中国历史文化翻译汇总-双语对照
高斋翻译TransElegant整理的CATTI和MTI备考资料
一、儒家思想由孔子在春秋时期创立，并迅速成为中国文化的核心内容之一。儒家重视道德和人与人之间的关系，着力关注人类社会的秩序的和谐安定：对于虚无缥缈的神灵(illusory divine)世界，尽量采取回避的态度，或按照自己的观念加以改造而得到强化。儒学对中国文化产生了巨大的影响，其价值观念渗透在中国人民的生活、思想和习俗中。
1. Confucius established the Confucian school of thought during the Spring and Autumn Period. Confucianism quickly became one of the pillars of Chinese Culture.Confucian philosophy attaches great importance to ethics and interpersonal relationships and is concerned about the harmony and stability of the order of human society. It adopts the attitude of trying as much as possible to evade the illusory divine world or intensifying the concept through the transformation of divine world according to one’s own i deology. Confucianism has had a great influence on Chinese culture with its values permeating the life, thinking and customs of the Chinese people.
二、要顺应人民群众对美好生活环境的期待，大力加强生态文明建设和环境保护。生态环境关系人民福祉，关乎子孙后代和民族未来。要坚持节约资源和保护环境的基本国策，着力推进绿色发展、循环发展、低碳发展。同时，要积极推进社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设，谱写中国特色社会主义事业新篇章。
2. In response to people's expectations of having a good living environment, we should greatly strengthen ecological improvement and environmental protection. The ecological environment has a bearing on people's well-being as well as the future of our following generations and our nation as a whole. We should adhere to the basic state policy of conserving resources and protecting the environment and endeavor to promote green, circular, and low-carbon development. Meanwhile，we should promote significant socialist economic, political, cultural, and social progress, and write a new chapter in building socialism with Chinese characteristics.
三、春节是中国的重要节日。临近春节时，所有的中国人会想尽办法赶回家乡与亲朋好友团聚。尽管这使得公共汽车、火车、飞机和道路异常拥挤，但是人们似乎不在意，因为回家过春节更重要！除夕永远是人们与家人共享年夜饭和跨年的特别时刻。一家人在一起聊天、讲笑话，分享自己的经历，其乐融融。
3. The Chinese Spring Festival is the most important holiday in China. In the days leading up to the Spring Festival, all Chinese people will do their best to get back to their hometown to spend the holiday with their family members and friends. This means that buses, trains, planes and roads are packed, but people brave it out because it is important to get home! The Chinese New Year Eve is always a special
time for having the family reunion dinner on Lunar New Year ’ s Eve and ringing in the new year. Families will chat, tell jokes and share stories in a pleasant atmosphere.
四、中国是茶叶的故乡。茶叶发源于中国的西南地区。中国的西南地区气候温暖潮湿，非常适宜茶叶的生长。至今，有着2700多年历史的野生茶树和800多年历史的栽种茶树仍然存在。茶叶最初被发现时，是作为一种药材来使用的。之后，茶叶开始用于制作肥皂和烹饪食物。在秦朝（公元前221-206年）和汉朝（公元前206-公元220年）期间，人们开始广泛地使用茶叶。
4. China is the homeland of tea. It was in the southwestern part of Chinathat tea was first discovered. The climate there is warm and wet—this is the perfect environment for the tea trees. More than 2,700-year-old wild tea trees and over800-year-old planted tea trees can still be found there. When tea was first discovered, it was used as medicine. After this, tea s tarted to be added to soaps and used to flavor food. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, people started using tea in different ways.
五. 丝绸之路(the Silk Road)是历史上连接中国和地中海的一条重要贸易路线。因为这条路上的丝绸贸易占绝大部分，所以在1877年它被德国的地理学家命名为“丝绸之路”。这条古道从长安开始，经过河西走廊(the Hexi Corridor)，到达敦煌后分成三条“南部路线，中部路线和北部路线。这三条路遍布新疆维吾尔自治区(Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region)，然后扩展到巴基斯坦(Pakistan)，印度，甚至罗马。
5. The Silk Road is a historically important international trade route between China and the Mediterranean. It was named the Silk Road by an eminent German geographer in1877 because silk comprised a large proportion of the articles traded along the road. This ancient road begins at Chang’an, then by way of the Hexi Corridor, and it reaches Dunhuang, where it divides into the Southern Route, the Central Route and the Northern Route. The three routes spread all over the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and they extend to Pakistan, India and even Rome.