Unit 7
ADVANCE PREPARATION
7.1 Knowledge Acquisition & Advance Preparation
Knowledge base of the interpreter
Interpreting
口译
Task Urgent
任务急用
Short-term knowledge acquisition
Direct preparation
直接准备
Long-term knowledge acquisition Stored Base Indirect preparation Stand-by 基础间接准备备用
7.2 Direct Advance Preparation (Task-oriented)
7.2.1 Information about the participants
⑴Get the information about the speakers
name cards / correspondence
ways of speaking
⑵Know something about the audience / listeners
education / specialty / capacity
⑶Attend the briefing session
general situation; purpose; scope; background
7.2.2 General knowledge about the task subject
⑴Read documents concerning the task subject
correspondence; speech text; presentation; laws; policies; guild regulations;
⑵Read materials in English and Chinese on the subject
(thematic knowledge build-up)
E.g.load：[n.] civil engineering
mechanical engineering
electric engineering
E.g. bearing：[n.] mechanical engineering
civil engineering
concept; popularized reading; textbook; encyclopedia; websites →【Samples: Advance Preparation（环保）】
7.2.3 Terminology & Special expressions
Technical / Specified terms & expressions，proper N. abbr.
E.g.
Subject matter: Environmental Protection:
[Thematic knowledge build-up]
⑴ Technical terms ——SL vs. TL
E.g.
acid rain 酸雨
desertification 沙漠化
alkalization 盐碱化
suspended particles 悬浮颗粒物
sulphur dioxide emission 二氧化硫排放
greenhouse effect 温室效应
El-Nino effect 厄尔尼诺效应
carbon footprint 碳足迹
carbon dioxide 二氧化碳（CO2）
PM 颗粒物particulate matter
PM2.5 大气中直径≤2.5微米的颗粒物
SPM 悬浮颗粒物suspended particulate matter
fine particle 细小颗粒
⑵Useful / typical expression —— SL vs. TL
E.g.
提高全民环保意识
to raise environmental awareness among the general public
对新项目实行环境影响评估
to conduct environmental impact assessments on start-up project
预防为主，防治结合的政策
the policy of preventing in the first place and integrating prevention with control
节能减排
energy conservation, emissions reduction
单位国内生产总值能耗
Energy consumption per unit of GDP
防灾减灾
disaster prevention and mitigation,
大力发展循环经济和清洁能源。
We will energetically develop a circular economy and clean energy.
积极发展核电、水电、风电、太阳能发电等清洁能源。
We will vigorously develop clean energy such as nuclear, hydraulic, wind, and solar power.
退耕还林还草
returning farmland to forests and restoring livestock pastures to grasslands
⑶Proper names (abbreviations) —— SL vs. TL
E.g.
中华人民共和国环境保护部Ministry of Environmental Protection of PRC
国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources
United Nations Environment Programmes (UNEP) 联合国环境规划署
《中国应对气候变化的政策与行动》白皮书
the white paper ：China's Policies and Actions for Addressing Climate Change.
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change 联合国气候变化框架条约
The Kyoto Protocol 京都议定书
Bali Road Map 巴里路线图
EIA Environmental impact assessments环境影响评估
E.g.
【2012全国十一届人大五次会议《政府工作报告》—节能环保】
推进节能减排和生态环境保护。//
We will conserve energy, reduce emissions, and protect the ecological environment. //
节能减排的关键是节约能源，提高能效，减少污染。//
The key to conserving energy and reducing emissions is to save energy, improve energy efficiency, and reduce pollution. //
要抓紧制定出台合理控制能源消费总量工作方案，加快理顺能源价格体系。//
We will promptly formulate and promulgate a work plan for appropriately controlling total energy consumption, and move quickly to base the energy pricing system on the market. //
综合运用经济、法律和必要的行政手段，突出抓好工业、交通、建筑、公共机构、居民生活等重点领域和千家重点耗能企业节能减排，进一步淘汰落后产能。//
We will use economic, legal, and the necessary administrative means to conserve energy and reduce emissions in key areas such as manufacturing, transportation, construction, public institutions, and people's homes, and in 1,000 key energy-intensive enterprises; and close down more outdated production facilities. //
加强用能管理，发展智能电网和分布式能源，实施节能发电调度、合同能源管理、政府节能采购等行之有效的管理方式。//
We will tighten supervision of energy use, develop smart power grids and ensure the proper distribution of energy supplies, and implement effective administrative practices such as efficient electricity generation and distribution, energy performance contracting, and government procurement of energy-efficient goods and services. //
优化能源结构，推动传统能源清洁高效利用，安全高效发展核电，积极发展水电，加快页岩气勘查、开发攻关，提高新能源和可再生能源比重。//
We will optimize the energy structure, promote clean and efficient use of traditional energy, safely and effectively develop nuclear power, actively develop hydroelectric power, tackle key problems more quickly in the exploration and development of shale gas, and increase the share of new energy and renewable energy in total energy consumption. //
加强能源通道建设。// 深入贯彻节约资源和保护环境基本国策。//
We will step up the construction of energy transportation routes. // We will thoroughly implement the basic state policy of conserving resources and protecting the environment. //
开展节能认证和能效标识监督检查，鼓励节能、节水、节地、节材和资源综合利用，大力发展循环经济。//
We will carry out certification of energy-efficient products and oversight and inspection of energy efficiency labeling; encourage economical use of energy, water, land, and materials as well as comprehensive use of resources; and vigorously develop a circular economy. //
加强环境保护，着力解决重金属、饮用水源、大气、土壤、海洋污染等关系民生的突出环境问题。努力减少农业面源污染。严格监管危险化学品。//
We will strengthen environmental protection; strive to solve major environmental problems that directly affect people's lives, such as heavy metals, drinking water sources, air, soil, and marine pollution; reduce pollution from non-point agricultural sources; and put hazardous chemicals under strict oversight and supervision. //
今年在京津冀、长三角、珠三角等重点区域以及直辖市和省会城市开展细颗粒物(PM2.5)等项目监测，2015年覆盖所有地级以上城市。//
We will start monitoring fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River delta, the Pearl River delta and other key areas as well as in municipalities directly under the central government and provincial capital cities, and extend the practice to all cities at and above the prefectural level by 2015. //
推进生态建设，建立健全生态补偿机制，促进生态保护和修复，巩固天然林保护、退耕还林还草、退牧还草成果，//
We will improve the ecology, strengthen ecological protection and restoration, and consolidate achievements in protecting virgin forests, turning vulnerable farmland into forests and grasslands, and stopping grazing to let grasslands recover. //
加强草原生态建设，大力开展植树造林，推进荒漠化、石漠化、坡耕地治理，严格保护江河源、湿地、湖泊等重要生态功能区。//
We will strengthen grassland ecological conservation; vigorously carry out afforestation; make progress in dealing with desertification and stony deserts and in improving terraced farmland; and strictly protect river sources, wetlands, lakes, and other priority functional ecological zones. //
加强适应气候变化特别是应对极端气候事件能力建设，提高防灾减灾能力。//
We will strengthen capacity building to adapt to climate change, and especially to respond to extreme climate events, and improve our ability to prevent and mitigate natural disasters. //
坚持共同但有区别的责任原则和公平原则，建设性推动应对气候变化国际谈判进程。// We will uphold the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and the principle of fairness, and play a constructive role in promoting international talks on climate change. //
我们要用行动昭告世界，中国绝不靠牺牲生态环境和人民健康来换取经济增长，我们一定能走出一条生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展道路。
We will show the world with our actions that China will never seek economic growth at the expense of its ecological environment and public health. We are definitely capable of taking a path of civilized development which ensures that production increases, people's living standards rise, and we live in a good ecological environment.
7.2.4 Other (mental/physical) Preparation
⑴ Make clear and definite your target speakers
⑵ Get notebooks and pencils ready
⑶ Be familiar with the site and the equipment
⑷ Dress properly
⑸ Sleep well the night before and be energetic
Notice:
Last minute preparation
In-conference preparation
【张建敏】
要认真充分地进行准备，如果是接待某国外长来访，至少要事先了解该国基本情况、双边关系现状、来访主要目的、外长简历、我方立场等，有可能的话不妨查阅对方近期重要演讲和表态，以便了解其观点和语言风格，如果提前能有音像资料，则再好不过了，另外名字的读音和称呼有否特别之处，也需要留意。
关于紧张，我想每个人都会紧张。我自己的办法是：深呼吸，大嗓门，慢点说。另外，认真做好各方面准备，包括检查圆珠笔是否出油等。准备越是充分，心里就越踏实，状态就会比较稳定。
越翻我越觉得自己孤陋寡闻，才疏学浅。比如说，有一次会见时提到舒曼的《梦幻曲》，我译不出来，幸好当时有人解围。所以，我深感翻译必须扩大知识面，不断积累。另外，自己遇到困难后及时通知各位同事，这样，下次他们就能轻松一些。
有时也会碰到技术性特强的生词，我一般会主动求援，用英文重复发音，表明自己不懂，最理想的结果是：1、在座的有人听懂，帮忙翻译；2、发言者再做一番解释，也许就能基本明白。总之，认认真真准备，老老实实翻译，尽可能地使Mission Impossible 变得possible。
要注重拓宽自己的知识面，培养广泛的兴趣。养成关心时事的良好习惯也很重要。
做一名外事翻译应具备的素质，我认为主要包括以下几方面内容：1、良好的政治素质；
2、扎实的中外文语言功底；
3、广博的知识，争取做一个“通才”，对各种知识均应有所了解；
4、稳定的心理素质；
5、团队精神。
【费胜潮】
做好外事翻译的确需要极广的知识面，但又不可能通晓每一个行当，因而被戏称为“Jack of all trades, master of none”。不会翻不要紧，翻错了可不行。所以拿不准的时候一定要问，问周围懂行的人，或请发言者重复或解释，一定不要怕丢面子。
日常需多注意积累一些英语俗语；如暂无对应说法则需查工具书，找到尽可能多不同的译法，从中选择，加以润色；如查不到或口译来不及查，则可视情现场直译或意译，事后再推敲较好的译法。
【雷宁】
当场请教。我曾遇到过激光的发明者Charles H.Townes，中方领导人对激光很感兴趣，说“现在都有飞秒激光了”。我从来没有听说过飞秒，亏得是杨振宁博士在坐，我求助地望着他，发现他其实也在看我，怕我不会翻。他告诉我是“F-Second LASER”，我学了一个音，解了围。
一个好的翻译，一半在工夫，一半在准备。虽然说真金不怕火炼，应该是不管什么场合都能应付。但在实践中，最好不打无准备之仗。我们的准备分两部分：一种是针对每一场具体活动的，我们会专门了解这件事的前前后后；另一种是日常学习，包括看电视新闻、读英文杂志和报纸，广泛了解，做到有备无患。
业务上时刻不能松懈，要不断提高语言，扩展知识，留心新事物。我自己在日常生活中听别人说话时，那些我不会翻的词会从一句话里跳出来，留在我的记忆里，一有字典就赶紧查。
【邵廷娟】
学习和工作其实是相辅相成的。平时认真的学习和钻研都是一点一滴的积累，是为了更好的胜任工作。翻译其实是“厚积薄发”，可以用“台上一分钟，台下十年功”来比喻。如果不靠平时的积累打下牢固的基础，就无法在工作时有“脱口而出”的流利。而每一项翻译任务也是一次学习、提高的机会，关键是每次完成任务之后都要总结得失，吸取经验教训，才能不断地完善自己。平时工作比较忙，即使没有工作任务时，也不能松懈，要随时保持“应战”的状态。对于翻译来说，提高语言水平、拓宽知识面是没有尽头的，应该成为日常生活的一部分。
外事翻译在日常的工作学习实践中就要注意政治学习、了解政策，提高政策水平；多听、多读、多写，提高外语水平；同时要扩大知识面，掌握必要的地理、历史和自然科学的常识，掌握一些经贸、科技方面的词汇。还要不断更新自己的知识，与时俱进。
有很多从事口译的前辈，以自身的经历向我们证明，不一定非要出国才能成为出色的翻译。尤其现在国内学习提高的手段也很多，如外文的报纸、广播和INTERNET，都可以给我们提供很多学习的素材。当然，如果能够出国进修最好。因为可以置身于活生生的外语环境，培养语感，语言水平的提高更容易。而且语言是活的，是不断发展的，在国外学习，可以跟得上语言发展的形势，对于翻译来说，可以提高译文的质量。
(摘编自“口译网”https://www.doczj.com/doc/8b9828381.html,)
高中英语汉译英 1稍等一会儿，我会帮助你的。 请尽早做出决定,不然你会坐失良机.(or) 2他们作了自我介绍。(introduce) 3请去查询下班火车什么时候开。(find out) 4昨天下午2时到4时你在做什么？(过去进行时) 5我正在吃晚饭，电话铃响了。 6不仅我，而且汤姆和玛丽都喜欢游泳。(be fond of) 7他今天感到身体好多了。(a lot) 8礼堂里早已挤满了高中学生。(be full of) 9我在街上走时，看到了一些古老的建筑物。(while) 10我走近花园时，几个男孩子在爬树。(用过去进行时) 11请脱下你的旧上衣，穿上这件新的。(take off, put on) 12这件事是什么时候发生的？（happen） 13他去办公室查询课程表.(ask abut) 14当我们到达车站时，火车已开出了。(过去完成时) 15他服药后，开始感到好些了.(过去完成时) 16 我观看体育节目你有意见吗? (mind) :介意做某事 17我还没有读完那本有关伦敦的书.(finish) finish doing:完成做某事 18 他没有跟我说一声就离开了山村。(without) 19我告诉她我已把餐具洗好了。(过去完成时) wash up 20汤姆上楼去他的卧室时，他的姐姐已把他的上衣改短了一英寸。(过去完成时) 21我和汤姆都盼望早日见到您。(look forward to). 22全世界的人都在电视上观看奥运会.(all over the world) 23我听说这场比赛将延期。(put off). 24这里要讲英语.(被动) 25这座体育馆将于明年建成.(被动语态) 26过马路时要小心.(be careful) 27这次车祸是什么引起的?(cause) 28她总是乐于助人.(be ready to). 29这个女孩由于不遵守交通规则，在车祸中受了伤。(被动). 30到时候会通知你的.（被动语态） 31我根本不喜欢这个铜的框架。(not…at all) not…at all:一点都不 32他把玫瑰栽在花园中间.(in the middle) 33他不知道她为什么在练习中有这么多的错误.(wonder) 34他告诉我一切都会好的。(过去将来时). 35谁也不知道我们什么时候举行下次会议. 36在新学校里有这么多的东西要学。 37当老师进来的时候，我们正在愉快地交谈。 38我们一读完初中就进入高中。 39我的老师比我想象的要年轻得多。 40晚饭后，我总是在厨房里洗碗碟. 41我们将在明天下午举行班会.(用被动语态) 42 老师看见他的学生们在教室里做功课。(…doing…) 43她说鲁宾逊先生将不得不为那张画付高价. 44我的母亲说我们将在北京逗留两个星期。(过去将来时)
黄山学院初等教育学院2008－2009学年度第二学期06级英语班《英语翻译》期末考试卷 班级序号姓名成绩 一、选择题。（请将答案写在序号前面）20% 1. Success in many fields depends on getting the latest information. A. 许多领域的成功都取决于能否得到最新消息。 B. 田里的收成在很多方面依靠获得最新的消息。 C. 从很多方面讲，成功主要依靠在最后的时刻还能得到信息。 D. 在众多领域里，成功是获得最晚信息的保障。 2. At least three persons died in the fire and 23 others were injured. A. 至少3人因这次火灾和另外23次火灾造成死亡。 B. 起码有3个人在大火中丧命，23个以外的人受伤。 C. 火灾造成至少3人死亡，23人受伤。 D. 至少有3人死于火海，23人被火海包围。 3. Not only has he a first-class brain, but he is also a tremendously hard worker. A. 在一班，他不仅是头领，而且，也是一个非常严肃的工作者。 B. 他有一流的头脑，是个非常难对付的家伙。 C. 他不仅头脑好用，而且，还喜欢做极端困难的工作。 D. 他不仅头脑非常聪明，而且，工作上也非常勤奋。 4. It is reported that some areas of Australia have had no rain for more than four years. A. 有报道说，澳大利亚地区已经4年多没下雨了。 B. 据报道，澳大利亚的部分地区有4年多没下雨了。 C. 澳大利亚的个别地方被报道说没下雨的时间已经超过了4年。 D. 报纸报道，某些澳大利亚地区已经有4年多没下雨的时间。 5. The village was named after the high mountain standing in front of it. A. 这个村庄是以矗立在它面前的那座高山命名的。 B. 这个村庄的名字是来自于它面前的那座高山。 C. 这个村庄的名字是在前面的那座高山之后起的。 D. 这个村庄的名字是以站立在它面前的那座高山起的。 6. It was officially announced that the birth rate dropped greatly in the past three years. A. 据官方宣布，出生率在过去的三年中有了大幅下降。 B. 正式宣布，过去三年的出生率大幅下降。 C. 正式宣布，出生率大幅下降在过去三年。 D. 据正式声明，过去三年的出生率大幅下降。 7. The introduction of the new technique reduced the cost of the product three times. A. 对新技术的介绍，使产品的成本减少到三分之一。 B. 新技术的引进使产品的成本减少了三倍。 C. 对新技术的介绍使产品的成本减少到原来的三分之二。 D. 新技术的引进使产品成本减少了三分之二。 8. If you are buying a car, you may pay for it out of savings. A. 假使你正在买一辆汽车，你也许会透支购买。 B. 如果你要买一辆汽车，你可以用自己的储蓄存款支付。 C. 假定你打算买一辆汽车，你得花掉你得全部存款。 D. 加入你买一辆汽车，你需要用你的积蓄交此款。 9. Full-service banks can offer services unavailable at smaller financial institutions. A. 全面服务的银行能提供在小财政机构所不能获得的服务。 B. 提供全方位服务的银行能提供较小的金融机构所不能提供的服务。 C. 充满了服务的银行可能提供给较小的财政机构某些无法获得的服务 D. 全面服务的银行可能提供服务，这种服务是较小的金融机构所不能提供的。 10. The following qualifications are required from the candidates for the above position. A. 我们要求应聘高职位的求职者需具备以下资历。 B. 应聘以上职位，需具备下列资格。 C. 候选人为了高职位要求自己具备以下资历。 D. 以下资历是对应聘此职位的候选人的要求。 二、用正反表达法翻译下列句子。20% 1. The teacher found some of the pupils absent. 2. I wonder if he is coming. 3. Your request is beyond my power. 4. You will fail unless you work harder. 5. That lazy boy went to class before he had prepared his lesson. 6. Be sure to lock the door when you leave. 7. Students, with no exception, are to hand in their papers this afternoon. 8. The doubt still unsolved after his repeated explanation. 9. Such flight couldn’t long escape notice. 10. All the articles are untouchable in the museum. 三、用重复法翻译下列句子。20% 1. We should learn how to analyze and solve problems. 2. It's our duty to rebuild and defend our home-land. 3. People forget your face first, then your name. 4. Each had his own business to handle. 5. Big families had their own difficulties.
历年英语翻译初级口译考试真题及答案 上午卷： 英译中： (1) New Zealand is a South Pacific country located midway between the Equator and the South Pole, with a land of 268,105 square kilometers and a population of over three million. （第63页－黄） 新西兰是一个南太平洋国家，位于赤道和南极洲之间，国土面积为268105平方公里，人口为300多万。 简析：纵观口译考题，出题者十分聪明地将有关课文的每篇的首句作为考题来出，真是用心良苦。试想每篇文章的首句或每段文章的第一句话不是有提纲挈领的作用吗？理解了首句往往就能了解文章的大概。这和阅读理解的要求有着很大的相通性。所以加强平日对英语句子的敏感性十分有必要。 2) When the washing cycle is over, the machine fries the plates and glasses with its own heart, and indeed they can be left inside until they are needed for the next meal. (P.367) 洗涤过程完成后，洗碗机用自身的热量将盘子和杯子烘干。杯盘还可以留在机内待下一餐使用时再取出。 中译英： (1）为了过好学校里的公寓生活，学生应该学会自己洗衣服，整理房间，甚至于买菜做饭。（第355页） To manage apartment living in school successfully, the students must learn to do their own washing and cleaning, and even buy and cool their own food. (2）据估计，全球毒品的贸易额以达到每年4000亿美元之巨。吸毒者约占全世界人口的3％。(p36蓝)
1.当时，那位出租车司机别无选择，只能求助于游客。（choice） At that time the taxi driver had no choice but to turn to the tourist/traveller (for help). 2.我没有想到汤姆会被选为学生会主席。（occur） If never occurred / didn’t occur to me that Tom would/should be elected/made chairman of the Student’s Union. 3.如果方便的话，请帮我从邮局取回包裹。（convenient） If (it is) convenient, please fetch me the parcel from the post office/please go to the post office and fetch me the parcel. 4.应该鼓励学生将课堂上所学的知识运用到实践中去。（apply） Students should be encouraged/We should encourage students to apply what they have learned in class to practice . 5.如果队员之间不加强配合，我校篮球队就不可能在决赛中战胜对手。（unless） Our school basketball team will not beat the opponents in the final match/final(s) unless the team members strengthen their cooperation / cooperate well with each other. 1．请尽早做出决定，不然你会坐失良机。（or） Please make up your mind/make your decision as early as possible /you can , or you’ll miss the good/golden chance/opportunity . 2．那些未曾去过那个小村庄的人很难描绘出它的美丽。（It…） It’s very hard for those who haven’t been to the small village to describe its beauty . 3．勤洗手是避免疾病传染的有效方法之一。（infect） Washing hands often/frequently /regularly is one of the effective ways to avoid being infected by disease (s). 4．这条铁路横贯平原，把那个偏远山城与海港连接了起来。（remote） The railway crosses/goes across/runs across the plain and connects /, connection the remote mountain (ous ) city with the sea port . 5．这部有关第一次世界大战的历史小说引人入胜，我简直爱不释手。（so…that） The historical novel about/describing World War I / the First World War is so attractive that I can’t bear (to do …)/stand parting with it / putting it down (back , aside )/ leaving it aside . 1．我们盼望能参加下星期举行的艺术节开幕式(look forward to) We are looking forward to taking part in the opening ceremony of the art to be held next week. 2．多参加些体育锻炼，你就不那么容易感冒了。(If…) If you take more PE exercises, you will not catch a cold so easily. 3．因为缺少实践，他没有通过驾驶考试。(The reason why) The reason why he didn't pass the driving test was lack of practice/ that he lacked practice. 4．直到被送入手术间时，他才明白遵守交通规则的重要性。(not…until…) He didn't know the importance of obeying the traffic rules until he was sent into the room of operation. 5．虽然她孤身一人，无亲无故，但邻居们都向她伸出了援助之手。(offer) Though she is single and has no friends or relatives, all the neighbors offer her help/ a helping hand /to help her. 1. 小组讨论有助于更好地理解课文。 (help)
第 2讲 要求对中文词组或句子进行翻译。要求应试者有相关词汇的积累，表达能力的体现及习惯用语的熟练程度。单词拼写要求准确，句子要求通顺无误。 共10题，15分。 1．具体询盘 2．百分之二的佣金 3．商品目录 4．出口单证 5．目的港 6．原产地证书 7．包装要求 8．供我方参考 9．即期信用证 10．品质超群 11.工艺精湛 12.在中国议付有效 13.警告性标志 14.装箱单 15.业务（贸易）伙伴 16.国有公司 17.商品检验 18.预约保险单 19.剪样 20.中国产地证 1.现金折扣 2.短装 国际商务英语等级考试（初级） 汉译英 小测 备考单词句子
3.单价 4.续订单 5.即期装运 6.中国保险条款 7.商会 8.零售网点 9.实盘 10.一式三份 11.保险代理人 12.销售包装 13．发货人 14．保险凭证 15．贴身包装 16．出口订货 17．承兑 18．欧洲主要港口 19. 行名录 20. 带插图的商品目录21．收货人 22．平安险 23．账户 24．预约保险 25．指示提单 26.（资信）证明人27.做工；工艺 28.可供数量 29.轻工业产品 30.单证 31.小保单 32.首次询盘 33.数量折扣 34.交货条件 35.保险费 36.拼箱货 37.海运 38.行业杂志 39.保兑的、不可撤销的信用证 40.现金折扣 41.佣金 42.发票金额 43.运输标志 44.分批装运 45.装运单据 46.已装船通知 47.租船 48.商业信用 49.资信证明人 50.战争险 1.我方相信这些预防措施可防止货物再次出现损坏。 We believe that these precautions will be able to prevent a recurrence of damage. 2.我方已通知银行将该笔款项记入你公司账户的贷方。 We have instructed the bank to credit the amount into your account. 3.整套清洁已装船提单。 a full set of clean shipped /shipped on board bills of lading 4.该商品的报价为每打上海港船上交货价18美元。 This article is quoted at US$18.00 per dozen, FOB Shanghai. 5.兹授权你方按发票金额向该银行开立45天远期汇票。 You are authorized to draw on the bank at 45 days for the amount of the invoice value.
Unit1 A new study shows that dogs can detect if someone has cancer just by sniffing the person’s breath. Ordinary household dogs with only a few weeks of basic training learn to accurately distinguish between breath samples of lung- and breast-cancer patients and healthy subjects.One expert, who led the research, said, “Our study provides compelling evidence that cancers hidden beneath the skin can be detected simply by (dogs’) examining the odors of a person’s breath.” Early detection of cancers greatly improves a patient’s survival chances, and researchers hope that man’s best friend, the dog, can become an important tool in early screening. Unit 2 A research team recently replicated a bacterium’s genetic structure entirely from l aboratory chemicals, moving one step closer to creating the world’s first artificial organism. The researchers said, “It’s the second step of a three-step process to create a synthetic organism. But the final step could prove far more difficult.” Nonetheless, the research is pushing forward at a rapid pace. Last June, the team revealed details of an experiment in which researchers inserted the DNA of one species of bacterium into the cells of another. That process almost magically booted up the inserted genome. The research team hopes to use a similar trick to boot up the artificially created genome, so as to create a man-made living organism. Unit 3 In recent years, the psychologists from many countries banded together to do a research which indicated that continued income growth could make people apply themselves to an ongoing consumption race rather than promote overall happiness. Everyone has to spend more and more money in order to maintain a constant level of happiness. This is because our vanity and jealousy are functioning . The way to sort out them out is to cultivate the noble sentiment of being considerate and serving the society. People shouldn’t pin all their hopes on money. Instead , friends, family and work are also playing a very improtant role . Therefore, hapiness is not an inborn trait, but a talent which everyone can learn. Unit 4 I used to feel excited at teaching my students the elegant economic theories that could supposedly cure societal problems of all types. But what is the good of all my complex theories when people were dying of starvation on the sidewalks and porches across from my lecture hall? My lessons were like the American movies where the good guys always win. But when I emerged from the comfort of the classroom, I was faced with the reality of the city streets. Here good guys were mercilessly beaten and trampled. Daily life ws getting worse, and the poor were growing even poorer. Unit 5 No one thought that shy little Einstein would grow up to a prominent scientist. He was slow in learning to speak, and he often paused to consider what he would say during a conversation.In school, Albert Einstein was singled out by his teachers as a troublesome child because he liked to ask difficult strange questions. He did not like to memorize facts and rules, but was interested in what lay below the surface of things. When he was four or five years old, for instance, his father gave him a compass. Little Einstein was curious about the mysterious force that could keep a compass needle always pointing north, which prompted him to read widely in science. His real studies were mostly done at home by reading books on mathematics, physics, and philosophy. Unit 6 Most Americans have great vigor and enthusiasm. They prefer to discipline themselves rather than be disciplined by others. They pride themselves on their independence, their right to make their own minds. They tend to take the initiatives, even when there is a risk in doing so. They have courage and do not give in easily. They are considered sentimental. When they see a flag on ceremonial occasions, or attend parades celebrating Ame rica’s glorious past, tears may come to their eyes. They tend to be emotional at the reunions with family and friends, too. Sometimes, they can laugh at themselves and their country, while they will always remain intensely patriotic.
高级口译翻译补充练习2答案
1．其实，全球后工业化过程中，看看上海浦东、吉隆坡双子塔和美国世贸废墟等为“第一高楼”争得打破头，看看一幢楼里一模一样的房子高一层即贵一万元，便可明白人类这种登高望远的野心。即使“上九天揽月”也不再是嫦娥或库布里克的奥德赛之梦了，从加加林的首航和阿姆斯特朗的“一小步”，到美国富翁狄托那次昂贵却货真价实的太空旅游，人类才花了二十几年。据说两年内将启动的Sub-Orbital Flights子轨道飞行，每人只需5万美金就可以预定座位了。如果张雨生还活着的话，想去月球他就去吧。《不远行者没有未来》 译文：In fact, it is quite easy to understand the wish of human being “to be the highest” when we see the fierce competition for the “highest one” among the high buildings in Pudong, the Twin Tower in Kuala Lumpur, and the ruins of the World Trade Center, or when we are shocked by the sharp increase in price for the same houses at different stories in a building. To travel in the outer space is not longer
something absolutely impossible--- it only after 20 years later since Gagarin’s first navigation in the outer space and Armstrong’s “little step” there that Ditto, an American rich man, took his expensive but real travel in space. It is said the Sub-Orbital Flights Subtrack Flight to be launched within 2 years will only charge 50 thousand dollars for the reservation from each passenger. If Zhang Yusheng, a famous singer in China, was still alive, he could realize his dream of visiting the moon. 2．有观点就必然有差异，即使是不同的声音在媒体中也都拥有了发表的空间（凤凰卫视的《时事辩论会》节目中，拥战派和反战派的嘉宾就吵得不亦乐乎）。这充分证明适当地拓广舆论空间，并不会打破一个社会的秩序和稳定。相反恰恰是在不同观点的冲撞中，使得公众得以从不同的角度接受信息、思考问题，而一种平衡的舆论机制正在潜移默化中自发形成。《海湾大战中的传媒较量--薇露的血为谁而流》
SALES CONTRACT No: Date: For Account of: Indent No: This contract is made by and between the Sellers and the Buyers; Whereby the Sellers agree to sell and the Buyers agree to buy the undermentioned goods according to the terms and conditions stipulated below and overleaf: （1）Names of commodity（ies）and specification（s） （2）Quantity （3）Unit price （4）Amount TOTAL: __ % more or less allowed （5）Packing: （6）Port of Loading: （7）Port of Destination: （8）Shipping Marks: （9）Time of Shipment: Within __ days after receipt of L/C，allowing transhipment and partial shipment. （10）Terms of Payment: By 100% Confirmed，Irrevocable and Sight Letter of Credit to remain valid for negotiation in China until the 15th day after shipment. （11）Insurance: Covers all risks and war risks only as per the Clauses of the People's Insurance Company of China for 110% of the invoice value.
2011--2012学年翻译理论与实践期末考试题 班级＿＿＿姓名＿＿＿学号＿＿＿Ⅰ、Translate the following phases into English(2point*5=10point) 1.覆水难收 ___________________________________________________________ 2.指鹿为马 ___________________________________________________________ 3. 爱屋及乌 ___________________________________________________________ 4条条道路通罗马 ___________________________________________________________ 5有钱能使鬼推磨 ___________________________________________________________ ⅡTranslate the following sentences into English(5point*6=30point) 1.我年轻的日子已经一去不返。 ___________________________________________________________ 2.你别狗咬吕洞宾——不识好人心。 ___________________________________________________________ 3.世界上只有海水取之不尽，用之不竭。 ___________________________________________________________ 4.我们是新雇员，得注意自己的一举一动。 ___________________________________________________________ 5.人民军队离不开人民，就像鱼儿离不开水一样。 ___________________________________________________________ 6.虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。 ___________________________________________________________ ⅢTranslate the following passages into English(10point*2=20point) 1）当前最重要的任务是发展国民经济，提高人民生活水平。为了实现这一目标，我们必须改革旧的经济体制，进一步解放生产水平；我们应当向世界敞开大门，学习其他国家的先进的科学和技术。只要我们坚持改革开放政策，就一定能把我国建设成强大的社会主义国家。 __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ 2)秋天，无论在什么地方的秋天，总是好的；可是啊，北国的秋，却特别地来得清，来得静，来得悲凉。我的不远千里，要从杭州赶上青岛，更要从青岛赶上北平来的理由，也不过想饱尝一尝这“秋”，这故都的秋味。 __________________________________________________________
历年上海英语翻译中级口译汉译英真题及答案 原文： 越来越多受英文教育的海外华人父母，已经认识到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同时，也通晓中文的重要性。中国的崛起，让他们充分认识到孩子掌握双语的好处——既能增加他们的就业机会，也能让他们接触和熟悉东西方两种不同的文化。 这些人对中文的态度几乎没有完全改变。曾几何时，他们还非常骄傲地宣称自己只懂英文。现在，他们已开始积极支持孩子学习中文和中国文化，而且还不时走访中国，欣赏壮观的自然风光，认识丰富的文化遗产。 译文： An increasing number of English-educated Chinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kids have a good command of Chinese. China’s rise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitiveness in the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity with the two different cultures between the East and the West. They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese. At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only. Now, they have begun to give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China, where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its rich cultural heritage. 解析： 本段是一篇文化类介绍文章。总体难度一般，以句号结束的句子即可作为一
Unit 1 1、take place __________ 2、beauty n. __________ 3、harvest n. & vt. & vi. __________ 4、celebration n. __________ 5、hunter n. __________ 6、starve vi. & vt. __________ 7、origin n. __________ 8、religious adj__________ 9、△seasonal adj. __________ 10、ancestor n. __________ 11、Obon n. __________ 12、grave n. __________ 13、incense n. __________ 14、in memory of __________ 15、Mexico n. __________ 16、feast n. __________ 17、△skull n. __________ 18、bone n. __________ 19、△Halloween n. __________ 20、belief n. __________ 21、dress up __________ 22、trick n. vt. __________ 23、play a trick on __________ 24、poet n. __________ 25、△Columbus Day __________ 26、arrival n. ；__________ 27、Christopher Columbus__________ 28、gain vt__________ 29、independence n. __________ 30、independent adj. __________ 31、gather vt. & vi.&n__________. 32、agriculture n. __________ 33、agricultural adj. __________ 34、award n.vt. __________ 35、△produce n. __________ 36、rooster n.__________ 37、admire vt. __________ 38、energetic adj. __________ 39、look forward to __________ 40、△carnival n. __________ 41、△lunar adj. __________ 42、Easter n.__________ 43、△parade n. __________ 44、day and night __________ 45、clothing n. __________