run的词性：
v.（动词）
ran[] run，running，runs
run的词性：
v.intr.（不及物动词）
1. To move swiftly on foot so that both feet leave the ground during each stride. 跑，奔：每跨一步时双脚同时离开地面地快速移动
2. To move at a fast gallop. Used of a horse.
奔驰：飞跑，疾驰。用于指马
3. To retreat rapidly; flee:
快速撤退；逃跑：
用法与例句：
seized the money and ran.
抓了钱就跑
4. To move without hindrance or restraint:
跑来跑去：自由自在地走动：
用法与例句：
dogs that always ran loose.
总是自由活动的狗
5. To keep company:
结伴，交往：
用法与例句：
runs with a wild crowd.
与一群野蛮的人为伴
6. To go or move about from place to place; roam:
乱走，游荡：从一地到另一地的走动或移动；游荡：
用法与例句：
I am always running about, looking for my glasses.
我总是在到处走，寻找我的眼镜
7. To migrate, especially to move in a shoal in order to spawn. Used of fish. 洄游：移动，尤指为产卵而在浅滩游动。用于指鱼
8. To move or go quickly; hurry:
赶走，赶紧：快速移动或走动；赶快：
用法与例句：
run for the police; ran for help.
赶快去警察局；赶快去求救
9. To go when in trouble or distress:
投靠：遇麻烦或消沉时去：
用法与例句：
He is always running to his lawyer.
他总是去投靠他的律师
10. To make a short, quick trip or visit:
跑一趟（很短的距离）：到很近的地方去一会或拜访一下：
用法与例句：
ran next door to borrow a cup of sugar; ran down to the store.
快去隔壁借一杯糖；去一趟百货店
11. To take part in a race or contest:
竞赛：参加比赛或竞争：
用法与例句：
ran in the marathon; athletes who run for the gold medal.
参加马拉松跑；运动员为金牌而赛
12. To compete in a race for elected office:
竞选：参加竞选某一职位：
用法与例句：
ran for mayor.
竞选市长
13. To finish a race or contest in a specified position:
获得：在赛跑或比赛中获得某种名次：
用法与例句：
ran second.
跑了个亚军
14. To move freely, on or as if on wheels:
行驶：在或好象在轮子上自由移动：
用法与例句：
The car ran downhill. The drawer runs on small bearings.
汽车驶向下坡。抽屉有一点推力就滑动
15. To be in operation:
开动，运转：
用法与例句：
The engine is running.
发动机正在运转
16. To go back and forth especially on a regular basis; ply:
（尤指定期地）来回行驶；定期行驶：
用法与例句：
The ferry runs every hour.
货船一小时往来一趟
17.Nautical To sail or steer before the wind or on an indicated course: 【航海】（船）起程：在风到来之前或按既定航程行驶或驾驶：
用法与例句：
run before a storm.
在暴风雨来临之前起程
18. To flow, especially in a steady stream:
流淌（尤指在稳定的水流中）：
用法与例句：
Fresh water runs from the spring. Turn on the faucet and let the water run. 新鲜的水是从泉中流出的。打开水龙头任意让水流吧
19. To emit pus, mucus, or serous fluid:
流出：流出脓、粘液或浆液：
用法与例句：
Pollen makes my nose run.
花粉使我流鼻涕
20. To melt and flow:
（固体）融化：融化并流动：
用法与例句：
A hot flame will make the solder run.
热的火焰使焊料融化
21. To spread or dissolve, as dyes in fabric:
（如织物上染料）渗化或渗色：
用法与例句：
Colorfast garments are not supposed to run.
不掉色的衣服应该不渗色的
22. To extend, stretch, or reach in a certain direction or to a particular point: 延伸：向某一方向或某一点延伸、伸展或到达：
用法与例句：
This road runs to the next town.
这条路伸向临近的一个镇
23. To extend, spread, or climb as a result of growing:
蔓生：因成长而延伸、散开或爬：
用法与例句：
Ivy ran up the wall.
常春藤顺着墙向上爬
24. To spread rapidly:
传播：迅速传播：
用法与例句：
disease that ran rampant.
猖獗地传播的疾病
25. To be valid in a given area:
在某一特定地区有效：
用法与例句：
The speed limit runs only to the town line.
时速限制只在去镇上的路上有效
26. To be present as a valid accompaniment: 伴随存在：作为有效伴随物存在：
用法与例句：
Fishing rights run with ownership of the land. 具有土地的所有权便具有打渔权
27. To unravel along a line:
脱线：沿一条线脱散：
用法与例句：
Her stocking ran.
她的袜子脱丝了
28. To continue in effect or operation:
继续有效，继续运行：
用法与例句：
a lease with one year to run.
还有一年有效期的租借
29. To pass:
流逝：
用法与例句：
Days ran into weeks.
日子一天天过去，转瞬就是几个星期
30. To tend to persist or recur:
连续：持续存在或不断重复出现：
用法与例句：
Stinginess seems to run in that family.
那一家好象一直很吝啬
31. To accumulate or accrue:
积累，产生：
用法与例句：
The interest runs from the first of the month.
借贷利息从本月一日开始算起
32. To become payable.
成为应付款的
33. To take a particular form, order, or expression:
写着，说着：采用某一特定形式、顺序或表达方式：
用法与例句：
My reasoning runs thus. The report runs as follows.
我的逻辑是这样的。报告如下
34. To tend or incline:
倾向于：
用法与例句：
Their taste in art runs to the bizarre.
他们的艺术品味倾向于稀奇古怪
35. To occupy or exist in a certain range:
占据或存在某一范围内：
用法与例句：
The sizes run from small to large.
号码大小不一
36. To be presented or performed for a continuous period of time: 连续演出：很长一段时间一直进行或表演：
用法与例句：
The play ran for six months.
这个剧连演了六个月
37. To pass into a specified condition:
处于进入某种特定境遇：
用法与例句：
We ran into debt.
我们开始负债了
run的词性：
v.tr.（及物动词）
38. To travel over on foot at a pace faster than a walk: 跑：脚步比散步快的行进：
用法与例句：
ran the entire distance.
跑了全程
39. To cause (an animal) to move quickly or rapidly: 使跑，使奔：使（动物）快跑：
用法与例句：
We run our hunting dogs every morning.
每天早上我遛猎狗跑
40. To allow to move without restraint.
允许…自由地移动
41. To do or accomplish by or as if by running:
奔走着做：通过跑或是类似跑来做或完成：
用法与例句：
run errands.
跑腿
42. To hunt or pursue; chase:
狩猎；追逐：
用法与例句：
dogs running deer.
逐鹿的狗
43. To bring to a given condition by or as if by running: 使达到：通过跑或类似跑来使…达到某种情况：
用法与例句：
The toddlers ran me ragged.
学步的儿童使我筋疲力尽
44. To cause to move quickly:
使…快速移动：
用法与例句：
She ran her fingers along the keyboard.
她的手指在琴键上飞快地移动
45. To cause to compete in or as if in a race:
使…象赛跑一样竞争：
用法与例句：
He ran two horses in the Kentucky Derby.
在肯德基马赛中他让两只马参赛
46. To present or nominate for elective office:
提出（侯选人）：引见或提名…竞选职务：
用法与例句：
The party ran her for senator.
这个党提名她为议员侯选人
47. To cause to move or progress freely.
使通过：使自由移动或进展顺利
48. To cause to function; operate:
使运转；操作：
用法与例句：
run a machine.
操作机器
49. To convey or transport:
载送；捎带：
用法与例句：
Run me into town. Run the garbage over to the dump. 把我送到镇上。把垃圾运到垃圾筒内
50.Nautical To cause to move on a course:
【航海】使驶向：使按航道行驶：
用法与例句：
We ran our boat into a cove.
我们把船驶向小海湾
51. To smuggle:
偷运，走私：
用法与例句：
run guns.
私运枪支
52. To evade and pass through:
穿过：避开并穿过：
用法与例句：
run a roadblock.
穿过路障
53. To pass over or through:
穿过，越过：
用法与例句：
run the rapids.
冲过急流
54. To cause to flow:
使流动：
用法与例句：
run water into a tub.
把水注入管道中
55. To stream with:
流出：
用法与例句：
The fountains ran champagne.
泉水流出香槟酒
56.Metallurgy
【冶金学】
57. To melt, fuse, or smelt (metal).
溶化，熔合或熔炼（金属）
58. To mold or cast (molten metal):
浇铸，溶铸（溶化了的金属）：
用法与例句：
run gold into ingots.
把金子浇铸成金锭
59. To cause to extend or pass:
使延伸或经过：
用法与例句：
run a rope between the poles.
在两端之间绕一根绳
60. To mark or trace on a surface:
描，划：在表面上标出或画出：
用法与例句：
run a pencil line between two points.
在两点之间用铅笔画一条线
61. To sew with a continuous line of stitches: 匆忙地缝：用一条连续的线缝：
用法与例句：
匆忙地缝线
62. To cause to unravel along a line: 使脱线：使沿一条线脱落：
用法与例句：
She ran her stocking on a splinter.
在裂片上划了袜子而使之脱丝
63. To cause to crash or collide:
使相撞，使撞入：
用法与例句：
ran the car into a fence.
把汽车撞上篱笆
64. To cause to penetrate:
使…刺入：
用法与例句：
I ran a pin into my thumb.
我的大拇指进了刺
65. To continue to present or perform: 继续展出，继续上演：
用法与例句：
ran the film for a month.
这部电影上演了一个月
66. To publish in a periodical:
刊登，刊印：在刊物上出版，刊登：
用法与例句：
run an advertisement.
刊登广告
67. To subject or be subjected to:
冒（危险等）：使…遭受或遭受：
run a risk.
冒一次险
68.Games
【游戏】
69. To score (balls or points) consecutively in billiards:
连续得（分）：（台球中）连续击（球或得分）：
用法与例句：
run 15 balls.
连续击15次球
70. To clear (the table) in pool by consecutive scores.
连续得分：（台球）连续得分将案上的球全部击掉
71. To conduct or perform:
进行，执行：
用法与例句：
run an experiment.
进行实验
https://www.doczj.com/doc/691538396.html,puter Science To process or execute (a program or an instruction). 【计算机科学】执行或进行（程序或命令）
73. To control, manage, or direct:
控制，管理，指导：
用法与例句：
ran the campaign by himself; a bureau that runs espionage operations.
由他自己管理比赛；管理间谍活动的部门
run的词性：
n.（名词）
74. A pace faster than a walk.
跑步，奔跑：比散步快的一种步伐
75. A fast gallop. Used of a horse.
奔驰：快速奔驰。用于指马
76. An act of running.
奔跑：奔跑的行为
77. A distance covered by or as if by running.
跑距：奔跑或好象奔跑的路程
78. The time taken to cover such a distance:
奔跑的时间：经过奔跑的这段路程所需要时间：
用法与例句：
It is a two minutes' run from the subway.
从地铁跑两分钟就到了
79. A quick trip or visit:
短期旅行或访问：
用法与例句：
a run into town.
进城一趟
80.Sports A running race:
【体育运动】赛跑：
用法与例句：
the winner of the mile run.
英里赛跑冠军
81. A campaign for public office:
竞选：为公共职位而进行的竞选：
用法与例句：
She managed his successful senatorial run.
她为他竞选议员的成功做了安排
82. Abbr. r, r Baseball A point scored by advancing around the bases and reaching home plate safely.
缩写r，r【棒球】垒得分，跑垒：绕垒跑而安全到达本垒板得分
83.Football A player's attempt to carry the ball past or through the opposing team, usually for
a specified distance:
【橄榄球】持球跑打法：运动员持球跑过对方球队（通常有一定的距离）的打法：
用法与例句：
a 30-yard run.
三十码持球跑
84. The migration of fish, especially in order to spawn.
洄游：鱼群的洄游，尤指为了产卵
85. A group or school of fish ascending a river in order to spawn.
洄游鱼群：游向河的下游去产卵的一群鱼
86. Unrestricted freedom or use:
使用（或出入）的自由：
用法与例句：
I had the run of the library.
我可自由使用图书馆
87. A stretch or period of riding, as in a race or to the hounds.
行程：（赛跑或狩猎等的）行进的路程和时间
88. A track or slope along or down which something can travel:
走向，动向：某物能通过的轨迹或坡度：
用法与例句：
a logging run.
航行方向
89.Sports A particular type of passage down a hill or across country experienced by an athlete, especially a skier or bobsledder:
【体育运动】滑道：运动员（尤指滑雪运动员或大雪橇运动员）沿山而下穿过的特殊通道：
用法与例句：
had two very good runs before the end of the day.
天黑之前有两个滚动特别好的滑组
90.Sports The distance a golf ball rolls after hitting the ground.
【体育运动】滚动距离：高尔夫球触地后滚动的距离
91. A scheduled or regular route.
路线：定好的或规则的线路
92. The territory of a news reporter.
采访范围：新闻报道的范围
93. A continuous period of operation, especially of a machine or factory. 运行时间：（尤指机器或工厂的）持续运行时间
94. The production achieved during such a period:
运行产量：运行时间内所生产的产品数量：
用法与例句：
a press run of 15,000 copies.
一万五千份的印刷运行产量
95. A movement or flow.
移动，流动
96. The duration of such a flow.
流动时间：流动所经过的时间
97. The amount of such a flow.
流量
98. A pipe or channel through which something flows.
水管，渠道，水槽：某物流动所通过的管道或渠道
99.Eastern Lower Northern U.S. See creek
【美国中北部以东】参见creek
100. A fall or slide, as of sand or mud.
滑落：（沙或泥的）下落和滑动
101. Continuous length or extent:
连续的一段长度和范围：
用法与例句：
a five-foot run of tubing.
一段五英尺长的管道
102.Geology A vein or seam, as of ore or rock.
【地质学】地层：（矿石或岩石）矿脉或矿层
103. The direction, configuration, or lie:
布局，分布：方向，结构或位置：
用法与例句：
the run of the grain in leather.
皮革粒面的分布
104. A trail or way made or frequented by animals.
（动物经常出没）的路径
105. An outdoor enclosure for domestic animals or poultry:
饲养场：禽和动物的户外饲养处：
用法与例句：
a dog run; a turkey run.
养狗场；火鸡场
106. A length of torn or unraveled stitches in a knitted fabric.
抽丝，脱针：织物上的一段脱落的针角
107. A blemish caused by excessive paint flow.
挂流：由于油漆刷得过厚引起的瑕疵
108. An unbroken series or sequence:
一连串，一系列：不断的一系列或一组：
用法与例句：
a run of dry summers.
接连不断的干燥夏季
109. An unbroken sequence of theatrical performances.
连演：戏院表演的不断进行
110.Music A rapid sequence of notes; a roulade.
【音乐】连奏，急唱：一组快节奏的音节；滚奏
111. A series of unexpected and urgent demands, as by depositors or customers: 争购，挤兑：存款人或顾客等的令人意外且紧急的提款要求：
用法与例句：
a run on a bank.
银行的挤兑
112. A continuous set or sequence, as of playing cards in one suit.
同花顺子：（玩牌时同一花色的）连着的一系列
113. A successful sequence of shots or points.
连中：一系列打中或得分
114. A sustained state or condition:
连续：持续的状态或情况：
用法与例句：
a run of good luck.
连续的好运
115. A trend or tendency:
趋势，动向：
用法与例句：
the run of events.
事情的动向
116. The average type, group, or category:
（普通）类型：平均的类型，一组或分类：
用法与例句：
The broad run of voters want the candidate to win.
投票的大多数普通人希望所选的竞选者获胜
https://www.doczj.com/doc/691538396.html,puter Science An execution of a specific program or instruction. 【计算机科学】运行：对某一程序或指令的执行
118. runs Slang Diarrhea. Often used with the.
runs 【俚语】泻肚。通常和the连用
run的词性：
adj.（形容词）
119. Being in a melted or molten state:
融化的，熔铸的：
用法与例句：
run butter; run gold.
融化的黄油；铸金
120. Completely exhausted from running.
跑得筋疲力尽的
121. To find by chance; come upon.
偶然发现；偶然碰到
122. To pursue; chase.
追赶；追逐
123. To seek the company or attention of for purposes of courting: 追求：为求爱而找伴或吸引其注意力：
用法与例句：
He finally became tired of running after her.
他追求她终于追烦了
124. To encounter unexpectedly; run into.
偶然撞见：意外遇见；与…偶然碰见
125. To work against; oppose:
违反：与…作对；反对：
用法与例句：
found public sentiment running against him.
发现公众反对他的情绪
126. To go away; leave.
离开；走开
127. To flee; escape.
跑开；逃走
128. To leave one's home, especially to elope.
离家出走，尤指私奔
129. To stampede.
（马等）惊跑
130. To stop because of lack of force or power:
停掉，耗尽：因缺乏力量或能量而停止：
用法与例句：
The alarm clock finally ran down.
闹钟终于停了
131. To become tired.
筋疲力尽
132. To collide with and knock down:
与…相撞，把…撞倒：
用法与例句：
a pedestrian who was run down by a speeding motorist.
被一辆疾驰的摩托车撞倒的行人
133.Nautical To collide with and cause to sink.
【航海】撞沉：与…相撞并导致其沉没
134. To chase and capture:
追捕到：追寻并抓到：
用法与例句：
Detectives ran down the suspects.
侦探抓获了嫌疑犯
135. To trace the source of:
追溯：追踪…的来源：
用法与例句：
The police ran down all possible leads in the missing-person case. 警察查遍了这件失踪案的所有可能的线索
136. To disparage:
贬低，说坏话：
用法与例句：
Don't run her down; she is very talented.
不要贬低她；她很有天分的
137. To go over; review:
浏览；复习：
用法与例句：
run down a list once more.
再浏览一下单子
138.Baseball To put a runner out after trapping him or her between two bases. 【棒球】夹杀：当跑垒员陷入两垒之间后将其推出
139. To insert or include as something extra:
插入，补入：把另外一件东西嵌入或包括进来：
用法与例句：
ran in an illustration next to the first paragraph.
在第一段旁边加上插图
140.Printing To make a solid body of text without a paragraph or other break. 【印刷术】使不间断，使不分段，连排：使排字材料不分段落或间隙地连下去
141.Slang To take into legal custody.
【俚语】拘留
142. To go to or seek out the company of in order to socialize; visit:
非正式访问，顺便看望：为交往目的而去与…相伴；拜访：
用法与例句：
We ran in for an hour.
我们拜访了一个小时
143. To meet or find by chance:
偶然遇见，偶然发现：
用法与例句：
ran into an old friend.
与一个老朋友不期而遇
144. To encounter (something):
遭遇，陷入（某件事）：
用法与例句：
ran into trouble.
陷入麻烦
145. To collide with.
与…相撞
146. To amount to:
共计，合计：
主谓一致 使用主谓一致时，必须遵循三个原则，即语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。 一、当单数可数名词、不可数名词、复合不定代词、单个不定式（疑问词＋不定式）、动名词或主语从句以及表示“时间、价值、重量、距离、书名、影片名称”等名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。例如： The curtains are closed and the living room is dark when Mom and Dad enter. Visiting a place like this is always very interesting. Why pleasant smells do not reduce pain in men is a question still to be answered by scientists. 二、all（some, a lot, plenty, any, part, the rest, most等）＋of＋名词作主语以及分数、百分数构成短语作主语时，谓语动词单复数形式取决于of后的名词或代词。表示复数概念用复数；表示单数概念用单数。例如： As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area need repairing. One study says that 90% of our time is spent watching television
or using computers. While the rest of the passengers were getting out, she glanced at the faces around her. 三、在“名词/代词＋介宾结构＋谓语＋…”结构中，谓语动词与名词/代词保持一致，介宾结构看作插入成分。该结构中的常见介词及介词短语有with, together with, along with, as well as, like, but, except, besides, including等。例如： Healthy eating along with regular exercise is probably the only way to become fit. Nobody but Tom and his father has ever been there. 四、a number of / a group of / a variety of / a total of 等构成短语作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；而the number of / the group of / the variety of / the total of 等构成短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： The low number of attacks that happen every year proves that sharks do not feed on humans if they have the choice. Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, work in the clothing industry. 五、quality / pair / amount等构成短语作主语时，谓语动词根据
系动词run的用法 run用作连系动词只限于和少数形容词搭配。 run cold My blood ran cold.我的血都凉了。 The sight of the dead body made his blood run cold.他看见尸体不禁毛骨悚然。The water ran cold when I turned the tap on.我把水龙头打开，水就凉了。 Run dry The well ran dry.这口井干枯了。 The little pond ran dry.那座小池塘干涸了。 The River Wey ran dry during the recent drought近来天气千旱，韦河干涸了。 run high Feelings against him ran high.反对他的情绪高涨。 Feeling over the dismissal ran high.对解雇事件群情鼎沸。 Passions ran high as the election approached.选举日期临近，人们情绪很高涨。 run loose The lion has run loose.狮子从笼子里跑出来了。 run low The petrol's running low.汽油快用完了。 We’re running low on petrol.我们的汽油不多了。 our supplies are running low我们的供应品不多了。 run riot
The crowd ran riot in the streets.群众在街上乱跑。 Football hooligans ran riot through the town.闹事的足球迷在城里胡作非为。Inflation is running riot and prices are out of control.通货极度膨胀，物价失去控制。 run short I have run short of money.我缺钱。 Go and get some more oil so we don't run short.去多弄些油来以免到时候用光了 I'm late for work every day and I'm running short of excuses.我每天迟到，现在找不到什么借口了。 run small These shirts run small这些衬衫小了。 run strong The tide was running strong潮水上涨了。 run wild The violets are running wild in the flower bed.紫罗兰在花圃里疯长。 Those boys have been allowed to run wild.那些男孩子无人管教肆无忌惮。
人教版英语英语现在完成时的用法大全含解析 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．—They say there is a new restaurant near here. —Yes, and it ______ for more than a week. A. has been open B. open C. is opening D. opens 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：——他们说在这附近有一个新的餐馆。——是的，它已经开了一个多星期了。根据 for more than a week ，可知用现在完成时，have/has been done，故选A。 【点评】考查现在完成时，注意识记其标志词。 2．Mike used to be a top student, but he behind since he lost himself in computer games. A. fell B. has fallen C. was D. has been 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意为“Mike过去是尖子生，但自从迷上电子游戏以来成绩落后了”。由since可知but后的主句用现在完成时，瞬间动词fall不能和since引导的时间状语从句连用，故用延续性动词be。故选D。 【点评】本题考查现在完成时中非延续性动词和延续性动词的转换。 3．—Hi, Tom! you ever the Bird's Nest? —Yes, I have. It's fantastic. A. Have, been to B. Have, gone to C. Did, go to 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：——你好，Tom！你曾经去过鸟巢吗？——是的，我去过。它是极好的。根据答语—Yes, I have.可知是以have开头的现在完成时的一般疑问句，排除C。have been to+地点名词，去过某地，去了并且回来了；have gone to+地点名词，去了某地，去了还没有回来，在去或者回来的路上。根据It's fantastic.可知去了并且回来了，故选A。 【点评】考查短语辨析，注意平时识记其区别，理解句意。 4．——Where is Mr. Wang? ——He together with his students ________ Zhuyuwan Park. A. has gone to B. have gone to C. has been to D. have been to 【答案】 A
主谓一致用法总结 I.主谓一致定义 II.谓语受主语支配，和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这叫做主谓一致。 III.例: My favorite food is noodles. II. 主谓一致的重要原则 ?语法原则 ?意义原则 ?就近一致 （一）语法一致 IV.顾名思义，即谓语在语法角度上与主语保持一致，不考虑主语的意义。 V.以单数名词或代词，动词不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时，谓语用复数。例如： 注意：不定式及动名词作主语时，谓语 动词单数。E.g. 2) 由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如： Both you and he are right. Mr. and Mrs. Brown have a son called Tom. 但并列主语如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。例如：The poet and writer has written lots of books. The poet and the writer have come. 可通过名词前定冠词来判断。 3) 由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如： Now every man and every woman has the right to receive education. 4) 主语后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with ，together with 等介词短语时，谓语动词仍用与主语（即前面的词语）保持一致。例如： The teacher with his students is going to have a picnic in the park. The students with the teacher are going to have a picnic in the park. Nobody but two boys was late for class. 5) 集合名词作主语谓语动词要用复数。 如people, police, cattle, clothes等。 集合名词指可用来指称一群对象的词语，这些对象可以是人、动物、或是一群概念等事物。 常见集合名词：people, police, cattle, goods, clothes等。 e.g. The police are looking for him. ?有些集合名词如class, team, group, family 根据其表达意义不同，单复数用法也不同。
英语现在完成时的用法大全附解析百度文库 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．Nancy for five years. A. was dying B. has died C. died D. has been dead 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：南西去世五年了。A. was dying过去进行时态；B. has died现在完成时态；C. died一般过去时态； D. has been dead现在完成时态。句子强调的是过去开始的动作或状态一直延续到现在，句子用现在完成时态；die是一个非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语for…连用，用成be dead。故选D。 【点评】本题考查时态辨析。某人去世了多少年就用延续性动词的现在完成时，has been dead。 2．Mike used to be a top student, but he behind since he lost himself in computer games. A. fell B. has fallen C. was D. has been 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意为“Mike过去是尖子生，但自从迷上电子游戏以来成绩落后了”。由since可知but后的主句用现在完成时，瞬间动词fall不能和since引导的时间状语从句连用，故用延续性动词be。故选D。 【点评】本题考查现在完成时中非延续性动词和延续性动词的转换。 3．— Hobo and Eddie the cinema to watch the film Zootopia. — Oh, that's why I can't find them now. A. have gone to B. have been to C. has gone to D. has been to 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】考查主谓一致。句意：——侯博和埃迪去了电影院看电影《疯狂动物城》。——哦，这就是为什么我现在找不到他们的原因。have gone to去了；been to去过。Hobo and Eddie作主语，谓语动词要用复数形式。所以选A。 4．—What _______ you just now? —Don't worry. Nothing _______.
主谓一致的用法讲解 一、概述 句子的主语有单复数及人称的变化，其谓语动词需要根据主语的人称和数的不同而有所变化。即：谓语动词与其主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。 Her dreams have come true. 她的梦想实现了。 Her dream has come true. 她的(一个)梦想实现了。 从以上两个例句可以看出谓语动词随主语的数而变化。 She/He often arrives school late. 她(他)常常上学迟到。 They often arrive school late. 他们常常上学迟到。 You often arrive school late. 你常常上学迟到。 从以上三个例句可以看出谓语动词随主语的人称变化而变化。 I am a teacher. 我是老师。 He/She is a teacher.他（她）是老师。 They are teachers.他们是老师。 从以上三个例句可以看出谓语动词be随主语的人称变化而变化。 二、主语与谓语一致所遵循的三个原则 主语的人称，特别是主语的数是决定谓语形式的关键。除第一人称I和第二人称you之外，单数主语之后的谓语动词用单数形式；复数主语之后的谓语动词用复数形式。主语和谓语动词的一致要遵循下面三个原则： 1、语法上的一致 所谓语法一致原则，即主语和谓语的语法形式在人称和数上取得一致。谓语的单、复数形式依据主语的单、复数形式而定:主语为复数，谓语动词用复数；主语为单数或者是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。 China belongs to the Third World. 中国属于第三世界。 We are sure he will come. 我们肯定他会来。 使用语法一致的情况 （1）当主语是and，both…and连接的并列结构 如果主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或物，则谓语动词用复数。 My mother and I have seen the film. 我妈妈和我已看过这部电影。 Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China. 在中国的这个地方既种稻子又种小麦。 注意：由and连接的并列主语前面分别有each，every，no修饰时，其谓语动词用单数形式。Every boy and every girl has to receive education in our country. 在我国每一个男女孩子都得受教育。 No student and no teacher was invited to the party. 师生没有被邀请参加晚会。 （2）主语后面接说明主语的修饰语 主语后面接说明主语的修饰语如with，along with，together with，as well as，like，rather than，but，except，besides，including，in addition to，谓语动词不受修饰成分的影响，仍保持同主语一致的关系。 The teacher with two students was at the meeting. 那位老师和两个学生参加了会议。 The girl as well as the boys has learned to drive a car. 这个姑娘和男孩子一道，也学会了开汽车。 A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation as a gift.一个有5000册书的图书馆作为礼物赠送给了国家。
主谓一致问题： 动名词短语,不定式短语, 名次性从句作主语, 谓语用单数 Doing this is not very easy. To do this alone is not possible. That he is honest is known to all. 主语带有together/along with, such as, as well as, accompanied by, including, rather than 等附加成分, 谓语的数不受附加成分的影响; My father, together with his wife and son, is going to visit China. 表示时间,距离,金额, 重量, 面积, 体积, 容积等度量的名词短语作主语时, 谓语用单数 Ten dollars is not too much. 下面用and连接的主语表示一个概念, 谓语用单数: law and order法制 a cup and saucer 茶杯碟子
the needle and thread 针线 horse and carriage马车 bread and butter奶油面包 soap and water肥皂水 fork and knife刀叉 trial and error反复尝试, 不断摸索 time and tide岁月 the ebb and flow盛衰, 潮涨潮落 某些固定结构中谓语的数 many a(each/every)( more than one)+ 单数名词, 谓语用单数 the number of(neither/either of)( one and a half)+ 复数名词, 谓语用单数 1. If law and order ___ not preserved, neither the citizen nor his property is safe. A. is B. are C. was D. were 2. how close parents are to their children __ a strong influence on the character of the children.
精品文档 run 短语集锦 run away (from) 走掉，跑开；逃避。如： Don’t run away. I’ve something to say to you. 别跑，我有话和你说。 You can’t keep running away from your responsibilities all the time. 你不能总是逃避你的责任。 run across无意间碰到。如： I ran across her in the public library yesterday. 我昨天在公共图书馆碰见她了。 run out 用完，耗尽；(指协议﹑文件等）失效, 过期。如： Our food is running out. Will you go to the supermarket to buy some bread？我们的食物快吃完了，你能到超市买些面包吗？ My passport has run out for a month. 我的护照已经失效一个月了。 run out of 用完某物。如： The aircraft will run out of fuel in another hour. 再过一小时飞机的燃料就将用完。 run over溢出；撞倒并碾过；复习。如： The bath is running over — turn the taps off. 浴池的水溢出来了。把水龙头关上。 He ran over a rabbit as he was driving back from a meeting. 他在会后开车回来的路上撞了一只兔子。 Let’s run over our lines again before our performance on the stage. 精品文档
Lead in 一般过去时导入：一般过去时的概念 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 I lost my pen.(过去时) I have lost my pen.（现在完成时） 过去时一般表示过去所发生的动作或存在的状态。“我把笔丢了”，说话人只是想告诉对方在过去的某一个时间里他的笔丢了，仅此而已。（仅仅是在陈诉过去的一个事实，与现在没有关系） New lesson 一．现在完成时的构成： 助动词have/has(not) +动词过去分词 She has turned on the lights. 肯定式：have/ has+过去分词 否定式：haven’t/hasn’t+过去分词 疑问式：把have/has 提到主语前面 肯定回答：Yes,…have/has 否定回答：No,…..haven’t/hasn’t 二．用法 1.表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果. 例如:She has gone. 她走了. She went in the past.(She is not here
now.) I have just cleaned my hands. 我刚洗过手。（“洗手”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“手干净了”） I have closed the door. (The door is close now.) She has turned on the lights. (The lights are on now.) He has written his name on the blackboard. (The name is on the blackboard now.) Mother has cooked the dinner. (We can have dinner now.) You have seen the film. （You know what the film is about.) We have cleaned the classroom. (The classroom is clean now.) 2. 表示动作发生在过去，并且一直延续到现在，甚至还可能继续延续下去。这时常和since所引导的短语或从句或for引导的短语连用(for有时可以省去)。以及so far, by now, these days, in the last/past … years/days…等连用。 I have lived here for over ten years. （表示他现在还在这里居住，并且还有可能继续住下去）比较：I lived here ten years ago.(仅仅说明了他十年前在这里记住过的事实,不代表现在他还住在这里) He has studied here since 2006. 都用How long 提问，例： We have learned English for three years. We have learned English since three years ago.
主谓一致的讲解 主谓一致是指： 1）语法形式上要一致，即名词单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1.由and 连接主语时 And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数 1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数 Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students. Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold. 小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子 Both rice and wheat are grown in this area. 2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。 The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting. 那位教授兼作家正在会上发言 A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor. 一位新闻记者兼作家 His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe. 他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行 The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet. 总理兼外长 比较：the writer and the educator have visited our school. the writer and educator has visited our school. His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe. 注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词，指不同的需要分别加冠词，但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可 A boy and girl are playing tennis. 3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数 Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients. Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加 Every boy and (every) girl admires him for his fine sense of humour. Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistake No boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里 注意：many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多 Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie. 4)并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数 A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up. 关于保护环境的法律法规已经起草完成。 The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好 War and peace is a constant theme in history 战争与和平是历史永恒的主题 注意;常被视为主体的结构 A cup and saucer 一副杯碟 A horse and cart 马车 A knife and fork 一副刀叉
高一英语“主谓一致”用法归纳 一、基本概念 所谓一致关系(Agreement)就是在英语句子中各个成分之间必须在人称、数、性等方面要保持一定的语法关系。在英语中最主要的一致关系是主语与谓语动词之间的一致。在判断一个句子主语、谓语是否一致时，要遵循下列三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。一般来说，主语的单复数形式决定着谓语动词需要采用的单复数形式。比较：The student studies very hard.这个学生学习非常努力。The students study very hard.这些学生学习非常努力。 主谓一致的原则说起来简单，但在实际使用中遇到的情况要复杂很多。在处理主谓一致的问题时，可依据上面提到的三个原则。“语法一致”也就是平常说的从语法形式上取得一致，即主语为单数形式，谓语动词亦用单数形式。“意义一致”就是从意义着眼来处理主谓语一致问题。有时，主语形式为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词依意义而定，也采用复数形式。“就近原则”是指谓语动词的人称和数往往和其最近的主语保持一致。 二、基本用法 1.集合名词与谓语动词的一致 集合名词作主语，如果表示整体概念，谓语动词用单数形式；如果强调其成员，则用复数形式。常用的集合名词有： army,audience,class,club,committee,company,couple,crowd,family,flock,group,government,j-ury, majority,minority,organization,party,personnel,publ-ic,staff,team,union等。 The football team are discussing the problem with the coach now. 足球队员们现在正在与教练讨论这个问题。 The police have caught the criminal.警察已经逮捕了那个罪犯。 The majority were/was for the proposal.大多数人赞同这个提议。 Only a minority of students receive the scholarship.只有少数学生获得了奖学金。 【注意】 （1）有些有生命的集合名词作主语时，谓语动词只用复数。这样的名词常用的有：cattle,people,police,folk等。 The cattle are grazing in the fields.牛在田里吃草。 （2）无生命的集合名词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。这样的名词常用的有:clothing,furniture,machinery,jewellery等。 Warm clothing is necessary in cold climates.气候寒冷的地方需要暖和的衣服。 All the furniture has been moved to another room. 所有家具已经搬到了另一个房间里。 2.由either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but(also)...连接的两个名词或代词作主语时，主谓一致遵循就近原则，即谓语动词应与最近的一个主语的人称和数保持一致。 Either he or I am wrong.不是他错就是我错。 Not only the students but(also) the teacher is active in sports and games.不但学生，就连老师都积极参加体育运动。 Does neither the teacher nor the students know this matter? 教师和学生都不知道这件事吗？ 【经典回放】 Either you or one of your students ______ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
主谓一致详细讲解 1.由and所连接的两个名词指同一人物、同一事物、同一概念时，谓语动词要用单数形式。 例如： Both bread and butter were sold out in that grocery. Zhang Hua and Li Ming are good students. 注意:当两个主语为不可分的东西时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： A watch and chain was found on the desk. Bread and butter is nutritious. When and where this took place is still unknown. 注意：一身兼二职的情况：The writer and runner is attending the conference. 2. 由every…and every…, each…and each…, many a…and many a …, no ...and no…等构 成复合主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如: Each man and each woman is invited.每个男人和女人都邀请了。 No boy and no girl is there now. 现在那里没有一个男孩和女孩。 Many a boy and many a girl has been invited.很多男孩和女孩都被邀请了。 In China every boy and every girl has the right to receive education. 在中国每个男孩和女孩都有接受教育的权利。 3. 由or, not only... but also..., not…but…, either...or, neither...nor，whether……or……连接 主语时,谓语与靠近的主语一致，即就近一致的原则。例如： He or his brothers were to blame .Either you or I am mad. Are either you or I mad? Neither you nor he is right. Not only the teacher but also his family were friendly to me. 4. 当主语后跟有with, along with, together with, besides, except, like, including, in addition to, as well as, rather than等词时,谓语动词根据前面的主语变化。例如： All but one were here just now. A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation. She as well as the other teachers is going t o Nanjing. 5. 某些词结尾字母为s, 但并不是复数形式,如: physics, maths , economics (经济学), politics, news…作主语时用单数形式。means, works(著作)单复同形。例如： Physics is very important. Every means has been tried. Every possible means has been used to prevent air pollution, but the sky is still not clear . 6. 当一些由两部分构成的表示衣物或工具的名称作主语时, 谓语用复数形式, 如: trousers , shorts, shoes, glasses, goods, clothes, chopsticks, scissors. 如果这些词由a pair, piece, kind , type ,box + of 修饰,则用单数形式.例如： My trousers are white and his clothes are black. A pair of shoes is lying here. These kinds of glasses are popular. 7.单复数同形的名词，如sheep, deer 等做主语时，应根据主语的单复数意义确定谓语动词 的形式。例如： A deer is over there. Some deer are over there . 8.population做主语时，通常看作单数，若population前有分数、百分数修饰时，则句子谓 语通常用复数。例如： The population in China is very large and 80% of the population live in rural areas . 9. 复数名词, 如: people, police, public ,crew ,cattle作主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式。例如：The police like to help people. People are talking abou t the news .. The cattle are grazing in the fields . 10. 集体名词, 如: family ,crowd ,class ,team ,audience ,committee ,club, group ,enemy ,
▲run about Put your coat on, or you'll catch cold running about.快把外套穿上,不然你到处乱跑会感冒的。run across1(v.+adv.) 〈主英〉开车送give a ride to sb ▲run sb?acrossDon't wait for the bus in this cold weather; I'll get the car and run you across to your mother's.这么冷的天气别等公共汽车了,我开车送你到你母亲那里去。 run across2(v.+prep.) 1.不期而遇; 偶然发现find or meet by chance 〔说明〕run across作此解时通常不用于进行体。 ▲run across sb/sth I ran across her in the public library yesterday.我昨天在公共图书馆碰巧遇见了她。 I ran across my old friend Jail in Paris last week.上星期,我在巴黎遇见老友杰尔。 I ran across a beautiful poem in this book.我在此书中偶然发现了一首好诗。 2.非法地运送… bring or take sth into a country illegally and secretly; smuggle ▲run sth across sth He used to run guns across the border.他过去经常偷运枪支出境。 run after(v.+prep.) ▲run after sb/sth1.追赶try to catch The policemen are running after a prisoner who escaped last night.警察在追捕一名昨夜逃跑的犯人。 The dog was running after a rabbit.那条狗正追逐一只兔子。 Don't bother running after the bus, you'll never catch it.别费劲去追赶那辆公共汽车了,你怎么也赶不上的。 2.追求try to gain the attention and company of Instead of devoting himself to his studies, he wastes his time running after girls.他没致力于学习,而是浪费时间追求女孩子。 If you didn't run after her so much, she might be more interested in you.如果你不是拼命追求她的话,她也许会对你更有兴趣的。 3.伺候perform the duties of a servant for Don't expect me to run after you all your life.别指望我伺候你一辈子。 run against(v.+prep.) 1.碰及,碰撞come into collision with ▲run against sb/sthHe ran against a wall in the darkness.黑暗中他撞在一堵墙上。 While walking on the pavement, he ran against a lamppost.他正在便道上走着,一不注意撞到电灯杆上了。 2.同…竞选compete with sb for an elected office ▲run against sbHe is running against many competitors in the 100 metres.在100米赛跑中,他得对付许多竞赛者。 Roosevelt ran against Hoover in 1932.1932年罗斯福与胡佛竞选总统。 Mr. Price risked defeat in running against Mr. Johnson in the last election.在上次大选中,普赖斯先生冒着失败的风险与约翰逊竞选总统。 3.偶然遇到meet sb by chance ▲run against sbI ran against an acquaintance in the street yesterday.我昨天在街上偶遇一位熟人。
英语现在完成时用法总结含答案解析百度文库 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．—What _______ you just now? —Don't worry. Nothing _______. A. has happens to; has happened B. happened; happened C. happened; has happened D. happened to; has happened 【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意：---刚才你发生了什么事？---别担心，没什么事发生。固定句式What happened to……发生了什么？第二空是回答之前并没有发生任何事情，所以不必担心，用现在完成时，has happened，故答案为D。 【点评】考查动词时态，一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作；现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在造成的结果或影响。 2．—How do you like Beijing, Miss Read? —I've no idea. I _____ there. A. have gone B. have been C. haven't been D. haven't gone 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：---你觉得北京怎么样，瑞得小姐？---我不知道，我没有去过那儿。短语：have been to去过某地（已经返回）；have gone to去了某地（尚未返回），根据句意，故答案为C。 【点评】考查短语辨析，区分have been to与have gone to，理解句子，根据语境判断答案。 3．This museum here for over 80 years. It one of the oldest buildings in this city. A. is; was B. had been; is C. was; has been D. has been; is 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】考查动词的时态。句意：博物馆在这儿有八十多年了。它是这座城市最古老的建筑之一。前句表示从过去一直延续到现在的状态，用现在完成时态；后句表示的是现在的状态，用一般现在时态。故选D。 4．My mother a good example for me since I was young. A. was B. has been C. will be D. is 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：打小以来，妈妈就是我的好榜样。根据时间状语“since l was young”可知，主句应用现在完成时，表示动作从过去一直持续到现在。故选B。