第三课动词的时态与语态
动词时态
处理时态问题首先要把握各种动词时态所表达的时间概念，注意捕捉决定时态的信息。如：表示时间的副词、短语和从句。有时还要通过上下文的时间关系以及题目设置的语境去挖掘隐藏信息。
（一）一般现在时
1．通常表示现阶段经常发生的动作、存在状态或经常的习惯性的动作。常与often, usually, always,
sometimes, today, every five minutes, on Sundays等时间状语连用。
She is always ready to help others. 她总是乐于助人。
The old man goes to park every morning. 这位老人每天早上都去公园。
2．表示永恒的真理以及客观事实。
The earth goes round the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。
3．表示按规定或计划要发生的动作。
The train starts at seven in the morning. 火车早上七点出发。
4．在时间和条件状语从句中代替一般将来时。
I’ll go with you, if you are free tomorrow. 如果你明天有空，我就会和你一起去。
（二）一般过去时
1．一般过去时表示过去某一时间发生的动作或情况。常与表示过去的时间状语ago, yesterday , last week, in the old days ,when I was five years old, in 1995 等连用。
I met him yesterday. 昨天我遇见了他。
They began to work two months ago. 两个月前他们开始工作。
2．一般过去时多和表示过去了的时间状语连用。但是有时候句子并没有过去的时间状语，这时就要通过语境、说话人的口气来判断。
He wrote a novel. 他写了一部小说。
I didn’t expect you were waiting for us. 我没预料到你正在等我们。
3．used to do sth. 意为“过去常常做某事”，暗含“现在不做了”之意。be used to do sth. 意为“被用于做某事”，不定式表示目的，可用于多种时态。be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事。
He used to get up early . 过去他总是早起。（现在不这样了）
He will be used to getting up early . 他将会习惯早起。
Wood is used to make paper. 木材被用来造纸。
（三）一般将来时
1、表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用的时间状语有later(on), soon, in a month, next time, from now on, tomorrow等。
I shall be eighteen years old next year. 明年我就十八岁了。
He will not go to the airport to meet her this afternoon. 今天下午他不去机场接她。
2、一般将来时的其它表示形式
（1）一般现在时表将来
①按照计划或时刻表要发生的事情。
The new library opens next month. 新图书馆下月开放。
The plane takes off at 3:00 P.m. 飞机于下午三点起飞。
②在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。
If you leave tomorrow , I’ll see you at the airport. 如果你明天走，我到机场送你。
When she comes, I’ll tell her about it. 她来时我将把这件事告诉她。
（2）现在进行时表将来
现在进行时表示将来，往往是指计划好或准备要做的事。一些表示动作转换的终止性动词，如go, come, leave, start, begin，stay，take off，arrive等，或者也称为位移性动词，其进行时表示马上要做某事。
I’m taking the kids to the zoo this Sunday. 这个周日我将带孩子们去动物园。
He is leaving school in one year’s time.他一年后就要毕业了。
（3）be to do sth结构表示计划中约定的或按职责、义务和要求必须去做的事或即将发生的动作。
The president is to visit Japan in May.主席将于五月访问日本。
I’m to get married next year. 我明年结婚。
（4）be about to do. 结构表示“刚要做某事，马上要做某事，正要做某事”，强调动作即将发生（不跟表将来的时间状语连用）。
We are about to discuss this problem.我们将马上讨论这个问题。
They were about to leave when the telephone rang. 他们正要离开时电话响了。
3、will和be going to的区别。
（1）will多表示带意愿色彩的将来或客观上将来要发生的事，也可表示临时做出决定将要做的事。
I will stay with you and help you. 我会和你一起并且帮助你。
—You have left the light on. 你还开着灯呢。
— Oh, so I have. I will go and turn it off. 哦，确实是的。我马上去关掉它。
（2）be going to常用于口语中，主要用来表示将发生的动作或存在的状态、打算或准备要做的事或根据某种迹象判断可能将要发生的事。
There’s going to be an English film this evening. 今晚有一场英文电影。
Loo k at those clouds. It’s going to rain. 看那些乌云，要下雨了。
（四）现在完成时
1、表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与already, ever, never, just ,yet等副词连用。
I have just finished my homework. 我刚刚完成我的家庭作业。
He has been to Germany. 他去过德国。
2、表示从过去某时刻开始，持续到现在的动作或情况，并且有可能会继续持续下去，此时经常用延续性动词。时间状语常用since加一个过去的时间点，或for加一段时间，或加一个现在时间。
I have known him for three years. 我认识他三年了。
He has lived here since 1995.他自1995年以来就住在这儿。
【注意】（1）因为含有for加一段时间或since加一时间点这样的时间状语的完成时，有延续性的特点，所以不能使用瞬间动词。
My sister has been married for 5 years.我姐姐结婚五年了。
My sister has married. Don’t disturb her. 我姐姐已经结婚了。不要打扰她。
（2）在This/That/It is the first/second/third/..time that..句型里，从句要用现在完成时。
This is the second time that the products of our company have been shown in the International Exhibition.
（3）句型It is/has been...since..所使用的两种时态都正确。
It is/has been 10 years since I last saw him.
（五）过去完成时
1、过去完成时是一个相对时态，表示过去的过去，只有在两个过去发生的动作相比较时才可显示出来。
When we got to the station, the train had left.
2、过去完成时表示截止到过去某一时间已经完成的动作。
By the end of last month, we had reviewed four books.
3、表示思维的动词用过去完成时，意为“原本······（但事与愿违）”。
I had thought that he would win.
We had believed that he could tell the truth.
（六）现在进行时
1、现在进行时表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作。
Listen, someone is crying. 听，有人在哭。
What are you doing these days? 这些天你们在干什么？
2、有时，现在进行时也与always等副词连用，表示反复出现的习惯性动作，用以表达说话人赞扬、讨厌等情绪。
He is always asking the same question. 他总是问同一个问题。（厌烦）
3、动词go, come, leave, arrive, start, begin, end等表将要发生的动作时也用现在进行时。
They are leaving for Shanghai. 他们将动身去上海。
4、状态动词be, have, belong to, remember, know, love, like, prefer, remember, forget, hope, wish, want, see, hear, find, feel等一般不用于进行时。
Do you know where he is? 你知道他在哪儿吗？
（七）过去进行时
1、表示在过去某一时刻或过去一段时间内正在发生的动作。
I was doing my homework at this time yesterday. 昨天的这个时候我正在做作业。
2、如果when, while这样的时间状语引导词所引导的主从句之一是一般过去时，则另一个句子常用过去进行时。
I was washing my hair when you knocked at the door. 你敲门的时候我正在洗头发。
【辨析】现在完成时与一般过去时
现在完成时是联系过去和现在的纽带，它强调过去的动作对现在的影响；一般过去时只表示过去的某个具体时间里发生的动作，与现在没有联系。试比较：
He has worked in that hospital for 8 years. (表示他从过去开始工作，一直工作到现在，可能现在仍在那家医院工作。)
He worked in that hospital for 8 years. (这只是讲述一个过去的事实，表示他现在已经不在那家医院了。)
Have you had your lunch? 你吃午饭了吗？
What did you have for lunch? 你午饭吃的是什么？
I have ever been to the Great Wall, and I went there last summer.
Exercises:
1. —I took a photo of you just now.
—Really? I with attention.
A. didn’t look
B. wasn’t looking
C. am not looking
D. have’t looked
2. —You haven’t said a word about my new hair-style. What do you think of it?
—I’m sorry I anything about it sooner. I certainly think it’s pretty.
A. don't say
B. wasn’t saying
C. didn’t say
D. haven’t said
3. —Can I help you, Madam.
— No, thanks, I .
A. have just looked around
B. just look around
C. am just looking around
D. just looked around
4. —That famous cherry tree because of pollution.
—Yes, we have to do something to save it.
A. has died
B. had died
C. is died
D. is dying
5. She ought to stop reading; she has a headache because she too long.
A. had read
B. read
C. is reading
D. has been reading
6. —You’re talking too much.
—Only at home. No one me but you.
A. is hearing
B. had heard
C. hears
D. heard
7. —What have you been doing? I asked you a question. Why didn’t you answer?
—Sorry, I to the news on the radio.
A. listened
B. have listened
C. was listening
D. had listened
8. —You should have told him the date earlier.
—I , but he forgot about it.
A. did
B. have
C. had
D. should have
9. —You could have asked Tom for help, for he is good at physics.
—Really? Oh, a whole night ,Why didn’t you tell me earlier?
A. is wasted
B. was wasted
C. had wasted
D. has wasted
10. The thief tried to break away from the policeman who him but failed.
A. held
B. had held
C. would hold
D. was holding
11. You exercises at your desk! Why not take some exercise?
A. always do
B. are always doing
C. have always done
D. have always been doing
12. —What were you up to when she dropped in?
—I for a while and some reading.
A. was playing; was going to go
B. played; did
C. had played; was going to go
D. had played; did
用括号中动词的适当形式填空。
1.It is the fourth time that Mike (travel) to China.
2.He (not finish)the work by the end of last month.
3.LiMing (know) him since then.
4.I (receive) a letter from my brother last night.
5.We (be ) to London many times before we left England.
6.How long you (learn) English by the end of this term?
7.—He (live) in this city since he (leave) his hometown.. —When did he (leave) there?
—He there three years ago.
8.—His father (be) in the Party for years.
—When he (join) the Party?
—He (join) the Party in 1996.
9.—It (rain )for such a long time!
—When it (rain)?
—It (rain) 3 hours ago.
10.I (hope)to be back last night, but I (not catch) the train.
11.—Hello, may I speak to John?
—(speak).
动词的语态
语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。
（1）被动语态用法
A．不知道动作的执行者是谁。
B．没有必要指出动作的执行者
C．强调动作的承受着。
（2）被动语态的构成及用法
1) 被动语态最基本的句型结构是：be +及物动词过去分词
一般现在时：is/am/are+done
一般过去时:was/were+done
现在进行时:is/am/are+being+done
过去进行时:was/were+being+done
一般将来时:will+be+done
过去将来时:would+be+done
现在完成时:have/has+been+done
过去完成时:had+been +done
2) 被动语态中的谓语动词一定要是及物动词
因为被动句中的主语是动作的承受者，某些短语动词如look after, think of, take care of, work out, laugh at等，也可用于被动语态。
The children were taken good care of by her.
【注意】
短语动词中的介词或副词变成被动语态时不可遗漏。
3) 主动语态变为被动语态要加“to”的情况
若宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加“to”。此类动词为感官动词，如：feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch等。例如：The teacher made me go out of the classroom.
I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher).
4) 主动形式表示被动意义
1）如wash, clean, cut, read, wear, draw, write, sell等动词虽然用做主动形式却表示被动的意义。例如：
The pen writes smoothly.
2）感官动词如feel，look，smell，taste，sound等直接跟形容词作表语。
The food tastes good.
高中时态语态教材分布（北师大版） Ⅰ.Present Simple 一般现在时 ① He often watches football matches at home. ② I write good English but don’t speak well. ③ Light travels faster than sound.④ The plane takes off at 8 am tomorrow. ⑤ If he comes, I’ll tell him about the truth. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. ⑥So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he fini shes the experiment. ， ⑦The harder you study, the better results you will get. 【我们发现】 ①表示习惯性、经常性的动作。常与表示频率的________ 连用。如：_________________________________________________________. ② 表示持久的状态、个性、性质、能力。 ③ 表示客观真理、客观存在或科学事实。 ④ 表示官方或公事上按时间表不可更改的将来发生的动作。 ⑤ 用于由when, after, before, as soon as, the minute, the moment, the next time, until ; if, unless, as long as, in case ; as, though, whatever, whenever等引导的_______、_______、_______状语从句中，表示将要发生的动作，主句用一般将来时，即主将从现。 @ ⑥在make sure (certain), see to it（务必, mind, care, matter +宾语从句中从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。 ⑦在the more… the more… (越．．．．．．越．．．．．．)句型中，若主句是一般将来时，从句通常
初高中英语衔接导学案 第四节动词的时态 【学习目标】通过时态语态的讲解与练习，从宏观角度把握动词的时态和语态的用法。 【重点难点】现在完成时与一般过去时的用法区别；过去完成时的用法。 【使用说明】请同学们在上课之前，提前完成【预学】案。 【预学】 根据句意，用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. The farmers __________(pick) apples when I saw them. 2. They ___________(visit) the Science Museum next Sunday. 3. Mr Brown __________(live) in Beijing since he came to China. 4. Mr Wang ___________(teach) us English two years ago. 5. The Smiths _______________( watch) TV at this time last night. 6. We __________(learn) about ten English songs by the end of last term. 7. Father said that he ____________(buy) a new bike for me the next Friday. 8. The teacher said that the moon __________(go) round the earth. 9. Listen! They ____________(talk) about the new film. 10. We ____________(learn) English for about three years. 11. My brother_____________(join) the League in 1997. 12. The film ____________(begin) when I got to the cinema. 13. My mother __________ (come) to see me next Sunday. 14. Bill isn’t here. He ___________(chat) with his friends in the classroom. 【导学】 1.一般现在时（形式：is/am/are或do/does ） 主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等。 eg: They usually go to work at 7 o’clock every morning. The earth goes around the sun. Guangzhou is situated in the south of China. 考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。 eg: I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 条件：if, unless等。eg: If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. 2．一般过去时（形式：_____________________________ ）表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用，如：yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago; when, 注意： 考点一：used to + do，表示过去经常但现在已不再维持的习惯动作。to为不定式，后接动词原形。 be/become/get used to + doing，表示习惯于 He used to smoke a lot.(译：____________________________) He has got used to getting up early. (译：____________________________) 考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替过去将来时。 eg: He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise 考点三：表示说话前的动作。 —You haven’t said a word about my new coat，Brenda. Do you like it? —I’m sorry I ___ anything about it sooner.I certainly think it’s pretty on you. A. wasn’t saying B.don’t say C.won’t say D.didn’t say 3. 一般将来时（形式：_____________________________ ） 表示在将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2020等表示将来的时间状语连用，其表现形式多达5种。 考点一：一般将来时总是用在一些时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主句中： eg: We will begin our class as soon as the teacher comes. （主句用一般将来时，从句中一定要用一般现在时替代一般将来时。） 考点二：某些表示短暂性动作的动词如arrive, come, go, leave, start等，用现在进行时形式表示将来。 eg: I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 考点三：“祈使句+ and/or + 句子”，这种结构中and后面的句子谓语用一般将来时。eg: Use your head and you will find a way. Work hard or you will fall behind. 考点四：“am (is, are) going to + 动词原形”，表示打算要做的事或可能要发生的事。“am (is, are) about to + 动词原形”表示按照预定计划或打算准备着手进行的动作。“am (is, are) to + 动词原形”表示必须、必然或计划将要做的事。 eg: They are to be married in this May. 4、现在进行时（形式：_____________________________ ） 表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动：与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）,加强语气。eg: We are having English class.（表示说话时正在进行的活动） The house is being built these days.（表示______________________） The little boy is always making trouble. （表示______________________） 考点一：在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。 eg: Look out when you are crossing the street. Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning.
高一衔接课——动词时态语态练习 1. —Excuse me. Look at the sign NO PHOTOS! —Sorry, I _________ it. A. don't see B. didn't see C. haven't seen D. won't see 2. My mother _________ the windows already, so the room looks much brighter. A. has cleaned B. had cleaned C. is cleaning D. will clean 3. Sorry, I ____ to help you at ten. I was busy at the moment A. won't come B. can't come C. didn't come D. shouldn't come 4. She _________ apples in her garden when I _________ to see her yesterday. A. picked, went B. was picking, went C. picked, was going D. was picking, was going 5. I don’t know if my friend _________. If he _________, I'll let you know. A. comes, comes B. comes, will come C. will come, comes D. will come, will come 6. There _________ two meetings tomorrow afternoon. A. are going to be B. are going to have C. is going to be D. will have 7. Jack has got a watch. He ______ it for two years. It _______ by his father. A. has had, was bought B. was bought, has bought C. has got, is bought D. has bought, was bought 8. _______ these magazines in the library ___________ out of the reading room? A. Can, take B. Can, be brought C. Can, be taken D. Can, taken 2. 用动词的适当形式填空 1. When I got home, my mother__________ (go) out for a walk. 2. He______finished______ (finish) his composition just now. 3. ______she _____ (do) morning exercises every day? 4. She________ (watch) TV while she______________ (wash) her clothes. 5. Listen! Someone____________ (sing) in the next room. 6. Our teacher told us the earth _______ (go) around the sun. 7. My brother isn't at home right now. He ___________ (go) to Beijing. 8. He___________ (be) there many times. He _________ (not be) back until next week. 9. English_________ (speak) all over the world. 10. This house_________ (build) in the Ming Dynasty. 11. The books___________ (return) to you next week. 12. The students_________ (examine) now. 13. In the past few years, another bridge _____has been built________(build)over the Changjiang River. 14. By the end of next month, all our lessons____will have been finished__________ (finish). 15. His brother _________ (be away) from home for a long time. 16. My homework should _______have been finished_______________ (finish) by now. 17. I _______________ (give) ten minutes to make up a story. 18. It is the first time that I __________________ (visit) the city.
英语八种时态归纳复习 时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容，广大初中学生在实际运用时，往往对时态问题倍感棘手，下面我们就归纳复习一下这几种时态。 一、一般现在时 （一）定义 表示经常性或习惯性的动作，或存在的状态，还表示主语具备的性格 和能力及客观真理。 例：I get up at 6:30 in the morning . She is at home . Where does your father work ? (二) 构成 主要用动词原形表示，当主语是第三人称单数时，在动词词尾加s/es。(三）一般现在时练习题 用动词的适当形式填空 1.I like ____________ (swim). 2.He _________(read) English every day. 3.We _________(go)to school at seven in the morning. 4.Mike________(go)to school at seven in the morning. 5.My mother________(like) ______(go) shopping. 6.I can ________(draw) many beautiful pictures. 7.She_________(make) a model plane. 8.Do you ________(like)_________(run)? 9.Does he_________(like)_________(jump) ? 10.Does Nancy_________(grow)flowers on Saturday ? 二、一般过去时 （一）结构 为was与第一、三人称单数连用，were与第二人称和复数人称的主语连用。凡是由be动词做谓语的句子，变否定句时，直接在其后加not,即wasn’t 或weren’t，变一般疑问句将was/ were放在句首，句末用问号。另一类谓语动词是由行为动词来充当，如stayed\went\visited等,这一类动词做谓语时，可与任何人称连用，句子变否定时，要在主语后面，动词的前面加didn’t，动词用原形；一般疑问句是把did提到句首，动词用原形。 I was in Shanghai last year . I wasn’t in Shanghai last year . Was you in Shanghai last year ?
2010高考二轮复习英语学案 专题六动词时态和语态 【典例精析】1.（2008全国I卷，27）—Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time? —Yes, since she ______ the Chinese Society. A. has joined B. joins C. had joined D. joined 【解析】D句意：—你认识Dr. Jackson好久时间了吗? —是的，自从她加入汉语协会我就认识她。Since 自从......以来，引导时间状语从句，强调过去认识时的时间，第一句话所用的现在完成时是判断该句子时态的重要依据。 2.（2008辽宁卷,23）We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we ______ each other for years. A. knew B. have known C. have known D. know 【解析】C句意：在2000年我们第一次在火车上相遇。我俩同时立刻赶到彼此认识多年了。根据题干第二句可知主句为过去时，而that 引导的宾语从句的谓语动词又发生在主句动词之前，即为过去的过去，故用过去完成时来表示。 3.（2008天津卷，14）He _____ football regularly for many years when he was young. A. was playing B. played C. has played D. had played 【解析】D句意：他年轻的时候踢了多年的足球。句中的when he was young是表示过去的时间状语。题干中没有强调在过去的某个时间段正在发生某事，故排除A项；句中也没有信息词强调对现在造成的影响或与现在的联系，故排除C项；句中也没有以过去的某个时间点或动作点作为参照，故排除D项。 4.（09北京）27. The way the guests ___ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service. A. treated B. were treated C. would treat D. would be treated 【解析】B考查时态和语态的用法。The guests 与treat之间是被动的关系，并且动作已经发生，所以用一般过去时的被动形式。 5.（09天津）2. My parents _____ in Hong Kong. They were born there and have never lived anywhere else. A. live B. lived C. were living D. will live 【解析】A考查时态。后句意思“他们出生在香港，从来没有去过别的地方”，由此可知前句“一直在香港住”，时态用一般现在时，说明事实，故选A。 6.（09福建）6 -Why does the Lake smell terrible? -Because large quantities of water . A. have polluted B. is being polluted C. has been polluted D. have been polluted 【解析】D考查动词时态，语态和主谓语一致。根据前一分句可知所填动词表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，时态用现在完成时，动词与主语是被动关系，用被动语态。主语是large quantities of water，其中心词是quantities，是复数，谓语动词用复数，选D。
初高中语法衔接八大时态基本结构（附练习题及答案） 一般现在时态：主语+动词的一般现在式（注意三单）+其他成分 例子：We study English everyday. He/She/Li Ping studies English hard. 一般过去时态：主语+动词的一般过去式+其他成分 例子：We/He studied English last year. 一般将来时态：主语+ will/ shall/ am/is/are going to/ +动词原形+其他成分 (about)to 例子：We/He will study English next year. 过去将来时态：主语+would +动词原形+其他成分 例子：He told us that we would study English in 3 days. 现在进行时态：主语+ am/is/are +动词的现在分词（v-ing形式）+其他成分 例子：We are studying English now. he is studying English now. 过去进行时态：主语+was/were+ v-ing形式+其他成分 例子：We were studying English this time yesterday. He was studying English this time yesterday. 现在完成时态：主语+ have/has done（动词的过去分词）+ 其他成分 例子：We have studied English for 5 years. He has studied English for 5 years. 过去完成时态：主语+ had done + 其他成分 例子：He/We had studied English for 3 years before he/we entered Bo Luo Middle School.
动词的时态和语态 时态 一般现在时 (1)可表示客观真理、科学事实。 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳从东方升起，从西方落下。 (2)可用在由if，unless引导的条件状语从句，由even/if/though引导的让步状语从句，由when，before，until/till，as soon as，the moment引导的时间状语从句，由no matter what/who/when/where/how或whatever，whoever等引导的让步状语从句中，这时主句往往表将来或主句是祈使句。 I’ll go with you as soon as I finish it. 我一做完，就与你一同去。 Whatever you say，I will not change my mind. 无论你说什么，我都不会改变主意。 一般过去时 表示“刚才，在过去”之意，暗示现在已“不再这样”。 —Your phone number again？I didn’t quite catch it. ——再重述一下你的电话码好吗？我没记下来。 —It’s 9568686. ——是9568686。 一般将来时 (1)“will＋动词原形”表示事物的固有属性与必然趋势。 Fish will die without water.离开水，鱼就会死。 (2)“be going to＋动词原形”可表示根据迹象对未来进行推断。 Look at the dark clouds.It is going to rain. 看那乌云，要下雨了。 (3)“be about to＋动词原形”表示立即的将来，很少与时间状语连用。 The train is about to start.火车就要开了。 (4)位移动词如e，go，arrive等，其一般现在时表按时间表将要发生的事，现在进行时可表计划、安排要做的事。
高中英语动词时态和语态填空题 1. The water will be further polluted unless some measures ________(take)． 2. On the wall ________(hang) a picture. 3. Don't take it away. It ________(belong) to me. 4. —I haven't seen you for ages. Haven't you graduated from college? —Yes. I________(study) English for four years in Nanjing University. 5. Where ________ you________(put) my book? I can't find it anywhere. 6. —Li Pin may not come tonight. —But he ________(promise)． 7. Helen ________(leave) her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband ________(come) home. 8. I _____(hope) to meet Mr. Thompson this morning，but I found nobody left in the room. 9. We plan to reach the North Pole in mid－July，and by then we ____ (walk) for six weeks. 10. —Have you moved into the new house? —Not yet. The rooms ____________(paint)． 11. My father ______(fall) while he ______(ride) his bicycle and hurt himself. 12. He ____________(fly) over the Atlantic at this time tomorrow. 13. ① Look at the timetable. Flight 4026 ________(take) off at 18：20. plane________(take) off. 14. If you are____________(succeed)，you should work hard. 15. —The light is still on. —Sorry. I ________ (go) and turn it off. 16. The water ________ (feel) cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise. 17. Doctors and medical supplies ________ (rush) to the scene of the accident soon after the coal mine explosion. 18. The moment the 28th Olympic Games _____ (declare) open，the whole world cheered. 19. I want to buy that kind of cloth because I ______ (tell) the cloth ______(wash) well. 20.①Wang Ming is said ________ (study) abroad, but I am not sure which country it was ②Linda is thought ________ (work) in Africa, but I really don't know what country she's working in. 21. (2013·浙江卷)During the last three decades，the number of people participating in physical fitness programmes ________ (increase) sharply. 22. (2012·江苏卷)The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he ________ (meet) some European business partners. 23. Unfortunately，when I got to her flat，she ________ (leave)，so we had only time for a few words. 24. Kate________ (work) on her new novel，which is supposed to come out next month. 25. —I ran into the back of a truck yesterday and damaged my car badly.
高中英语动词时态和语态专项练习题附答案 而语境中的时态和语态具有灵活多变的特点，因此找出隐含于上下文中的时间信息，正确认定动作行为所发生的时间是解题的关键。做动词时态和语态填空题时，常常按以下几个步骤：(1)注意题干所提供的信息，如语境、情景以及说话人的情感;(2)根据句中的时间状语以及一些副词判断时态;(3)考虑语态;(4)考虑时态的一致性。另外，复习时，还要涉及到短暂性动词与延续性动词，这两个概念一定要搞清。短暂性动词用于进行时态和完成时态都要受到限制。 1.(2002全国高考题)—You haven’t said a word about my new coat，Brenda.Do you like it? —I’m sorry I ________ anything about it sooner.I certainly think it’s pretty on you. A.wasn’t saying B.don’t say C.won’t say D.di dn’t say 2.(2002全国高考题)I wonder why Jenny ________us recently.We should have heard from her by now. A.hasn’t written B.doesn’t write C.won’t write D.hadn’t written 3.(2003北京春季高考题)—When will you come to see me，Dad? —I will go to see you when you ________ the training course. A.will have finished B.will finish C.are finishing D.finish 4.(2003北京春季高考题)—How long ________ at this job? —Since 1990. A.were you employed B.have you been employed C.had you been employed D.will you be employed 5.(2003上海春季高考题)By the end of last year，another new gymnasium ________ in Beijing. A.would be completed B.was being completed C.has been completed D.had been completed 6.(2002北京高考题)The little girl ________her heart out because she ________ her toy bear and believed she wasn’t ever going to find it. A.had cried; lost B.cried; had lost C.has cried; has lost D.cries; has lost 7.(2002北京高考题)—Excuse me，sir.Would you do me a favor? —Of course.What is it? —I ________ if you could tell me how to fill out this form. A.had wondered B.was wondering C.would wonder D.did wonder 8.(2002上海高考题)He will have learned English for eight years by the time he ________ from the university next year. A.will graduate B.will have graduated C.graduates D.is to graduate 9.(2002上海高考题)I feel it is your husband who ________for the spoiled child. A.is to blame B.is going to blame C.is to be blame D.should blame 10.He has been writing the composition the whole morning and he still ________. A.has been B.does C.has D.is
高中英语动词的时态与语态 动词的时态 时态的构成形式列表： 一、一般现在时 1）表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语：every…, sometimes,at…, on Sunday。例如： I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如： The earth moves around the sun. 3）表示格言或警句。例如： Pride goes before a fall.﹝骄者必败。﹞ 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 4）现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如： I don't want so much.。 Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。 I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。
二、一般过去时 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如：Where did you go just now? 2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。例如： When I was a child, I often played football in the street. Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 3）句型：It is time for sb. to do sth"到……时间了""该……了"。 例如：It is time for you to go to bed. It is time that sb. did sth. "时间已迟了""早该……了" ， 例如It is time you went to bed.你早该睡觉了。 would （had）rather sb. did sth.表示'宁愿某人做某事'。 例如：I'd rather you came tomorrow. 4）wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等，而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。例如：I thought you might have some. 比较：Christine was an invalid all her life.（含义：她已不在人间。）Christine has been an invalid all her life.（含义：她现在还活着） Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。） Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去） 注意：用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。 1）动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。例如： Did you want anything else? I wondered if you could help me. 2）情态动词could, would。例如： Could you lend me your bike? 典型例题 ---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it. ---- It's 69568442. A. didn't B. couldn't C. don't D. can't 答案A. 本句虽没有明确的时间状语，但从语意上看出，在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过去，因此应用过去时。 三、一般将来时 1）shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征
初升高衔接动词时态 1.动词的时态 其中常用的有8种，它们是：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时、过去进行时、过去完成时和过去将来时。 （1）一般现在时的基本用法 1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语：every…, sometimes,at…, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. （2）一般过去时的用法： 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况，通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词，词组或从句,如yesterday, the day before last, last week, two days ago 等,上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。 I worked in that factory last year. 【注意】 1) 过去经常反复发生的动作，也可用used to或would加动词原形来表达，例如：I used to go fishing on Sundays. 2) “used to”也可用于表示过去曾经存在过的状态。例如：This river used to be clean. （3）一般将来时的用法 1）表示将来的动作或状态。例如：I shall attend the meeting tomorrow. 2）表示将来反复发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：He will go to see his mother every Saturdays. 3）表示将来的意愿，决心，许诺，命令等常用will，征求对方意见，主语是第一人称时，常用shall。 I will do my best to catch up with them. Shall I open the door? 4）be + going + 不定式。表示打算，计划，最近或将来要作的某事。I am going to Beijing next week. 5）be + 动词不定式。表示职责，义务，可能，约定，意图等。 There is to be a meeting this afternoon. W e are to meet the guests at the station. 6）be about + 动词不定式，表示马上，很快作某事。They are about to leave. （4）现在进行时的用法 1）表示正在发生或者进行的动作，它注重正在进行，而不管什么时间开始，什么时间结束。 What are you doing now? I am looking for my key. 2）表示目前一段时间内正在进行的动作。The students are preparing for the examination. 3）某些动词的现在进行时可表示即将发生的动作，这些动词有arrive, come, leave, start等。 They are going to Hong Kong tomorrow. （5）现在完成时的用法 1) 过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与already, ever, never, just ,yet等副词连用。 I have just finished my homework. 我刚刚完成我的家庭作业。 He has been to Germany. 他去过德国。 2、表示从过去某时刻开始，持续到现在的动作或情况，并且有可能会继续持续下去，此时经常用延续性动词。时间状语常用since加一个过去的时间点，或for加一段时间，或加一个现在时间。 I have known him for three years. 我认识他三年了。 He has lived here since 1995.他自1995年以来就住在这儿。 3，非延续性动词arrive, come, go, join, leave, buy, begin, get, start, become, borrow 等，在现在完成时态中不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 He has joined the army.他参军了。He has been in the army for a year.他参军已经一年了。(换成可以延续的动词)He joined the army a year ago.(用过去时) 【注意】 I saw this film yesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了，不涉及现在） I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。） （6）过去进行时的用法 表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。例如：I was watching TV when she came to see me. 【注意】They were building a house last month. （上个月正在建造，建造好与否不知） They built a new house last month. （上个月建造好了，动作已经完成） （7）过去完成时的用法 表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或所处的状态，过去完成时常和by , before 等词组成的短语和从句连用。