周末重难点现在完成时的讲解和练习题
一、构成：主语+ have/has + 过去分词+其他
否定式:主语+ haven't/hasn't + 过去分词+ 其他。
疑问式:Have /Has + 主语+ 过去分词+ 其他
简略答语: (肯定)Yes, 主语+ have/has. (否定)No, 主语+ haven't/hasn't.(否定)
二、用法：现在完成时既涉及过去，又联系现在
（一）表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,也可表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态
常与just（刚刚），already（已经），never（从来没有），ever（曾经），before（以前），yet（仍然，还），once（一次），twice（两次），many times（很多次），how many times（多少次），so far（迄今为止），up to now ,till now 等时间状语连用。如：
※副词的位置：①just常用于肯定句中，放在have / has后，He has just come .
②never表示否定,放在have / has后, He has never visited the Great Wall.
③ever用于疑问句中,句型为: Have / Has＋主语＋ever＋过去分词？“…曾经……过吗？”用于询问某人
过去的经历。Have you ever been to the farm？
（二）：表示过去已经开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态。时间状语有：
①for＋表示一段时间的词语I have taught English for 19 years。
②since＋表示过去时间点的词语He has been at this school since 1986.
③since＋表示过去的时间状语从句I have lived here since I was born.
④since＋一段时间＋ago. I have known him since 20 years ago.
三、现在完成时态中可以和表示一段时间状语（for，since，how long, all one’s life）连用的动词必须用延
续性动词（肯定句）。如：be，have，know，live，work，study，learn，teach，keep，speak，talk，draw，wait，wear，walk，sleep，drive，write，do，clean等。
Eg. I have been a teacher for nearly 20 years. How long has he lived here
常见终止性动词和延续性动词的相应转换形式如下:
1、borrow / lend→keep,
2、buy→have,
3、finish / end→be over,
4、begin / start→be on
5、open→be open
6、close→be closed,
7、die→be dead
8、arrive /come / go / move / reach /get to→be in /at / be here /be there,
9、leave→be away（from）10、go to school→be i n school / be a student,
11、get up→be up, 12、fall asleep→be asleep 13、fall ill→be ill
14、get to know→know, 15、lose→be lost 16、become→be 17、begin to study→study, 18、return / come back / get back→be back 19、join→be in / be a…member,
20、j oin the army→be in the army /be a soldier
21、receive / get a letter→have a letter 22、catch / get a cold→have a cold
Eg. 他参军已有三年.He has joined the army for three years.（错）改为:
He has been in the army for three years / since three years ago.
He has been a soldier for three years / since three years ago.
四、现在完成时中应注意的几个问题
1. have been to和have gone to的区
have been to强调“曾经去过…”，现已不在那里，已经回来了
have gone to主要强调的是“去了…”，可能在去的途中，或在去的目的地。
2. have been to和have been in的区别
have been to强调人“已回到原地”，后面可接表示“次数”的状语。
have been in表示某人“已在某地停留一段时间，现仍在那里”，其后常带表示一段时间的状语
练习题
I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form.
1. I____ already ____ (see) the film. I ________ (see) it last week.
2. _____ he ____ (finish) his work today Not yet.
3. My father ____ just ____ (come) back from work. He is tired now.
4. Where’s Li Ming He __________ (go) to the teacher’s office.
5. I __________ (work) here since I ______ (move) here in 1999.
6. So far I _______________(make) quite a few friends here.
7. How long ________ the Wangs ______________(stay) here For two weeks.
8. I ________ just ___________ (finish) my homework.
9. He ________ (go) to school on foot every day.
10.____ you ______ (find) your science book yet
11. If it ____ (be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you.
12. The students ____________ (read) English when the teacher came in.
13. Look! The monkey __________ (climb) the tree.
14. My mother __________ (come) to see me next Sunday.
15. I've lost my pen. _________ you ________ (see) it anywhere
II. Choose the best answer.
( )1、Both his parents look sad. Maybe they _________what's happened to him .
Ａ. knew Ｂ. have known Ｃ. must know Ｄ.will know ( )2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he
Ａ. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still ( )3、Have you met Mr Li ______？
Ａ. just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ. a moment ago ( )4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year .
Ａ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written ( )5、—Our country ______ a lot so far .
—Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .
Ａ. has changed ; well Ｂ. changed ; good
Ｃ. has changed ; better Ｄ. changed ; better ( )6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .
Ａ. was ; studying Ｂ. will ; study
Ｃ. has ; studied Ｄ. are ; studying
( )7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .
Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. knew ( )8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .
Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see ( )9、—These farmers have been to the United States .
—Really When _____ there
Ａ. will they go Ｂ. did they go
Ｃ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone ( )10、—______ you ___ your homework yet
—Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .
Ａ. Did ; do ; finished Ｂ. Have ; done ; finished
Ｃ. Have ; done ; have finished Ｄ. will ; do ; finish
( )11、His father ______ the Party since 1978 .
Ａ. joined Ｂ. has joined Ｃ. was in Ｄ. has been in ( ) 12、—Do you know him well
—Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .
Ａ. were Ｂ. have been Ｃ. have become Ｄ. have made ( )13、—How long have you ____ here
—About two months .
Ａ. been Ｂ. gone Ｃ. come Ｄ. arrived ( ) 14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .
Ａ. has begun Ｂ. had begun
Ｃ. has been on Ｄ. began
( )15、It _____ ten years since he left the army .
Ａ. is Ｂ. has Ｃ. will Ｄ. was
( )16、Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library .
Ａ.has gone Ｂ. went Ｃ.will go Ｄ. has been ( )17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .
Ａ. have been in Ｂ. have been to
Ｃ. have gone to Ｄ. have been
( )18、The students have cleaned the classroom,
A. so they
B. don’t they
C. have they
D. haven’t they
( )19、has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China
A. How soon, comes
B. How often, got
C. How long, came
D. How far, arrived
( )20、His uncle for more than 9 years.
A. has come here
B. has started to work
C. has lived there
D. has left the university
( )21. How long have you _______ here
A. come
B. got
C. arrived
D. been
( )22. My grandpa died _________.
A. at the age of my 2
B. for 2 years
C. when I was 2.
D. my age was 6.
( )23. Jane has _____ to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow.
A. been
B. gone
C. went
D. never been
( )24. It is ten years _____ I last saw her.
A. after
B. since
C. for
D. that
( )25.--Who will go to the station to meet Lorry --I will. I _____ her several times.
A. met
B. have met
C. had met
D. will meet
( )26. --What a nice dress! How long _____ you _____ it
--Just 2 weeks.
A. will, buy
B. did, buy
C. are, having
D. have, had
( )27.--Do you know Lydia very well
--Yes, She and I _____ friends since we were very young.
A. have made
B. have become
C. have been
D. have turned
( )28. The Smiths _______ in China for 8 years.
A. has lived
B. lived
C. have been
D. live
( )29. --Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black-- Sorry. He ______ the Bainiao Park.
A. has been to
B. has gone to
C. went to
D. will go to
( )30. --____ you ever ____ to the US -- Yes, twice.
A. Have, gone
B. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, going
III. Rewrite the sentences.
1. I have been to Macau before. (改为否定句)? I _________ _________ been to Macau before.
2. He hasn’t come to school because he was ill. (就划线部分提问)
______ _______ he come to school
3. I bough a new bike just now. (用just改写)? ? I ____ just ____ a new bike.
4. We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句) We ____ ____English ____three years
5. He has never surfed, _______ _______ （改成反意疑问句）
6. They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问) _______ _______have they been here
7. The old man _________ last year. He has _______ _______for a year. (die) （动词填空）
8. Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)Miss Gao has _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.
四、用have / has been to / in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空。
1) Where is Jack He __________ his country.
2) David ________ the park just now.
3) John _______ England since he came back.
4) How long _____ they _____ this village
5) The Smiths ______ Beijing for years.
6) _____ you ever ____ America -- Yes, I _____ there many times.
7) I _____ this school since three years ago.
8) Where is Jim He _____ the farm.
9) When_____ he _____ He _______ an hour ago.
10) Would you like to _____ to the zoo with me ---Yes, but I _____ there before.
11) Where _____ you _____ now --- I ____ to the zoo.
12) He often _____ swimming.
13) _____ you ______ there last year
14) _____ they often ______ skating in winter
五、用never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空
1. I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.
2. Jack has _________ finished his homework.
3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.
4. “Have you ________ seen the film” “No, I have ________ seen it.”
5. “Has the bus left _______” “Yes, it has _________ left.”
参考答案：
一、单项选择。
1、现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是Ｂ。
2、现在完成时常与already（已经），just（刚刚，正好），ever（曾经），never（从来，也不；从不），before（以前），yet（仍然）等连用。故2应选B。
3、C
4、现在完成时常与recently（近来），so far（到目前为止），in the past/“last + 一段时间”等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。故4应选D。
5、C
6、现在完成时时常与“for +时间段或since +过去时间点”连用（含从句，从句过去时）。故6应选C。
7、C
8、现在完成时还与once（一次），twice（两次），three times（三次），several times（几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用。故8应选B。
9、现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者又有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系；现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作，它不与表示过去的时间状语（如yesterday , last week , a moment ago等）连用。故9的正确答案为B。
10、B
11、现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。故11的正确答案依次为：D。
12、B 13、A 14、C 15、A。
16、“have/has gone to + 地点”表示“某人去了某地（还未回来）”，指主语所指的人不在这儿。“have/has been in + 地点”表示“在某地呆了多长时间”，常与表示时间的状语连用。“have/has been to +地点”表示“曾经去过某地（但现在已不在那儿）。”故16的正确答案为A。
17、A 18、D 19、C 20、C
必备英语【初中英语】现在完成时-知识点归纳与练习 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．The tall building here for 100 years. A. is B. was C. has been D. is been 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】那幢高楼在这里已经有100年了。根据for 100 years可知“高楼在这里”是过去发生的动作一直持续到现在，要用现在完成时态，其谓语动词形式为have/has+动词过去分词。故选C。 【点评】此题考查现在完成时，平时应多归纳总结各种时态，语态和句式的结构及用法。 2．All the skirts .They very well. A. sold out;are sold B. sell out;have sold C. have been sold out;sell D. have sold out;sell 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：所有的裙子都卖完了，他们非常畅销。第一空sell out“卖完”，强调裙子已经被卖完的状态，本句用现在完成时的被动语态：has/have+been+过去分词，sell 的过去分词为sold；第二空sell作“销售”解释时用主动语态，在此处表一直卖得很好的状态，用一般现在时。故选C。 【点评】本题考查一般现在时和现在完成时的被动语态，注意sell的不同语态和用法。 3．The volunteers ________ a lot of help to the old and the young since 2010． A. offered B. have offered C. are offering D. will offer 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】考查时态．句意"自2010以来，志愿者们向老人和青年提供了大量的帮助．"．A过去时．B现在完成时态．C现在进行时态．D一般将来时态．since+点时间通常用于现在完成时态，结构是have/has+动词的过去分词，主语是volunteers复数，用助动词have．offer的过去分词是offered．答案是B． 4．My father ____ in a panda protection center for 10 years, so he knows a lot about panda. A. was working B. is working C. has worked D. will work 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：我父亲在熊猫保护中心工作了10年，所以他对熊猫很了解。由句中的语句for 10 years 提示可知，此句要用现在完成时，主语my father，助动词要用has，故选C。 【点评】考查现在完成时的基本结构及用法，注意根据句子的时间状语判断时态。
现在完成时 一、定义：表示一个动作在过去发生并对现在产生影响 表示一个动作由过去发生持续到现在有可能停下，也有可能延续下去 表示一个动作从过去开始发生到目前为止已经发生多次。 二、构成：现在完成时是由“助动词have / has + 动词的过去分词”构成的， 其规则动词的过去分词构成与过去式相同，不规则动词的过去分词则需加强记忆。 如：I have just cleaned my clothes．我刚洗过衣服。 My brother has done his homework already. 我的弟弟已经做完他的作业了。 友情提示：在现在完成时的各种结构中，have, has均为助动词，无实际意义，只起构成时态的作用，不可省略。当主语是第三人称单数时助动词用has，其余人称一律用have。 过去分词 1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。 四点变化规则： (1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited (2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 live---lived---lived , (3)、以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词，将"y" 变为"i" ，再加“ ed ”。 study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried , play---played---played ,stay---stayed---stayed (4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped 2 、不规则动词： AAA型 原型过去式过去分词 burst burst burst cast cast cast cost cost cost cut cut cut hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt put put put set set set shut shut shut
现在完成时讲解与练习 1.构成现在完成时是由助动词 have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。它和 主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分词是主要的谓语动词，说明句子的意义。 2.用法 （1）表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。如： -Have you had lunch yet -Yes,I have. I've just had it.你（已经）吃午饭了吗我刚刚吃过。（现 在我不饿了） （2）表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等 表示一段时间的状语。\ 如：He has taught here since 1981他自1981年就在这儿教书。（可能还要继续教） I have't seen her for four years. 我有四年没见到她了。 3．结构 1）．陈述句结构：主语＋have( has)（not）+过去分词＋其它。have not=h aven’t has not=hasn’t. 2）．一般疑问句结构：Have( Has )＋主语＋过去分词＋其它 3）．特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋have(has) +主语+ 过去分词＋其它 eg. He has already finished his homework. He hasn’t finished his homework yet. Has he finished his homework yet --Yes, he has./ No, he hasn’t./ No, not yet. （3）表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice, ever, never, three times等时间状语。如： I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。 4.现在完成时的时间状语 （1）现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是，在强调动作产生的后果和影响时，可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。 a. 用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。如：We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。 They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。 b.用ever 和never。多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未“等。如 -Have you ever been to the Great Wall你曾经去过长城吗 -I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。 c.用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语，如just, before, up to now, the past few years等。例如： I have seen her before, but I can not remember where.我以前见过她，但记不起在哪里见过。 He has been there three times the last few years.近几年他去过那里三次了。 d.用包括“现在”在内的时间状语，如：now, today, this morning (month ,year, term)等。例如 -Have you met him today-No,I haven't.今天你见过他吗我没有。 How many times have you been there this year 今年你去过那里多少次 （2）现在完成时可以和带有since或for等表示“一段时间”的状语连用,表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始， 一直持续到现在。如：I haven't seen him for two years. 但是，像come, arrive, buy等终止性动词不能与 表示“一段时间”的状语连用。要用，必须改为“be（在）”等延续性动词来表述。现归纳总结一下由非延续性动 词到延续性动词的转换： arrive→be here begin(start)→be on die →be dead come back→be back leave →be away fall ill(sick,asleep)→be ill(sick,asleep) get up→be up go out → be out finish →be over put on →wear 或be on open →be open join →be in或 be a member of… close →be closed go to school→be a student borrow →keep buy →have catch(a cold)→ have(a cold) get to know →know begin to study→study come to work →work等 如：He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。
初中英语现在完成时态练习题 现在完成时态练习 一(写出下列动词的的过去式和过去分词 repair be hold begin hurt pay learn run leave send lose cut win catch understand move throw feel swim get sleep eat study sing take 二(用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. I_______ already _______ (see) the film. I _____ (see) it last week. 2. ----- _______ he ________(finish) his work ? ------Not yet. 3. The students (leave) school when the accident happened yesterday. 4. -----_______ you ever ________(eat ) chocolates? ----No, never. 5. --- I ___________ (see) the fil m “Chicken Run” last week.
--- Where ________ you _______ (see) it? 6. We (hold) a sports meeting next week. 7. Shanghai _______ (be) a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it __ _ (become) a large city. 8. I __________ (work) here since I __________ (move) here in 1999. 9. So far I ______________(make) quite a few friends here. 10. How long ___ __ the Smiths ____(stay)here? ---- For two weeks. 11. What he (do) at 8:00 last night? 12. Mum (cook) when I got home yesterday. 13. I ____________ (not want) to see the film. I ___________ (see) it with my parents. We _________ (see) it last Sunday. 14. The teacher told us that the earth (travel) around the sun. 15. __ ____ you ____ ___ (read) today’s newspaper yet? 16. They _ _ ___already___ __(do) their homework. 17.--- Where is Jim?--- He ___ __ (water) the flowers in the garden. 18. She ____________ (be) ill for three days. I’m sorry to heat that. 19. A squirrel (hide) itself if it (feel) dangerous. 20.---What Tom (do) now? ---He (work) on a maths problem. --- He (work) it out? ---No, not yet. I (think) he (work) it out soon. 21. --- I (hear) a lot about Hong Kong Disneyland recently. --- Next time you go to Hong Kong, I will take you there.
（英语）英语现在完成时提高训练 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．This museum here for over 80 years. It one of the oldest buildings in this city. A. is; was B. had been; is C. was; has been D. has been; is 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】考查动词的时态。句意：博物馆在这儿有八十多年了。它是这座城市最古老的建筑之一。前句表示从过去一直延续到现在的状态，用现在完成时态；后句表示的是现在的状态，用一般现在时态。故选D。 2．The volunteers ________ a lot of help to the old and the young since 2010． A. offered B. have offered C. are offering D. will offer 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】考查时态．句意"自2010以来，志愿者们向老人和青年提供了大量的帮助．"．A过去时．B现在完成时态．C现在进行时态．D一般将来时态．since+点时间通常用于现在完成时态，结构是have/has+动词的过去分词，主语是volunteers复数，用助动词have．offer的过去分词是offered．答案是B． 3．My father ____ in a panda protection center for 10 years, so he knows a lot about panda. A. was working B. is working C. has worked D. will work 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：我父亲在熊猫保护中心工作了10年，所以他对熊猫很了解。由句中的语句for 10 years 提示可知，此句要用现在完成时，主语my father，助动词要用has，故选C。 【点评】考查现在完成时的基本结构及用法，注意根据句子的时间状语判断时态。 4．—The drama series The Thunder （破冰行动） hits screens these days. —Oh. What a pity! I ____________ any of them yet, A. doesn't watch B. didn't watch C. won't watch D. haven't watched 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：——连续剧《破冰行动》这些天正在霸屏。——哦。真遗憾！我任何一集也没有看过。根据Oh. What a pity!可知我没有看过。过去的动作对现在造成的影响和 yet也，常和现在完成时的否定结构连用，可知此处用现在完成时。故选D。 【点评】此题考查现在完成时。注意yet常和现在完成时连用。
语法专项二十三——现在完成时 一、过去分词 1、概念：过去分词是分词的一种。规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加ed构成，不规则动词的过去分词见不规则动 词表。 2、过去分词变化规则： 规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则： 。（然而要注意的是，过去分词并不是过去式） (1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed ” work---worked---worked,visit---visited---visited 。 结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d ” (2)以不发音的“e” live---lived---lived (3)以“辅音字母+ y ” 。 结尾的动词，将"y" 变为"i" ，再加“ed ” study---studied---studied,cry---cried---cried,try---tried---tried,fry---fried---fried. 。 (4)重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ” stop---stopped---stopped,drop---dropped--dropped 不规则动词，见不规则表 （1）AAA型：即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。（共8个 cost—cost—cost cut—cut—cut hit—hit—hit hurt—hurt—hurt let—let—let put—put—put read—read—read set-set-set （2）ABB型：过去式、过去分词相同。（共42个） 1）．过去式和过去分词都含有-ought。（4个） bring—brought—brought buy—bought—bought think—thought—thought fight—fought—fought 2）．词尾有-ild，-end时，只需把d变为t。（4个） build—built—built lend—lent— lent send—sent—sent spend—spent— spent 3）．过去式、过去分词都含有-aught。（2个） catch—caught—caught teach—taught—taught 4）．把-eep、-eel变为-ept、-elt。（4个） keep—kept—kept sleep—slept—slept sweep— swept—swept feel—felt— felt 5）．把-ell变为-old。（2个） tell—told—told sell—sold—sold 6）．把-ell、-ill变为-elt或-ilt。（2个） smell—smelt—smelt spell—spelt—spelt 7）．把-eed、-ead、-eet变为-ed或-et。（3个） feed—fed—fed lead—led—led meet—met—met 8）．过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。（4个） learn—learnt—learnt mean—meant—meant burn—burnt—burnt dream—dreamt—dreamt 9）．过去式、过去分词词尾去y变-id（4个） say—said—said pay—paid—paid lay—laid—laid hear—heard—heard 10）．改变元音字母。（9个） meet—met—met feed—fed—fed get—got—got sit—sat—sat find—found—found hold—held—held win—won—won lose—lost—lost stick—stuck—stuck 11）．改变辅音字母。（4个） make—made—made build—built—built send—sent—sent spend—spent—spent 12）．改变元、辅音字母。（4个） leave—left—left stand—stood—stood have/has—had—had understand—understood—understood
一、现在完成时的构成 现在完成时态讲解及练习 肯定句：主语+have/ has + done (过去分词)+其它 He has lived in Shenzhen for 4 years. 一般疑问句：Have/ Has +主语+ done (过去分词)+其它 Has he lived in Shenzhen for 4 years? 否定句: 主语+have/ has+ not + done (过去分词)+其它 He has not finished his homework. 过去分词的构成方法如下: 1.一般情况下，直接在动词原形后面加–ed. work---worked answer---answered obey---obeyed want---wanted 2.以不发音的-e 结尾的动词只加–d. Move---moved hope---hoped divide---divided 3.字尾是辅音+y 的动词。则将y 改i 加ed. study---studied tidy---tidied satisfy---satisfied 4.以重读闭音节结尾的词，这些词的末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写这个辅音字母，再加–ed. stop---stopped regret--- regretted drop---dropped 不规则动词过去式与过去分词分类记忆表 一、AAA. （原形，过去式和过去分词一致） 二、ABB（过去式和过去分词一致） 3)过去式、过去分词-t 替换原形-d 6）过去式、过去分词改为-elt
recently; recent years; these days/ years; lately; since; for+时间段；in the past few years; ever since; in the last five months; up to now; since then; so far; ever; never, yet; once; twice; already; before; just already (已经): 用于肯定句 I have already posted the letter . yet(已经): 用于否定句,疑问句 He hasn’t done his homework yet. just(刚刚)
语法探知：现在完成时态 一、掌握结构：助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词 二、掌握用法： 1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与一些时间状语，如:already, yet, ever, never, just, before, once, twice （次数）等连用，也可以和包括现在在内的时间状语，如these days, today, recently, this year, so far(=by now)等连用. e.g. I have already posted the letter. (信已经不在我这儿了) 2.表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,一直持续到现在,也许还将继续下去,可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间的状语连用,即for +时间段，since+时间点/从句, in(during) the last(past) ten years等，谓语只可用延续性动词。 我们知道英语动词根据词义可分为两种,一种是延续性的，一种是终止性的，终止性动词(也可称为非延续性动词,瞬间动词,或短暂性动词),如begin, start, die, buy, leave, come等,表示动作在一瞬间之内就能完成,不能再延续,所以它的现在完成时不能和表示延续的时间状语连用,即不能与表示一段时间的状语,for+段时间，since+点时间/从句连用,也不能用在how long引导的特殊疑问句中。（但在否定句中短暂性动词可以与for和since短语连用。） 如：They’ve left London for five days. (×) They’ve been away from London for five days. (√) 三、掌握短暂性动词如何转换成延续性动词 常见短暂性动词与延续性动词的对应关系如下: come/go/arrive/get/reach/move—be in/at open—be open die—be dead close—be closed become—be borrow—keep begin/start—be on put on—wear leave—-be away (from) buy—have fall asleep(ill)—be asleep(ill) end/finish—-be over catch a cold—have a cold join the army—be in the army/ be a soldier join the Party—be in the Party/ be a Party member get to do —do (get to know—know) get married —be married get up —be up begin to do —do (begin to study—study)
中考九年级英语现在完成时-知识点归纳与练习 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．A number of tourists _____ Yangzhou many times because such a beautiful city. A. have been to B. has been to C. has gone to D. have gone to 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：很多游客多次去过扬州，因为它是如此美丽的一个城市。have been to，表示去过某个地方，have gone to，表示去了某地，还没回来。many times是很多次，游客们应该是去过很多次，用have/has been to+地点，由于主语是复数，助动词用have，故选A。 【点评】考查现在完成时，注意have been to表示去过回来了，have gone to表示去了还没回来。 2．—Where is your father? — . A. He has been to Shanghai B. He has been in Shanghai C. He has gone to Shanghai D. He have been to Shanghai 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：－你的父亲在哪儿？－他去上海了。Have been to去过某地（已回）；have been in在……；have gone to去了某地（未回）。本题中父亲是人们在找的人，所以是去了某地，还没回来，用have gone to。主语he是三人称单数，用has gone to。故选C。 【点评】本题考查现在完成时。以及Have been to；have been in；have gone to三个短语的词义和用法。 3．Nancy for five years. A. was dying B. has died C. died D. has been dead 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：南西去世五年了。A. was dying过去进行时态；B. has died现在完成时态；C. died一般过去时态； D. has been dead现在完成时态。句子强调的是过去开始的动作或状态一直延续到现在，句子用现在完成时态；die是一个非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语for…连用，用成be dead。故选D。 【点评】本题考查时态辨析。某人去世了多少年就用延续性动词的现在完成时，has been dead。 4．—Where is Catherine? I haven't seen her for days. —She Wuhan. She'll be back next week. A. has gone to B. has been to C. have gone to D. have been to 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：——Catherine在哪里？我好几天没见她。——她已经去武汉了。
现在完成时态讲解及练习 一、现在完成时的构成 肯定句：主语+have/ has + done (过去分词)+其它 He has lived in Shenzhen for 4 years. 一般疑问句：Have/ Has +主语+ done (过去分词)+其它 Has he lived in Shenzhen for 4 years? 否定句: 主语+have/ has+ not + done (过去分词)+其它 He has not finished his homework. 过去分词的构成方法如下 : 1.一般情况下，直接在动词原形后面加 –ed. work---worked answer---answered obey---obeyed want---wanted 2.以不发音的 -e 结尾的动词只加 –d. Move---moved hope---hoped divide---divided 3.字尾是辅音+y 的动词。则将y 改i 加ed. study---studied tidy---tidied satisfy---satisfied 4.以重读闭音节结尾的词，这些词的末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写这个辅音字母，再加 –ed. stop---stopped regret--- regretted drop---dropped 不规则动词过去式与过去分词分类记忆表 一、AAA. （原形，过去式和过去分词一致） 二、ABB （过去式和过去分词一致） 3) 过去式、过去分词-t 替换原形-d 6） 过去式、过去分词改为-elt
二、现在完成时标志词： recently; recent years; these days/ years; lately; since; for+时间段；in the past few years; ever since; in the last five months; up to now; since then; so far; ever; never, yet; once; twice; already; before; just already (已经): 用于肯定句 I have already posted the letter . yet(已经): 用于否定句,疑问句 He hasn’t done his homework yet. just(刚刚)
、定义：表示一个动作在过去发生并对现在产生影响表示一个动作由过去发生持续到现在有可能停下，也有可能延续下去表示一个动作从过去开始发生到目前为止已经发生多次。 、构成：现在完成时是由“助动词have / has + 动词的过去分词”构成的，其规则动词的过去分词构成与过去式相同，不规则动词的过去分词则需加强记忆。如：I have just cleaned my clothes ．我刚洗过衣服。 My brother has done his homework already. 我的弟弟已经做完他的作业了。友情提示：在现在完成时的各种结构中，have, has 均为助动词，无实际意义，只起构成时态的作用，不可省略。当主语是第三人称单数时助动词用has ，其余人称一律用have 。 过去分词 1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则： (1) 、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited (2) 、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 live---lived---lived , (3) 、以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词，将"y" 变为"i" ，再加“ ed ”。 study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried , play---played---played ,stay---stayed---stayed (4) 、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped 2 、不规则动词： AAA型 原型过去式过去分词 burst burst burst cast cast cast cost cost cost cut cut cut hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt put put put set set set shut shut shut spread spread spread let let let
人教版英语英语现在完成时形式讲解及答案 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．—How many letters you to your mother? —109 in all, since 2016. A. has, written B. have, written C. did, write D. are, writing 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——你给你妈写了多少封信？——从2016年起，总共109封。句中since 2016是现在完成时态常用的时间状语，其结构是主语+have/has+动词过去分词，且主语是you，则应填写have written，故答案选B。 【点评】考查动词的时态。注意现在完成时的用法。 2．—Do you still play basketball? —Oh, no. I ____ it for the past two years. A. haven't played B. didn't play C. won't play D. hadn't played 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：——你还打篮球吗？——哦，不了。我已经有两年没有打过了。根据句中的for the last two years可知应与完成时态连用，又有时间是the last two years可知是从现在往前两年，因此应使用现在完成时态，故选A。 【点评】考查动词时态中的for+段时间与完成时态连用，根据时间确定是现在完成还是过去完成。 3．The tall building here for 100 years. A. is B. was C. has been D. is been 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】那幢高楼在这里已经有100年了。根据for 100 years可知“高楼在这里”是过去发生的动作一直持续到现在，要用现在完成时态，其谓语动词形式为have/has+动词过去分词。故选C。 【点评】此题考查现在完成时，平时应多归纳总结各种时态，语态和句式的结构及用法。 4．— Hobo and Eddie the cinema to watch the film Zootopia. — Oh, that's why I can't find them now. A. have gone to B. have been to C. has gone to D. has been to 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】考查主谓一致。句意：——侯博和埃迪去了电影院看电影《疯狂动物城》。——哦，这就是为什么我现在找不到他们的原因。have gone to去了；been to去过。Hobo and Eddie作主语，谓语动词要用复数形式。所以选A。
（英语）初中英语现在完成时解题技巧及练习题 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．All members_______ are admitted to the auditorium. A. have got the tickets B. that had got the tickets C. that have got the tickets D. had got the tickets 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：所有得到票的成员都被允许进入了观众席。根据题意可知，本句为定语从句，且从句中缺少主语，需要用 that或 who引导，且不可省略，所以排除A 和D。票已经拿到了，因此用完成时，根据 are 可知，用现在完成时，have got，故选C。【点评】考查定语从句和时态，注意tha引导从句的用法。 2．I ________ an invitation to the concert. I can't wait to go. A. receive B. will receive C. was receiving D. have received 【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意：我已经收到音乐会的邀请，我等不及要去了。由句意得知我已经收到去音乐会的邀请函，动作已完成造成的影响是我等不及要去，要用现在完成时，故答案选D。 【点评】考查动词时态。根据题目所给语境推断出应使用的时态。 3．All the skirts .They very well. A. sold out;are sold B. sell out;have sold C. have been sold out;sell D. have sold out;sell 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：所有的裙子都卖完了，他们非常畅销。第一空sell out“卖完”，强调裙子已经被卖完的状态，本句用现在完成时的被动语态：has/have+been+过去分词，sell 的过去分词为sold；第二空sell作“销售”解释时用主动语态，在此处表一直卖得很好的状态，用一般现在时。故选C。 【点评】本题考查一般现在时和现在完成时的被动语态，注意sell的不同语态和用法。 4．My parents for twenty years by the time I was 15. A. married B. had married C. had been married D. had got married 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】for twenty years“二十年”．为表一段时间的状语，要求谓语动词具有持续性。而在所给选项中，只有be married表示结婚状态，具有延续性，故选C。 【点评】本题考查非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换。
【英语】高三英语现在完成时解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案) 一、单项选择现在完成时 1．―What do you think of our hometown? ―Very beautiful. You know it is the first time that I _______ here. A．will be B．was C．have been D．had been 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：考查固定句型中的时态。固定句型：it is/was 序数词time that sb…这是第几次某人做某事的时候了；如果前面是is，后面使用现在完成时；如果前面是was,后面使用过去完成时；本题前面是is，故使用现在完成时。句意：—你认为我们国家怎么样？—发出漂亮。你知道这是我第一次来到这里。故C正确。 考点：考查固定句型中的时态。 点评：固定句型：it is/was 序数词time that sb…这是第几次某人做某事的时候了；如果前面是is，后面使用现在完成时；如果前面是was,后面使用过去完成时； 2．It is the fourth time that Tom ______ in the maths exams. A．failed B．has failed C．had failed D．have failed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查固定句式中的时态。固定句式：It is/was the+序数词+that 从句；句意：这是某人第几次做某事的时候了。如果前面是is，后面使用现在完成时；如果前面是was，后面使用过去完成时。本题前面是is，故使用现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数，故Ｂ正确。句意：这是这个星期里他第四次打电话给你了。 【点睛】 固定句式：It is/was the+序数词+that 从句；句意：这是某人第几次做某事的时候了。如果前面是is，后面使用现在完成时；如果前面是was，后面使用过去完成时。（1）It is the first time that I have come to the Great Wall. 这是我第一次到长城去。（2）It was the first time that he had visited the Great Wall.那是他第一次参观长城。 3．— Would you care for a cup of tea? It tastes pretty good. — I one. Thank you just the same.
现在完成时The Present Perfect Tense 一.Form: 1.肯定句: S (主语)+have/has+PP(过去分词) 2. 否定句: S (主语)+have/has+not +PP(过去分词) 3.疑问句 Have/has+ S (主语)+PP(过去分词)? Yes, S+have/has. No,S+have/hasn?t. 助动词have和has可前面的主语缩略为?ve, …s.如they?ve, we?ve, he?s, it?s; has not=hasn?t have not=haven’t 二、过去分词的构成 1.+ed work, plant,call 2.e+d live, change, like, love, agree, save, hate, move, arrive,,skate, hope, use 3.以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的双写＋ed. 如：plan, stop, drop, fit(适合), prefer(更喜欢), travel ４。以辅音字母＋y，结尾，变y为i＋ed try, study, carry, hurry, cry, worry, copy 三，用法： 1．表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与以下词连用，already, yet, just, now, 例如： I have just cleaned my clothes. 我刚洗过衣服。 （“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”） already(“已经”，用在肯定句) I have already finished my homework. yet （“已经”,用在疑问句;“还”用在否定句） Has he finished his homework yet? She hasn?t finished her homework yet. just(“刚刚”，用在肯定句) We have just finished our homework. now(现在) I have had my breakfast now. 2. 表示说话前发生过一次或多次，而现在已成为经历或经验的动作或状态，常与以下词连用。 ever(“曾经”，用在疑问句中) Have you ever been to Hong Kong? never(“从未” 表示否定) I?ve never been there. before(以前) He has seen her before. once(“曾经”“一次，用在肯定句),twice, three times… She has been there once. 3.表示动作从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和表示一段的时间状语