Airways by four points．This small margin(差额)is significant，since Southwest officially ends JetBlue Airways’winning this category constantly for11years．
The full list of the top10airlines，either in traditional carriers or the budget ones are below：
21．What is the score of Delta Airlines in the2017Airline Satisfaction Study? A．765．B．758．C．772．D．769．
22．Which airline does well both in traditional and budget carriers?
A．Alaska Airlines．B．Air Canada．C．United Airlines．D．Frontier Airlines．23．What do we know about Southwest Airlines?
A．It narrowly beat JetBlue．B．It took the second place．
C．It is the best traditional airline．D．It is the safest airline．
B
On September5，Earl Melchert was supposed to be at work managing a fertilizer plant but he forgot a diesel(柴油)can that he had needed to fill，so he left work and drove to his home in Alexandria，Minnesota，to grab it．As he prepared to head back to work，he saw something moving in his field about a haft-mile away．“I thought at first it was a deer．”he said in an interview．It turned out to be15-year-old Jasmine Block，who had disappeared on August8from her home about30miles from Melchert’s home．“I could make out her face，and I went，‘Oh my gosh，this is the girl from Alexandria that’s been gone for29days；’”Melchert said．“It'd been on the news．It’d been online．It went national．It was on posters，in stores，her face，her picture．Right away I recognized her．”
Jasmine had escaped from a nearby abandoned house，where the three men who abducted her had kept her for the previous few days．She swam across the lake near Melchert’s property to get to his house．
All three men involved in the kidnapping have been arrested．On Friday，the Alexandria Police Department presented Melchert，with a$7，000reward that had been offered for information leading to Jasmine’s return；$2，000had come from Jasmine’s family and$5，000from an anonymous donor．Melchert said he knew exactly what to do with the check．He gave it to Jasmine．“It’s the best thing I've ever done，”said Melchert，who went to dinner with Jasmine and her family after the presentation on Friday．“The family needs the money．”he said．“To me，yeah，that’s a lot of money，but they need it way worse than，I do．”
24．Where did Melchert spot the missing girl?
A．On his way home．B．On his way to work．
C．In his house．D．In a fertilizer plant．
25．What does the underlined word“abducted”in Paragraph3mean?
A．Taught someone a lesson．B．Took someone away by force．
C．Played a trick on someone．D．Reminded someone of something．26．Which of the following words can best describe Melchert?
A．Considerate and kind．B．Adaptable and faithful．
C．Humorous and professional．D．Ambitious and cooperative．
27．What could be the best tide of the text?
A．A missing teenager．B．Kidnappers arrested．
C．A teenager resuced by the Internet．D．Melchert’s reward going to the victim．
C
Nature may be red in tooth and claw．But one caterpillar(毛毛虫)dresses in orange and black to avoid becoming somebody’s lunch．What’s really surprising，though，is that this distinctive set of stripes(条纹)can serve as both a warning and as disguise，depending on how far away it is from the viewer．
Animals can make use of color as a defense mechanism in a couple of ways．Some shades and patterns help animals combine into the background．However dating markings often work as a signal that an animal is uneatable．
So，these two strategies have often been considered not to coexist．But under natural conditions you find this distinction is less clear cut．
Jim Barnett of the University of Bristol，who led the study to explore whether the same
coloration might do double duty，allowing an animal to be obvious under some conditions but unseen in others．They focused their attention on the caterpillars．Their bright appearance was believed to remind the birds that may have eaten others of their kind that they are none too tasty，thanks to their fixed diet．
The researchers took photos of the caterpillars in suburban green spaces around Bristo1．And they used a visual modeling program to give them a“bird’s-eye view”of what the caterpillars look like，either close-up or from farther away．What they found is that although at close range the caterpillar's stripes are highly obvious—these bright colors distinguish it quite easily from its background—but when viewed from a distance they mix together to form a color which is actually quite difficult to tell from the background color．So，the caterpillar is getting the best of both worlds．Close up，the stripes may keep your distance．But from a distance，they allow the caterpillars to hide in plain sight．
The finding is a reminder：Don’t forget to step back and see things from a different perspective．
28．What is the function of the animals’daring markings?
A．To avoid being eaten．B．To attack their enemies．
C．To distinguish themselves．D．To please their partners．
29．How does caterpillars’coloration perform its double duty?
A．By adapting to the environment or changing it．
B．By making their appearance attractive and bodies stronger．
C．By frightening off enemies or avoiding being found easily．
D．By changing their skin colors in case of peace and danger．
30．When viewed from a distance caterpillars appear to________．
A．show off their stripes B．take on different colors
C．transform their shapes D．combine into the surroundings
31．Which of the following does the author agree?
A．Every coin has two sides．
B．Put character before appearance．
C．Try to view things from a different angle．
D．One bird in the hand is worth two in the bush．
D
In the basement of a landmark27-story tower in Stockholm，Petterson is hoping to sow the seeds of an indoor urban farming revolution．He is the chief executive of Plantagon，a new urban farming factory set to kick off operations in the basement of an office block in the Swedish capital．He is by no means the first enthusiast for indoor farming，which has become increasingly fashionable in recent years．Claims for the practice of growing food in basements range from feeding people in desert environments to transforming the negative environmental effects of monoculture farming．
Plantagon’s early promises reflect this new optimism．Petterson calls the farm’s approach “agritechture”：the combination of agriculture，technology and architecture hoping to revolutionize how we live and eat．
The term may be new，but the concept isn’t．Indoor farming is made possible by agricultural technologies such hydroponics(growing plants without soil)and aeroponics(in which plants are grown in air over containers)．Food can be produced without direct sunlight or soil．Plantagon plans to grow high-value foods in a pumice-like material rather than soil．Water for the plants is measured precisely．It will also dehumidify(除湿)the air and reuse any extra water to ensure zero waste．Compared with conventional agriculture，it will need much less water to produce the same amount of crops．
Energy is also a key issue for indoor urban farms，which have to create artificial sunlight．Although advances in the efficiency of LED lights have helped bring down energy consumption in recent years，plants use only about1percent of the artificial light produced．This leads to a great waste of energy，most of which disappears as heat．The basement farm will capture around70percent of this wasted heat and pipe it into the heating system of the office block above．Oxygen produced by the plants will be sent to office workers via the building’s air conditioners．
32．What does Plantagon plan to do in the basement?
A．Grow crops．B．Do operations．
C．Open a seed company．D．Give lectures about farming．
33．What does the underlined phrase“the term”in Paragraph4refer to? A．Aeroponics．B．Hydroponics．C．Monoculture．D．Agritechture．
34．What do indoor farms do with energy waste?
A．Produce oxygen．B．Run air conditioners．
C．Heat offices．D．Create artificial sunlight．
35．What is the text mainly about?
A．A farming revolution．B．Petterson’s achievement．
C．A water-saving farming project．D．An environment-friendly system．
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为
多余选项。
Have you ever considered how important transportation is to the world?36We would have to get or make our own food，our own clothes，even our books，and newspapers．Everything that we have come to depend on is brought to us．Even the water that we drink is transported through pipelines from wells to our homes and offices．We have come to depend on the availability of three principal kinds of transportation：land，sea and air．
Automobiles，railroads，trucks and pipelines are the principal means of land transportation．37 Without our principal means of air transportation，the airplane，we would have to slow down our lives and commerce．
Nearly every major city in the world provides some form of public transportation．38The most common form is the bus．Buses have been in use in major cities since approximately 1900．They provide transportation service on countless routes from the city center to the suburbs．Subways are mostly found in large cities．The subway is an underground system of high speed trains，which move more quickly and efficiently than buses．And they will deliver you to within walking distance of almost any place in the city．39
Cabs are more expensive than buses or subways，but they will deliver you to the exact location you want in the shortest time possible．40And as an added attraction，many cab drivers will tell you stories about their adventures or even the details of their life stories．
If you ever visit a major city in another country，you will probably have no trouble getting around．However，no matter what form of transportation you adopt，you may come to the conclusion that the most inexpensive and reliable form of transportation will be your own two legs．A．Transportation is surely of great importance to us．
B．Without transportation modern life wouldn’t exist．
C．It is cheap and helps to reduce the traffic problems．
D．Ships form the chief means of water transportation．
E．You will quickly find out about the heavy traffic during rush hours．
F．They are convenient if you are in a hurry or taking along lots of luggage．
G．The one drawback of subway trains is that they are often crowded and noisy．
第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1．5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Saving Duke turned out to be one of the best decisions Jenna had ever made．Little did this family know they were about to be extremely41for adopting Duke．Six years later，it became apparent just how42Duke is to the family．This43came when Jenna gave birth to their second child，a beautiful little girl called Harper．
In early October2012，Harper was only nine weeks old when something unusual occurred．Duke44Mom and Dad in the middle of the night with the most abnormal behavior．Duke jumped up on Jenna and Eric’s bed and began shaking from head to toe．It was such 45behavior to see from such a typically well-behaved dog．At first，Jenna and Eric tried to46 the dog，but then they thought the dog might be47this way for another reason．Sure enough，Eric quickly ran in to48on Harper and was shocked by what he saw．
Harper looked just like a doll．She went49，her eyes glassy，and her figure unmoving．Their new baby wasn’t breathing and the parents needed to50quickly．Fortunately，Jenna51Harper hard on the back and the baby began breathing again．The parents were immediately flooded with 52，but it didn’t take long for that relief to turn to gratitude to Duke．It appeared Harper’s53 had been caused by acid reflux(胃酸倒流)．Consequently，she ended up54on the up-swallow．55Duke，the parents would have slept right through it．
56，the case of Duke received wide publicity．“We rescued him and he57us by rescuing our daughter during an emergency，”Jenna tearfully told cameras58the rescue happened．“Duke with no doubt is a hero to us．”
Indeed，heroes are59from love.The more you love them，the more they love you．So save
a dog and give it a60to save you too．
41．A．regretful B．grateful C．delighted D．worried 42．A．generous B．sensitive C．mean D．vital 43．A．realization B．admiration C．news D．relationship 44．A．annoyed B．interested C．attacked D．surprised 45．A．brave B．rude C．strange D．normal 46．A．calm down B．pick up C．play with D．believe in 47．A．barking B．jumping C．reacting D．rushing 48．A．check B．wait C．spy D．focus 49．A．mad B．hungry C．red D．pale 50．A．recover B．act C．call D．run 51．A．1aid B．threw C．hit D．took 52．A．disappointment B．relief C．anxiety D．satisfaction 53．A．mistake B．puzzle C．disability D．problem 54．A．choking B．breathing C．pausing D．flowing 55．A．Thanks to B．But for C．In spite of D．Regardless of 56．A．Hopefully B．Naturally C．Honestly D．Sadly 57．A．repaid B．betrayed C．treated D．supported 58．A．before B．when C．since D．after 59．A．protected B．respected C．spread D．made 60．A．1ife B．home C．chance D．hand
第Ⅱ卷
注意事项：
用0．5毫米黑色签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
At the back of King's College there is a memorial stone in white marble to honor the Chinese poet Xu Zhimo．61(move)to the UK in1921，Zhimo spent a year studying at King’s where he 62(fall)in love not only with the romantic poetry of English poets like John Keats，hut also with Cambridge63(it)．
His poem，Second Farewell to Cambridge，64is considered to be his most famous one，is now a compulsory text on Chinese literature，65(1earn)by millions of school children across our country every year．The poem66(vivid)paints a portrait of King’s and the River Cam，and serves 67a reminder of Xu Zhimo’s fondness for his time in Cambridge．
While the poem had been set to music many times before．the English composer John Rutter，one of the mainstream classical68(musician)，was invited by King’s College to make the first musical setting of the text．The new piece，written and recorded in69(celebrate)of the near 100-year link between King’s College70Xu Zhimo，has been released on a new album on the King’s College Record Label．
第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文
中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last Sunday，sixty students from our school pay a visit to China Science and Technology Museum．
The museum，which main task is to spread the knowledge of science and technology，covers
area of48，000square meters．The moment when we entered the museum，the exhibition caught their attention．In the museum，we saw the latest progresses in science and technology．Moreover，we did an amazed scientific experiment by ourselves．What appealed for us most was the3D film that made us feel we were in real events．
Though the visiting time was slight short，we gained a lot．It is so an instructive activity that we hope more will be organized in the future．
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是李华，你看到“悦读网”(Enjoy reading)正在举行“百日阅读汉语经典”活，要求参加者在网上连续阅读一百天，每天至少半小时，完成后该网站免费赠送书籍。请你的留学生朋友Henry写封邮件，推荐该活动。内容包括：
1．介绍该活动；
2．推荐该活动；
3．推荐理由(至少两条)。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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海淀区高三年级第二学期期末练习 语文2018.5 一、本大题共8小题，共24分。 阅读下面的材料，完成1--8题。 材料一 最近，一款名为“旅行青蛙”的游戏在网络上走红。游戏主角是一只青蛙，它独自吃饭，读书，外出旅行。玩家能做的，就是在庭院里采摘三叶草“赚钱”，为它准备餐食，给它整理出发的行靠，然后发现它一声不响地离开，再等它悄无声息地归来。没有激烈炫目的画面，没有复杂的操作流程，游戏设置朴素到寡淡，却让很多人投入其中，原因在于这款游戏对现实生活的深刻隐喻引发了人们强烈的共鸣。 “养蛙”，“养娃”，相近的读音，让人联想到相似的生活场景。傍晚归家，我们总会看到餐桌上摆好了父母早已准备好的可口饭菜；离开家乡，日益年迈的父母除了惦念，能做的也只是帮助我们整理行囊，多备些衣物吃食，将家的温暖尽力延续得久一点儿。这份长情的付出，是游戏内外并无二致的父母深情。只不过，这份深情常常被一种“空巢”的孤独覆盖。前一晚，“蛙儿子”还在桌前吃饭、床上读书，第二天一早，房间里却已不见踪影。更多时间，是玩家一人面对空荡荡的房间，等待它的归来。玩家只能凭借它从远方寄来的一张张照片去想象“蛙儿子”过得怎样，现在何方。那份独自思念的寂寥，那份不知归期的守候，让我们隐约体会到了父母“空巢”之后的苦楚与不易，却也难说我们真正懂得了那些一别数载、难得团聚的“空巢老人”的复杂心情。毕竟，游戏带来的体验与现实相比，还是浅薄了些。 反观这只青蛙，何尝不是另一种“空巢”角色? 独自吃饭，独自远行，独自生活，这只蛙的日常状态，也是背井离乡、独自于远方拼搏的“空巢青年”的现实写照。他们每天随着人流上班、回家，日常饮食常靠外卖速食解决，更多的时间里形单影只，独自排解内心的孤独。偶尔给父母打一个电话，想一吐心中的落寞和艰难，但电话接通的瞬间，心又变得坚强起来，于是在寒暄问候中，多说新成绩，少说不容易，就像游戏里青蛙寄回的照片，不时展现各种美景，让我们愉悦和安心。 两种“空巢”的孤独，凝结在掌间的屏幕上，一款游戏折射出现实人生。 (取材于文紫啸等的相关文章) 1.根据材料一，下列对“旅行青蛙”游戏的理解，不正确的一项是(2分) A.游戏走红的原因是青蛙能够时时与玩家互动 B.玩家“养蛙”的情境，让人联想到父母对子女的付出 C.一张张美景照片是玩家想象青蛙旅行生活的唯一凭借 D.青蛙独自在外生活，就像“空巢青年”一样 2.下则对材料一中加点词话的解说，不正确的一项是（2分) A.悄无声息：“悄”的意思是“没有声音”，读音为“qiǎo” B.炫目：意思是“光彩夺目”，也可写作“眩目” C.并无二致：意思是“没有多大区别”，近义词是“相差无几” D、寒暄“暄”是“温暖”的意思，“寒暄”不可写成“寒喧” 3.请结合《论语·里仁》中“父母在，不远游。游必有方”这句话。谈谈你对材料一中背井离乡、独自于远方拼搏的青年的看法(5分) 材料二 随着高科技的突飞猛进，电子游戏已进入千家万户，继绘画、雕刻、建筑、音乐、诗歌、舞蹈、戏剧、电影之后，成为人类历史上的第九艺术。 根据最新发布的国际市场数据分析报告，2018年游戏软硬件产业收入将达1650亿至1000美元，并在2022年前达到2300亿至2350亿美元的规模。如果预测成真，五年后的游戏软硬件产业收入将超过现今全球150个国家的GDP 。从最早的示波器乒乓游戏到后来的FC红白机、街机。PnySation PC机、智能手机，电子游戏虽然只发展了半个多世纪，却势如破竹，以其独特的魔力成为了电子设备上不可或缺的一种娱乐方式。 现在，电子游戏开始向虚拟现实狂奔。“虚拟现实”是一个技术系统，是综合了计算机图形、多媒体、传感器、人机交互、网络、立体显示以及仿真等多种科学技术发展起来的。这种新技术力求给用户带来无限接近真实的浸入式使用体验，因而被广泛应用于电子游戏中。比如，在刘慈欣的小说《三体》中，玩家进入三体游戏之前，需要穿上由一个全视角显示头盔和一套感应服构成的“V装具”。通过记录视网膜特征，感应服可以使玩家从肉体上感觉到游戏中的击打、刀刺和火烧，能产生出酷热和严寒的效果，甚至还能逼真地模拟出身体暴露在风雪中的感觉。 当虚拟现实技术日益普及之后，所有二维的屏幕都能非常轻易地被“虚拟现实”系统替代，多自由度、多感官通道融合所带来的信息刺激，将为大脑营造出极近真实的幻觉，它将可以放大并操控每一个人的情绪反应与感官体验。虚拟现实技术的用户不再是那个被隔离在内容之外的观看者，而是参与者、体验者，可以瞬间参与一场激烈的战争，或者踏入一片静谧的丛林，又或者站在一颗遥远荒芜的行星上。 但是，随之而来的问题是，当我们可以借助技术手段模拟、仿真、复制、创造外部世界对人类感官的刺激信号时，虚拟与现实的界限已经模糊，甚至真假难辦了，这时人类将更难以区分虚拟游戏与现实生活。(取材于阿莫、骆立玛等的相关文章) 4.下列对材料二的理解与推断，不正确的一项是(2分) A.作为人类历史上的第九艺术，电子游戏已进入千家万户，丰富了人们的生活。
静安区高三年级英语期中（二模）测试卷（2018.5） I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. By the seaside. B. In a restaurant. C. In a supermarket. D. At home. 2. A. Driving the private car costs little. B. Taking subway requires a special pass. C. It’s more convenient to carry canned fish by pri vate cars. D. It’s uncomfortable to take the subway. 3. A. A phone company clerk. B. A mechanic. C. A travel agent. D. A marriage consultant. 4. A. The woman should go out to work. B. The woman should take charge of the cleaning herself. C. Maids are not very trustworthy these days. D. He contributes a lot to the family economy. 5. A. He is not clever enough for the math club. B. He doesn’t have enough enthusiasm to explore math. C. He lacks former experiences in math study. D. He will be sooner or later admitted into the math club. 6. A. 2. B. 3. C. 5. D. 7. 7. A. The woman was mistaken about where she lost her ipad. B. The woman’s ipad might be kept well in the library. C. There’s a very slight chance of finding back her ipad. D. Her ipad is for public use so she might as well buy a new one. 8. A. As a science fiction fan, she has already seen the film. B. She will go to deal with a dental problem then. C. She will go for a business appointment then. D. She is not very happy to go to see a film with the man. 9. A. Her personal feeling quite contrasts with the research finding. B. Reading books is teenagers’ favourite activity. C. All the researches are offering misleading information. D. Mobile phones have taken none of teenagers’ leisure time. 10. A. Previous customers have bought up the ovens on sale. B. Many other goods on sale are still available. C. The man can buy the oven through other channels. D. The oven is now sold at regular price. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages
2017 学年第二学期奉贤区调研测试高三语文试卷（2018.4） （完卷时间 150 分钟，满分 150 分） 一、积累运用（10 分） 1.按要求填空。（5 分） （1），铁马秋风大散关。（陆游《书愤》） （2）成语“任重道远”出自《·泰伯》：“，任重而道远”。 （3）古人诗词中常借用虚拟之景表达情感，如秦观《踏莎行》中的“雾失楼台，月迷津渡”。柳永的《雨霖铃》中与之手法相似的诗句是“，”。 2.学习中遇到困难止步不前时，下列名言用以自勉不恰当的一项是（）。（2 分） A.锲而不舍，金石可镂。——荀子《劝学》 B.不登高山,不知天之高也。——荀子《劝学》 C.譬如为山，未成一篑，止，吾止也。——《论语·子罕》 D.善学者假人之长，以补其短。——《吕氏春秋·孟夏纪》 3. 填入下面语段空白处的语句，最恰当的一项是（）。（3 分） 我们在以理性为武器批判一切之前，是否先应对理性本身进行批判？我们在用武器批判一切之前，是否先对武器本身进行批判？我们在使用工具之前是否应先研究工具？理性是什么？它的内容和界限是什么？这种，就是哲学思考的根本问题。 A.对理性的思想，对理性的批判 B.对理性的批判，对思想的批判 C.对理性的思想，对思想的思想 D.对理性的批判，对批判的思想 二、阅读（70 分） （一）阅读下文，完成第 4-9 题。（17 分） ①一般印象中，人类学家有点像是独行者，他在一个遥远的地方，去经历着不同文化给自己的磨难。所以，李亦园先生说了这么一段话：“人类学的研究工作有一大特色，那就是要到研究的地方去做深入的调查探索，无论是蛮荒异域还是穷乡僻壤都要住过一年半载，并美其名叫‘参与观察’。”因而，人类学家的生涯，与孤独寂寞分不开。人类学家要备尝田野的孤独寂寞，是因为田野工作引起的文化冲击或文化震撼“经常使你终身难忘，刻骨铭心”。人类学家不仅要承受孤独寂寞和文化震撼，还会时不时陷入一种难以自拔的困境。马林诺夫斯基在田野中写下的《严格意义上的日记》，有这么一段话对自己的“迷糊状”做了生动的自白：4月7日（1918年）。我的生日。我还是带着照相机工作，到夜幕降临，我简直已筋疲力尽。傍晚我与拉斐尔聊天，谈到特洛布里安德岛人的起源和图腾制度。……我困惑，我陷入到了那里的生活方式之中。所有一切都被阴影笼罩，我的思想不再有自己的特征了。 ②像马林诺夫斯基这样的人类学家，大凡都 ．．．要经历冷酷的田野生活，他的日记给人以“羌笛何须怨杨柳，春风不度玉门关”之感。从一个角度看，他们成为人类学家，与他们遭受的磨难有直接的关系。马林诺夫斯基之所以是马林诺夫斯基，是因为他离开了家园，离开了波兰和英国，到蛮荒的特里布恩德岛；费孝通之所以是费孝通，是因为他离开了家乡，离开了自己的学院，偕同妻子双双去了大瑶山……为什么这些人类学家非要这样实践他们的人生？要把他们的青春耗费在遥远的穷乡僻壤？马林诺夫斯基在自己的日记里，忠实地表达了作为一个平常人的困惑，他面对过的压抑、无聊、无所适从，也是其他人类学家面对过的。然而，从事实地研究的人类学家坚信，田野生涯里的种种忧郁，不是没有价值的，相反，它们正是特殊的人类学理解能力的发挥。
河北省唐山市 2017届高三第二次模拟考试 数学（理）试题 第Ⅰ卷（共60分） 一、选择题：本大题共12个小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的. 1.已知集合{}|3A x N x =∈<，{}|,,B x x a b a A b A ==-∈∈，则A B =I （ ） A ．{}1,2 B ．{}2,1,1,2-- C ．{}1 D ．{}0,1,2 2.设复数z 满足1 132 z i z +=--，则||z =（ ） A ．5 B C ．2 D 3.如图是八位同学400米测试成绩的茎叶图（单位：秒），则（ ） A ．平均数为64 B ．众数为7 C ．极差为17 D ．中位数为64.5 4.“2 560x x +->”是“2x >”的（ ） A ．充分不必要条件 B ．必要不充分条件 C ．充要条件 D ．既不 充分也不必要条件 5.一个几何体的三视图如图所示，该几何体的表面积为（ ）
A ．24π- B ．243π- C ．24π+ D ．242π- 6.已知双曲线过点(2,3)，渐进线方程为y =，则双曲线的标准方程是（ ） A ． 22 711612 x y -= B ． 22 132y x -= C ．2 213 y x -= D ． 22 312323 y x -= 7.函数21 x y x -=+，(,]x m n ∈的最小值为0，则m 的取值范围是（ ） A ．(1,2) B ．(1,2)- C ．[1,2) D ．[1,2)- 8.执行如图所示的程序框图，若输入的5n =，则输出的结果为（ ） A ．4 B ．5 C ．6 D ．7
普陀区2017学年第二学期高三英语质量调研 参考答案 I. Listening Section A 1-5 B C A B C 6-10 D C B D D Section B 11-13 C A D 14-16 B B D 17-20 A D B A II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 21. on 22. to serve 23. that 24. involved 25. what 26. had become 27. where 28. them 29. but 30. have been found Section B 31-35 E J K B A D I G H C III. Reading Comprehension Section A 41-45 CDABD 46-50 ABDAC 51-55 CBABC Section B 56-59 C D B B 60-62 CA C 63-66 C B C D Section C 67-70 D A F B IV. Summary Writing For Reference： A study shows if a person has a good short-term memory he is likely to feel bored quickly. Assuming memories of past experience may influence the different rates at which some people feel fed up, two researchers conducted a test, relating students’ memory capacity to their performance, and got the result. The findings may apply to marketing, self-controlling and educating. (60)
海淀区高三年级第二学期期末测试 物理2020.6 本试卷共8页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 本部分共14题，每题3分，共42分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。 1．下列说法中正确的是 A．天然放射现象说明原子具有复杂的结构 B．太阳辐射的能量主要来自太阳内部的核聚变 C．原子核分成单个核子的过程一定有质量亏损，释放出能量 D．一群处于n=2能级的氢原子自发跃迁，可能发出3种不同频率的光子 2．下列说法中不．正确 ．．的是 A．水和酒精混合后的总体积小于二者原来的体积之和，说明分子间有空隙 B．将香水瓶盖打开后能闻到香水的气味，这是扩散现象 C．在绕地球运行的“天宫二号”中飘浮的水滴几乎呈球形，这是表面张力作用使其表面具有收缩趋势而引起的结果 D．用气筒给自行车车胎打气时要用力才能压缩空气，这说明空气分子间存在斥力 3．下列说法中正确的是 A．用光导纤维束传送图像信息，这其中应用到了光的全反射现象 B．通过两支夹紧的笔杆间缝隙看发白光的灯丝能观察到彩色条纹，这是光的偏振现象C．用三棱镜观察太阳光谱是利用光的干涉现象 D．肥皂泡在阳光下出现彩色条纹，这是光的衍射现象 4．如图1所示为小明玩蹦床的情景，其中A位置表示床面未受压力时的平衡位置，B 位置是他从最高点直立下落的过程中将床面所压到的最低位置。若床 面始终在弹性限度内，空气阻力及床面的质量均可忽略不计，对于小 明从最高点下落到最低点的过程，下列说法中正确的是 A．床面从A位置下降到B位置的过程中，小明的动能不断变小 B．床面在B位置时，小明所受合外力为零 C．小明接触床面前处于失重状态，接触床面后处于超重状态 D．小明从最高点运动到将床面压至B位置的过程中，重力对他 的冲量与床面对他的冲量大小相等 5．为了演示“感应电流的磁场总要阻碍引起感应电流的磁通 量的变化”的现象，老师做了这样的演示实验：如图2所示，铝制 水平横梁两端各固定一个铝环，其中A环是闭合的，B环是断开的， 横梁可以绕中间的支点在水平面内转动。当装置静止不动时，用一 磁铁的N极去接近A环，发现A环绕支点沿顺时针（俯视）方向 转动。若不考虑空气流动对实验结果的影响，关于该实验，下列说法中正确的是A B A B 图2
2018届上海市奉贤区高三二模语文试题（解析版） 一、积累运用 1. 按要求填空。 （1）_____________，铁马秋风大散关。（陆游《书愤》） （2）成语“任重道远”出自《_________·泰伯》：“___________，任重而道远”。 （3）古人诗词中常借用虚拟之景表达情感，如秦观《踏莎行》中的“雾失楼台，月迷津渡”。柳永的《雨霖铃》中与之手法相似的诗句是“___________，___________”。 【答案】(1). 楼船夜雪瓜洲渡(2). 论语(3). 士不可以不弘毅(4). 杨柳岸(5). 晓风残月 【解析】试题分析：本题考查名句名篇默写能力，采用的是上下句填空式默写和情景式默写相结合的题型，解答时既要注意所给句子的出处及作者，还要注意题干中给出的上句或下句，仔细回忆自己背诵的相关内容，准确书写出答案。本题还要注意下列字的正确写法：楼、洲、渡、弘、毅、岸、晓、残。 2. 学习中遇到困难止步不前时，下列名言用以自勉不恰当的一项是 A. 锲而不舍，金石可镂。——荀子《劝学》 B. 不登高山,不知天之高也。——荀子《劝学》 C. 譬如为山，未成一篑，止，吾止也。——《论语·子罕》 D. 善学者假人之长，以补其短。——《吕氏春秋·孟夏纪》 【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：A项，“锲而不舍，金石可镂”强调的是做事情要坚持，可以用于学习遇到困难时的自勉；B项，“不登高山,不知天之高也”，喻指站得高才能看得远。可以用于学习遇到困难时的自勉。C项，“譬如为山，未成一篑，止，吾止也”，孔子在这里用堆土成山这一比喻，说明功亏一篑和持之以恒的深刻道理，他鼓励自己和学生们无论在学问和道德上，都应该是坚持不懈，自觉自愿。可以用于学习遇到困难时的自勉。D项，“善学者假人之长，以补其短”，意思是擅长学习的人,会吸收别人的长处来弥补自己的短处。强调的是学习要讲究方法。不适合用于学习遇到困难时的自勉，故答案应为D项。 3. 填入下面语段空白处的语句，最恰当的一项是 我们在以理性为武器批判一切之前，是否先应对理性本身进行批判？我们在用武器批判一切之前，是否先对武器本身进行批判？我们在使用工具之前是否应先研究工具？理性是什么？它的内容和界限是什么？这种，就是哲学思考的根本问题。 A. 对理性的思想，对理性的批判 B. 对理性的批判，对思想的批判
海淀区高三年级第二学期期末练习语文2019.5 一、本大题共7小题,共26分。 阅读下面的材料,完成1-7题。 材料一 路遥是我国当代文学史上一位极其重要的现实主义作家,他把目光投向变革中的现实生活,关注社会底层小人物的情感与命运。他用生命所建构的文学世界,呈现了积极向上的时代精神,也照亮了无数人前行的路。 路遥的长篇小说《平凡的世界》主要反映1975年到1985年城乡广阔的社会生活。他在《早晨从中午开始》中这样说:“这十年是中国社会的大转型时期,其间充满了密集的重大的历史事件。我的基本想法是,要用历史和艺术的眼光观察在这种社会大背景下人的生存与生活状态。作品中将要表露的对某些特定历史背景下政治事件的态度,看似是作者的态度,其实基本应该是那个历史条件下人物的态度,作者应该站在历史的高度上,真正体现巴尔扎克所说的‘书记官’的职能。 现实主义作品的创作方式,要求路遥一丝不苟、全方位地占有资料,熟悉所书写时代的特征与气质。路遥用6年左右的时间,潜心阅读了一百多部长篇小说,阅读了大量政治、经济、历史、宗教、文化以及农业、工业、科技、商业等方面的书籍,还翻阅过这十年间的各类报刊杂志,手指头翻烂了,就缠上胶布翻。他屡次重返陕北故乡,深入到工矿企业、学校、集镇等地,进行生活的“重新到位”,加深对农村、城镇变革的感性体验。应该说,路遥在动笔创作这部“宏大叙事”的作品前就做足了功课。但路遥所坚持的现实主义创作方法,在当时被文学评论界认为“过于陈旧”。 在新的文学潮流面前,路遥并没有选择迎合,而是坚定地固守传统。路遥所以执拗地坚持现实主义创作方法,按他的说法:“生活和题材决定了我应采用的表现手法,文学的‘先进’不是因为描写了‘先进’的生活,而是对特定历史进程中的人类活动作了准确而深刻的描绘。在中国这种一貫的文学环境中,独立的文学品格自然要经受重大考验。在这种情况下,你之所以还能够坚持,是因为你的写作干脆不面对文学界,不面对批评界,而直接面对读者。只要读者不遗弃你,就证明你能够存在。就这样,路遥以极大的艺术自信向着既定的目标前行,抱病完成了《平凡的世界》的创作。198年12月30日,路遥给时任《文学评论》常务副主编蔡葵的信中,再次明确地宣誓了自己现实主义的创作观:“当别人用西式餐具吃中国这盘莱的时候,我并不为自己仍然拿筷子吃饭而害臊 事实上,路遥用最在乎读者的创作方法为读者做出的“这盘菜”,果真赢得了大众的好评。《平凡的世界》于1991年3月荣获第三届茅盾文学奖,其时的路遥仍保持着高度清醒的头脑,他强调“全身心地投入到生活之中,在无数胼手胝足创造伟大历史、伟大现实、伟大未来的劳动人民身上领悟人生大境界、艺术大境界,应该是我们毕生的追求”。 路遥是地道的陕北农民的儿子,陕北文化大气、包容、担当、进取、利他的特点给予其特殊的熏陶与滋养。他懂得自己的艺术创作在本质上与父亲的劳动并无二致,并由此生发出许多至理名言:如“像牛一样劳动,像土地一样奉献”“有耕种才有收获;即使没有收获,也不为此而终生遗憾”……这些具有农民哲思的人生箴言,是路遥这位有着深刻农民情结与土地情结的作家人生体悟的真实流露,这也是他长期思考人生的出发点与落脚点。由此,他才有“作家的劳动,绝不仅是为了取悦于当代,更重要的是给历史一个深厚的交代”的响亮声音。 《平凡的世界》真实地记录了那个大转型时期,承担了“历史书记官”的功能;小说所传达出的精神价值,是对中华民族千百年来“自强不息、厚德载物”精神传统的继承,提供了鼓舞读者向上与向善的正能量。小说中的人物成为改革开放大潮下芸芸众生的缩影,人生充满挫折但自强不息,出身卑微但敢于追求爱情。《平凡的世界》重构了中国社会的精神食粮,温暖了无数人心。它尊重了大众并引导了大众、提升了大众,让无数读者在其间找到了精神寄寓。 (取材于梁向阳《路遥:“像牛一样劳动,像土地一样奉献”》) 1.下列词语在文中不能表现路遥“像牛一样劳动”的一项是(2分) A. 潜心 B.屡次 C.执拗 D.抱病 2.下列说法不属于路遥现实主义创作观的一项是(3分) A.关注社会底层小人物的情感与命运 B.用历史和艺术的眼光观察社会生活 C.反映创造人类历史的劳动者的大境界 D.跟随新的文学浪潮描写“先进”生活 3.《平凡的世界》中的人物是“改革开放大潮下芸芸众生的缩影”,具有典型意义。请根据材料一的内容,以孙少平或孙少安为例,分析其典型意义。(4分) 4.作家梁向阳曾说:“作品是作家生命的存在方式,也是作家最好的纪念碑。”请根据材料一,为路遥《平凡的世界》这一“纪念碑”式的作品拟写题词。不超过20字。(4分)
2017学年第二学期高三英语教学质量检测试卷 （满分140分，考试时间120分钟） I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. He is angry. B. He is exhausted. C. He is hungry. D. He is disappointed. 2. A. Go over his lessons. B. Attend the party. C. Eat out with friends. D. Take the final exam. 3. A. She is most likely to be arrested. B. She has forgotten to call the police. C. She may have lost her driving license. D. She is lying to the police officer. 4. A. Bill broke his promise. B. Mum will probably reward Bill. C. Bill failed in the test. D. Mum is worried about Bill’s work. 5. A. Make a recovery plan. B. Go back to work. C. Drop out of school. D. Quit her present job. 6. A. She gave him a lift home again. B. She offered him an extra room. C. She treated him well at her home. D. She spared much time for him. 7. A. She doesn’t have time to find a new flat. B. She has not paid enough rent in advance. C. She is unlikely to give up the nice flat. D. She wants to decorate the flat during the holiday. 8. A. Extreme sports. B. Travel insurance. C. Bungee jumping. D. Diving safety. 9. A. Sh e likes Phillips’ singing very much. B. She appreciates other kinds of musicals. C. She enjoys the changes of his musicals. D. She admires other singers more than Phillips. 10. A. American students are too talkative in class. B. It is hard to learn a lot in an American school. C. One can join in schooling in different ways. D. Active participation is greatly encouraged. Section B Directions:In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
2017-2018第二学期奉贤区调研测试三高英语
II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Time to End Loneliness US author Henry Rollins once wrote: "Loneliness adds beauty to lift. It puts a special burn on sunsets and makes night air smell better."Indeed, in the eyes of artists, loneliness never seems togo out of style. There are paintings that portray loneliness, songs that(21) . (inspire) byloneliness, and many works of literature that center around this theme. In the eyes of UK economist Rachel Reeves, however, loneliness is far from romantic. Insteadit's a "giant evil" that's become a serious problem in the country. On Jan 17, UK Prime Minister Theresa May appointed politician Tracey Crouch as thecountry's very first "Minister for Loneliness". Her job is (22)(deal) with the lonelinessthat the country's been feeling--a problem which, according to UK government research, is affecting more than 9 million people in the country, and (23)be more harmful to one'sphysical and mental health than smoking l5 cigarettes a day. Back in 2014, the UK was given the title of the "loneliness capital of Europe" by TheTelegraph. A survey carried out by the newspaper found that British people were (24)(likely) to get to know their neighbours or build strong relationships with people than those from other European countries. But this doesn't mean it is the problem (25)(affect) Britons only. In fact, we're all suffering from loneliness now more than ever, in spite of most of theworld now being linked tothe internet, (26)_____has enabled us to be more connected than ever. (27). we need, accordingto Kim Leadbetter, sister of the lateUK politician Jo Cox,is to have“proper human connections". "Our lives nowadays are so busy.We spend the vast majority of our time on our phones, onour laptops. (28)busy we are,we need to press pause on that andactually sit down and speak to human beings," Leadbettersaid at an event last year. But the first steps toward (29)(fight) this problem are to accept its existence and notbe ashamed or frightened by it. After all, .(30) loneliness, many beautiful paintings,songs, and literary works wouldn't even exist. Whether it is "evil" or not, being lonely is simplypart of the experience of being human. Section B Direction: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be usedonly Robots Writing Newspapers Whether it's robots working as hotel receptionists or artificial intelligence creating poetry, it'sbecoming more and more common to read about technology doing the jobs of humans. And now,it seems that software is even 31 of writing news stories-such as the very one you'rereading. BBC News 32 reported that the Press Association (PA), a UK news service, hascreated a computer program that's competent to create articles that are almost impossible to tellapart from those written by human journalists. Called "robo-journalism” by BBC News, such
唐山市2019-2020学年度高三年级第二次模拟考试 文科综合（地理）能力测试 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、选择题：本题共35小题，每小题4分，共140分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有 一项是符合题目要求的。 近年来，依托农村电商平台，陕西省部分地区的县（区）长走进直播间广泛开展电商直播带货活动，推动本地特色农产品走出去，以帮助农民增收致富。据此完成1～3题。1．陕西省县（区）长直播推销的特色农产品可能包括 A．小麦、玉米B．猕猴桃、苹果 C．芒果、菠萝D．火龙果、荔枝 2．县（区）长直播推销特色农产品更容易获得市场认可，主要依靠的是 A．直播者的个人魅力B．产品的品质优 C．基层政府的公信力D．销售价格低廉 3．县（区）长直播推销特色农产品有利于当地农民增收致富，原因在于 A．改进了农业生产技术B．打通了生产销售链条 C．调整了农业用地结构D．提高了农产品附加值 大数据测算显示，近年来上海中心城区与周边城镇之间的通勤人数显著增加。图1为2018年5月上海中心城区与周边通勤热点城镇之间的通勤规模示意。据此完成4～6题。 图1
图 2 4．图中通勤量大的热点城镇多数 A ．位于上海市辖区 B ．沿长江岸边分布 C ．为省级行政中心 D ．空间上趋于集聚 5．上海中心城区与周边城镇之间的通勤人数近年来显著增加，主要得益于 A ．周边城镇的产业升级 B ．中心城区居住成本上升 C ．快速交通的大力发展 D ．中心城区就业岗位增多 6．城桥镇与上海中心城区之间的通勤目前主要依靠崇明越江通道，该通道南段采用江底隧道方案的主要目的是 A ．利于水上交通 B ．保护水生生物 C ．降低修建成本 D ．提高通行效率 澳大利亚是一个干燥的大陆，丛林大火时有发生。图2为2020年某时刻澳大利亚部分丛林大火分布及周边地区的海平面气压分布图。据此完成7～8题。 7．珀斯附近地区发生天然林火的时间，多出现在 A ．1、2月 B ．4、5月 C ．7、8月 D ．10、11月 8．图示时刻的天气形势，最有利于抑制当地丛林大火蔓延的是 A ．塔斯马尼亚岛 B ．珀斯附近地区 C ．墨尔本附近地区 D ．黑德兰港周边地区 图3为珠穆朗玛峰北坡某谷地上游（海拔约5000米）微观地貌示意。该侧谷地由冰川堆积作用形成的冰碛陇坡面上分布着成群的冰碛土柱。这些冰碛土柱的形成发育存在多种外力的综合作用，其相对高度在生命周期中经历先增大后降低直至消失的过程。据此完成9～11题。 图3
海淀区2018届高三第二学期期末考试（二模） 理综试题 1.国槐、月季是北京的市树和市花。在国槐和月季细胞的生命活动中，不会发生的是 A.分生区细胞分裂时形成纺锤体 B.水分透过原生质层进入液泡 C.花瓣细胞的细胞质基质中分解葡萄糖 D.叶肉细胞叶绿体外膜上合成ATP 2.许多基因的启动子内富含CG重复序列，若其中的部分胞嘧啶（C)被甲基化成为5-甲基胞嘧啶，就会抑制基因的转录。下列与之相关的叙述中，正确的是 A.在一条单链上相邻的C和G之间通过氢键连接 B.胞嘧啶甲基化导致表达的蛋白质结构改变 C.胞嘧啶甲基化会阻碍RNA聚合酶与启动子结合 D.基因的表达水平与基因的甲基化程度无关 3.科学家分离出两个蛙心进行心脏灌流实验，蛙心2的神经被剥离，蛙心1的神经未被剥离，实验处理及结果如下图所示。下列叙述不正确的是 A.实验中所用任氏液的理化性质应接近蛙的内环境 B.电刺激蛙心1的神经之前，两个蛙心的收缩频率基本一致 C.蛙心1的电信号可以直接传递给蛙心2改变其节律 D.受到电刺激的蛙心1神经产生了抑制蛙心2收缩的化学物质 4.利用卷心菜发酵制作泡菜过程中，乳酸菌酵母菌细胞数量和pH的变化如图所示。下列叙述不正确的是 A.酵母菌和乳酸菌均有核膜包被的细胞核 B.发酵初期乳酸菌建立了明显的菌种优势 C.前6天pH下降主要由乳酸菌代谢引起 D.发酵中期酵母菌通过无氧呼吸进行增殖
图2 5.下列实验中，不能达成实验目的的是 A.用H 202酶探究pH 对酶活性影响 B.用TaqDNA 聚合酶构建表达载体 C.用胰蛋白酶制备动物细胞悬液 D.用纤维素酶和果胶酶制备植物原生质体 6. 下列典籍记载的文字中，涉及置换反应的是 A.以曾青（主要成分为硫酸铜）涂铁，铁赤色如铜（出自《抱朴子》） B.凡石灰（主要成分为碳酸钙），经火焚炼为用（出自《天工开物》） C.以毛袋漉去曲滓（酒糟），又以绢滤曲汁于瓮中（出自《齐民要术》） D.铅山县有苦泉（含硫酸铜），挹其水熬之，则成胆矾（出自《梦溪笔谈》） 7. Lv （中文名“”，lì）是元素周期表第116号元素，Lv 的原子核外最外层电子数是6。下列说法中，不． 正确．． 的是 A ．Lv 的原子半径比S 的原子半径大 B ．293 116 Lv 的原子核内有293个中子 C ．Lv 位于元素周期表第七周期第ⅥA 族 D ．290116Lv 、291 116Lv 、292116Lv 互为同位素 8. 下列解释工业生产或应用的化学用语中，不正确．．．的是 A ．氯碱工业中制备氯气：2NaCl(熔融) 2Na + Cl 2↑ B ．工业制硫酸的主要反应之一：2SO 2 + O 2 2SO 3 C ．氨氧化法制硝酸的主要反应之一：4NH 3 + 5O 2 4NO + 6H 2O D ．利用铝热反应焊接铁轨：2Al + Fe 2O 3 Al 2O 3 + 2Fe 9. 三氟化氮（NF 3）常用于微电子工业，可用以下反应制备： 4NH 3 + 3F 2 NF 3 + 3NH 4F 下列说法中，正确的是 A ．NF 3的电子式为 B ．NH 4F 分子中仅含离子键 C ．在制备NF 3的反应中，NH 3表现出还原性 D ．在制备NF 3的反应中，各物质均为共价化合物 10.一种以石墨和过渡金属氧化物做电极材料、以固态有机高聚物做电解质溶剂的锂离子电池，其工作原理如图1所示，图2是合成有机高聚物的单体的结构简式。下列说法中，正确的是 图1 A. 放电时，外电路电子由金属氧化物电极流向石墨电极 B. 充电时，石墨电极作阳极，过度金属氧化物作阴极 C. 图2所示的两种单体可通过缩聚反应生成有机高聚物溶剂 D. 有机高聚物溶剂分子中含醚键和酯基 电解 催化剂 △ 高温 催化剂 △