become，get，go，grow，run，turn系动词辨析及搭配用法
发布时间：2009-09-03 来源：网络资源作者:网络资源字号：[大中小] become，get，go，grow，run，turn等系动词辨析及搭配用法
常见的“变成”类系动词有become, get, come, go, grow, fall, turn, run等，都表示从一种状态到另一种状态。尽管意思都差不多，但搭配有差别，若不注意，运用时会出错。我们要注意以下几个方面。
1. 形容词作表语。
go和come是一对相反的词。''go+adj.''表示令人不快的事情，而''come+adj.''表示好的事情。如：
In hot weather, meat goes bad.
Things will come righ in the end.
go与come前面的主语一般是物。如：
误：She goes famous.
正：She becomes(gets) famous.
表语为mad，crazy（古怪的）,blind, lame或表示颜色的词，go前面的主语可以是人。如：
He went mad.
Hearing this, she went red.
run后面接short,dry, low, deep等词，主语多为能流动，能消耗掉的东西。如：
Their money was running short.
Still waters run deep.
但wild作表语，主语可以是人，如：.
Don't let the children run wild.
grow与run相对，接表示人或物特征的静态形容词，也接表示天气的形容词，侧重于“逐渐变成”。如：The girl grew thinner and thinner.
Soon the sky grew light.
turn多接表示颜色的形容词，也接表示天气的形容词，它侧重变得与以前完全不同。如：
The man turned blue with fear.
The weather suddenly turned much colder.
fall接asleep, silent等静态形容词和表示疾病的形容词，但不能接形容词比较级。如：
She fell ill froom cold.
（误）She fell from cold.
（正）She got worse.
fall short（没中）,fall apart（散开）,fall flat（没效果），可作成语记住。
''get+adj.''是口语，用得广泛，get能替代become, become较正式，get与become前面的主语既可以是人又可以是物。如：
He became(got) angry.
His coat has become(got) badly torn.
get较多地与形容词比较级连用。如：
The days are getting longer and longer.
注意：become一般不用于“将来成为”的意思。如：
（误）I hope you will become well.
（正）I hope you will get well.
2. become, turn, get, go, fall能用名词作表语，其它的则不能。如：
His dream has become(got) a reality.
He has turned scientist.
He has gone socialist.
He fell(a) victim to cancer.
注意：go, turn后面的名词通常不带冠词。
３. become, get, grow能接过去分词，并且come和go多接有否定前缀的过去分词。“get＋过去分词”表示一次行为；“become＋过去分词”表示事情发生的最后结果。如：
The string comes untied.
His report went unnoticed.
The fence gets white---washed every year.
She became engaged as a typist.
４. get, go, come能接现在分词，不过它们已失去“成为”的意思。如：
They went in and got chatting together.（开始）
We often go swimming.（去）
He came running in（来）
５. come, grow, get能接不定式，这种结构表示变化过程，come表示“最终变得”get表示“由不……变得”，grow表示“渐渐变得”如：
I've really come to love this place.
Mary's growing to be more and more like her mother.
You'll soon get to like it.
这种结构不能用于带有一段时间的完成时态。如：
（误）They have got to know each other for years.
（正）They have known each other for years.
６. 它们都可以接介词短语，固定搭配需要一个一个地记。如：
They ran out of money.
The problem will come under discussion.
They fell behind the others.
What has become of the girl.
It's getting near tea-time.
我们今后在阅读时，要留心这些系动词的搭配，见得多，善于运用，自然就记得牢了。
新概念英语：系动词的分类及用法大全 系动词 系动词亦称联系动词（Link Verb），作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语（亦称补语），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。 说明： 有些系动词又是实义动词，该动词表达实义时，有词义，可单独作谓语，例如：He fell ill yesterday. 他昨天病了。（fell是系动词，后跟补足语，说明主语情况。） He fell off the ladder. 他从梯子上摔下来。fell是实义动词，单独作谓语。 1）状态系动词 用来表示主语状态，只有be一词，例如： He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。（is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。） 2）持续系动词 用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如： He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。 This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。 3）表像系动词 用来表示"看起来像"这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look, 例如： He looks tired. 他看起来很累。 He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起来很伤心。 4）感官系动词 感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如： This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布手感很软。 This flower smells very sweet. 这朵花闻起来很香。 5）变化系动词 这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run. 例如： He became mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。 She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。 6）终止系动词 表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, trun out, 表达"证实"，"变成"之意，例如：The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。 The search proved difficult. 搜查证实很难。 His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。（turn out表终止性结果） 英语系动词的功能主要是把表语（名词、形容词、某些副词、非谓词、介词短语、从句）和它的主语联系在一起，说明主语的属性、特征或状态。它有自己的但不完全的词义，不能在句中独立作谓语，必须和后面的表语一起构成句子的谓语。
关于be动词、情态动词和实义动词的区别 到目前为止，我们主要学习了三类动词：be动词、情态动词和实义动词。下面我们分别来讲一下它们得用法。 1.be动词属于系动词, 在句子中主要表现为三种形式：am is、are。 后面往往接形容词或名词做表语。如： (1)I’m young. (young形容词做表语) (2)He is a boy.( a boy名词做表语) 含有be动词的句子在进行否定、疑问句变化时，都要在be动词上变化。 (1)变为否定句：主语+be+ not+其他。即，直接在be后not. ①I’m a Chinese boy.(变为否定句) ②You are good. (变为否定句) ③He is strict with us. (变为否定句) ④She is from America. (变为否定句) 以上四个句子中都含有am、is或are，变否定句时，直接在am 、is、are后面加上not.即： ①I’m not a Chinese boy. ②You are not good. ③He is not strict with us. ④She is not from America. (2)变为一般疑问句：Be+主语+其他？即把be动词提到主语的前面。注意：当肯定句主语为第一人称I和We时，变一般疑问句要变为第
二人称，be动词也要相应的变为are.同样肯定句中的my和our 也要变为your. ①I am a boy. (变为一般疑问句) →Are you a student? ②We are good friends. (变为一般疑问句) →Are you good friends? ③She is from America. (变为一般疑问句) →Is she from America? ④He is strict with us. (变为一般疑问句) →Is he strict with us? (3)变特殊疑问句：一般的要求为“对划线部分提问”，即用特殊疑问词代替划线的部分，后接省略划线部分的一般疑问句（一般不再出现划线部分）。如： ①I’m well.（对划线部分提问） →How are you? ②She is from America. （对划线部分提问） →Where is she from? 2.关于情态动词：初中我们常用的情态动词主要有：can、 may、 must、need。我们这里主要以can为例来说明情态动词的用法。 情态动词后面必须接动词的原形。情态动词can的用法类似于be动词。不论主语为第几人称，变否定就是在can后加not.变
中考连系动词考点系统归纳（适用于九 年级） 第一部分 连系动词本身有一定词义，但不完整，不能独立作谓语，必须与表语一起构成合成谓语。 一. 连系动词分类 1. “状态”类：常见的有： be (是)，keep (保持)，stay (保持)，remain (依然)，seem (似乎是)，appear (似乎，显得)，prove (证明是)，这类词表示具有或保持某种特征或状态。 1.He is director of our department．他是我们部门的主任。 2.The meat will keep／stay fresh for several days．肉会保鲜好几天的。 3.The store remains closed．What’s the matter?已经是上午十点了，商店仍然关 着门，是怎么回事? 4.The chairwoman seemed very surprised about the question I asked． 女主席似乎对我提出的问题感到吃惊。 5. The sky appears blue on the earth．从地球上看天空似乎是蓝色的。 6.As time went on，his theory proved (to be) true．随着时间的推移，他的理论 证明是正确的。 ◆keep, remain, stay用法区别 ① keep “保持……状态”，后接adj.或介词短语。其后常见：alive, awake, cheerful, silent, dry, well, fit, fine, close, clean, happy, firm，in one’s stand等。
情态动词与虚拟语气 【语法要点】 情态动词 所谓情态动词是指它含有一定的含义，可以表达某种感情和说话的语气，但是它不可以单独使用 作谓语动词。学习情态动词主要学习英语国家的语言习惯和表达法，特别是在口语中不要过分追求原理，更不要不根据说话场合而进行推理，编造出一些语法结构正确的中文式英语。 一、情态动词的类型 1.只作情态动词的有：must、can、could、may、might、ought to 2.既可作情态动词又可作实义动词的有：need、dare 3.既可作情态动词又可作助动词的有：shall、should、will、would 二、情态动词的特征 1.表示说话人的情感态度，不能单独作谓语，与行为动词或连系动词一起作谓语。 2.情态动词没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形。 3.具有助动词的特征：可用来构成否定句、疑问句或简短答语。 三、情态动词的用法 1.表示能力 （1）表示现在的能力，用can 或be able to。表示一般的能力时多用can，表示“经过努力成功 的做成某事”用be able to。 （2）表示过去的能力，用could或was/were be able to。区别同上。 （3）表示将来的能力，用will be able to。 2.表示推测、可能性 （1）can 用在肯定句中表示客观的可能性，而不表示具体事情实际发生的可能性。 例如：Accidents can happy on such rainy days. （2）表示具体事情实际发生的可能性的情态动词，其表示可能性的层次如下表： 情态动词肯定式否定式疑问式 must 必定、必然、一定 will 很可能、大概不会、不该会,,吗？ would 可能性较will 小不会、不该（较won’t 弱）会,,吗？（较will 弱） should 应该会、理应（表示合乎理想的情况或结果） ought to 与should 同义 can 一定不会、不可能（否定推测）有可能吗？ could 可疑的可能不可能（与can’t 同义）有可能吗？（较can 弱）may 或许、可能、说不定可能不 might 或许、可能（较may 弱）可能不（较may not 弱） 注意→（1）may，must 常用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句和疑问句。 （2）can 常用于否定句，疑问句和感叹句中，表示疑惑、惊讶或不相信等意思。could 既可用于肯定句，又可用于否定句、疑问句中。
系动词，亦称连系动词（Linking Verb），是用来帮助说明主语的动词。它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，其后必须跟表语，构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。 在英语中，系动词的功能主要是把表语（名词、形容词、某些副词、非谓词、介词短语、从句）和它的主语联系在一起，说明主语的性质、特征、品性或状态。它有自己的但不完全的词义，不能在句中独立作谓语，必须和后面的表语一起构成句子的谓语。它虽是虚词，但是其用法是复杂的，而且不可忽视。 关于连系动词后接不定式 ■ 连系动词 be (am,is,are)后根据情况可自由地接不定式作表语： 1).My dream is to be a scientist. 我的梦想是当一名科学家。 2).All you have to do is to listen. 你只需要听。 ■ seem, appear, prove, turn out, grow 等连系动词后也可接不定式(尤其是 to be)短语作表语： 1).The man seemed to be ill. 这个人好像病了。 2).The plan proved to be useful. 这个计划证明是有用的。 3).He appears to know this. 他好像知道这一点。 4).The weather turned out to be fine. 天气结果很好。 5).He has grown to like studying English. 他渐渐喜欢学英语了。 若所接不定式为to be，通常可以省略to be。 ■ sound, smell, feel, taste, become 等连系动词后通常不能接不定式：(也可以 理解为用主动表被动） 误：These oranges taste to be good. (应去掉 to be) 误：The roses smell to be nice. (应去掉 to be) 连系动词look后有时也可接to be，但以省略to be为多。 用法总结：一般地，系动词后接表语：[包括形容词（原级、比较级和最高级均可加）、不定式等]。 系动词的主要分类： 1）状态系动词 用来表示主语状态，只有be一词，例如： He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。（is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。） 2）持续系动词 用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lay, stand, 例如： He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。
中考英语情态动词、助动词、系动词专项讲解 中考英语情态动词、助动词、系动词专项讲解 语法精讲 1.can 和could 2.may 和might 3.need, must和have to 情态动词 4. should和ought to 5. shall, will和would 6. had better 1.can和coul d ① can表示能力，意为“能够，可以”，could用于过去时， 例如He can finish his homework al one. 他可以单独完成作业的。 He couldn’t cook when he was 18 years old. 他18岁时还不会做饭。 ② can表示推测，意为“可能”，在否定句中表示否定的猜测，意为“不可能”，could用于对过去的猜测，can’t be 不可能 例如：He could be cooking at this time yesterday. 他昨天这个时候有可能正在做饭。 He can’t be here be cause he has gone to American.他不可能会在这里，因为他已经去美国了。 ③ can表示请求语气，coul d的语气更委婉， 例如：Can I help you? / Coul d I help you? 有什么我可以为您效吗？ 拓展：be abl e to=can也为“能够”，用来表示能力（有人称和时态的变化） 例如：He is able to d eal with this problem. 他能解决这个问题的。 2.may和 might
① may表示请求，might语气更委婉， 例如：May I help you? Might I sit here? ② may表示肯定的推测，语气比can更弱，might对过去的推测 例如：Mary may be doing her homework now. May can be doing her homework now. can表达的推测语气比may更强，更有把握。 3. must和have to ①must表示命令、责任，意为“一定，必须”，must not/ mustn’t表禁止，“一定不要”， 例如：Children must stay away from strangers.孩子一定要远离陌生人。 You mustn’t play fire because it’s dangerous. 千万不要玩火，因为太危险了。 拓展：在表示禁止时，会用“No Doing”来表示，如No Smoking. / No Walking.等。 ② must表示推测，语气比can更强. 例如：Mr. Liu must be on holiday now because he is wearing pants. 刘老师现在肯定在度假因为他正穿着平底裤呢！（上课是要穿正装的） ③ Must作一般疑问句开头提问时：肯定用must回答，否定用needn’t或d on’t have to回答。 例如：Must I finish my homework now? Yes, you must. / No, you ne edn’t. ④ must 和have to 的区别： a) must没有人称、时态的变化，而have to根据人称、时态的变化，有不同的形式。 b) Must表示主观上必须做，而have to 表示客观需要。
stay; remain; make; feel; go; get; turn; turn; stand; promise; keep; fall; 1. I need to go home and ___________ changed before swimming. 2. Don’t worry. The fruits will __________ fresh for a few day. 3. There are so many problems ____________ to be settled. 4. The house __________ empty. 5. —Will this fish ___________ until tomorrow? —Only if you put it in the fridge. 6. Many students _____________ ill with flu. 7. You are patient. I'm sure you will ________ a very good teacher 8. It __________ good to lie on the beach. 9. Many crimes __________ unreported, which made the police very worried. 10. Happy birthday, Alice! So you have ____________ 21 already! 11. The housewife __________ author, which surprised us a lot. 12. Tonight’s meeting ___________ to be a difficult one. 1. get; 2. stay; 3. remaining 4. stands/stood 5. keep; 6. fell; 7. make; 8. feels; 9. went; 10. turned; 11. turned; 12. promises 英语系动词的功能主要是把表语（名词、形容词、某些副词、非谓词、介词短语、从句）和它的主语联系在一起，说明主语的属性、特征或状态。它有自己的但不完全的词义，不能在句中独立作谓语，必须和后面的表语一起构成句子的谓语。它虽是虚词，但是其用法是复杂的，而且不可忽视。许多英语初学者会因此出现这样那样的错误，然而许多语法书却没作专门系统的介绍。因此，我们有必要小结一下英语系动词用法，以便大家参考。我想从以下四个方面归纳一下英语系动词的用法：I、常见系动词错误及其成因；II、系动词分类；III、系动词用法应注意的8个问题；IV、系动词与高考及其练习。 I、常见系动词错误及其成因：
系动词 连系动词也叫系动词，是表示主语是什么或怎么样的词。它本身有词义，但不能单独做谓语，后面必须跟表语，构成系表结构来说明主语的状况，性质，特征等。系动词主要有： Be,become（变,get,turn,grow,look,feel（seem,sound,taste,smell, appear 常见的连系动词可分为以下五类: 1.表示是的系动词be，(is,am,are)用来表示主语的特征、状 况，性质。 He is a doctor 他是位医生 We are in the classroom 我们在教室里 Li Ming is very happy 李明很高兴 2表示保持一种状态或态度的连系动词，如：keep stay remain 谐音记忆：看那仨人Keep stay Remain 看那仨人 Keep still while I am taking a picture of you 我给你照相是别乱动 The bar often stsys open till twelve at night 这家酒吧经常营业到晚上12点
3表示种状态的从一种状态转变为另一连系动词，如：Go get grow become turn（三G 变态） I became a teacher when I grew up 我长大后成了一名教师 The weather gets warmer and warmer 天气变得越来越暖和了 The leaves turn green in sping 春天树叶变绿了。 4.表示看起来的连系动词，如：look, seem, appear She looks very happy today 今天她看起来很高兴 Her father seems s serious man 他父亲似乎是个严肃的人 Everybody appears well perpared 大家看上去都做了充分的准备 5.表示其他感官感觉到的连系动词，如：feel摸起来, smell 闻起来,taste尝起来,sound听起来 Silk feels soft. 丝绸摸起来很柔软。 The flowers smell very sweet. 这些花闻起来很香 The apple tastes fine.
英语系动词的分类 系动词词义不完整，在句中不能单独使用（除省略句外），后面必须接有表语，系动词和表语一起构成合成谓语。 一、系动词的分类： 常见的系动词大致可分为三类。 第一类：表示特征或状态的，有be，look，feel，seem，appear，smell，taste，sound，turn，out（结果是、证明是）等。 You”ll be all right soon。 You don”t look very well。 I feel rather cold。 He seems to be ill。 It appears that he is unhappy。 The roses smell sweet。 The mixture tasted horrible。 How sweet the music sounds! The day turned out (to be) a fine one。 第二类：表示从一种状态到另一种状态的变化，有become，get，grow，turn，fall，go，come，run等。 He became a world-famous scientist。 It is getting warmer and warmer。 It grew dark。 The food has turned bad。 Yesterday he suddenly fell ill。 Mary”s face went red。 His dream has come true。 The boy”s blood ran cold。 第三类：表示保持状态的，有keep，remain，continue等。 Keep quiet，children! The weather continued fine for a long time。 It remains to be proved。 系动词后的表语可以是名词、代词、数词、形容词、分词、动名词、不定式、副词、介词短语、词组、从句，系动词be可用于上述所有情况。如： The pepople are the real heroes。（名词） That”s something we have always to keep in mind。（代词） She is often the first to come here。（数词） She is pretty and wise。（形容词） The news was surprising。（分词） His job is teaching English。（动名词） The only method is to give the child more help。（不定式） I must be off now。（副词） The bridge is under construction。（介词短语） hat would be a great weight off my mind。（词组）
系动词 一、考点、热点回顾 系动词，亦称连系动词（Link Verb）。作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语，亦称补语（形容词），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。分类: 状态系动词; 持续系动词; 表像系动词；感官系动词; 变化系动词; 终止系动词（一）、状态系动词be 用来表示主语性质或状态，只有be一词 E.g. ①He is a teacher. ②He is ill. (表示主语的状态) 连系动词be 后根据情况可自由地接不定式作表语： E.g. ①My dream is to be a scientist. ② All you have to do is to listen. My hobby is to play basketball. （二）、表像系动词 用来表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look, 例如： E.g. ①He looks tired. ② He seems (to be) very sad. ③She appears 18. But in fact, she is already 28. （三）、持续系动词 用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay, lie, stand, continue. 例如： E.g. ①He always kept silent at meeting. This matter remains a mystery.
It continued/ remained rainy for days. ④The snow lay thick on the ground ⑤ There stands a house near the river. 注意：(1)表示“仍然处于原来的状态”时，remain和stay可以互换，例如： Three of them remained/ stayed single. Shops should remain/ stay open till later in the evening. The door stayed/ remained closed. (2)表示“需要设法才能保持某种状态”时，可用keep和stay. 后常接的形容词有calm, clean, awake, young, warm, fine等. 例如： She knew she must keep/ stay calm. Although they have many difficulties, they keep happy. Paul managed to keep/ stay awake by drinking lots of strong black coffee. （四）、感官系动词 感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, look. 例如： This kind of cloth feels very soft. This flower smells very sweet. The music sounds nice. ④The fish tastes good/ delicious. （五）、变化系动词 这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run. 1.go和come 是一对相反的词. go+ adj.表示令人不愉快的事;
培优十一 Section A 一.单项选择（40分） 1.- Can I park my car in front of the building? - No, you _______. A won't B. can't C. needn't D. couldn't . ( ) 2. - Pauline has lost her phone. - No. It's in her bag. I_______ hear it. A must B. can C. may D. shall 3. - Dad, shall we go to the World Park tomorrow? - Sorry, I won't be free, but you_______ ask Mum to go with you. A must B may C. would D. should 4. The cake_______ delicious. I can't wait to eat it. A feels B sounds C. becomes D. smells 5. That T-shirt_______ be expensive because it's by a famous designer. A can't B mustn't C. must D. should 6. - Dinner is ready. Help yourself! - Wow! It_______ delicious. You are really good at cooking. A looks B sounds C. tastes D. feels 7.- How many English words do you think I should know? - As many as you_______. Then you will find reading quite easy. A will B. must C. can D. might ( ) 8.Hurry up, or you_______ catch the train A can't B needn't C. mustn't D. shouldn't ( ) 9. - Mum, can I finish the work tomorrow? - No, you_______ finish it today. Don't put off today's work till tomorrow. A may B can C. might D. must 10. If you_______ go, at least wait until the rain stops. A can B may C. must D. will 11. There's only one day to go. You_______ finish your schoolwork by tomorrow. A can B. will C. must D. may ( ) 12. - Do you know the song Gangnam Style? - Of course. It_______ interesting. A tastes B. smells C. sounds D. feels 13. - Hurry, Mum! The bus is coming. - Wait a minute, dear. You_______ cross the street until the traffic lights are green A must B need C. mustn't D. needn't 14. The lady in the sitting room_______ be over sixty. She looks so young. A. can't B must C. may D. needn't 15. - Are you in a hurry? - No, I've got plenty of time I_______ wait. A. can B. can't C. must D. mustn't 16. - Is Mr Brown driving here? - I'm not sure. He_______ come by train. A may B. shall C. need D. must 17. - _______ I see your ID card, sir? We have to check your information A May B Must C. Should D. Need 18.- Have you decided where to go for your summer vacation? - Not yet. We _______ go to Qingdao. It's a good place for vacation A may B. need C. must 19. -_______ I have lunch now, Mum? - No, You must wash your hands first. A. Would B. May C. Ought to 20. - Dad, must we wait until the light becomes green? - Yes, I'm afraid we_______. That's the traffic rule A can B. may C. have to D. need 21.- Look at the boy playing basketball on the ground. Is it George? - It_______ be him. He told me he would pl ay basketball after class, but he's not sure. A mustn't B. must C. can't D. may 22.- Two hundred yuan for such a T-shirt! You_______ be joking! - I'm not joking. It's made of silk A can't B. can C. need D. must 23. - Honey, how are you feeling now? - I am much better, Mum. So you _______ take me to see the doctor. A can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. couldn't
常见系动词的分类及使用特点 系动词词义不完整，在句中不能单独使用（除省略句外），后面必须接有表语，系动词和表语一起构成合成谓语。常见的系动词大致可分为三类。 第一类：表示特征或状态的，有 be, look, feel, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, turn out（结果是、证明是）等。 You'll be all right soon. You don't look very well. I feel rather cold. He seems to be ill. It appears that he is unhappy. The roses smell sweet. The mixture tasted horrible. How sweet the music sounds! The day turned out (to be）a fine one. 第二类：表示从一种状态到另一种状态的变化，有 become, get, grow, turn, fall, go, come, run 等。 He became a world-famous scientist. It is getting warmer and warmer. It grew dark. The food has turned bad. Yesterday he suddenly fell ill. Mary's face went red. His dream has come true. The boy's blood ran cold. 第三类：表示保持状态的，有keep, remain, continue 等。 Keep quiet, children! The weather continued fine for a long time. It remains to be proved. 系动词后的表语可以是名词、代词、数词、形容词、分词、动名词、不定式、副词、介词短语、词组、从句，系动词 be 可用于上述所有情况。如： The people are the real heroes. (名词) That's something we have always to keep in mind. (代词) She is often the first to come here. (数词) She is pretty and wise. (形容词). The news was surprising. (分词) His job is teaching English. (动名词) The only method is to give the child more help. (不定式） I must be off now. (副词) The bridge is under construction. (介词短语) That would be a great weight off my mind. (词组) This is why he was late. (从句) 系动词的使用特点： 1、所有的系动词都可接形容词作表语，此处略举数例。
(2018·江苏淮安）15. He explained again and again in order to make what he did ________. A. understand B. understood C. to understand D. understanding 15.B考查非谓语动词。句意：他反复解释，为的是让人理解他的所作所为。动词make后跟过去分词作宾语补足语，意为―使……被……‖，宾语部分what he did和过去分词存在被动关系。故选B。 35. (2018. 贵州铜仁) —Listen! Who is singing in the next room? ——It must be Sally. I often hear her ________ there. A. singing B. sings C. to sing D. sing 35.D 考查非谓语动词。句意：——听，水正在隔壁唱歌？——一定是萨利。我经常听见她在哪里唱歌。hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事，强调经常做或是做某事的过程；hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事，强调动作正在发生，故选D。 39.（2018·广西柳州）Look. Sam is doing some _____ in the library. A. to read B.reading C.read 39.B【解析】考查动词词组。句意：看，,Sam 正在图书馆读书。考查短语do some reading。故选B。 27. （2018·新疆阜康米泉）—Do you still remember _______ this group of friends in 2013? —Yes. But I forget where I _______them. A. seeing；meet B. to see；met C. seeing；met D. seeing；meeting 27. C考查非谓语动词和宾语从句。句意：—你还记得在2013年见过这群朋友吗？—记得。但是我忘了在哪里遇见他们。remember doing sth记得做过某事；remember to do sth记得去做某事。根据时间状语in 2013可知这是记得过去做过的事，故第一空用动名词seeing。第二空根据主句谓语forgot是过去式，因此宾语从句也用一般过去时，故用met。故选C。 30. （2018·新疆阜康米泉）He often takes time_________ summer holiday with his grandparents. A. to spend B. spend C. spent D. spending 30. A考查非谓语动词。句意：他经常花时间和他的祖父母一起度过暑假。take time to do sth.―花费时间做某事‖。to do表示目的，故选A。 7. (2018·辽宁盘锦)Evans had a sore throat. His fiend advised him ______ some hot water. A. drinking B. to drink C. drink D. drank 7. B考查非谓语动词。句意：Evans咽喉痛。他的朋友建议他喝些热水。advise sb. to do sth.意为―建议某人做某事‖。故选B。 26.(2018?云南曲靖)When I saw my father _____ for me on a cold winter night. I couldn‘t keep back my tears. A. wait B. waited C. to wait D. waiting 26.B 考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：当我看到我的父亲在一个寒冷的冬夜里等着我的时候。我无法抑制住我的眼泪。see sb. doing sth. 意为―看到某人正在做某事‖；现在分词作宾语补足语。故选B。 33. （2018·云南）Our parents won‘t allow us in the river alone. A. swim B. to swim C. swimming D. swam 33. B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的父母不允许我们在河里单独游泳。根据标志词allow，可以判断本题考查allow sb to do sth，意为―允许某人干某事‖。故选B。 （2018?甘肃兰州）33. Every morning, Tim often sees groups of middle-aged women in the square. A. dance B. to dance C. dincese D. danced 33. A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意为―每天早上Tim经常看到一些中年妇女群体在广场上
系动词 1. 最常用连系动词：be(am; is/was; are/were)。 2. 表变化的系动词：get; turn; go; fall; become; grow; come; run。 Eg: It is becoming colder and colder. The food has gone bad. 此处还需注意的是become和turn后接表职业的名词时冠词的有无： Eg: Two years later, he became a teacher. 但Two years later, he turned teacher. 另外，go表变化时一般指事情向消极、不好的方面转化。 3. 所谓“感官动词”:look; sound; taste; smell; feel。一般它们在句子中译成：。。。起来；。。。上去。此类系动词为高考高频词。Eg: The food tasted good.食物尝起来很香。 Eg: He looked sadly at the picture. / She looked sad after hearing the news. Tom tasted the food and it tasted good. 4. 表状态的系动词：keep; stay; remain;（依然是；保持）Eg: She remains loyal to her father despite his cruelty towards her. What a lovely day today! I love fine weather and I
hope it will stay fine for some more days. Much remains to be done. 5. 表像系动词：seem; appear。汉语意义：看起来像、似乎、好像。这两个动词有一个共同的特点，即如果要表达时态的变化，需要后接不定时来完成。 Eg: He seemed to have caught cold./ When Father came in, Tom seemed to be eating something. 句型转换也要要求牢记 It seemed that he had caught cold. When Father came in, it seemed that Tom was eating something. 6. 终止系动词：prove; turn out。表达“证实、证明、结果为。。。”之意。 Eg: He proved (to be) right. / The experiment turned out successful. 系动词用法应注意的几个问题 1．一般地说，系动词无进行时态，无被动语态如：Your hand feels cold. The soup tastes good. The dinner smells good. 2．系动词的时态与形容词的比较级连用的问题。 某些含有变化意义的动态系动词如get, become, grow, turn等的进行时态可与形容词的比较级连用，表示渐进过程，其意思是“越来越……”。例如： He is growing taller and taller.