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英语基本句型归纳.docx

英语基本句型归纳.docx
英语基本句型归纳.docx

英语句型归纳

1. be doing/ be about to do/be on the point of doing/had done?, when(?when:,一个作的突然生)

1)I was walking along the river, when I heard a drowning boy cry for help.

2)I was about to leave when it began to rain.

3)I had just finished my test paper when the bell rang, announcing the exam was over.

2. It was(not) +段+before +一般去“ 了一段就??”

It will(not) be+段 +before + 一般在“要一段才会??”

It is/ has been +段 + since ?

It was+ 点 + when?

It was+ 状 + that ?(句)

1)It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position.

不久他就意到他境危。(作已生)

2)It will be half a year before you graduate from the school.

有半年你才从个学校。(作未生)

3)It is 3 years since he worked here. = he left here.(since从句中的若是延性

,要从个作束的候算起)

4)It was 3 o’ clock when theyreceived the telephone.

5)It was at 3 o’ clock that they received the telephone.

3.once ?一旦??,表示和条件

1)Once you start, you will never give up.

2)Once you understand what the teacher explained, you will have no difficulty doing the

work.

4.the + 比??, the + 比??“越??越??”

The more books you read, the more knowledge you will get.

5.whether ? or ?无是??是??

1)Whether the weather is good or bad, they will set off as they planned.

2)Any person, whether young or old, has his own worth.

6. 祈使句 +or/otherwise +果句或祈使句+ and + 果句

1)Stop doing such a foolish thing, or you will be punished in time.

2)More effort, and the problem would have been settled.

7. every time/each time/next time/the first time/any time等短引状从句,表

示“每当,每次,下次,第一次,任何候”。

’ t always refer to your 1) Every ti me you meet with new words while reading, don

dictionary.

2)Next time you come, do remember to bring your son here.

3)You are welcome to come back any time you want to.

8. There is(no) need to do?

?

There is(no)hope/chance/poss ibility of doing

There is(no)difficulty/trouble/point/delay( in )doing

1)Is there any chance of our winning the match?

2)There is no point in discussing the problem again.

9. it 句:基本构成形式:It is/ was + 被部分 + who/ that+ 原句剩余部分

1)I met him in the street yesterday afternoon.

2)It was I who/that met him in the street yesterday afternoon.(是我,不是人)

3)It was in the street that I met him yesterday afternoon.(是在大街上,不是在的地方,的是地点,但不用where )

4)It was yesterday afternoon that I met him in the street.(是昨天下午,不是在的

候,的是,但不用when)

10. not... until直到?? 才

1) The villagers didn’ t realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in the river.

2)It was not until all the fish died in the river that the villagers realized how serious

the pollution was. (句)

3)Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the

pollution was. (倒装句)

11. not only? but (also)?

引并列构:作主,与近的一个主保持一致。

Not only the teacher but also the students have their eyes examined regularly.

not only... but (also)引?并列句,not only引的部分置于句首要部分倒装。

1)Not only was everything he had taken away, but also his German citizenship was

taken away.

2)Not only should we students study hard, but also we should know how to

enjoy ourselves in our spare time.

12. would rather +从句(从句要用虚气,即从句中用一般去式,表示在或将来的愿望;从句中用去完成市,表示去的愿望)

1)I ’ d rather you posted the letter right now. 我想你在就把信寄出去。

2)I ’ d rather I hadn’ t seen her yesterday我情.愿昨天没到她。

13. so, neither/nor引得倒装

表示“另一者也如此”及前者的情况也适用于后者,用so, neither/nor引的倒装句,助

的依据前一句的。

1) He has finished his homework, so have I.

2) My sister prefers coffee, so do I.

3) John can’ t ride a bicycle, neither/nor can I.

若前句的既有肯定又有否定形式,或不属于一,用It is/was the same with sb. 或 So it is/was with sb.

1) He is a worker and he works hard, so it is with John.

若后一句是前一句所的内容表示同或可,主和不倒装。

1)— It is cold today. — Yes. So it is

2)— He visited Tokyo last week.—Yes. So he did.

14. 倍数表达法:

A++倍数 + the + n.(size/ height/ length?) + of B

A++倍数 + as + abj. + as B

A++倍数 + adj. 比 + than B

A ++ adj. 比 +than

B + by + 倍数

1)This square is twice the size of that one.

This square is twice as large as that one.

This square is once larger than that one.

2)This factory produced three times as many cars as they did 10 years ago.

3)He is 3 years older than I.

He is older than I by 3 years.

15. as/with表示“随??展”,as后面接句子,with 后面接短。

1)With the industry developing, the pollution is becoming more and more serious.

2)As the industry develops, the pollution is becoming more and more serious.

16.with 的复合构 (作状或作定 )

with + n. + adj. (with可以省略)

1) (With) the street wet and slippery, we had to ride our bikes slowly and carefully.

2)The students were listening to the teacher, (with) their eyes wide open.

The students were listening to the teacher, and their eyes were wide open.

with+ n. + adv. (with可以省略)

1) He put on his coat hurriedly, (with) the wrong side out.

with + n. + prep-phrase (with可以省略)

1) The old man was seated in the sofa, (with) a pipe in his mouth.

with + n.+ to do/to be done (不定式的作未行)

with + n.+ done (不定式的作已完成或指n. 所的状 )

with + n.+ doing/being done (不定式的作正在行)

1)With so many problems to settle, the newly-elected president is having a hard year.

2)He was lying in bed, with his eyes fixed on the ceiling.

3) With the temple being repaired, we can’ t visited it.

17. 以 here, there, in, out, up, down, away等副开的倒装句

(多用一般在表示正在行的作)。

1) Here comes the bus! (=The bus is coming here!)

2) Away he went.他走了。(若主是代主与不倒装)

18.方位状位于句首的倒装句。

1)In front of the house stopped a police car.

2)Under the tree sat a boy, with a book in his hand.

19. 具有否定意的副或短位于句首句子要部分倒装。常用的有:little, never, seldom, hardly, rarely, no sooner, in no time, by no means, in no case等。Hardly had we got home when it began to rain.

20. the moment, the minute, immediately, directly, on doing表?示“一?? 就”

1) On arriving (his arrival) at the airport, he was surrounded by the reporters.

2) — Have you give John the book?—Yes, the moment I saw him.

21.while/but : while 侧重两者之间的对比, but 多指一件事的两个对立面。

1)He likes listening to music while I like watching TV.

2)I badly wanted that book, but I haven’ t enough money.

22.only to do 作结果状语,多用来表示出人意料、结局令人沮丧的结果。动词多是终结性的词,如: find, learn, to be told, to be caught等。

1)His father disappeared, never to be heard from again.

2)He hurried to his office, only to be told that he was dismissed.

23.only + 状语的结构放在句首,主句要部分倒装。

1) The teacher told me that only in that way, could I learn English well.

2) I received my mother ’ s call at 11 a.m., only then did I remember it was my birthday today.

24. taste, smell, look, sound, feel等感官动词作为系动词后面要接adj. 作表语。

1)Apple of this kind tastes very nice.

2)Smelling nice, this kind of bread sells well.

25.有些动词常用作不及物动词与well 或 easily 连用,表示某物具备的某种特征,常用的词有 sell, cut , wash, last, burn等。

1)His latest work sells well.

2)Dry wood burns easily.

26.否定词与比较级连用,表达最高级的含义。

1)I have never seen a better film.

2)I can ’ t agree you more.我非常同意。

27. It的句型

不定式作主语,it 作形式主语:

It + 系动词 + adj./ n.+ for sb. to do (for sb.表示动词不定式动作的执行者)

It + 系动词 + adj.+ of sb. to do (of sb.既表示动词不定式动作的执行者又表示人所具备的性质或特征)

1)It ’ s important for us to have a good knowledge of English.

2)It ’ s thoughtful of him to fix us up for the night.

不定式作宾语,it 作形式宾语:

主 + think/consider/believe/make/feel + it + adj. /n. +for sb./of sb. + to do

1)I feel it foolish of him to believe such a man.

2)The timely rain had made it possible for the crops to grow well.

It is said/thought/ hoped/ believed?that?

Sb. is said/thought/hoped/bel ieved to do?

1) It is said that he is studying abroad.—> He is said to be studying abroad.

2) It is considered that many countries highly value China’ s role in helping world = Many countries is considered to highly value China’ s role in helping world

It is time to do/It is time that +主+的一般去式,表示是做??.的候了。

1) It is time that we ended the discussion.

’ s peace.’ s peace.

28.虚气中的重点句型

If +were/ did ( 去式 ),主 +情 (would, could, might, should)+do(用来表示

在情况的假 )

①I don ’t have a cell phone. If I had one, i t would be convenient for me to contract others.

If +had done ( 去完成式 ),主 +情 (would, could, might, should)+have done(用来

表示去情况的假)

②If I had gone to the concert, I would have seen the famous singer.

If +were/ did (去式)/ were to do/ should do,主+情(would, could, might,

should)+ do( 用来表示将来情况的假)

③If I were not to take/ should take/ took the exam tomorrow, I would go shopping with

you.

虚气条件句的倒装:在虚气条件句中,如果出助were, should, had,可省

略 if, 把些提到主前面,成倒装句。

① Should he act like that again, he would be fi ned. (If he should act like that again,?)

Were he to act like that again, he would be fined. (If he were to act like that again,

***If he acted like that again, 不可以?倒(装 )

?)

②Had the doctor come in time last night, the boy would have been saved. (If the doctor

had come in time last night,?)

③ If I had time now, I would go to the film with you. (不可以倒装,因句中的had 不是助

)

But for?-- > If it were not for?/ If it hadn’ t been for

① But for the determined captain, all the passengers on board wouldn’t have beenvedsa.

(If it hadn’ t been for the determined captain, all the passengers on board?)

②But for your rich parents, you wouldn ’t live such an easy life. (If it were not for your rich parents,

you wouldn ’ t live such an easy life.

在suggest, insist, demand, require, request, order, advise, propose等表示建、要求、

命令、主的引的名性从句中,从句的要用(should) do的形式。

① Mother insisted that John (should) go to bed before 9 o’clock.

比: He insisted that I had taken away his dictionary. (不是建、要求、命令或主)② His suggestion that Tony (should) be invited to the party was refused. (同位从句

)比: His words suggested that he was very angry with me. (不是建、要求、命令或主

)

29.as if/ as though ?表示(与事相反,用虚;若表示即将成事或有可能成事,用述气 )

①He was in great trouble, but he acted as if nothing had happened.

②Although they just met for the first time, they talked as if they had been friends for

many years.

③The clouds are gathering. It looks as if it is going to rain.

30.n./ adj./ adv./ v. + as/ though + 主 +,??,尽管??但是??,引步状从句

① Child as he is, he has already known what career he wants to follow.

② Try as he might, he couldn’t solve the problem.

③ Much as I respect him, I can’t agree with his idea.

31. rather than

①It is better to ask for help at the beginning rather than to wait until a busy period when everyone is rushed off their feet.

②It is the boss who is to blame rather than the workers.

32.疑 +ever = no matter + 疑,引步状从句或名性从句

① Whichever(=No matter which) you like, you can take it away. (步状从句

)

You can take away whichever(=any one that) you like. (名性从句)

② Whenever you comes, you will be welcome. (步状从句)

③ Whatever happens, I will support you. (步状从句)

④ Whoever breaks the law, he will certainly be punished. (步状从句)

Whoever breaks the law will certainly be punished. (名性从句)

⑤ However great the difficulty is, we can overcome it. (步状从句)

33. if/ as long as/ so long as/ providing that/ provided that/ supposing that/ on

condition that假如??

I will lend you money on condition that you can return it within 3 months.

34. given that/ considering that考到?? ,于??

’m sure teaching ① Given her interest in children/ Given that she is interested in children, I

is the right career for her.

②Considering his age and his experience, he has done well.

35. in case that/ in case of万?一?? ,以防??

①In case of fire, please dial 119 at once.

②In case that John comes/ John should come, tell him to wait.

36. can never/ can’t与too, too much, enough, over-搭配表示“无怎?? 都不分”

① While you are doing your homework, you can’t be careful enough.

② He is such a great man that we can’t praise him too much.

③ William Hartley was handsome, determined and hardworking, in a word, I couldn’t

speak too highly of him.

④The development of society has made it necessary for us to have a good knowledge of

English, so we can’ t overemphasizethe importance of learning English.

⑤ Since it is a good thing, we can’t do it too soon.

37.表示去原打算干,却未曾的愿望、打算或意

had hoped to do=hoped to have done,似的有:expect, think, intend, design, plan,

mean, suppose等

would like/prefer/ love to have done

was/ were to have done

was/ were supposed to have done

① —Did you go to see the film“Titanic” last night?

— I ’ d like to have, but I had an unexpected guest.

②The plane was to have taken off at 7 this morning, but it was held up by the heavy fog.

(完整版)英语的五大基本句型

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1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+ do eg :I like watching monkeys jump 2 (比较级and 比较级)表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易)补:a place of interest 名胜 4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界 7 along with 同……一道,伴随…… eg : I will go along with you 我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助向…要…(直接接想要的东西)eg : ask you for my book 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时eg:I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 14 at the beginning of …………的起初;……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后;尽头;末尾eg : At the end of the day 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候补:at least 至少 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心,自信 eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing 表:1 现在进行时2 将来时 19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原)能够……eg : She is able to sing She can sing 补:base on 以…(为)根据 20 be able to do sth 能够干什么eg :she is able to sing 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧,害怕……eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么 eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视 23 be angry with sb 生某人的气eg : Don't be angry with me 24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气 25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高 26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 远离 28 be away from 从……离开 29 be bad for 对什么有害eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好 30 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事be busy with sth 忙于…… 32 be careful 当心;小心be close to…离…很近 33 be different from……和什么不一样 34 be famous for 以……著名 35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好 36 be from = come from 来自 eg :He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ? 37 be full of 装满……的be filled with 充满eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water 38 be glad+to+do/从句 39 be going to + v(原)将来时

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含有doing的常用句型 .1. have + n = do 让某人去干….(一次性动作) have + n + doing 让……持续(反复进行) have + n + done 请人干……/ 使遭受到…../ 使某事完成 he had his students translating sentences all the time in class. I’ll have the report typed by the secretary. Yesterday on the bus he had his money stolen. Don’t be worried, I’ll see to the matter and have everything prepared well in advance. 2. won’t / can’t have + n + doing / done不能容忍某行为发生 It’s rude of you to speak to mother like that and I won’t have you speaking to Mother like that in future. I can’t have you smoking like that. 3. get + n + to do 让某人去干……(一次性行为) get + n + doing使……开始……/ 使……动起来 get + n + done请人干…../使某事做完 the teacher got the student o read the news to his classmates. The boy is always keeping silent. Can you get him talking? The workers are on strike. Can you get them working? 4. catch sb doing 撞见……正在干…… The thief caught stealing was sent to the police station. Several students were caught cheating in the college entrance examination and were punished severely. Send + n + doing使…..快速….. The arrival of police sent the robbers running away quickly. Work came that his father was badly ill. The sad news sent him going home at once. 5. Comparatively/ frankly/ exactly/ generally/ honestly/ properly/ roughly speaking Speaking of / talking of 谈到/ 说道……judging from 从….来判断 Considering 考虑到……鉴于.; 就…..而论 6. It 形式主语 It + 系动词(be./seem…) + no good/ no use/ useless + doing sth It is no good reading without full understanding. He is t oo stubborn to change his mind. It’s no use arguing with him. As a student, it’s no good staying up too late. There + 系动词( be / seem….) + no doing sth = it’s impossible to do….做…..是不可能的 There is no finishing the work in such a short time. = it’s i mpossible to finish the work in such a short time. There is little time left, so there is no arriving there on time. There’s no saying what he’ll be doing next. (6) (with) + n + doing / being done (表示正在进行) / having done (动作已经完

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