2012考研英语基础阶段测试题及答案
万学海文
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Section I Vocabulary and Structure
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (20 points)
Example:
I have been to the Great Wall three times ________ 1979.
[A] from
[B] after
[C] for
[D] since
The sentence should read, “I have been to the Great Wall three times since 1979.” Therefore, you should choose [D].
1. I worked so late in the office last night that I hardly had time ___b_____ the last bus.
[A] to have caught [B] to catch
[C] catching [D] having caught
2. As it turned out to be a small house party, we _____d___ so formally.
[A] needn’t dress up [B] did not need have dressed up
[C] did not need dress up [D] needn’t have dressed up
3. I apologize if I ____d____ you, but I assure you it was unintentional.
[A] offend [B] had offended
[C] should have offended [D] might have offended
4. Although a teenager, Fred could resist ___a_____ what to do and what not to do.
[A] to be told [B] having been told
[C] being told [D] to have been told(C)
5. Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage ___c_____ avoided.
[A] is to be [B] can be
[C] will be [D] has been
6. Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true ___d_____ it comes to classroom tests.
[A] before [B] as
[C] since [D] when
7. There are over 100 night schools in the city, making it possible for a professional to be re-educated no matter _____c___ he does.
[A] how [B] where
[C] what [D] when
8. I’ve kept up a friendship with a girl whom I was at school _____d___ twenty years ago.
[A] about [B] since
[C] till [D] with
9. He wasn’t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, _______ insufficiently popular with all members.
[A] being considered [B] considering
[C] to be considered [D] having considered
10.________ for the timely investment from the general public, our company would not be so thriving as it is.
[A] Had it not been [B] Were it not
[C] Be it not [D] Should it not be
11. Please ________ yourself from smoking and spitting in public places, since the law
forbids them.
[A] restrain [B] hinder
[C] restrict [D] prohibit
12. Without telephone it would be impossible to carry on the functions of ________ every business operation in the whole country.
[A] practically [B] preferably
[C] precisely [D] presumably(A)
13. Preliminary estimation puts the figure at around $110 billion, ________ the $160 billion the President is struggling to get through the Congress.
[A] in proportion to [B] in reply to
[C] in relation to [D] in contrast to
14. He is planning another tour abroad, yet his passport will ________ at the end of this month.
[A] expire [B] exceed
[C] terminate [D] cease
15. All the off-shore oil explorers were in high spirits as they read ________ letters from their families.
[A] sentimental [B] affectionate
[C] intimate [D] sensitive
16. Several international events in the early 1990s seem likely to ________, or at least weaken, the trends that emerged in the 1980s.
[A] revolt [B] revolve
[C] reverse [D] revive
17. I was unaware of the critical points involved, so my choice was quite ________.
[A] arbitrary [B] rational
[C] mechanical [D] unpredictable
18. The local people were joyfully surprised to find the price of vegetables no longer ________ according to the weather.
[A] altered [B] converted
[C] fluctuated [D] modified
19. The pursuit of leisure on the part of the employees will certainly not ________ their prospect of promotion.
[A] spur [B] further
[C] induce [D] reinforce
20. In what ________ to a last minute stay of execution, a council announced that emergency funding would keep alive two aging satellites.
[A] applies [B] accounts
[C] attaches [D] amounts
Section II Cloze Test
Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C], [D]. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)
Until recently most historians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution. They __21__ that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the __22__ man. But they insisted that its __23__ results during the period from 1750 to 1850 were widespread
poverty and misery for the __24__ of the English population. _25__ contrast, they saw in the preceding hundred years from 1650 to 1750, when England was still a __26__ agricultural country, a period of great abundance and prosperity.
This view, __27__, is generally thought to be wrong. Specialists __28__ history and economics, have __29__ two things: that the period from 1650 to 1750 was __30__ by great poverty, and that industrialization certainly did not worsen and may have actually improved the conditions for the majority of the populace.
21. [A]admitted [B]believed [C] claimed [D] predicted
22. [A] plain [B] average [C] mean [D] normal
23. [A]momentary [B] prompt [C] instant [D]immediate
24. [A] bulk [B] host [C] gross [D] magnitude
25. [A] On [B] With [C] For [D] By
26. [A] broadly [B]thoroughly [C]generally [D]completely
27. [A] however [B]meanwhile [C] therefore [D] moreover
28. [A] at [B] in [C] about [D] for
29. [A]manifested [B]approved [C] shown [D] speculated
30. [A] noted [B] impressed [C] labeled [D] marked
Section III Reading Comprehension
Directions: Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (40 points)
Text 1
Few creations of big technology capture the imagination like giant dams. P erhaps it is humankind’s long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the idea of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascinating. But to be fascinated is also, sometimes, to be blind. Several giant dam projects threaten to do more harm than good.
The lesson from dams is that big is not always beautiful. It doesn’t help that building a big, powerful dam has become a symbol of achievement for nations and people striving to assert themselves. Egypt’s leadership in the Arab world was cemented by the Aswan High Dam. Turkey’s bid for First World status includes the giant Ataturk Dam.
But big dams tend not to work as intended. The Aswan Dam, for example, stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left—all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.
And yet, the myth of controlling the waters persists. This week, in the heart of civilized Europe, Slovaks and Hungarians stopped just short of sending in the troops in their contention over a dam on the Danube. The huge complex will probably have all the usual problems of big dams. But Slovakia is bidding for independence from the Czechs, and now needs a dam to prove itself.
Meanwhile, in India, the World Bank has given the go-ahead to the even more wrong-headed Narmada Dam. And the bank has done this even though its advisors say the dam will cause hardship for the powerless and environmental destruction. The benefits are for the powerful, but they are far from guaranteed.
Proper, scientific study of the impacts of dams and of the cost and benefits of controlling water can help to resolve these conflicts. Hydroelectric power and flood control and irrigation are possible without building monster dams. But when you are dealing with myths, it is hard to be either proper, or scientific. It is time that the world learned the lessons of Aswan. You don’t need a dam to be saved.
31. The third sentence of paragraph 1 implies that ________.
[A] people would be happy if they shut their eyes to reality
[B] the blind could be happier than the sighted
[C] over-excited people tend to neglect vital things(C)
[D] fascination makes people lose their eyesight
32. In paragraph 5, “the powerless” probably refers to ________.
[A] areas short of electricity
[B] dams without power stations
[C] poor countries around India(D)
[D] common people in the Narmada Dam area
33. What is the myth concerning giant dams?
[A] They bring in more fertile soil.
[B] They help defend the country.
[C] They strengthen international ties.(D)
[D] They have universal control of the waters.
34. What the author tries to suggest may best be interpreted as ________.
[A] “It’s no use crying over spilt milk”
[B] “More haste, less speed”
[C] “Look before you leap”(C)
[D] “He who laughs last laughs best”
Text 2
Well, no gain without pain, they say. But what about pain without gain? Everywhere you go in America, you hear tales of corporate revival. What is harder to establish is whether the productivity revolution that businessmen assume they are presiding over is for real.
The official statistics are mildly discouraging. They show that, if you lump manufacturing and services together, productivity has grown on average by 1.2% since 1987. That is somewhat faster than the average during the previous decade. And since 1991, productivity has increased by about 2% a year, which is more than twice the 1978-1987 average. The trouble is that part of the recent acceleration is due to the usual rebound that occurs at this point in a business cycle, and so is not conclusive evidence of a revival in the underlying trend. There is, as Robert Rubin, the treasury secretary, says, a “disjunction” between the mass of business anecdote that points to a leap in productivity and the picture reflected by the statistics.
Some of this can be easily explained. New ways of organizing the workplace—all that re-engineering and downsizing—are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training. Moreover, most of the changes that companies make are intended to keep them profitable, and this need not always mean increasing productivity: switching to new markets or improving quality can matter just as much.
Two other explanations are more speculative. First, some of the business restructuring of recent years may have been ineptly done. Second, even if it was well done, it may have spread much less widely than people suppose.
Leonard Schlesinger, a Harvard academic and former chief executive of Au Bong Pain, a rapidly growing chain of bakery cafes, says that much “re-engineering” has been crude. In many cases, he believes, the loss of revenue has been greater than the reductions in cost. His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied re-engineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long term profitability. BBDO’s Al Rosenshine is blunter. He dismisses a lot of the work of re-engineering consultants as mere rubbish—“the worst sort of ambulance cashing.”
35. According to the author, the American economic situation is ________.
[A] not as good as it seems
[B] at its turning point
[C] much better than it seems(A)
[D] near to complete recovery
36. The official statistics on productivity growth ________.
[A] exclude the usual rebound in a business cycle
[B] fall short of businessmen’s anticipation
[C] meet the expectation of business people(B)
[D] fail to reflect the true state of economy
37. The author raises the question “what about pain without gain?” because ________.
[A] he questions the truth of “no gain without pain”
[B] he does not think the productivity revolution works
[C] he wonders if the official statistics are misleading(B)
[D] he has conclusive evidence for the revival of businesses
38. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?
[A] Radical reforms are essential for the increase of productivity.
[B] New ways of organizing workplaces may help to increase productivity.
[C] The reduction of costs is not a sure way to gain long term profitability.(A)
[D] The consultants are a bunch of good-for-nothings.
Text 3
Science has long had an uneasy relationship with other aspects of culture. Think of Gallileo’s 17th-century trial for his rebelling belief before the Catholic Church or poet William Blake’s harsh remarks against the mechanistic worldview of Isaac Newton. The schism between science and the humanities has, if anything, deepened in this century.
Until recently, the scientific community was so powerful that it could afford to ignore its critics—but no longer. As funding for science has declined, scientists have attacked “anti-science” in several books, notably Higher Superstition, by Paul R. Gross, a biologist at the University of Virginia, and Norman Levitt, a mathematician at Rutgers University; and The Demon-Haunted World, by Carl Sagan of Cornell University.
Defenders of science have also voiced their concerns at meetings such as “The Flight from Science and Reason,” held in New York City in 1995, and “Science in the Age of (Mis) information,” which assembled last June near Buffalo.
Anti-science clearly means different things to different people. Gross and Levitt find fault primarily with sociologists, philosophers and
other academics who have questioned science’s objectivity. Sagan is more concerned with those who believe in ghosts, creationism and other phenomena that contradict the scientific worldview.
A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the anti-science tag has been attached to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.
Few would dispute that the term applies to the Unabomber, whose manifesto, published in 1995, scorns science and longs for return to a pre-technological utopia. But surely that does not mean environmentalists concerned about uncontrolled industrial growth are anti-science, as an essay in US News & World Report last May seemed to suggest.
The environmentalists, inevitably, respond to such critics. The true enemies of science, argues Paul Ehrlich of Stanford University, a pioneer of environmental studies, are those who question the evidence supporting global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth.
Indeed, some observers fear that the anti-science epithet is in danger of becoming meaningless. “The term ‘anti-science’ can lump together too many, quite different things,” notes Harvard University philosopher Gerald Holton in his 1993 work Science and Anti-Science. “They have in common only one thing that they tend to annoy or threaten those who regard themselves as more enlig htened.”
39. The word “schism” (Line 3, Paragraph 1) in the context probably means ________.
[A] confrontation
[B] dissatisfaction
[C] separation(C)
[D] contempt
40. Paragraphs 2 and 3 are written to ________.
[A] discuss the cause of the dec line of science’s power
[B] show the author’s sympathy with scientists
[C] explain the way in which science develops(D)
[D] exemplify the division of science and the humanities
41. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
[A] Environmentalists were blamed for anti-science in an essay.
[B] Politicians are not subject to the labeling of anti-science.
[C] The “more enlightened” tend to tag others as anti-science.(A)
[D] Tagging environmentalists as “anti-science” is justifiable.
42. The author’s attitude toward the issue of “science vs.
anti-science” is ________.
[A] impartial
[B] subjective
[C] biased(A)
[D] puzzling
Text 4
Emerging from the 1980 census is the picture of a nation developing more and more regional competition, as population growth in the Northeast and Midwest reaches a near standstill.
This development—and its strong implications for US politics and economy in years ahead—has enthroned the South as America’s most densely populated region for the fi rst time in the history of the nation’s head counting.
Altogether, the US population rose in the 1970s by 23.2 million people—numerically the third largest growth ever recorded in a single decade. Even so, that gain adds up to only 11.4 percent, lowest in American annual records except for the Depression years.
Americans have been migrating south and west in larger number since World War II, and the pattern still prevails.
Three sun-belt states—Florida, Texas and California—together had nearly 10 million more people in 1980 than a decade earlier. Among large cities, San Diego moved from 14th to 8th and San Antonio from 15th to 10th —with Cleveland and Washington. D. C. dropping out of the top 10.
Not all that shift can be attributed to the movement out of the snow belt, census officials say, Nonstop waves of immigrants played a role, too—and so did bigger crops of babies as yesterday’s “baby boom” generation reached its child bearing years.
Moreover, demographers see the continuing shift south and west as joined by a related but newer phenomenon: More and more, Americans apparently are looking not just for places with more jobs but with fewer people, too. Some instances—
l Regionally, the Rocky Mountain states reported the most rapid growth rate—37.1 percent since 1970 in a vast area with only 5 percent of the US population.
l Among states, Nevada and Arizona grew fastest of all: 63.5 and 53.1 percent respectively. Except for Florida and Texas, the top 10 in rate of growth is composed of Western states with 7.5 million people—about 9 per square mile.
The flight from overcrowdedness affects the migration from snow belt to more bearable climates.
Nowhere do 1980 census statistics dramatize more the American search for spacious living than in the Far West. There, California added 3.7 million to its population in the 1970s, more than any other state.
In that decade, however, large numbers also migrated from California, mostly to other parts of the West. Often they chose—and still are choosing—somewhat colder climates such as Oregon, Idaho and Alaska in order to escape smog, crime and other plagues of urbanization in the Golden State.
As a result, California’s growth rate dropped during the 1970s, to 18.5 percent—little more than two thirds the 1960s’ growth figure and considerably below that of other Western states.
43. Discerned from the perplexing picture of population growth the 1980 census provided, America in 1970s ________.
[A] enjoyed the lowest net growth of population in history
[B] witnessed a southwestern shift of population
[C] underwent an unparalleled period of population growth(B)
[D] brought to a standstill its pattern of migration since World War II
44. The census distinguished itself from previous studies on population movement in that ________.
[A] it stresses the climatic influence on population distribution
[B] it highlights the contribution of continuous waves of immigrants
[C] it reveals the Americans’ new pursuit of spacious living(C)
[D] it elaborates the delayed effects of yesterday’s “baby boom”
45. We can see from the available statistics that ________.
[A] California was once the most thinly populated area in the whole US
[B] the top 10 states in growth rate of population were all located in the West
[C] cities with better climates benefited unanimously from migration(D)
[D] Arizona ranked second of all states in its growth rate of population
46. The word “demographers” (Line 1, Paragraph 8) most probably means ________.
[A] people in favor of the trend of democracy
[B] advocates of migration between states
[C] scientists engaged in the study of population(C)
[D] conservatives clinging to old patterns of life
Text 5
Scattered around the globe are more than 100 small regions of isolated volcanic activity known to geologists as hot spots. Unlike most of the world’s volcanoes, they are not always found at the boundaries of the great drifting plates that make up the earth’s surface; on the contrary, many of them lie deep in the interior of a plate. Most of the hot spots
move only slowly, and in some cases the movement of the plates past them has left trails of dead volcanoes. The hot spots and their volcanic trails are milestones that mark the passage of the plates.
That the plates are moving is now beyond dispute. Africa and South America, for example, are moving away from each other as new material is injected into the sea floor between them. The complementary coastlines and certain geological features that seem to span the ocean are reminders of where the two continents were once joined. The relative motion of the plates carrying these continents has been constructed in detail, but the motion of one plate with respect to another cannot readily be translated into motion with respect t o the earth’s interior. It is not possible to determine whether both continents are moving in opposite directions or whether one continent is stationary and the other is drifting away from it. Hot spots, anchored in the deeper layers of the earth, provide the measuring instruments needed to resolve the question. From an analysis of the hot-spot population it appears that the African plate is stationary and that it has not moved during the past 30 million years.
The significance of hot spots is not confined to their role as a frame of reference. It now appears that they also have an important influence on the geophysical processes that propel the plates across the globe. When a continental plate comes to rest over a hot spot, the material rising from deeper layers creates a broad dome. As the dome grows, it develops deep fissures (cracks); in at least a few cases the continent may break entirely along some of these fissures, so that the hot spot initiates the formation of a new ocean. Thus just as earlier theories have explained the mobility of the continents, so hot spots may explain their mutability (inconstancy).
47. The author believes that ________.
[A] the motion of the plates corresponds to that of the earth’s interior
[B] the geological theory about drifting plates has been proved to be true
[C] the hot spots and the plates move slowly in opposite directions(B)
[D] the movement of hot spots proves the continents are moving apart
48. That Africa and South America were once joined can be deduced from the fact that ________.
[A] the two continents are still moving in opposite directions
[B] they have been found to share certain geological features
[C] the African plates has been stable for 30 million years(B)
[D] over 100 hot spots are scattered all around the globe
49. The hot spot theory may prove useful in explaining ________.
[A] the structure of the African plates
[B] the revival of dead volcanoes
[C] the mobility of the continents(D)
[D] the formation of new oceans
50. The passage is mainly about ________.
[A] the features of volcanic activities
[B] the importance of the theory about drifting plates
[C] the significance of hot spots in geophysical studies(C)
[D] the process of the formation of volcanoes
Section IV English-Chinese Translation
Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)
They were, by far, the largest and most distant objects that scientists had ever detected: a strip of enormous cosmic clouds some 15 billion light-years from earth. 51) But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago. That was just about the moment that the universe was born. What the researchers found was at once both amazing and expected: the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Cosmic B ackground Explorer satellite—Cobe—had discovered landmark evidence that the universe did in fact begin with the primeval explosion that has become known as the Big Bang (the theory that the universe originated in an explosion from a single mass of energy).
52) The existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang, first put forward in the 1920s, to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos. According the theory, the universe burst into being as a submicroscopic, unimaginable dense knot of pure energy that flew outward in all directions, emitting radiation as it went, condensing into particles and then into atoms of gas. Over billions of years, the gas was compressed by gravity into galaxies, stars, plants and eventually, even humans.
Cobe is designed to see just the biggest structures, but astronomers would like to see much smaller hot spots as well, the seeds of local objects like clusters and superclusters of galaxies. They shouldn’t have long to wait. 53) Astrophysicists working with ground-based detectors at the South Pole and balloon-borne instruments are closing in on such structures, and may report their findings soon.
54) If the small hot spots look as expected, that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea, a refinement of the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory. Inflation says that very early on, the universe expanded in size by more than a trillion fold in much less than a second, propelled by a sort of antigravity. 55) Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true.
Section V Writing
56. Directions:
1..Section A基础练习参考答案 一、1. exercises 2. program 3. active 4. result 5. about / around 二、1. skateboarding 2. Twice 3. activity / activities 4. interesting 5. shops 三、1—5 CABBC 四、1. surfs the Internet 2. As for, hardly ever 3. once or twice 4. The result of 5. never does homework 五、1. What, do 2. How often does 3. doesn’t do 4. What, like watching 5. How often Section B基础练习参考答案 二、1. healthy 2. to drink 3. interviewer 4. better 5. differences 三、1—5CBAAD 6—10CCBCD 四、1. come home from 2. a lot of 3. Of course 4. look after 5. got good grades 五、1. Does, go 2. may be 3. look different from 4. How many, sleep 5. favorite, is Self Check基础练习参考答案 一、1. gets 2. to join 3. helps 4. does, do 5. shopping 6. is 7. listen 8. playing 9. (to) wash 10. doesn’t have 二、1. days 2. once 3. times 4. healthy 5. differences 6. less 7. her 8. better 9. skateboarding 10. activities 三、1—5CBAAC
displacement n. 移置 , 转移 , 取代 , 置换 , 位移 , 排水量dramatic adj. 戏剧性的 , 生动的 eventually adv. 最后 , 终 于 exhibit vt. 展出 , 陈列 n.展览品 , 陈列品 , 展品 v.展示exploitation n.开发 , 开采 , 剥削 , 自私的利用 , 宣传 , 广告 fluctuations n. 波动 , 起伏 highlighted adj. 突出的 implicit adj.暗示的 , 盲从的 , 含蓄的 , 固有的 , 不怀疑的, 绝对的 induced vt. 劝诱 , 促使 , 导致 , 引起 , 感应 inevitably adv. 不可避免 infrastructure n. 下部构造 , 基础下部组织 inspection n. 检查 , 视察 intensity n. 强烈 , 剧烈 , 强度 ,亮度 manipulation n. 处理 , 操作 , 操纵 offset n.抵销 , 弥补 , 分支 , vt.弥补 , 抵销 , 用平版印刷 vi.偏移 , 形成分支 paragraph n.(文章 )段 , 节 , 段落 plus prep.加上 adj.正的 , 加的 practitioners n. 从业者 , 开业者 predominantly adv.卓越的 , 支配的 , 主要的 , 突出的 , 有影响的 prospect n.景色 , 前景 , 前途 , 期望 vi. 寻找 , 勘探 radical adj. 根本的 , 基本的 , 激进的 n.激进分子 random n.随意 , 任意 adj.任意的 , 随便的 , 胡乱的adv.胡乱地 reinforce vt. 加强 , 增援 , 补充 , 增加 ...的数量 , 修补 , 加固n.加固物 restore vt.恢复 , 使回复 , 归还 , 交还 , 修复 , 重建 revision n. 修订 , 修改 , 修正 , 修订本 schedule n.时 间表 , 进度表 v.确定时间 tension n. 紧张 (状态 ), 不安 , 拉紧 , 压力 , 张力 , vt. 拉紧 , 使紧张 termination n. 终止 thereby adv.因此 , 从而 , 在那方面 , 在那附近 uniform adj. 统一的 , 相同的 , 一致的 ,；n.制服 vt.使成一 样 , 使穿制服 vehicle n. 交通工具 , 车辆 , 媒介物 , 传达手段 via prep.经 , 通过 , 经由 virtually adv. 事实上 , 实质上 widespread adj. 分布广泛的 , 普遍的 visual adj. 看的 , 视觉的 , 形象的 , 栩栩如生的accommodation n.住处 , 膳宿 , (车 , 船 , 飞机等的 )预定铺位 , (眼睛等的 )适应性调节 analogous adj.类似的 , 相似的 , 可比拟的 anticipate vt. 预期 , 期望 , 过早使用 , 先人一着 , 占先 v. 预订 , 预见 , 可以预料 assurance n.确信 , 断言 , 保证 , 担保attain vt. 达到 , 获得 v.达到 behalf n.为 , 利益 bulk n.大小 , 体积 , 大批 , 大多数 , 散装 vt.显得大 , 显得重 要 ceases v停.止 , 终了 ,n.停止 coherence n.一致 coincide vi. 一致 , 符合 commence v.开始，着手 concurrent n 同时发生的事件 adj.并发的，协作的，一致 的 confined adj. 被限制的，狭窄的，分娩 的 controversy n. 论战 ,争论 ,辩论 conversely adv.倒的 ,逆的 device n. 装置 ,设计 ,图案 ,策略 ,发明物 ,设备；【计】安 装设备驱动程序 devote v.投身于 ,献身于 diminish v.( 使 )减少 ,( 使)变小 distorted adj. 扭曲的 ,受到曲解 的 duration n. 持续时间 ,为期 erosion n. 腐蚀 ,浸蚀 ethical adj. 与伦理有关的 ,民族的 ,民族特有的 founded v.建立 ,创立 inherent adj.固有的 ,内在的 ,与生俱来的 insight n. 洞察力 ,见识 integral adj. 完整的 ,整体的 ,【数学】积分的 mature adj. 成熟的 ,到期的 ,充分考虑的 ,(票据等 )到期的 vt.使成熟vi. 成熟 ,到期 mediation n.仲裁 ,调解 ,调停 advocate n.提倡者 , 鼓吹者 vt.提倡 , 鼓吹 channel n.海峡 , 水道 , 沟 , 路线 vt.引导 , 开导 , 形成河道；信道 ,频道 classical adj.古典的 , 正统派的 , 古典文学的 comprehensive adj. 全面的 , 广泛的 , 能充分理解的 , 包容 的 comprise v.包含 , 由 ...组成 confirmed adj. 证实的 , 惯常的 , 慢性的 contrary adj.相反的 , 逆的 , decades n十.年 , 十 definite adj. 明确的 , 一定的 deny v.否认 , 拒绝 differentiation n. 区别 disposal n.处理 , 处置 , 布置 , 安排 , 配置 , 支配 empirical adj. 完全根据经验的 , 经验主义的 , 【化】实验式 equipment n.装备 , 设备 , 器材 , 装置 , 铁道车辆 , 才能extract n.精 , 汁 , 榨出物 , 摘录 , 选粹 vt.拔出 , 榨取 , 开方, 求根, 摘录, 析取, 吸取 foundation n.基础 , 根本 , 建立 , 创立 , 地基 , 基金 , 基金会
基础差，考研英语一5个月备考如何考到75? 大家都知道考验是一个十分艰难的过程，从刚开始上大学的时候我从来没有过考研的想法，我是一个喜欢享受生活的人，所以不愿意把自己逼的那么“惨”。某天看到了朋友在朋友圈分享知乎上的一篇“心灵鸡汤”式文章，这碗鸡汤灌得我心服口服瞬间让我有了考研的想法。原因很简单，就像那句歌词唱的：“生活不止眼前的苟且，还有诗和远方的田野。”现在我就跟大家分享一下我基础差，英语到底是如何在5个月内的时间里考到了75分的。 前三个月：我决定考研的时候很仓促时间也很紧迫，因为当时已经都到了暑假后期了，除了专业外我最差的科目就是英语。当时我在网上百度了很多关于如何复习英语的经验和帖子，搜集了好多资料，也问过好多考研的同学，最后经过多方面的综合建议，他们还是建议从我最基础的东西开始复习，不过已经没有太多的时间让我再背单词之类的了，而是一边做真题一边背单词。所以我就在网上买了同学推荐的一本专门针对基础差的人用的《考研真相》，当时也不知道这本书到底好不好，反正周围大部分人都在用，所以我也就买了。用了一段时间后发现这本书还是不错的，它里面把真题讲解的十分详细，每一篇文章都有逐词逐句地讲解分析，对一个英语比较差的我来说通过看这些分析不说完完全全地把文章读懂了理解了，但也有个七八分的程度。而且要是光看解析看不懂的话，这本书里面还有一个光盘里面有视频可以对照着看，我当时就是每天专门抽出一两个小时的时间来干这个事情的。单词的话，这本书里面在分析每一句话的语法成分的时候，把重点单词注解出来了，我感觉光背这些单词就行了。如果大家觉得不保险的话，还可以在真题里面再挑出一些自己不认识的单词摘录到本子背也行，也可以再买一本词汇书像《非常词汇》之类的也行。 后两个月：考研英语中的作文是我最大的障碍，作为一个英语学渣的我，每次看到作文题目头都大了，不是不会写没啥写的就是跑偏了写得跑题了，总之作文把我当时整个人都搞得不好了。但也没办法，英语作文分还是要拿的，毕竟占了三十分呢，而总分也才100分。我买了一本《写作160篇》作文书，从最基本的开始先把91年到16年的真题作文好好研究了一番，发现作文命题来来回回基本也就那么多话题，不过有的话题就是换了一种方式而已。所以只要把真题作文掌握了，其他也就不是啥大事情了。所以我很庆幸我买了这本《写作160篇》，里面不仅有真题作文写作详细地步骤和经典模板，而且还有最基础地教你如何写作文的方法之类的，我在复习考研的过程中一直在拿着这本书用，感觉我作文终于写的像个考研作文了，而不是之前那些写的乱七八糟的。还有就是翻译了和新题型了在这里给大家的建议：一是进行大量真题模仿练习，二是不断地强化训练。总之就是要拿着真题去多做多练，我一直在强调真题的重要性，因为真题确实真的很重要。 五个月的复习时间对于考研来说，确实很紧张了，尤其是考研英语本身又是一个不断积累的过程，但如果大家真的英语要想获得高分，还是要掌握考研英语的做题方法和出题规律，这是很重要的，大家一定要学会如何在有限的时间里获得复习的最大效益，而且还要有一个十分完善的计划表合理分配学习时间。同时，大家不要死学习，要讲究快乐学习，每天抽出一点时间去操场跑跑步，看个电影什么的，适时地放松一下学习效率会比之前更高的。还有大家就是记住，千万不要生病，有个小病一定要及时去医院看病，不要拖成大病了到时会更耽误学习，
绝密★启用前暑期基础训练与提高9 Ⅰ．根据句意及词首字母写出单词 1．Cheng Long is a f ________ movie star. 2．My grandfather likes Beijing O ________ a lot. 3．I have a lot of work today. I’m very b ________. 4．My classmates often help me. They are f ________ to me. 5．The story is very i ________.The children like reading it. 6．What movie do you like best? My f ________ movie is Titanic. 7．Where’s my key? I can’t f ________ it. 8．Speed is a very successful action movie. I think it’s e ________. 9．Xu Beihong（徐悲鸿） is a Chinese a ________. 10．I think thrillers are s ________. I don’t want to see them. Ⅱ．将下列短语译成英语 11．在周末 ______________ 12．中国历史 ________________ 13．这种影片 ________________ 14．一部很成功的影片 ________________ 15．呆在家里 ________________ 16．动作影片 ________________ 17．电影明星 ________________ 18．激动人心的故事 ________________ 19．这种…… ________________ 20．京剧 ________________ Ⅲ．写出下列词的相应形式 21．comedy（复数）____ 22．boy（复数）____ 23．twelve（序数词）____ 24．forty（序数词）____ 25．big（反义词）____ 26．young（反义词）____ 27．same（反义词）____ 28．go（反义词）____ 29．does not（缩写形式）____ 30．do not（缩写形式）____ Ⅳ．单项选择 （）31．What do you ________ do? A．want B．want to C．like D．to like （）32．My grandfather ________ stay ________ home and watch TV. A．like, at B．like, in C．likes to, at D．likes to, in （）33．________ kind of movies ________ Lucy like? A．What, does B．What, do C．What’s, does D．Which, do （）34．________ a word, we can learn a lot ________ Chinese history. A．For, for B．In, about C．For, about D．In, for （）35．Gina likes action movies, ________ she doesn’t like thrillers. A．and B．so C．or D．but （）36．September is ________ month of the year. A．nineth B．ninth C．the nineth D．the ninth （）37．I don’t like action movies. I think they’re ________. A．boring B．difficult C．interesting D．exciting （）38．— How is the new movie? — It is ________. A．well B．thriller C．young D．exciting （）39．My brother ________ this kind of story-books. A．have B．don’t have C．does’t has D．doesn’t have （）40．“The Big Race” is a kind of ________. A．thrillers B．documentaries C．comedies D．action movies （）41．Do you often go to ________ football games ________ your friends? A．see, and B．look at, with C．watch, and D．watch, with （）42．Mr Brown is very old, ________ he is still healthy. A．but B．and C．so D．for （）43．________ weekdays, what time do you get up? A．On B．For C．At D．By （）44．Do you like ________ books? A．read B．reading C．see D．seeing （）45．He even ________ a Beijing Opera artist. A．want to be B．wants to be C．want is D．is want Ⅴ．根据表格中的内容和例句，写出句子 46．The young people ________________. 47．Jack ________________. 48．My parents ________________. 49．My brother ________________. Ⅵ．按要求转换句型 50．I think the movie is very interesting（改为否定句） 51．I like comedies best. （就划线部分提问） 52．He wants to be a teacher. （就划线部分提问） 53．My birthday is in August. （就划线部分提问） 54．of, at, stay, look, home, pictures, Beijing Opera, I, and （连词成句） 55．what, do, do, on, you, weekends （?） 能力训练 Ⅶ．完形填空 A There is 56 old woman in America. She 57 children at all. But she likes 58 . She has black cats and white cats. She has 59 cats and baby cats. So the children like to come to 60 house. They play with the cats. More and more cats come to the old woman’s house. Soon there are 61 cats. The old woman can’t feed them 62 Then she has a good 63 . “The children love my cats. ”she thinks. So she 64 each child a cat. Then she is happy. And the children are happy. 65 the cats are happy, too. Each of them has a home.
考研英语二重要词汇整理 词汇是考研英语复习的基础，即使是现阶段冲刺复习，仍有不少考生词汇还是老大难，凯程网考研频道希望这些考生能够抓紧复习，词汇大关必须要过，下面是整合的英语二核心词汇，大家捡着重要的背背。 concerned a有关的；关切的，担心的 largely ad. 大量地;主要地 astr on aut n 宇航员 unlikely a. 未必可能的；靠不住的 swallow vt.吞咽n.燕子 solar a.太阳的，日光的；利用太阳光的 glitter vi.闪闪发光，闪烁n.闪光 whereas conj.而，去卩；反之 revolve vi. 旋转；绕转 to swallow up 吞没，耗尽 cloudless a.无云的，晴朗的 lesser a较小的；更少的；次要的 pla net n.行星 White Dwarf ［天］白矮星 to make use of 利用 crowd n. 群，人群vi. 聚集，群集 plateau n.(［复［plateaus 或plateaux)高原 as a rule 通常；一般说来 weaken vt. 削弱，减弱vi. 变弱 parliament n.议会，国会；［P-］议会 whilst conj.(=while)当…时然而；虽然，尽管 above all 首先，首要 debate vt./n.争论，辩论vi.对…进行争论，辩论 injection n. 注射；注射剂，针剂 criterion n. 标准，准则 prosecute vt.对…起诉，告发 euthanasia n无痛楚的死亡；安乐死 n atio nwide a.全国性的ad.在全国范围内 deteriorate vt./vi.( 使)恶化 Dutch a.荷兰人的；荷兰语的n.荷兰人；荷兰语 request vt./n.请求，要求 a great many 很多 lethal a.致死的
考研英语怎么学习经验谈：如何从零基础到80分 关于这个问题，我看到过很多的回答，其实大家都还蛮好的，我今天只是想补充一下，告诉你在复习的时候怎么合理的利用你的时间。 下面我要开始讲道理了，请你搬个小板凳坐直坐好了听我讲—————————————————————————————————————————————————— （以下的复习规划最适合19届的考研小白了） 一、从你决定考研的现在到明年5月，这是考研复习的第一个阶段。 在这个阶段呢，你最主要任务就是解决单词的问题。词汇量是考研英语的根本。大纲中规定的是5500个单词，但是实实在在考的也就不到2000个单词，所以你在复习单词的时候一定要有一个非常详细的计划，单词复习是一个需要详细制定计划，并且循序渐进的过程。 这一阶段复习规划： ①单词记忆，每天30分钟，目标是大纲单词、常见超纲词、短语和固定搭配背2遍，基本扫清单词的障碍。（可以使用《非常词汇》，在语境中记单词，记得快，也不会忘，而且记住的全是重点单词。） ②考研语法学习，每天30分钟，目标是考研基本语法融会贯通，能灵活运用。这一项的复习可以用专门针对长难句的专项训练书，也可以使用一些讲解比较详细的真题书。 ③阅读理解，每天1个小时（刚开始完成2篇阅读），阅读文章时你要学会把握文章主旨信息和文章的整体框架;认识阅读理解的特点，当然最重要的一点就是，要随时积累文章里面的词汇和句子，这不仅是对基础的积累，也可以作为你写作的素材积累。 二、明年6月至9月底是全面复习的第二阶段。 如果说第一阶段主要是打基础，那么，第二个阶段你就要开始进行全方位准备了。说的简单一点吧，这个时候，你应该开始拿起笔练习写作和翻译，但是你要记住，这个阶段的复习，不只是停留在背单词和读文章这个层面上。因为在前面的阶段里，你已掌握了大量的单词，并进行了高强度的阅读训练，所以这个阶段，应该开始试着用英语表达你的想法，并且检查自己对英语的理解能力。 在这个阶段不但应该解决了所有的基础问题，同时还要有一段时间进行提高，为你下一步的全程模拟做好充分的准备。
六年级英语下册基础训练“自主学习指导课程”参考答案 目录 本文档适用的配套图书 说明：本文档为本配套图书39页以后的答案 封面目录 (1) Recycle 参考答案……………………第2~3页 综合练习（一）参考答案 (4) 综合练习（二）参考答案………………第5~6页 语法专项复习参考答案……………………第7~10页
Recycle Ⅰ. Prepare presents for Annie.(为朋友准备礼物) 1.Read and match(读单词，连线). storybook—故事书comic book—漫画书kite—风筝ball—球 plane—飞机lamp—台灯pencil box—铅笔盒bag—书包 mirror—镜子umbrella—伞post card—明信片yo-yo—溜溜球 2. Finish the dialogue. new pen pal, How much, expensive, How much is it, It’s Ⅱ. Prepare food for the party. (为聚会准备食物). 1.Help Amy to finish the shopping list. (Amy 要去超市为聚会采购食物，让我们帮她 列出购物清单吧). Fruit Vegetables Meat Drinks apple, banana cucumber, potato fish, pork Coke, watermelon carrot, eggplant mutton, juice pear, orange tomato, cabbage chicken, beef milk_ 2. Talk about your favourite food with your partner(和你的同桌讨论一下你爱吃的食 物吧). 略。 Ⅲ. Make a performance list and answer the questions(根据节目表回答问题). 1.She can paint and play the violin. 2.Yes, he can. 3.He can play chess. 4.He can dance and do Chinese kung fu. 5.Tom. 6.Chen Jie. 7.I can sing(可以换成其他的动作单词或短语). 8.He can play the piano(可以换成其他的动作单词或短语). Ⅳ. Decorate the classroom(装饰教室). 1. Read and match(读单词，连线). light—灯fan—风扇balloons—气球camera—照相机 knife—刀子fork—叉子plate—盘子flowers—花 spoon—小勺chopsticks—筷子chair—椅子 2.Look at the picture and answer the questions(看图。回答问题). 1)It’s near the fan. / It’s on the ceiling. 2)Yes, it is. 3)They are near the desk.
2021考研英语语法基础：关系代词 【导语】任何一门语言都有语言学，对于句子而言也是存在句法学，除了词汇概念较复杂外，其句子结构较复杂。句法学与语法有区 别吗?冠珠教育整理了英语句法学与语法相关内容，了解一下。 ►指人的关系代词：who, whom, whose, that 的用法： (1) 作主语(who, that ) Those who are going to play in the match are to meet at the gate at 1:30 after lunch. 那些参加比赛的人午饭后1：30在大门口集合。 在本句中，先行词是those;关系代词who引导定语从句，同时 代替先行词在从句中担任动词are going to play 的主语。 The man who/that is talking with Mr. Wang is a famous doctor. 正在和王先生说话的那个人是一个有名的医生。 在本句中，先行词是the man;关系代词who/that引导定语从句， 同时代替先行词在从句中担任动词is talking的主语。 这个复合句可以还原成两个句子：The man is a famous doctor. He is talking with Mr. Wang. (2) 作宾语包括作介词宾语(whom, that )。此种情况下的关系 代词可以省略; This is just the man (whom/that) I want for the job.这正 是我要的做这份工作的人。 在本句中，先行词是the man;关系代词whom/that引导定语从
基础词汇详解 UNIT 1 1.[答案] B. available [本题译文] 一般来说，学生的住宿费用应控制在生活费用总数的五分之一为好。 [注释] available [?'veil?bl] adj. 可用的，可得到的 [记] avail (效用)+able→可用的 [派] availability (n. 利用的可能性；可以利用的人或物) [例] Spanish versions of the educational game are available for schools. (有专为学校提供 的该教育游戏的西班牙版本。) [析] 在本题中担任后置形容词，后接for，修饰the total，表示用了生活费的全部费用：be available for use (可加以利用) acceptable [?k'sept?bl] adj.可接受的 [记] accept(接受)+able→可接受的 [例] The terms of the contract are acceptable to us. (我们认为这个合同的条件可以接受。) advisable [?d'vaiz?bl] adj.明智的，可取的 [记] advis(=advise/advice)(建议)→建议可以接受的→可取的 [例] It was advisable for you not to mention that. (你不提及那件事是明智的。) applicable ['?plik?bl] adj. 适当的，合适的 [记] applic(=apply)(应用) +able→能够应用的→适当的，合适的 [例] The rule is applicable to this case. (这条规则可适用于这种情况。) [分析] 本题的测试点是形容词。做这一类题时，除把握各选择项的词义外，还应注意选择 项与句子的意思吻合。据此可知，只有B正确。 2.[答案] D. regardless of [本题译文] 这个国家的每一个公民，不论肤色，都有权居住在他想居住的地方。 [注释] regardless of 不管，不顾 [例] I shall go regardless of the weather. (无论天气好坏我都要去。) with the exception of 除……外 [例] All proposals were passed with the exception of three. (除三件提案外，其他都通过 了。) in the light of按照，根据 [例] In the light of these changes, we must revise our plan. (鉴于这些变化，我们必须重新 修订我们的计划。) by virtue of 凭借，因为，依靠 [例] He had won the game by virtue of his strength of will. (他靠意志力赢了这场比赛。) [分析] 本题的测试点是复合介词。该句中regardless of表示“无论(什么肤色)”，符合句意。而其它三个词组都不合句意。 3.[答案] A. capacity [本题译文] 不外出上班的家庭主妇们往往觉得没能充分发挥自己的能力。 [注释] capacity [k?'p?siti] n. 能力，才能；容量 [记] cap(握住)+acity(表状态、情况)→能掌握住的状态→容量→才能 [例] Their reasoning capacity must be developed. (他们的推理能力必须加以培养。) strength [stre?θ]n.力量 [记] streng-(strong)(强壮的)+ th(名词词尾)→力量 [搭] build up one's strength (增强体力) length [le?θ]n.长度
六年级英语（三）第1 页（共4页） 小学六年级英语基础训练 班级 姓名 一、从A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出划线部分读音与其他三个不同的单词，将其标号填入题前括号内。 （ ）1、A. camera B. radio C. match D. thank （ ）2、A. touch B. Chinese C. kitchen D. school （ ）3、A. train B. playground C. painting D. eating （ ）4、A. run B. music C. study D. uncle （ ）5、A. robot B. smoking C. office D. video 二、根据提示，在横线上填写适当的单词，使句子通顺、完整。 1、No______ in the bus. 2、My sister is sleeping in the ______. 3、Ken is ______ in the kitchen. 4、Kate is having an ______ class （课） .
六年级英语（三）第2 页（共4页） 5、The doll is ______ yuan. 6、This is our ______. 三、选择填空。（将正确答案的标号填入题前括号内。） （ ）1、Don ’t_____ in class （在课堂上）. A. Talk B. write C. listen （ ）2、—_____is the toy train? —It ’s ￥12. A. How B. How much C. How many （ ）3、These kites _____￥20. A. am B. is C. are （ ）4、—Whose radio is this? —It ’s _____. A. Ling Feng B. Ling Feng ’s C. Ling Feng is （ ）5、Five and six is ______. A. thirteen B. eleven C. fourteen （ ）6、—______ —He ’s washing. A. Who ’s the boy? B. What ’s he doing? C. Where is he? （ ）7、—______table is it? —It ’s Mingming ’s. A. Who B. Who ’s C. Whose （ ）8、—What are you doing, Hui? —I______. A. paint B. painting C. am painting （ ）9、—Are these your books? — ______.They are my books.
五年级-下册-英语练习册-答案 一．按要求改写句子 1．The boy is playing basketball. 否定句： 般疑问句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： 对is playing basketball提问： 对The boy提问： 2．They are singing in the classroom. 否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯定回答： 否定回答：____ 对"are singing”提问：____ 对’in the classroom"提问： 3．仿照例句造句：Model: read a book ——What are you doing? --I'm reading a book. l).read a new book________ 2). clean the blackboard 4．she, the window, open, now.（用现在进行时连词成句．） 5.The birds are singing in the tree.（就划线部分提问） 6．is, who, the window, cleaning?（连词成句） 7.The children are playing games near the house.（就划线部分提问） 8.She is closing the door now.（改成否定句） 9.You are doing your homework.（用”I”作主语改写句子） 10. they, the tree, sing, now, under.（用现在进行时连词成句．） 11.The Young Pioneers are helping the old woman.（改成一般疑问句）________ II.单项选择 1．我在照看孩子． (A)I am looking after the baby. (B)I'm look aftering the baby. (C)I look am aftering the baby. (D)I looking after the baby. 2.___friend's making a kite. (A)l,me (B)My,my (C)My,me(D)His,his
考研英语词汇 （ 精选浓缩版 ） 主讲人：彭飞 词汇是基础 ：不仅在书本上，考纲上，日常生活中也比比皆是 根解法： 词根 初中英语词汇 高中英语词汇 大学英语四级 大学英语六级 考研 雅思 托福 英语专业八级 GRE 第一部分：英语知识运用 *65%的考题是关于词汇，包括对词义辨析、动词词组以及实词、 虚词的考察。 35%是考语法、逻辑关系、语篇衔接等方面。 对词汇的考察通常有几下几种类型的题目： 1. 词汇辨析（包括行近义异词、形异义近词） 2. 词语搭配（包括介词与名词、介词与形容词、介词与动词、动词 与副词、动词与名词的搭配等） 3. 习语（即一些固定的词组）的意义 *根据以上特点，如何备考 1. 记熟常用词组 2. 掌握词汇的搭配 3. 归纳和区别近义词或者同范畴的词 （归纳时应尽量将同一词性或者词根的词放在一起） alive/live/living/lively imaginable/imaginative 4. 利用词根、词缀扩展词汇 Eg. If you know what the trouble is , why don ' t you help them to the situation? A simplify B. modify C. verify D. rectify 如果考生掌握了一定的词根知识，就能迅速确定 D 为正确项，因为 rectify 含有词根 rect, 它表示 make straight or right （ 正直，改正，纠正 ）的意思，与 correct, erect 都是同根词。 *大纲对词汇的要求 掌握 5500 左右的词汇以及相关词组 大纲对备考中词汇记忆的问题提出几点建议： （1）系统记忆，灵活掌握 a. 词根，词缀知识可以帮助迅速掌握词汇。 b. 同义词，反义词，形近词的辨析 c. 单词的搭配和组合能力 （2）多查词典，特别是原版（英 - 英）词典 （3）在使用中记忆 *词：词汇的准确性与多样性 （1） 词的准确性 Denotation 与得体性 Connotation 拼写用法（英汉 单词差异，词汇的褒贬色彩等） There is a good cause for me to make this decision. （ reason ） It 's getting dark and cold. Get into my car. I ' ll send you home first on my way to the station. （ take ） That corrupted official is famous for his lust. （ notorious ） Statesmen usually speak with tongue in cheek. （ Politicians ） *单词（大纲词汇） +真题 =过线 单词 （超纲词汇） +真题 +技巧 =高分 Are you ready? Let's go! 1. 衣食住行 穿： transfer transferation transformer transmit transmission transport transportation transient transparent transition transaction 衣： uniform unify universe university unit 食——吃： ed=eat Phonetic interchangeability edible ediblenes +词缀 2,182 3,000 — 3,500 4,500 6,500 5,500 7,000 8,000 — 10,000 13,000 12,000 — 20,000
考研英语基础词汇 第一部分 abide 遵循（…by）；容忍The one thing she cannot abide is lying. abnormal 反常的abnormal behavior abolish 彻底废除（法律、制度、习俗等）abolish old custom abrupt 突然的，意外的an abrupt departure absolute 纯粹的，完全的have absolute trust in sb. absorb 吸收，吸进 A sponge absorbs water. abstract 抽象的 A flower is beautiful, but beauty itself is abstract. absurd 荒谬的，荒唐的The idea that number 14 brings bad luck is absurd. abuse 滥用abuse one's authority(office) aaccelerate 加速，增速accelerate one’s steps access 接近（或进入）的机会have regular and immediate access to the President accommodate 使适应，使符合一致accommodate oneself to changed circumstances accompany 陪伴，伴随She was accompanied to a dinner by her friend. accomplish 达到（目的），完成（任务），实现（计划，诺言等）accomplish one's purpose accord 使符合，相一致(with) His violent action do not accord with his peaceful words. account 记述，叙述give a brief account of what has happened accumulate 积累，积攒，积聚accumulate wisdom accurate 准确的，精确的an accurate estimate accuse 指控，指责They accused her publicly of stealing their books. accustom 使习惯于accustom oneself to rising (to rise) early acquaint 使认识，使了解 activate 使活动起来，使开始起作用，启动They have planted secret agents in many countries who could be activated whenever needed. acute 尖锐的，敏锐的an acute thinker