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人教版初中八年级,上册英语语法汇总

人教版初中八年级,上册英语语法汇总
人教版初中八年级,上册英语语法汇总

人教版初中八年级上册英语语法汇总

1) leave的用法

1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如

When did you leave Shanghai

你什么时候离开上海的

2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如

Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.

下周五爱丽斯要去伦敦了。

3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如

Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing

你为什么要离开上海去北京

2) 情态

动词should“应该”学会使用

should作为情态动词用常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等有“竟会”的意思例如 How should I know 我怎么知道

Why should you be so late today

你今天为什么来得这么晚

should有时表示应当做或发生的事例如

We should help each other.

我们应当互相帮助。

我们在使用时要注意以下几点

1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或

责备晚辈。例如

You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。

2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如

You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服你最好去看医生。

3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之

一。例如

We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。

She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。

3) What... 与 Which...

1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词都可以指人或事物但是

what仅用来询问职业。如 What is your father 你父亲是干什么的

该句相当于 What does your father do

What is your father's job

Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如

---Which is Peter 哪个是皮特

---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。

2. What...是泛指所指的事物没有范围的限制而 Which...

是特指所指的事物有范围的限制。如

What color do you like best 所有颜色

你最喜爱什么颜色

Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow 有特定的范围

你最喜爱哪一种颜色

3. what 与 which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如

Which pictures are from China 哪些图片来自中国4) 频度副词的位置

1.常见的频度副词有以下这些

always总是一直

usually通常

often常常经常

sometimes有时候

never从不

2.频度副词的位置

a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。如

David is often arrives late for school.

大卫上学经常迟到。

b.放在行为动词前。如

We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.

我们每天经常在710去上学。

c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾用来表示强调。如

Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike.

有时我步行回家有时我骑自行车。

放在句首时主语、谓语动词要倒装。如

Never have I been there.

5) every day 与 everyday

1. every day 作状语译为“每一天”。如

We go to school at 7:10 every day.

我们每天710去上学。

I decide to read English every day.

我决定每天读英语。

2. everyday 作定语译为“日常的”。

She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.

她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。

What's your everyday activity

你的日常活动是什么

6) 什么是助动词

1.协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词Auxiliary Verb

。被协助的动词称作主要动词Main Verb。

助动词自身没有词义不可单独使用例如

He doesn't like English. 他不喜欢英语。

doesn't是助动词无词义like是主要动词有词义

2.助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用可以用来

a. 表示时态例如

He is singing. 他在唱歌。

He has got married. 他已结婚。

b. 表示语态例如

He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。

c. 构成疑问句例如

Do you like college life 你喜欢大学生活吗

Did you study English before you came here 你来这儿之前学过英语吗

d. 与否定副词not合用构成否定句例如

I don't like him. 我不喜欢他。

e. 加强语气例如

Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。

He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。

3.最常用的助动词有be, have, do, shall, will, should, would 7) forget doing/to do与remember doing/to do

to do 忘记要去做某事。 (未做)

forget doing 忘记做过某事。 (已做)

The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.

办公室的灯还在亮着它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作) He forgot turning the light off. 他忘记他已经关了灯

了。( 已做过关灯的动作)

Don't forget to come tomorrow.

别忘了明天来。

(to come动作未做)

典型例题

---- The light in the office is still on.

---- Oh I forgot___.

A. turning it off

B. turn it off

C. to turn it off

D. having turned it off 答案C。

由the light is still on 可知灯亮着即关灯的动作没有发生

因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth 表示灯已经关上了而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。

to do 记得去做某事 (未做)

remember doing 记得做过某事 (已做)

Remember to go to the post office after school. 记着放学后去趟邮局。

Don't you remember seeing the man before

你不记得以前见过那个人吗

8) It's for sb.和 It's of sb.

sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点表示客观形式的形容词如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等

It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。

sb 的句型一般用表示人物的性格品德表示主观感情或态度的形容词如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。

It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我你真是太好了。

与of 的辨别方法

用介词后面的代词作主语用介词前边的形容词作表语造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of不通则用for。如

You are nice. (通顺所以应用of)。

He is hard. (人是困难的不通因此应用for。)

9) 对两个句子的提问

新目标英语在命题中有将对句子划线提问这一题型取消的趋势

现在采取的作法是对一个句子进行自由提问。例如

句子The boy in blue has three pens.

提问 has three pens

boy has three pens

does the boy in blue have

many pens does the boy in blue have

很显然学生多了更多的回答角度也体现了考试的灵活性。再如

句子He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.

提问 usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday

does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday

does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday

whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday

time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday

does he usually go to the park with his friends 10) so、such与不定冠词的使用

与不定冠词a、an连用结构为“so+形容词+a/an+名词”。如

He is so funny a boy.

Jim has so big a house.

与不定冠词a、an连用结构为“such+a/an+形容词+名词”。如

It is such a nice day.

That was such an interesting story.

11) 使用-ing分词的几种情况

1.在进行时态中。如

He is watching TV in the room.

They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.

2.在there be结构中。如

There is a boy swimming in the river.

3.在have fun/problems结构中。如

We have fun learning English this term.

They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.

4.在介词后面。如

Thanks for helping me.

Are you good at playing basketball.

5.在以下结构中

enjoy doing sth 乐于做某事

finish doing sth 完成做某事

feel like doing sth 想要做某事

stop doing sth 停止做某事

forget doing sth 忘记做过某事

go on doing sth 继续做某事

remember doing sth 记得做过某事

like doing sth 喜欢做某事

keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事

find sb doing sth 发现某人做某事

see/hear/watch sb doing sth 看到/听到/观看某人做某事

try doing sth 试图做某事

need doing sth 需要做某事

prefer doing sth 宁愿做某事

mind doing sth 介意做某事

practice doing sth 练习做某事

be busy doing sth 忙于做某事

can't help doing sth 禁不住做某事

miss doing sth 错过做某事

12) 英语中的“单数”

1.主语的第三人称单数形式即可用“he, she, it”代替的。如

he, she, it my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary's uncle

2.名词有单数名词和复数名词。如

man单数---men复数

banana单数---bananas复数

3.动词有原形第三人称单数形式-ing分词过去式过去分

词。如

go---goes---going---went---gone

work---works---working---worked---worked

watch---watches---watching---watched---watched

当主语为第三人称单数的时候谓语动词必须用相应的第三人称单数形式。如

The boy wants to be a sales assistant.

Our English teacher is from the US.

Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.

13) 名词的复数构成的几种形式

名词复数的构成可分为规则变化和不规则变化两种。

I 名词复数的规则变化

1.一般在名词词尾加-s。如

pear---pears hamburger---hamburgers desk---desks tree---trees 2.以字母-s,

-sh, -ch, -x结尾的名词词尾加-es。如

class---classes dish---dishes watch---watches box---boxes

3.以字母-o结尾的某些名词词尾加-es。如

potato---potatoes tomato---tomatoes Negro---Negroes hero---heroes

4.以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词将-y变为-i,再加-es。如

family---families dictionary---dictionaries city---cities country---countries

5.以字母-f或-fe结尾的名词将-f或-fe变为-v再加-es。

half---halves leaf---leaves thief---thieves knife---knives self---selves

wife---wives life---lives wolf---wolves shelf---shelves loaf---loaves

但是

scarf---scarves(fes) roof---roofs serf---serfs gulf---gulfs chief---chiefs

proof---proofs belief---beliefs

II 名词复数的不规则变化

1.将-oo改为--ee。如foot---feet tooth---teeth

2.将-man改为-men。如man---men woman---women policeman---policemen postman---postmen

3.添加词尾。如child---children

4.单复数同形。如sheep---sheep deer---deer

fish---fish people---people

5.表示“某国人”的单、复数变化。即“中日瑞不变英法变其它国

把-s加后面”。如

Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese Swiss---Swiss Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen American---Americans Australian---Australians

Canadian---Canadians Korean---Koreans

Russian---Russians Indian---Indians

6.其它。如

mouse---mice apple tree---apple trees man

teacher---men teachers

14) 双写最后一个字母的-ing分词

初中阶段常见的有以下这些

→letting 让

hit→hitting 打、撞

cut→cutting 切、割

get→getting 取、得到

sit→sitting 坐

forget→forgetting 忘记

put→putting 放

set→setting 设置

babysit→babysitting 临时受雇照顾婴儿→shopping 购物

trip→tripping 绊

stop→stopping 停止

drop→dropping 放弃

→travel(l)ing 旅游

swim→swimming 游泳

run→running 跑步

dig→digging 挖、掘

begin→beginning 开始

prefer→preferring 宁愿

plan→planning 计划

15) 肯定句变否定句及疑问句要变化的一些词

变为any。如

There are some birds in the tree. →There aren't any birds in the tree.

但是若在表示请邀请、请求的句子中some可以不变。

Would you like some orange juice

与此相关的一些不定代词如something, somebody等也要进行相应变化。

变为or。如

I have a knife and a ruler.

→I don't have a knife or a ruler.

lot of (=lots of)变为many或much。如

They have a lot of friends.可数名词

→They don't have many friends.

There is lots of orange in the bottle.不可数名词→There isn't much orange in the bottle.

变为yet。如

I have been there already.

→I haven't been there yet.

16) in与after

in 与 after 都可以表示时间但二者有所区别。

经常用于将来时的句子中以现在为起点表示将来一段时间。

He will leave for Beijing in a week.

一周后他会动身去北京。

经常用于过去时的句子中以过去为起点表示过去一段时间。

He left for Beijing after a week.

人教版八年级上册英语知识点汇总

新人教版|八年级上学期英语所有必考知识点大汇总 Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? 【重点语法】 不定代词:不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。 用法注意: 1. some 和any +可数名/不可数名。 some 多用于肯定句,any多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。有些问句中用some,不用any, 问话者希望得到对方肯定回答。 2. 由some, any, no, every 与body, one, thing构成的复合不定代词作主语时,其谓语动词用三单。 3. 不定代词若有定语修饰,该定语要置于其后:如:something interesting 【重点短语】 1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth 为某人买某物 2. taste + adj. 尝起来…… 3. nothing...but + V.(原形) 除了……之外什么都没有 4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来 5. arrive in + 大地方/ arrive at + 小地方到达某地 6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事/ try to do sth. 尽力做某事8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 9. want to do sth. 想去做某事10. start doing sth. 开始做某事=begin doing sth. 11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事区分:stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 12. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事14. so + adj + that + 从句如此……以至于…… 16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要)做某事17. keep doing sth. 继续做某事 18. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事/ forget doing sth 忘记做过某事 【词语辨析】 1. take a photo/ take photos 拍照 quite a few+名词复数“许多…” 2. seem + 形容词看起来…... You seem happy today. seem + to do sth. 似乎/好像做某事I seem to have a cold It seems + 从句似乎..…. It seems that no one believe you. seem like ... 好像,似乎….. It seems like a good idea. 3. arrive in +大地点= get to= reach+地点名“到达......” arrive at +小地点 (注:若后跟地点副词here/there/home, 介词需省略,如:arrive here; get home) 4. feel like sth 感觉像… feel doing sth. 想要做某事 5. wonder(想知道)+疑问词(who, what, why)引导的从句。 6. because of +名/代/V-ing because+从句 He can’t take a walk because of the rain. I don’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive. 7. enough +名词足够的…... 形容词/副词+enough Unit2 How often do you exercise? 【重点语法】 1. 频率副词: always, usually, often, sometimes, never 频率副词在句中通常放在实义动词之前, be动词或助动词之后。常用于一般现在时态中。2.“次数”的表达方法 一次once,两次twice,三次或三次以上:基数词+ times, 如:three times, five times, 3. how often“多久一次”问频率,回答常含有频率词组或短语。 常见的how疑问词: 1)How soon 多久(以后) —How soon will he be back?他多久能回来? —He will be back in a month. 他一个月后能回来。 2)how long “多久” —How long did it take you to clean the house? 你打扫房子用了多久? —It took me half an hour to clean the house. 我打扫这房子用了半小时。 3)How many+名复 How much+不可名 “多少”问数量(how much 还可问价格) 【重点短语】 1. go to the movies 去看电影 2. look after = take care of 照顾 3. surf the internet 上网 4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式 5. go skate boarding 去划板 6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康 7. eating habits 饮食习惯8. take more exercise 做更多的运动 9. the same as 与什么相同10. be different from 不同 11. once a month一月一次12. twice a week一周两次 13.make a difference to 对......有影响/作用14. most of the students=most students 15. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物16. be good for 对......有益 17. be bad for 对......有害18. come home from school放学回家 19. of course = certainly = sure 当然20. get good grades 取得好成绩 21. keep/be in good health 保持健康22. take a vacation 去度假 【词语辨析】 1. maybe / may be maybe 是副词,意为“大概,可能,或许”,一般用于句首。May be是情态动词,意为“可能是...,也许是...,大概是...”. The baby is crying. Maybe she is hungry. The woman may be a teacher. 2. a few / few / a little / little a few (少数的,几个,一些) a little (一点儿,少量) 表示肯定 few (很少的,几乎没有的) little (很少的,几乎没有的) 表示否定 修饰可数名词 修饰不可数名词 People can live to 100, but few people can live to 150. There is little time left. I w on’t catch the first bus. Could you give me a little milk? 3. hard / hardly hard作形容词,意为“困难的,艰苦的,硬的”;作副词,意为“努力地,猛烈地”。hardly为副词,意

八年级上册英语语法归纳

八年级上册英语语法归纳 【篇一】 1. what 与which 都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但是what仅用来询问职业。如: What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的? 该句相当于: What does your father do? What is your father’s job? Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如: ---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特? ---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。 2. What...?是泛指,所指的事物没有范围的限制;而Which...?是特指,所指的事物有范围的限制。如: What color do you like best? (所有颜色) 你最喜爱什么颜色? Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? (有特定的范围) 你最喜爱哪一种颜色? 3. what 与which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如:Which pictures are from China? 哪些图片来自中国? 4) 频度副词的位置 1.常见的频度副词有以下这些: always(总是,一直) usually(通常)

often(常常,经常) sometimes(有时候) never(从不) 2.频度副词的位置: a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。如: David is often arrives late for school. 大卫上学经常迟到。 b.放在行为动词前。如: We usually go to school at 7:10 every day. 我们每天经常在7:10去上学。 c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾,用来表示强调。如:Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike. 有时我步行回家,有时我骑自行车。 3.never放在句首时,主语、谓语动词要倒装。如:Never have I been there. 5) every day 与everyday 1. every day 作状语,译为“每一天”。如: We go to school at 7:10 every day. 我们每天7:10去上学。 I decide to read English every day. 我决定每天读英语。 2. everyday 作定语,译为“日常的”。 She watches everyday English on TV after dinner. 她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。

八年级下册英语语法知识点

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You will feel better after a good rest. 2. 表示意图 I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow? 基本构成如下: 一般疑问句构成: (1)will+主语+do…? Will Sarah e to visit me next Sunday? (2)there be 结构的一般疑问句:Will there + be …? Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won't 否定句构成:will + not (won't)+do

Sarah won't e to visit me next Sunday. 特殊疑问句构成: 特殊疑问词+will+主语+…?What will Sarah do next Sunday? (二) should的用法: should用来提出建议和忠告,后边加动词原形,否定句直接在should后边加not. 例如:I think you should eat less junk food. 我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。 She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So I think she should walk a lot. 她经常开车,很少走路。所以我认为她应该多走路。

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般疑问句)?I was born in 1997. →When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的? 2)实义动词: (1)肯定句:主语+V-ed +其它。 I called up my good friend just now. (2)否定句: 主语+didn’t +V 原形+其它 I didn’t argue with Tom last week. (3)一般问疑句:Did +主语+ V 原形+其它? I bought a souvenir in 2010. (改一般疑问句) →Did you buy a souvenir in 2010? 肯定回答:Yes, I did. 否定回答:No, I didn’t. (4)特殊疑问句: 疑问词+did +主语+ V 原形+其它? I went to HongKong last year. →Where did you go to HongKong last year? 5.变化规则 (1)、规则动词的变化规则: (1)一般情况下在词尾直接加ed。如:play―played work―worked (2)以e 结尾的动词只加d. 如:like--- liked love―loved , (3)以辅音字母+Y 结尾的动词,变Y 为I,再加ed. 如:study―studied carry―carried (4)以重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,要双写最后这个辅音字母,再加ed. 如stop―stopped

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beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful different→more different→most different easily→more easily→most easily (6)有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。 good→better→best well→better→best bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst old→older/elder→oldest/eldest many/much→more→most little→less→least far →further/farther→furthest/farthest 2. 形容词和副词比较级的用法 (1)“甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”。 Tom is taller than Kate. 汤姆比凯特高。

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八年级上学期的英语语法总结(全部! 一、只能修饰可数名词的词语有: many, many a(n, a good / great many, a (great / large number of, scores of, dozens of等。例如: Scores of people went there in the first few days after its opening. 开张后的头几天,很多人去了那儿。 I have been there dozens of times. 我已去过那儿很多次了。 There’re a number of students reading English in the classroom. 教室里有许多学生在读英语。 Many a student has(=many students havevisited the Great Wall.(谓语动词用单数 很多学生都游览过长城。 In winter, a good many animals sleep under the snow. 冬天很多动物在雪下冬眠。 注意: many所修饰的复数名词前若有限定词,many 后面要接of, 表示―……中的很多‖。例如: A great many(of the graduates have found jobs. 毕业生中很多人已经找到了工作。 二、只能修饰不可数名词的词语有:

much, a great deal of, a great / large amount of等。例如: Is there much water in the bucket? 桶里有很多水吗? He always has a great amount of work to do. 他总是有很多工作要做。 三、既能修饰可数名词又能修饰不可数名词的词语有: a lot of, lots of, plenty of (以上三个词语后谓语动词的数依of 后的名词的单复数而定,a great / large quantity of (其后谓语用单数,quantities of (其后谓语用复数。例如: There is still lots of snow in the garden. 花园里还有许多雪。 There is plenty of rain here. 这儿的雨水很多。 A great quantity of flowers was placed in the hall. 大厅里放了很多鲜花。 There are large quantities of food in the cupboard. 橱柜里有许多食物。 在所有这些表示―很多‖的词语中many, much 是最常用的词,它们既可以用于肯定句,也可以用于疑问句和否定句。例如: Are there many people in the street?

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