IELTS剑桥雅思4听力原文全手打_非截图

Test 4SECTION 1 Question 1-10Question 1-10Complete the notes below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.SECTION 2 Questions 11-20Questions 11 -15Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.11 To find out how much holidays cost, you should press buttonA oneB twoC three12 Travelite currently offer walking holidaysA only in Western Europe.B all over Europe.C outside Europe.13 The walks offered by TraveliteA cater for a range of walking abilities.B are planned by guides from the local area.C are for people with good fitness levels.14 On Travelite holidays, people holidaying alone payA the same as other clients.B only a little more than other clients.C extra only if they stay in a large room.15 Entertainment is providedA when guests request itB most nightC every nightQuestions 16-20Complete the table below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.SECTION 3 Questions 21-30Complete the table below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.Questions 27-30What problems do the speakers identify for each experiment?Choose your answers from the box and write the letters A-H next to questions 27-30.Experiment 1: 27………………. ……Experiment 2: 28………………. ……Experiment 3: 29………………. ……Experiment 4: Example FExperiment 5: 30………………. ……SECTION 4 Questions 31-40Questions 31-34 Complete the notes below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.Questions 35-38Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.35 Shark meshing uses nets laidA along the coastline.B at an angle to the beach.C from the beach to the sea.36 Other places that have taken up shark meshing includeA South Africa.B New Zealand.C Tahiti.37 The average number of sharks caught in nets each year isA 15.B 150.C 1,500.38 Most sharks are caught inA spring.B summer.C winter.Questions 39-40Choose TWO letter A-G.Which TWO factors reduce the benefits of shark nets?A nets wrongly positionedB strong waves and currentsC too many fishD sharks eat holes in netsE moving sandsF nets too shortG holes in nets scare sharks。

Test 1LISTENING:NU M BER OF QU E STIONS:42TIME ALLOWED: 40 minutes (听力30分钟，抄答案10分钟)READING:NUMBER OF QUESTIONS: 40WRITING:TIME ALLOWED: 60 minutesTEST 1LISTENINGSECTION 1Questions 1-10Questions 1-4Complete the notes below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.Questions 5-10Complete the table below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.SECTION 2 Questions 11—20Questions 11-13Complete the sentence below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.RIVERSIDE INDUSTRIAL VILLAGE11Riverside Village was a good place to start an industry because it had wate, raw materials and fuels such as …………………a nd……………………. .12The metal industry was established at Riverside Village by ……………… who lived in the area.13There were over ……………water-powered mills in the area in the eighteenth century.Questions 14-20Label the plan below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.14………RoadSECTION 3 Questions 21-30Questions 21 and 22Choose the correct letter, A,B or C.21Melanie says she has not started the assignment becauseA she was doing work for another course.B it was s really big assignment.C she hasn’t spent time in the library.22 The lecture says that reasonable excuses for extensions areA planning problems.B problems with assignment.C personal illness or accident.What recommendation does Dr Johnson make about the journal articles ?Choose your answers for the box and write the letters A – G next to questions 23-27.Jackson: 23 ……………………..Roberts: 24 ……………………..Morris: 25 ……………………..Cooper: 26 ……………………..Forster: 27 ……………………..Label the chart below.Choose your answer from the box below and write the letters A – H next to questions 28-30.Population studiesReasons for changing accommodation7060502010SECTION 4 Question 31—40Complete the notes belowWrite NO MORE THSN TWO WORDS for each answer.READINGREADING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-14 which are based on reading passage 1 below.Adults and children are frequently confronted with statements about the alarming rat of loss of tropical rainforests. For example, one graphic illustration to which children might readily relate is the estimate that rainforests are being destroyed at a rate equivalent to one thousand football fields every forty minutes – about the duration of a normal classroom period. In the face of the frequent and often vivid media coverage, it is likely that children will have formed ideas about rainforests – what and where they are, why they are important, what endangers them – independent of any formal tuition. It is also possible that some of these ideas will be mistaken.Many studies have shown that children harbour misconceptions about ‘pure’, curriculum science. These misconceptions do not remain isolated but become incorporated into a multifaceted, but organized, conceptual framework, making it and the component ideas, some of which are erroneous, more robust but also accessible to modification. These ideas may be developed by children absorbing ideas through the popular media. Sometimes this information may be erroneous. It seems schools may not be providing an opportunity for children to re-express their ideas and so have them tested and refined by teachers and their peers.Despite the extensive coverage in the popular media of the destruction of rainforests, little formal information is available about children’s ideas in this area, the aim of the present study is to start to provide such information, to help teachers design their educational strategies to build upon correct ideas and to displace misconceptions and to plan programmes in environmental studies in their schools. The study surveys children’s scientific knowledge and attitudes to rainforests. Secondary school children were asked to complete a questionnaire containing fiveopen-form questions. The most frequent responses to the first question were descriptions which are self-evident from the term ‘rainforest’. Some children described them as damp, wet or hot. The second question concerned the geographical location of rainforests. The commonest responses were continents or countries: Africa (given by 43% of children), south America (30%), Brazil (25%). Some children also gave more general locations, such as being near the Equator.Responses to question three concerned the importance of rainforests. The dominant idea, raised by 64% of the pupils, was that rainforests provide animals with habitats. Fewer students responded that rainforests provide plant habitats, and even fewer (60%) raised the idea of rainforest as animal habitats.Similarly, but at a lower level, more girls (13%) than boys (5%) said that rainforests provided human habitats. These observations are generally consistent with our previous studied of pupils’ views about the use and conservation of rainforests, in which girls were shown to be more sympathetic to animals and expressed views which seem to place an intrinsic value on non-human animal life.The fourth question concerned the causes of the destruction of rainforests. Perhaps encouragingly, more than half of the pupil (59%) identified that it is human activities which are destroying rainforests, some personalising the responsibility by the use of terms such as ‘we are’. About 18% of the pupils referred specifically to logging activiy.One misconception, expressed by some 1)% of the pupils, was that acid rain is responsible for rainforest destruction; a similar proportion said that pollution is destroying rainforests. Here, children are confusing rainforest destruction with damage to the forests of Western Europe by these factors. While two fifths of the students provided the information that the rainforests provide oxygen, in some cases this response also embraced the misconception that rainforest destruction would reduce atmospheric oxygen, making the atmosphere incompatible with human life on Earth.In answer to the final question about the importance of rainforest conservation, themajority of children simply said that we need rainforests to survive. Only a few of the pupils (6%) mentioned that rainforest destruction may contribute to global warming. This is surprising considering the high level of media coverage on this issue. Some children expressed the idea that the conservation of rainforests is not important.The results of this study suggest that certain ideas predominate in the thinking of children about rainforests. Pupils’responses indicate some misconceptions in basic scientific knowledge of rainforests’ ecosystems such as their ideas about rainforests as habitats for animals, plants and humans and the relationship between climatic change and destruction of rainforests.Pupils did not volunteer ideas that suggested that they appreciated the complexity of causes of rainforest destruction. In other words, they gave no indication of an appreciation of either the rage of ways in which rainforests are important or the complex social, economic and political factors which drive the activities which are destroying the rainforests. One encouragements is that the results of similar studies about other environmental issues suggest that older children seem to acquire the ability to appreciate, value and evaluate conflicting views. Environmental education offers an arena in which these sills can be developed, which is essential fore these children as future decision –makers.Question 1-8Do the following statements agree with the information given in reading passage 1? In boxes 1-8 on your answer sheet writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this。

剑桥雅思4Test4听力Section4答案+解析剑桥雅思4Test4听力Section 4答案+解析谈话场景：学术报告。

人物身份：主讲人为海洋动物专家。

谈话话题：介绍澳大利亚鲨鱼的有关信息，其长度、重量、觅食习惯等，以及澳大利亚政府为防止鲨鱼攻击人类所采取的措施交际与语言表达1. 这部分讲述的是关于澳大利亚鲨鱼的场景，涉及到鲨鱼的生活习性、特征以及捕鲨网的来历和用途。

2. “sharks vary in weight with size and breed…”鲨鱼的体重因大小和种类而不同。

动词“vary”搭配介词“in”和“with”时，含义有区别，“vary in”表示“在……方面变化、不同”。

例如：Rooms vary in size and come equipped with hairdryers, television and telephone. 房间大小不同，均配有吹风机、电视和电话。

“vary with”表示“随着……变化而变化”，例如：Winds vary with time, altitude, and location. 风随时间、高度和位置的变化而变化。

3. “This is made possible by their fins, one set at the side and another set underneath the body, and the tail also helps the shark move forward quickly.”它的鳍使快速游动成为可能，一个在一边，另外一个在身体下面，它的尾巴有助于鲨鱼迅速向前移动。

“make possible”表示“使…变成可能”，例如：It is possible to make a hypothesis on the basis of this graph. 以这张图表为基础做出假设是可能的。

“move forward”表示“向前移动，向前发展”，例如：Only by showing mutual respect can we move forward together. 在互相尊重的基础上，我们才可并肩向前。

Listen to people at a party making small talk. What topic is introduced in each conversation? What closing phrase is used to end the conversation?★First conversationLiz: Hi, … Pete?Pete: Hi, Hello.Liz: I am Liz, Donna’s mother. Donna has told me all about you.Pete: Nice to meet you, Mrs. Morton.Liz: It is nice to meet you, too. So, are you enjoying the party?Pete: Yeah, It is great. This might be the last time I see some of these people for a long time, so I’ve been pretty busy, I haven’t had much time to sample the food.Liz: I know what you mean. I cannot believe that all you kids are finally graduating. Donna has grown up so fast! Do you have any plans after graduation?Pete: Well, I’ve applied for a teaching job overseas. I guess I’ll probably find out if I got the job or not next week.Liz: You’re more adventurous than Donna. She’s going to take a job right here in town, at least for the summer. After that, who knows?Pete: Well, you might be seeing me around here for a while longer, too. Oh,… wait a minute. I’m sorry. I think Dan is leaving the party. Excuse me, Mrs. Morton, I’ve got to talk to him before he goes.Liz: Certainly. It was nice meeting you, Pete.Pete: Same here.Liz: Oh, and good luck with your job search.Pete: Thanks. Thanks a lot.★Second conversationMan 1: You know, I … uh … I kind of like this music.Man 2: Well, it is lively. I’ll stay that for it.Man 1: Great music for dancing.Man 2: Dancing? Yeah. I guess. For young people, anyway.Man 1: What? What, you think we’re too old?Man 2: Oh, no. You’re not thinking…Man 1: And why not? It looks like fun! Why should we sit here while everyone else ishaving a great time?Man 2: If you start dancing to this music, you’re going to make a fool out of yourself.Man 1: Hmm. That’s what you think.Man 2: Anyway, who would you dance with?Man 1: Oh? Is that a challenge?Man 2: Oh, no.Woman: Hey, there. Want to dance?Man 1: Uh,… why,…why, yes, I would, young lady. (turns to Man2) Uh, excuse me. It’s been real nice talking to you, but, uh, I’ve got to go.★Third conversationWoman 1: Mmmm,…this is delicious. I love stuffed grape leaves.Woman 2: Ummm, me, too. It all tastes delicious. Do you think they made all this themselves? Or did they have it catered?Woman 1: Oh, no. George is a great cook. Why would they cater it?Woman 2: Really?Woman 1: Oh, yeah.Woman 2: George cooks?Woman 1: You didn’t know that? Lynn’s always saying that’s half the reason she married him!Woman 2: Well, that is a good reason. She is really lucky. I wish my husband liked to cook. He completely avoids anything that has to do with the kitchen.Woman 1: You know, my husband’s talking about signing up for an Italian cooking class on Saturdays. Oh, I hope he does it.Woman 2: Oh, I wonder if I could convince my husband to do that. I’d sure love being the taste tester for his recipes.Woman 1: Exactly what I was thinking. Well, I’ll let you know when the class starts. Woman 2: Great! Please do. In the meantime, I think I’ll go mention it to him. Talk to you soon.Woman 1: OK. Bye.Listen to Nicole, Tony, and Darren telling different pieces of news. What was the news? What happened exactly?★Nicole: I got some incredible news over the weekend!Man: Yeah? What happened?Nicole: Well, my sister is finally getting married.Man: Really? Well, that is exciting! How long have they been seeing each other?Nicole: Oh, I mean, it’s been over four years. We all knew that they would get married someday, but no one expected it to happen now. And you know what? The funny part is how it happened.Man: Yeah?Nicole: Yeah. OK, listen. They were one a cruise, and one night while they were sitting on the deck of the ship, looking at the stars…Man: Ah,… let me guess. He pulled out a ring and asked her to marry him.Nicole: No, smartly. The other way around. She asked him! She got right down on one knee and proposed.Man: Yeah?Nicole: Yeah! And he was pretty surprised, I think, but of course he immediately said “yes”. Listen, they’re planning a wedding for the fall.Man: Well, that is great news. Yeah,… and I’m sure they’ll be very happy together. Nicole: Yeah. Now I have to start thinking about the wedding. I’m going to be a bridesmaid in the wedding, so, you know, I have to buy a dress and then…★Woman: Why the long face, Tony?Tony: Oh, I just got some bad news today.Woman: What happened?Tony: Well, you know my job at the design studio?Woman: Yes.Tony: Well,…Woman: Oh, no!Tony: Oh, yes. Today the boss called me into his office and told me they had to lay me off indefinitely. That means as of April thirtieth, I’m out of work.Woman: Oh!Tony: No more job.Woman: Tony, I am so sorry. You really liked working there.Tony: Yeah, well, it’s not all bad news. There’s still a small chance that the company will call me back in the summer if the work picks up. You never know what’ll happen. They may still need me then.Woman: Oh, this is so sudden. Isn’t it?Tony: Well, sort of. Two other employees lost their jobs last month, and I had a feeling I might be the next one in line. You know, I’ve only been working there ten months, so I don’t have any seniority. If they’re going to lay someone off, it is always going to be the newer employees first.Woman: What are you going to do?Tony: Like I said, I’ve still got a job until the end of the month. Starting in May, I plan to send out resumes and go on some interviews. Depending on the outcome of the interviews,…★Darren: I just found out that my parents are moving.Woman: Mmmm. Are you surprised?Darren: Well, not really. They’ve been trying to sell their house for, gosh, six months to a year now.Woman: Oh, well, I thought they liked it where they were.Darren: They do. They love it. But they’re getting older. Dad wants to live in a smaller town. And Mom says she’s sick and tired of the fast pace and taking care of the house, you know. Woman: Hmmm. So where are they going to move?Darren: You’re not going to believe this!Woman: What? What?Darren: They’re going to Mexico. Can you believe it?Woman: Nope. They’re going to San Miguel de Allende. It’s this gorgeous little town in the mountains.Woman: Wow! I’ve never heard of it.Darren: Ah,… it’s about a hundred and fifty mile northwest of Mexico City.Woman: Wow. Do your parents speak Spanish?Darren: No, but they’re going to learn.Woman: Wow. That is a big change! Why don’t they stay in the U.S.?Darren: Well, they have always wanted to live abroad. Now that they’re retired, they finally get to do it. And my Dad, he adores Mexico. He’d been there six or seven times at least. Woman: Wow. Sounds like this is going to be quite an adventure.Darren: It should be. And San Miguel – it is stunning. The government has made sure that there’s no new buildings ever built there, so the traditional feeling of the town… well, it’s been preserved. Oh, and they make pottery there, which is perfect for my mother because she collects the stuff.Woman: Oh, that’s great for her. So,… I guess now you’re going to have a place to stay in Mexico.Darren: Yeah,…Woman: And a place for your friends to come and visit in Mexico?Darren: Well, if my friends are nice to me, I suppose something could be arranged. Did you have anybody in particular in mind?Woman: Oh, very funny. So, when exactly are they moving?Darren: Oh, in a couple of months. They have to pack up and take care of all the business here. I’m going to help them with the move. I may even try to stay a couple of months if I can swing the time….。

Listen to Randy Simmons interviewing people on the street. What values do they think are most important and why?Randy: We’re back on the street for the “Ask the People”portion of our show. Today our question is “What values do you think are the most important and why?” Now, I just have to find some people who are willing to talk to me…. Excuse me, sir?Man: Yes?Randy: My name is Randy Simmons. I’m a reporter from WBBQ, and we’re on the air. Do you have a moment to talk with us?Man: Well, I’m on my way to work.Randy: This should just take a moment.Man: Well. OK. But make it fast.Randy: OK. We’re asking people what they think are the most important values in today’s society and why. Man: Hmmm, that’s a tough one. I guess I think it’s important to listen to your parents. Kids these days… my kids never listen to anything that I say.Randy: Ah-hah. So you think it’s important to respect your parents?Man: That’s right. I’ve got to go. Bye.Randy: Good-bye. Boy, was he in a hurry!... Miss. Excuse me. Hello?Woman1: Yes?Randy: Do you have a second? I’m Randy Simmons from WBBQ. I’m doing a radio show.Woman1: Yeah?Randy: We’re asking people on the street what values they think are important and why.Woman 1: I don’t really have the time….Well, I don’t know. I guess that honesty is important. You know what they say: Honesty is the best policy.Randy: OK. That’s interesting.Woman 1: Well, I mean, you’re just going to get in trouble if you’re not honest. At least that’s been my experience.Randy: I see.Woman 1: Listen. I have to go.Randy: Thanks. Let’s see if I can find one more person… Oops!Woman 2: Ouch!Randy: I’m sorry. I-I didn’t see you standing there behind me. Are you OK?Woman 2: You stepped on my toes! What are you doing standing here, anyway?Randy: Well, actually, I’m interviewing people. I’m Randy Simmons from WBBQ.Woman 2: What’ that?Randy: I’m Randy Simmons. From the radio station WBBQ. I’m doing on-the-street interviews.Woman 2: Oh. OK.Randy: We’re asking people about values. What values do you think are most important in today’s society? Woman 2: Privacy. I think people need to respect each other’s privacy. Like right now. You should leave me alone (continues shouting in the background)Randy: Uh,… oh,…well,…uh, sorry. Uh, folks, that’s all the time we have today for our show. Today’s question was “What values do you think are important in today’s society and why?” After this experience, I’d have to say that one thing we all need to work on is being kinder. This sure is a tough job. This is Randy Simmons of WBBQ radio signing off until next time.Listen to Cristina, Vince, and Brian talking about people who have had an influence on them. Who is each persontalking about? What did they learn from these people?Cristina: My parents had a big influence on me. I don’t think I could say it was just my mother or my father – it was more like a combination of them both. My parents are so different. I learned from both of them.My mother was very serious, and she worked really hard. She was one of the first women to work in the computer industry back in the fifties. You could say she was a working woman before it became fashionable. I learned a lot about trying my best. I guess she taught me that anything was possible.From my father, I learned to laugh at life. He always used to say that if you waited long enough, a bad situation would change for the better. My parents used to have some interesting conversations, believe me! Somehow they always managed to get along, thought.Vince: Well, the first person I think of is my third-grade teacher. It’s funny. Isn’t it? She made school fun. I’d had a real problem with school before that – I didn’t like to go, I had trouble making friends… I wonder where she is now. Gosh, that was a long time ago!I also owe a lot to one of my high school teachers. He was really tough, but he taught me how to write well. That’s a skill that’s helped me in every single job I’ve had. I mean, at the time, I hated his class, but I looking back I realized just how much it’s helped me.Brian: This is kind of different, but I’ve been most influenced by people who have made a change in society. I really respect those people who have spoken up about what they believed in. I guess John Lennon was kind of my hero, I mean, I liked the Beatles, and I loved his music, but John also believed in a lot of issues that I support. I was so shocked when he was killed. I’ve also been deeply affected by the words of people like Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. He tried to get people to work together –to accept each other whether they were black, white, or whatever.。

剑桥国际英语第四册Unit3听力原文Andy: Well, this is Andy Wong, and we’re just about at the end of another episode of “Where in the world…?”But before we sign off,I’d like to tell you a little about tomorrow’s program. Tomorrow we’ll have a interesting report on two very exciting cities that I’m sure you won’t want to miss. Our reporters in the field, Deborah and Todd, are standing by to fill us in on the details. Deborah! Can you hear me?Deborah: Yes, Andy, loud and clear.Andy: Well, where are you?Deborah: You know I can’t tell you that, Andy! You have to watch tomorrow’s program to get the answer.Andy: oh, right! That’s right. Well, tell us about the place anyway.Deborah: ok. This city is a very exciting place to visit. First of all, it is one of the ten largest metropolitan areas in the world. It is a very cosmopolitan city with a strong identity of its own. And the local food is unique. I really am enjoying the restaurants that serve barbecued beef, which is grilled right at your table. But I must warn you , much of the food is extremely spicy, so come prepared. Do you like spicy food, Andy?Andy: Love it!Deborah: Well, you should come on over, then! Andy, this city is very old! It was founded in the fourteenth century and is divided by the Han River. The city has a striking combination of modern and ancient architecture. In fact, most of the traditional architecture is located on the northern side of the river- when I am now. With its efficient subway system, it’s very easy to get around and see the sights.Andy: Great, Deborah. Thanks so much for…Deborah: oh, wait, Andy! One more thing I forgot to mention! The shopping- the street vendors here sell everything from shoes to electronics to furniture- all at discounted prices! Oops, have I said too much?Andy: No, no, not at all! Sounds like you’re having a fantastic time. We’re looking forward to hearing your full report tomorrow, and finding out just where in the world you are right now! Before we run out of time, though, let me turn it over to Todd. Todd? Are you there?Todd: I sure am. Hello, everyone. Well, my city is very old. It was founded in fifteen forty-nine by the Portuguese. It is now the third largest city in the country, with about two million inhabitants. It’s quite fascinating. Believe it or not, it’s built into a cliff, and it overlooks a beautiful bay. It’s actually on two levels. To get to the upper level you can take an elevator. From there you have a wonderful view of the bay. And if you enjoy swimming, there are beautiful beaches.Andy: well, Todd! I guess we know where you’re been the last few days! On the beach!Todd: Well, not exactly! Andy. There’s so much to see and do here. By the way, this city also has a strong African influence: you can see it in the music, food, and dance styles of the region. Andy: Mm-hmm. What do people like to do there?Todd: many people enjoy watching a special kind of dance that’s a mixture of dancing and fighting with an African origin. For those of you who enjoy nightlife, this city can’t be beat. It has several different street festivals during the year, each one like a mini-carnival of its own.Andy: Great! Thanks a lot, Todd. Well, that certainly has givenour listeners plenty to think about, but I’m sorry to say we’re out of time. That’s it, folks. This is Andy Wong reminding you to tune in tomorrow for the next installment of our travel show,”where in the World…?”Goodnight,everybody!Interviewer: Hi, guys!Jose and Vicki: Hi.Interviewer: Thanks for agreeing to meet me here on such short notice.Jose: No problem.Interviewer: Well. Listen, as I said to you on the phone, I’m doing a story for the campus newspaper. I’m interviewing foreign students to get their impressions of our city. Um, this should only take about ten minutes or so. Let’s see…Uh, do you mind if I tape-record our interview? Vicki: Oh no, not at all.Interviewer: OK, then. Jose, why don’t we start with you. What do you think of San Francisco? How do you like it here so far?J ose: It’s OK! I guess.Interviewer: Oh, you don’t sound very enthusiastic.Jose: No, no. I like it. It’s just that I’ve been so busy studying. I haven’t had much time to explore the city.Interviewer: Oh. That’s too bad.Jose: Yeah. And when I have the tim e, well, it’s so cloudy and foggy here- especially in the summer. I never thought I’d be wearing a sweater in July!Interviewer: Well, this is Northern California. Hey, maybe you should move south. I hear Los Angeles is warmer. Vicki?Vicki: Oh, I love it here. I think this is a beautiful city. The rolling hills, the views of the bay- it’s very romantic.Interviewer: Yeah. So how do you guys spend your free time?Jose: Well, I’m studying architecture and am somewhat of a photographer……Interviewer: Really?Jose: Oh, I’m just an amateur. Anyway, I …I’m always taking pictures of the building in this city. You know, the Victorians, the modern skyscrapers downtown, MOMA ……Interviewer: MOMA. You mean , the Museum of Modern Art?Jose: Right. There’s such a variet y of buildings in this city. The architecture is really great. I also have taken pictures of other structures, like the Golden Gate Bridge- it looks totally different when the weather changes.Interviewer: Wow! That’s interesting. Ah, well, Vicki, it’s your turn. What do you like to do? Vicki: I like to explore the different neighborhoods. Yesterday I went to the Italian neighborhood, North Beach, to buy some pastries and have a cup of espresso. Today I’m going down to the Mission District to get a burrito for lunch.Interviewer: Hey, sounds like you like to eat!Vicki: Yes. Actually, I like the Mission a lot. It’s a Hispanic neighborhood. We don’t have anything like that where I come from.Interviewer: Uh, well, that’s about it. Any final comments?Jose: No, not really.Vicki:I just like to say that this is the great place to live，It’s small after get around easy but big enough to offer all the advantages of large cities，I’m glad I got the chance to study hereLindsay: So, Eric, how long have you lived in New York?Eric: All my life. I was born here. Sounds like you’re new intown.Lindsay: Two months. I just moved here from Michigan,Eric: Wow! That’s a big change. New York must be quite a shock.Lindsay: Well, not exactly. I lived here once before, when I went to graduate school. So, I …I guess you could say that I’m used to life in new York , if that’s possible.Eric: when did you live here?Lindsay: Oh, let’s see, …it must have been about eight years ago. Boy, the city sure has changed since then.Eric: I supposed so. I mean, they’re really cleaned up Times Square. It used to be so dirty. I mean, now it’s just full of tourists.Lindsay: Yeah. And the subways seem to run more on schedule now.\Eric: Basically, I think the city is safer anywhere you go, probably because we have so many more police officers on the street.Lindsay: Oh, that’s for sure! You know, though, one thing I can’t get used to is the noise- especially those garbage trucks! They come at five in the morning and are so loud. The noise wakes me up every time!Eric: I guess I’ve lived here so long I don’t hear it anymore.I can sleep through just about anything. You know the one thing I am tired of –the weather. I mean, I’m not sick and tired of these long, co ld winters. I’m thinking about moving next year.Lindsay: Really?Eric: Yeah. I mean, like I said, I’ve live here all my life, and I feel like I need some kind of change. You know, a new environment . it time to get out of New York.Lindsay: Hmm. Not me! I love the nightlife: the theater andthe great restaurants. I can’t wait to get out and discover all that New York is offering!。

剑4雅思Test1-s4听力原文IELTS C4-T est1- Section 4Good day, ladies and gentlemen. I have been asked today to talk to you about the urban landscape. There are two major areas that I will focus on in my talk: how vegetation canhave a significant effect on urban climate, and how we can better plan our cities using trees to provide a more comfortable environment for us to live in.Trees can have a significant impact on our cities. They can make a city, as a whole, a bitless windyor a bit more windy, if that's what you want. They can make it a bit cooler if it's a hot summer day in an Australian city, or they can make it a bit more humid if it's a dry inland city. On the local scale - that is, in particular areas within the city - trees can make the local area more shady, cooler, more humid and much less windy. In fact trees and planting of various kinds can be used to make city streets actually less dangerous in particular areas. How do trees do all that, you ask?Well, the main difference between a tree and a building is a tree has got an internal mechanism to keep the temperature regulated. It evaporates water through its leaves and that means that the temperature of the leaves is never very far from our own body temperature. The temperature of a building surface on a hot sunny day can easily be twenty degrees more than our temperature. Trees, on the other hand, remain cooler than buildings because they sweat. This means that they can humidify the air and cool it - a property which can be exploited to improve the local climate. Trees can also help break the force of winds. The reason that high buildings make it windier at ground level isthat, as the wind goes higher and higher, it goes faster and faster. When the wind hits the building, it has to go somewhere. Some of it goes over the top and some goes around the sides of the building, forcing those high level winds down to ground level.That doesn't happen when you have trees. Trees filter the wind and considerably reduce it, preventing those very large strong gusts that you so often find around tall buildings.Another problem in built-up areas is that traffic noise is intensified by tall buildings. By planting a belt of trees at the side of the road, you can make things a little quieter, but much of the vehicle noise still goes through the trees. Trees can also help reduce the amount of noise in the surroundings, although the effect is not as large as people like to think. Low-frequency noise, in particular, just goes through the trees as though they aren't there.Although trees can significantly improve the local climate, they do however take up a lot of space. There are root systems to consider and branches blocking windows and so on. It may therefore be difficult to fit trees into the local landscape. There is not a great deal you can do if you have what we call a street canyon - a whole set of high-rises enclosed in a narrow street. Trees need water to grow. They also need some sunlight to grow and you need room to put them. If you have the chance of knocking buildings down and replacing them, then suddenly you can start looking at different ways to design the streets and to introduce .. .(fade out)。

Lisa: Uh, well, I’m a freelance writer, and that means that I work at home. And a lot of people think my job is easier because I don’t have to go the office every day. And I don’t have to deal with office politics. But, you know, the truth is, my job is very hard. I have to be very organized and very disciplined. and pretty self-motivated. And when I have a problem, there is no one around to help me- I have to solve it myself. And sometimes I worry about money. So when I get stressed, I take a hot bath to relax, and then I curl up in front of the TV with a cup of hot tea. And that usually does the trick at the end of a long and very hard day.Sean: Traffic stresses me out. I do a lot driving to school and to my part-time job. Drivers can be so rude, especially during rush hour. I try to ignore them by listening to my favorite music in the car. Then, when I get home, I try to something fun to relax. I’ll watch a funny movie or go to a friend’s house- something like that. Anything to take my mind off school and work.Victor: I work in the hospital emergency room. You can imagine how stressful that is! Everyone is in a hurry and under tremendous pressure. The doctors are demanding, and there’s always too much to do. I cope with all this stress by going to the gym at least four times a week. My friend got me started weight lifting, and now I’m addicted. When I feel especially frustrated, it feels good to go to the gym and throw those weights around. The other thing I do it is get out of the city. Every month or so, I go for a drive in the country. The fresh air and the quite do wonders for me.Lucia: I have this recurring dream. I’m back in high school, and in my dream, the school I looks mostly the same as it did, but much bigger. The weird thing is ……that although I’m now twenty years old, I had to go back to high school and study with all these fifteen-year-olds. It’s very embarrassing. No one seems to notice that I’m much older and shouldn’t be there in the first place. But still, it’s very uncomfortable. I keep thinking. “ What am I doing here?”Well, I think it must be a couple of weeks into school, and I’ve lost my class schedule. I start walking through the halls trying to find the main office. I can’t find it. No matter how far, how many hallways, I just can’t find it. I know I’m late for class, and this really worries me. Finally , I wind up in my math class, but it’s almost over- so I’ve missed most of it, and I don’t know what the homework is, and I think I’ve missed an important test, or something.Basically, that’s the dream. I think I have that dream when I am worried or overwhelmed about something that is happening in my life at the time.Rick: my name is Rick, and I sometimes have this dream, this bad dream. Really it’s a nightmare. I’m in danger, but I’m not sure from what, and I can’t move or scream or anything. I can feel something coming closer and closer to me, and, you know, it’s really strange because usu ally in the dream I am exactly where I am in real life- like in my own bed in my bedroom- and everything is very realistic. The only that is dreamlike is that I can’t move. Sometimes I can’t even open my eyes, or I can open one eye, usually I have to alert someone, or possibility save someone,although the person often changes. Anyway , I can’t do anything because I can’t move. It’s really terrifying.You know, I think the dream means that I’m feeling there’s something in my life that I can’t control, although I should be able to. Once I had the dream when one of my children was very sick, and I just felt completely helpless. I hate feeling that way.Yoshiko: In some ways, I’m a typical Japanese teenager. I go to a public high school and wear a uniform, just like everyone else. I go to school five and a half days a week- I get Sundays off. I have interests similar to most of my friends: I like to play video games and am a big fan of American movies. Brad Pitt is one of my favorite actors.There’s one big way I’m different, though. I spent almost six years living outside Japan. My father’s company transferred him overseas, and of course we went with him. Living in a foreign culture was really tough at first, but I guess I’m lucky in a way. I learned to speak English, and I made a lot of new friends. So you can see that I’m really quite a bit different from my classmates!Renato: My life is pretty typical, I think. I head off school at seven in the morning, and school finishes at midday. After school, I usually study or play soccer. On weekends, I like to get together with my friends. We usually hang out in one of the shopping centers. Everyone just shows up there on Saturdays and Sundays. It’s a lot of fun……most of the time.I think one way I am different is that I like to do my own thing sometimes. I don’t always want to hang out with the group. There’s a lot of peer pressure to spend time with my friends, but I don’t listen to what they say. I guess you could say that I think for myself. Sometimes it makes my friends angry, but that’s just the way I am.Suzanne: I guess I worry about the same things other kids my age to do ……you know, grades, getting along with my parents……I am doing OK in school, but I have to study really hard. I want to make sure that my grades are good enough so I can get into a decent university. I am pretty typical: I go to classes, attend club meetings after school, and do homework at night. Weekends are great because I get to sleep late. Oh yeah, I am also a member of the orchestra at school. I pay the violin.My school is different from a typical school in the United States. We study all the core subjects- like most other students- in the morning: science, math, English, history-the usual stuff. In the afternoon, though, we study things like music, dance, and art. You see, I go to a special school for the arts. A lot of us have dreams of becoming dancers or singers someday. That’s why we spend so much time learning about the arts.。

Listen to people at a party making small talk. What topic is introduced in each conversation? What closing phrase is used to end the conversation?★First conversationLiz: Hi, … Pete?Pete: Hi, Hello.Liz: I am Liz, Donna’s mother. Donna has told me all about you.Pete: Nice to meet you, Mrs. Morton.Liz: It is nice to meet you, too. So, are you enjoying the party?Pete: Yeah, It is great. This might be the last time I see some of these people for a long time, so I’ve been pretty busy, I haven’t had much time to sample the food.Liz: I know what you mean. I cannot believe that all you kids are finally graduating. Donna has grown up so fast! Do you have any plans after graduation?Pete: Well, I’ve applied for a teaching job overseas. I guess I’ll probably find out if I got the job or not next week.Liz: You’re more adventurous than Donna. She’s going to take a job right here in town, at least for the summer. After that, who knows?Pete: Well, you might be seeing me around here for a while longer, too. Oh,… wait a minute. I’m sorry. I think Dan is leaving the party. Excuse me, Mrs. Morton, I’ve got to talk to him before he goes.Liz: Certainly. It was nice meeting you, Pete.Pete: Same here.Liz: Oh, and good luck with your job search.Pete: Thanks. Thanks a lot.★Second conversationMan 1: You know, I … uh … I kind of like this music.Man 2: Well, it is lively. I’ll stay that for it.Man 1: Great music for dancing.Man 2: Dancing? Yeah. I guess. For young people, anyway.Man 1: What? What, you think we’re too old?Man 2: Oh, no. You’re not thinking…Man 1: And why not? It looks like fun! Why should we sit here while everyone else ishaving a great time?Man 2: If you start dancing to this music, you’re going to make a fool out of yourself.Man 1: Hmm. That’s what you think.Man 2: Anyway, who would you dance with?Man 1: Oh? Is that a challenge?Man 2: Oh, no.Woman: Hey, there. Want to dance?Man 1: Uh,… why,…why, yes, I would, young lady. (turns to Man2) Uh, excuse me. It’s been real nice talking to you, but, uh, I’ve got to go.★Third conversationWoman 1: Mmmm,…this is delicious. I love stuffed grape leaves.Woman 2: Ummm, me, too. It all tastes delicious. Do you think they made all this themselves? Or did they have it catered?Woman 1: Oh, no. George is a great cook. Why would they cater it?Woman 2: Really?Woman 1: Oh, yeah.Woman 2: George cooks?Woman 1: You didn’t know that? Lynn’s always saying that’s half the reason she married him!Woman 2: Well, that is a good reason. She is really lucky. I wish my husband liked to cook. He completely avoids anything that has to do with the kitchen.Woman 1: You know, my husband’s talking about signing up for an Italian cooking class on Saturdays. Oh, I hope he does it.Woman 2: Oh, I wonder if I could convince my husband to do that. I’d sure love being the taste tester for his recipes.Woman 1: Exactly what I was thinking. Well, I’ll let you know when the class starts. Woman 2: Great! Please do. In the meantime, I think I’ll go mention it to him. Talk to you soon.Woman 1: OK. Bye.Listen to Nicole, Tony, and Darren telling different pieces of news. What was the news? What happened exactly?★Nicole: I got some incredible news over the weekend!Man: Yeah? What happened?Nicole: Well, my sister is finally getting married.Man: Really? Well, that is exciting! How long have they been seeing each other?Nicole: Oh, I mean, it’s been over four years. We all knew that they would get married someday, but no one expected it to happen now. And you know what? The funny part is how it happened.Man: Yeah?Nicole: Yeah. OK, listen. They were one a cruise, and one night while they were sitting on the deck of the ship, looking at the stars…Man: Ah,… let me guess. He pulled out a ring and asked her to marry him.Nicole: No, smartly. The other way around. She asked him! She got right down on one knee and proposed.Man: Yeah?Nicole: Yeah! And he was pretty surprised, I think, but of course he immediately said “yes”. Listen, they’re planning a wedding for the fall.Man: Well, that is great news. Yeah,… and I’m sure they’ll be very happy together. Nicole: Yeah. Now I have to start thinking about the wedding. I’m going to be a bridesmaid in the wedding, so, you know, I have to buy a dress and then…★Woman: Why the long face, Tony?Tony: Oh, I just got some bad news today.Woman: What happened?Tony: Well, you know my job at the design studio?Woman: Yes.Tony: Well,…Woman: Oh, no!Tony: Oh, yes. Today the boss called me into his office and told me they had to lay me off indefinitely. That means as of April thirtieth, I’m out of work.Woman: Oh!Tony: No more job.Woman: Tony, I am so sorry. You really liked working there.Tony: Yeah, well, it’s not all bad news. There’s still a small chance that the company will call me back in the summer if the work picks up. You never know what’ll happen. They may still need me then.Woman: Oh, this is so sudden. Isn’t it?Tony: Well, sort of. Two other employees lost their jobs last month, and I had a feeling I might be the next one in line. You know, I’ve only been working there ten months, so I don’t have any seniority. If they’re going to lay someone off, it is always going to be the newer employees first.Woman: What are you going to do?Tony: Like I said, I’ve still got a job until the end of the month. Starting in May, I plan to send out resumes and go on some interviews. Depending on the outcome of the interviews,…★Darren: I just found out that my parents are moving.Woman: Mmmm. Are you surprised?Darren: Well, not really. They’ve been trying to sell their house for, gosh, six months to a year now.Woman: Oh, well, I thought they liked it where they were.Darren: They do. They love it. But they’re getting older. Dad wants to live in a smaller town. And Mom says she’s sick and tired of the fast pace and taking care of the house, you know. Woman: Hmmm. So where are they going to move?Darren: You’re not going to believe this!Woman: What? What?Darren: They’re going to Mexico. Can you believe it?Woman: Nope. They’re going to San Miguel de Allende. It’s this gorgeous little town in the mountains.Woman: Wow! I’ve never heard of it.Darren: Ah,… it’s about a hundred and fifty mile northwest of Mexico City.Woman: Wow. Do your parents speak Spanish?Darren: No, but they’re going to learn.Woman: Wow. That is a big change! Why don’t they stay in the U.S.?Darren: Well, they have always wanted to live abroad. Now that they’re retired, they finally get to do it. And my Dad, he adores Mexico. He’d been there six or seven times at least. Woman: Wow. Sounds like this is going to be quite an adventure.Darren: It should be. And San Miguel – it is stunning. The government has made sure that there’s no new buildings ever built there, so the traditional feeling of the town… well, it’s been preserved. Oh, and they make pottery there, which is perfect for my mother because she collects the stuff.Woman: Oh, that’s great for her. So,… I guess now you’re going to have a place to stay in Mexico.Darren: Yeah,…Woman: And a place for your friends to come and visit in Mexico?Darren: Well, if my friends are nice to me, I suppose something could be arranged. Did you have anybody in particular in mind?Woman: Oh, very funny. So, when exactly are they moving?Darren: Oh, in a couple of months. They have to pack up and take care of all the business here. I’m going to help them with the move. I may even try to stay a couple of months if I can swing the time….。

Text2:Section: 11-5 choose the correct letter: A, B, C1.What dose Peter want to drink?A teaB coffeeC a cold drink2.What caused Peter problems at the bank?A the exchange rate was downB he was lateC the computer weren’t working3.who did Peter talk to at the bank?A an old friendB an American manC a German man4.Henry gave Peter a map ofA the cityB the bus routesC the train system5.what do Peter and Sally decide to order?A food and drinksB just foodC just drinks6-8: complete the notes below using words from box.Tourist attractions open all day: 6 and Gardens Tourist attractions NOT open on Mondays: 7 and Castle Tourist attractions which have free entry: 8 and Markets9-10 completes below, no more than three words.9. The first place Peter and Sally will visit is the10. At the Cathedral, Peter really wants toSection: 211. The Counselling Service may contact tutors ifA they are too slow in marking assignmentB they give students a lot of workC they don’t inform students about their progress12. Stress may be caused byA new teachersB time pressureC unfamiliar subject matter13. International students may find stress difficult to handle becauseA they lack support from family and friendsB they don’t have time to make new friendsC they find it difficult to socialize14. A personal crisis may be caused byA studying for too long overseasB business problems in the student’s own coutryC disruptions to personal relationships15. Students may lose self-esteem ifA they have to change coursesB they don’t complete a courseC their family puts too much pressure on them16. Students should consult Glenda Roberts ifA their general health is poorB their diet is too strictC they can’t eat the local food17. Students in financial difficulties can receiveA assistance to buy booksB a loan to pay their course feesC a no-interest loan o cover study expenses18. Loans are also available to students whoA can’t pay their rentB need to buy furnitureC can’t cover their living expenses19. The number of students counseled by the service last year wasA 214B 240C 2,60020. The speaker thinks the Counselling ServiceA has been effective in spite of staff shortagesB is under-used by studentsC has suffered badly because of staff cutsSection: 321-24 completes below, no more than two words and/or a number25-26 choose TWO letters A-EWhat TWO disadvantages of the questionnaire form of data collection do the students discuss?A The data is sometimes invalidB Too few people may respondC It is less likely to reveal the unexpectedD It can only be used with literate populationsE There is a delay between the distribution and return of questionnaires27-30 complete the table below, no more than 3 words or a numberSection: 331-32 choose31 Corporate crime is generally committedA against individualsB by groupsC for companies32 Corporate crime does NOT includeA employees stealing from their companyB unintentional crime by employeesC fraud resulting from company policy33-38 complete, no more than three words39-40 choose two lettersThe oil tanker explosion was an example of a crime whichA was no-one’s faultB was not a corporate crimeC was intentionalD was caused by indifferenceE had tragic resultsF made a large profit for the companyText3:Section: 11-4 complete, no more than three words and/or numbers5-7 choose5 Sara requires aA single roomB twin roomC triple room6 She would prefer to live with aA familyB single personC couple7 She would like to live in aA flatB houseC studio apartment8-10 complete, not more than one word8 The will be $3209 She needs to pay the rent by cash or cheque on a basis.10 She needs to pay her part of the bill. Section: 211-14 choose11 When is this year’s festival being held?A 1-13 JanuaryB 5-17 JanuaryC 25-31 January12 What will the reviewer concentrate on today?A theatreB danceC exhibitions13 How many circuses are there in the festival?A oneB twoC several14 Where does Circus Romano perform?A in a theatreB in a tentC in a stadium15-20 complete, no more than three wordsSection: 321-25 choose21 The man wants information on courses forA people going back to collegeB postgraduate studentsC business executives22 The ‘Study for Success’ seminar lasts forA one dayB two daysC three days23 In the seminar the work on writing aims to improveA confidenceB speedC clarity24 Reading sessions help students to readA analyticallyB as fast as possibleC thoroughly25 The seminar tries toA prepare learners physicallyB encourage interest in learningC develop literacy skills26-30 choose26 A key component of the course is learning how toA use time effectivelyB stay healthyC select appropriate materials27 Students who want to do the ‘Study for Success’ seminar shouldA register with the Faculty OfficeB contact their Course ConvenorC reserve a place in advance28 The ‘Learning Skills for University Study’ course takes place onA Monday, Wednesday and FridayB Monday, Tuesday, WednesdayC Monday, Thursday, Friday29 A feature of this course isA a physical training componentB advice on coping with stressC a detailed weekly planner30 The man choose the ‘Study for Success’ seminar becauseA he is over fortyB he wants to start at the beginningC he seeks to revise his skillsSection: 431-32 complete, no more than 2 words and/or a number33-37 complete, no more than three words38 choose two lettersWhich TWO facilities did the students request in the new Union building?A a libraryB a games roomC a student health centreD a mini fitness centreE a large swimming poolF a travel agencyG a lecture theatre39 choose the correct lettersWhich argument was used AGAINST having a drama theatre?A It would be expensive and no students would use it.B It would be a poor use of resources because only a minority would use it.C It could not accommodate large productions of plays.40 choose two lettersWhich TWO security measures have been requested?A closed-circuit TVB show Union Card on entering the buildingC show Union Card when askedD spot searches of bagsE permanent Security Office on siteText4:Section: 11-10complete, no more than three words and/or a number11-15 choose11 To find out how much holidays cost, you should press buttonA oneB twoC three12 Travelite currently offer walking holidaysA only in Western EuropeB all over EuropeC outside Europe13 The walks offered by TraveliteA cater for a range of walking abilitiesB are planned by guides from the local areaC are for people with good fitness levels14 On Travelite holidays, people holidaying alone payA the same as other clientsB only a little more than other clientsC extra only if they stay in a large room15 Entertainment is providedA when guests request itB most nightC every night16-20 complete, no more than 3 words and/or a number27-30 choose one letterExperiment 1: 27Experiment 2: 28Experiment 3: 29Experiment 4: Example FExperiment 5: 30Sharks in Australialargest caught: 16metresheaviest: 31kgcartilagerough barbsfins and 32gathered from the ocean 33Sharks locate food by using their 3435-38 choose35 Shark meshing uses nets laidA along the coastlineB at an angle to the beachC from the beach to the sea36 Other places that have taken up shark meshing includeA South AfricaB New ZealandC Tahiti37 The average number of sharks caught in nets each year isA 15B 150C 1,50038 Most sharks are caught inA springB summerC winter39-40 choose two lettersWhich two factors reduce the benefits of shark nets?A nets wrongly positionedB strong waves and currentsC too many fishD sharks eat holes in netsE moving sandsF nets too shortG holes in nets scare sharks。

HOUSE-RENTINGPeoplelandlord / landlady (女)房东tenant房客agent/agency中介host family接待家庭guest客人neighbour邻居mover 搬家公司Feesrent 租金deposit 押金utility bills 水电费water / gas / electricity / telephone bill weekly/monthly每周的/每月的refundable可退回的insurance保险contract合同，合约reference number 参考号Location位置downtown / city centre市中心suburbs / outskirts 郊区urban/rural area市区/郊县address 地址north北, south南, east东, west西northwest西北；southwest西南northeast东北；southeast东南northern北边的district 区域road/street/avenue街道Accommodation 住宿property房产furnished and equipped 家电齐全decorated 装潢的guest house招待所homestay 寄宿家庭flat / apartment公寓studio apartment单身公寓single room单人间twin room 双人间（两个床）triple room 三人间Preferencepet 宠物refreshments/ snack点心special food / dietary requirement对于食物特殊要求food allergies/ be allergic to 对…食物过敏vegetarian素食主义者seafood海鲜Facility / Equipment / Apparatus 设备Belongings 财产living room客厅bedroom 卧室dining room饭厅kitchen厨房kitchen-dinerbathroom卫生间garden花园yard庭院cloakroom衣帽间study书房garage 车库car park 停车场lift电梯fire gate/exit紧急出口air conditioner / conditioning 空调heating取暖cabinet 橱柜plates and dishes 碗盘closed-circuit TV / video surveillance 闭路电视/监控系统TRAVELLINGTravel arrangementtravel agency旅行社tour guide导游guided tours带导游的旅行reserve/reservation预定book/booking预定recreation/ entertainment/ leisure娱乐relaxed 放松的refreshed 恢复精神的leaflet/ booklet/ brochure 小册子special offer 特价优惠discount 折扣Tourist Attraction旅游景点downtown 市中心countryside 郊区highlight热点rainforest雨林swamp / marsh 沼泽wetland湿地desert沙漠grassland草原bush灌木丛mountainous region山区waterfall 瀑布viewpoint 观景点，制高点viewing shelter观景棚historic(al) interest历史遗迹castle城堡cathedral大教堂palace 宫殿temple 寺庙botanical garden植物园market garden 商品菜园garden hall 花园厅art gallery画廊museum博物馆ancient temple古寺theme park主题公园organic farm有机农场fish farm 养鱼场aquarium水族馆undersea worlds海底世界amusement park游乐园orchard果园beach / coast/ shore沙滩、海滨hot spring温泉water mill水力发电站factory 工厂warehouse/storehouse 仓库dock港口dam水坝footbridge人行小桥restaurant 餐厅café咖啡馆bookshop 书店nature reserve 自然动物保护区rare breeds section 稀有动物保护区Great Barrier Reef大堡礁Stonehenge巨石阵Sydney Opera House悉尼歌剧院Tower of London伦敦塔American museum 美国博物馆ActivitiesOutdoor exhibit 户外展览bushwalk林中漫步hiking徒步旅行trekking跋涉camping野营campsite营地cycling骑自行车mountain climbing 爬山rock climbing / cliff walks攀岩barbecue 烧烤diving 潜水carving/ sculpture 雕刻model making 模型制作Entertainment娱乐star attraction 主秀musical instrument乐器keyboard键盘piano钢琴；pianist钢琴家string instrument弦乐器violin小提琴；violinist小提琴家cello大提琴；cellist大提琴家guitar吉他；guitarist吉他手guitarriniflute笛子drum鼓pop流行音乐jazz爵士乐folk民谣easy listening轻音乐classical古典音乐live music现场音乐disco跳舞厅pub酒吧clubhouse会所concert hall音乐厅opera house歌剧院complex 娱乐中心cultural centre 文化中心karaoke bars卡拉OKconcert音乐会symphony orchestra 交响乐团cinema电影院Studio Theatre演播剧场theatre剧院theatrical events戏剧theatrette 剧院exhibition展览department stores百货商场Transportationvehicle车辆four-wheel drive四驱车jeep吉普车minibus中巴coach长途客车railway station火车站Central Station中央车站airport机场river cruise游艇游览flight/ plane 飞机helicopter直升飞机shuttle bus班车tram 有轨电车cab / taxi计程车bicycle 自行车one-way 单程Stufffridge/ ice box 冰箱mop 拖把bucket 水桶tent 帐篷backpack 背包MEMBERSHIPDivisionssports club健身俱乐部fitness centre健身俱乐部gym健身房reception前台locker room更衣室keep-fit studio健身室dance studio舞蹈教室tennis court网球场swimming pool游泳池salad bar沙拉吧security entrance 安全入口Staffreceptionist前台接待人员coach/trainer教练instructor指导教练dietician饮食专家internal member内部人员external member外部人员clerk/staff 员工section/department manager 部门经理Registrationapplication form申请表reference number档案号passport photo护照照片present address 现住址postcode 邮编contact number 联系号码documents for ID/ ID card证明文件identity card 身份证driver’s license驾照passport护照student card学生证bank statement银行对账单utility bills (water, electricity, phone, gas)水电费账单reference letter from employer雇主证明信joining fee入会费annual fee年费discount 折扣door-to-door service 送货上门SportsTEAM SPORTSsoccer/ football足球beach volleyball沙滩排球basketball篮球baseball棒球hockey曲棍球handball手球BALL GAMESgolf高尔夫badminton羽毛球table tennis乒乓球RACKET BALLtennis网球squash壁球EXERCISEboxing拳击kick-boxing搏击judo柔道yoga瑜伽cycling 骑自行车jogging慢跑aerobics有氧运动stretch class拉伸运动CARmake 牌子model 型号manufacturer 厂商engine size排量(litre升, cc)gear change 变速器manual 手动挡automatic 自动挡top speed 最高速mileage 里程数instrument panel 仪表盘frame 车架wheel (front, rear) 车轮（前轮，后轮）steering wheel方向盘car bumper保险杠insurance company 保险公司Rolls-Royce 劳斯莱斯part exchange 部分抵换BANKINGPaymentcash现金check(cheque)支票credit card 信用卡(VISA, MASTER, American Express)Currencyforeign currency 外汇exchange rate 汇率pound ￡dollar $euro ?Opening an accountcurrent account 活期账户deposit account定期账户joint account 联合账户instant account 速成账户select account 高级账户opening sum 开户额identity security身份认证bank statement 银行对账单Transactiondeposit 存款withdraw (withdrawal) 取款overdraft/ overdraw 透支balance 余额interest 利息interest rate 利率teller 出纳transfer 转账loan贷款JOB AND INTERVIEWPersonal details application form 申请表occupation 职业department 部门recruit 招募part-time job 兼职employer 雇主employee 雇员clerical assistant 文书officer assistant 行政助理waiter 服务员cook 厨师temporary staff 临时工Requirementpotential 潜力cooperative 合作性independent 独立地individual 个人地problem solving 解决问题能力obey 遵循conformity 顺应creativity 创造力talent 天资teamwork 团队合作encourage 鼓励attitude 态度conflict 矛盾behavior 行为culture 文化workplace 工作地点stress/ strain 压力tension 紧绷Benefitprofit 收益reward 报酬tip 小费incentive 奖励诱因day / late shift 白班/晚班break 休息时间Dress codeuniform 制服shirt 衬衫trousers 裤子waistcoat 背心jacket 夹克COURSE DELIVERYStaffhead领导principal校长faculty师资lecturer讲师instructor导师tutor导师director主任convenor老师administration行政管理counselor顾问consultant顾问assistant助理supervisor监管者treasurer财务主管CoursesAdvanced English Studies高级英语研究General English普通英语Academic English学术英语Gender Studies性别研究Second Language Acquisition第二语言习得Indigenous Women’s Lives当地的妇女生活Course objectives/purposesanalyze materials分析材料build technique建立技巧improve clarity改善（文字表达的）清晰度develop literacy skills提高文字表达技能motivational side激发积极性的方面positive积极的enthusiastic热心的、热情的Sessionsprocedure程序session（一节）课enroll报名参加register 注册登记book/reserve in advance提前预定consecutive连续的course type 课程类型diploma course文凭课程modular course 模块课程training session 培训课程refresher course补习课程intensive course强化课程review course复习课程orientation新生指导课程introduction入门课lecture讲座tutorial辅导课seminar研讨会group discussion小组讨论workshop讨论会debate辩论experimentequipment & facility needed需要的设施balloon气球paperclip回纹针cardboard卡纸板string线绳drill钻机pin大头针bolt门闩crystal结晶SubjectBiology生物Biophysics生理Cartography绘图法Economics经济学Education教育Engineering工程学Elementary Physics基础物理学Finance金融Geography地理Mathematics数学Marketing营销Politics政治Sociology社会学Statistics统计学Social Science社会科学Topography地形学Education primary school小学secondary school初中undergraduate本科postgraduate研究生Bachelor学士Master硕士Doctor博士ASSIGNMENTCourseworkassignment作业essay论文video report视频报告case study案例分析project项目presentation演示，报告dissertation学位论文experiment实验written work书面作业proposal计划、提议Methodologyembark on/upon开始从事……（工作、研究）branch study分支研究small-scale study小范围研究research area/field研究领域reasons for changing accommodation搬家原因entertainment industry娱乐业music preference音乐偏好material sources资料来源embassy大使馆research process研究过程select appropriate data/statistics/figures筛选恰当的数据analyze v.分析analysis n.分析analytical adj.分析的collate results核对结果identify鉴定，验明investigation/survey methods/approach/strategy调查方法1) questionnaire 问卷调查response rate回复率respondent受访人substance实质consensus一致意见confidentiality保密reassurance保证traceable可查出的2) Interview采访telephone interview电话采访face-to-face interview面对面的采访3) observation观察4) field trip（科研人员）实地调查旅行、（学生）校外考察旅行Requirementsdeadline最后期限timetable/schedule时间表priority优先submit/hand in上交extension延期reasons for extension延期的原因medical or compassionate reasons由于身体原因或有特殊困难writing convention写作规范essential recommendation必要的推荐length/word limit篇幅/字数限制check out检查typos拼写错误formatting格式layout排版sequence顺序title标题subheadings副标题bullet points要点列举chapter/section章，节contents page目录页outline提纲numbering编码page numbers页码headers页眉footers页脚conclusion结论bibliography参考书目draft初稿Assessmentreview批改revise v.修改revision n.修改evaluation评估assess评价drawback不足marking criteria评分标准feedback反馈inform告知oral / written test口（笔）试placement test分级考试LIBRARYLoansbooks书籍textbooks 教材reference book 参考书fiction小说manual手册periodical期刊current / back issue 现（过）刊journal 学术期刊newspaper(papers)报纸(local, national)magazine杂志multimedia materials多媒体资料audio-visual materials 音像材料video录像cassette磁带tape录像带category 种类publisher出版人，出版方press出版社author作者Procedure borrowing/loan period借阅期限due date还书日overdue 过期fines 罚款renew 续借recall 预借FacilitiesCD-ROM 只读光盘database 数据库Internet access网络接入laptop 笔记本电脑scanner扫描仪photocopier复印机laser printer激光打印机overhead projector投影仪Other itemscatalog(ue)分类目录checklist检查清单CAMPUS LIFECollege facilitiesmain hall大厅，礼堂lecture room阶梯教室lecture theater演讲厅drama theater剧院halls of residence宿舍living quarters居住区refectory自助餐厅canteen自助餐厅cafeteria自助餐厅dining room食堂diner饭馆laboratory实验室media room媒体室resources room资源室computer center计算机中心fitness center/gym健身房stadium露天体育馆equipment room器材室student health center医务室insurance center保险中心counseling center咨询中心careers advice就业指导处travel agency旅行社college club学院俱乐部faculty office老师办公室Business Faculty商学院welfare office福利办公室union committee学校委员会nursery托儿所child care centre托儿所security measures安全措施video surveillance视频监控closed-circuit TV闭路电视Problemsdietary problem饮食问题food allergy食物过敏study problem学习问题unmotivated动力不足的demotivated失去动力的、消极的procrastination拖拉fail a subject学科挂科personal crisis个人危机lose self-esteem失去自尊disruption打扰socialize社交desperate绝望的financial assistance经济援助grant助学金scholarship奖学金low-interest loan低息贷款sponsor资助、赞助understaffed人员配备不足的BUSINESSoverheads经费*outlay经费investment投资capital资本strike罢工*takeover收购*issue发行stock股票share股份stock market股市market share市场份额outlet商店chain连锁retail零售wholesale批发*distributer分销商marketing市场营销campaign战略advertising广告sales销售额profit利润product产品production生产manufacture生产manufacturer出厂商storehouse/warehouse仓库competition竞争cooperation合作interest rates利率training培训*favorable terms优惠的条款innovation创新outdated落后的machinery机器（总称）management team/ layers管理层employer雇主employee雇员staff员工applicant申请者corporate公司organization组织corporate crime集团犯罪embezzlement盗用，侵吞fraud诈骗import进口export出口branch bank分行*parent organization母公司call centres电话客服中心real estate agency房屋中介*business setting商业环境BIOLOGYspecies物种sub-species亚种*gene pool基因库ancestor祖先descend传承breed繁殖rear养育extinction灭绝endanger濒危threaten威胁*eradicate灭绝*infest感染introduced animals外来动物wildlife reserve野生动物保护区nature reserve自然保护区*sanctuary 保护区*refuge保护区habitat栖息地prohibit禁止*quarantine service检疫局creature生物*parasite寄生虫*mite(s) 螨pest害虫insect昆虫honey bee蜜蜂reptile爬行动物snake蛇*serpent大蛇crocodile 鳄鱼dinosaur恐龙mammal哺乳动物lion狮子marine海洋的whale鲸鱼dolphin海豚shark鲨鱼sea horse海马kiwi几维鸟*emus鸸鹋*ostrich鸵鸟*penguin企鹅kangaroo袋鼠*pollinate授粉*flora植物群sting（昆虫）叮咬sense of smell嗅觉vision视觉，视野eye-sight 视力*skeleton骨骼organ(s)器官*limbs四肢*hoof蹄子horn角hair/fur皮毛skin/hide兽皮leather皮革*mane鬃毛*pouch育儿袋*scale鱼鳞tail尾巴*fin(s)鱼鳍shell(s)贝壳*beak喙feather羽毛wings翅膀flightless不会飞的chick雏鸟*hatch孵化*pellet(s)坚硬小球，团粒AGRICULTUREproduce农产品livestock牲畜*poultry家禽*fishstock养鱼业cattle牛群herd（兽）群crops农作物cereal crops谷物wheat小麦barley大麦grain谷粒*sweet potato红薯farmland农地*plough犁；耕地cultivation耕作husbandry农业，耕作*animal husbandry畜牧irrigation灌溉pot罐子pottery陶器clay粘土stone age石器时代*Neolithic新石器时代的hunter-gatherer狩猎和采集者dwellings居住地dweller居民inhabitant居民craftsman工匠carpenter木匠merchant商人money-lender借贷者*water wheel水车*water mill水磨坊*quarry采石场cottage农舍*stables马厩*iron forge打铁铺，锻铁厂*furnace熔炉*grinding shop磨坊*engine room发动机房*steam engine蒸汽机industry工业ENVIRONMENT*incineration plants垃圾焚化场*landfill sites垃圾填埋场carbon dioxide emission二氧化碳排放greenhouse effect温室效应greenhouse gas温室气体fuel燃料coal煤firewood柴火fossil fuels矿物燃料carbon fuelsrecycling回收再利用*household waste家庭垃圾*soil conditioner土壤调节剂recycling containers回收容器raw materials原始材料virgin materials原材料drop-off sites回收站*bring banks回收银行*toughened glass强化玻璃plastic bags塑料袋*water filtration水处理*fiberglass manufacture玻璃纤维制造*crushed glass碎玻璃*polystyrene cups聚苯乙烯杯子temperature温度humid潮湿humidity潮湿landscape风景，地形vegetation植被climate change气候变化windy有风的inland内陆的shady有树荫的evaporate蒸发leaf叶子*gust阵风；狂风canyon峡谷ocean currents洋流GEOGRAPHYAustralia澳大利亚England英格兰Scotland苏格兰Ireland爱尔兰Britain英国Canada加拿大Queensland昆士兰New 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dioxide二氧化碳ozone臭氧metal金属iron铁mineral矿物质nutrition营养物salinity盐分carbohydrate碳水化合物amino acid氨基酸protein蛋白质vitamin维生素*cholesterol胆固醇bitterness苦味sourness酸味kilocalorie千卡metabolism新陈代谢*photosynthesis光合作用fossil化石toxin毒素MSG (Monosodium Glutamate)味精digest消化indigestible无法消化的x-ray X射线。

Ferritic 整理Page 1 of 3MELANIE: Excuse me, Dr Johnson. May I speak to you for a minute?DR JOHNSON: Sure. Come in.MELANIE: I'm Melanie Griffin. I'm taking your course in Population Studies.DR JOHNSON: Right. Well, Melanie, how can I help you?MELANIE: I'm ... having a bit of trouble with the second assignment, and it's due intwelve days.DR JOHNSON: What sort of trouble are you having? Is the assignment question a problem?MELANIE:Well, that's part of the problem. I'm also having ‐ been having ‐ trouble gettinghold of the books. I've been to the library several times, and all the books areout. DR JOHNSON: Sounds like you should have started borrowing books a bit earlier.MELANIE: Well, I had a really big assignment due in for another course, and I've beenspending all my time on that, and I thought ...DR JOHNSON: ... you might get an extension of time to finish your assignment for me? MELANIE: If that's possible, but I don't know ...DR JOHNSON: Well, yes, it is possible, but extensions are normally given only for medical orcompassionate reasons, otherwise it's really a question of organising your study, and we don't like giving extensions to students who simply didn't plantheir work properly. What did you get for your first assignment?MELANIE: I got eighty ‐seven per cent.DR JOHNSON: Mmm, yes, you did very well indeed, so obviously you can produce good work.MELANIE: I don't think I'll need too much extra time, as long as I can get hold of some ofthe important references.DR JOHNSON: Well, since you did so well in your first assignment, I'm prepared to give you anextra two weeks for this one, so that'll mean you'll need to submit it about amonth from now.MELANIE:Thank you. DR JOHNSON: Now, what about the reading materials? Have you checked out the journalarticles in the list?Ferritic 整理Page 2 of 3MELANIE: Umm, no, not yet, there were about twenty of them, and I wasn't sure whichones would be most useful or important.DR JOHNSON: Well, they're all useful, but I don't expect anyone to read them all, because anumber of them deal with the same issues. Let me give you some suggestions.The article by Anderson and Hawker is really worth reading.MELANIE:Right, I'll read that one. DR JOHNSON:You should also read the article by Jackson, but just look at the part on the research methodology ‐ how they did it. MELANIE:OK ... Jackson, got that ... DR JOHNSON:And if you have time, the one by Roberts says very relevant things, although. it's not essential MELANIE: So, OK, if it's useful, I'll try and read that one ...DR JOHNSON: Now, the one by Morris. I wouldn't bother with that at this stage, if I were you.MELANIE: OK, I won't bother with Morris. Oh, now, someone told me the article byCooper is important.DR JOHNSON: Well, yes, in a way, but just look at the last part, where he discusses theresearch results. And lastly, there's Forster ‐ I can't think why I included thatone. It's not bad and could be of some help, but not that much.‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ DR JOHNSON:Now, let's deal with the assignment question. What's the problem there? MELANIE:It's the graph on page two. DR JOHNSON:What seems to be the problem? It's just the bar graph showing reasons why people change where they live. MELANIE:Well, I've got a photocopy but the reasons at the bottom are missing. DR JOHNSON:OK. Look at the first bar on the graph ‐ now that indicates the number of people who move because they want more space. MELANIE: Oh I see ... bar one. OK ... Now what about the next bar?Ferritic 整理Page 3 of 3DR JOHNSON: Bar two is to do with the people living nearby disturbing them, so they chose to move away to somewhere quieter. Now let's look at bar number three ... another reason people change their place of living is because they want to be closer to the city.MELANIE: OK. Proximity to the city is an issue ...DR JOHNSON: Now ... bar number four refers to problems when the owner of the propertywon't help fix things that go wrong. In other words, the owner is nothelpful and so the tenants move out.MELANIE:OK ... now what about bar five? DR JOHNSON:Bar five is about those people who move because they need a bus or train to get them into the city or to go to work. MELANIE:OK ... and bar six? DR JOHNSON:Bar number six is Interesting. That reason was given quite a lot ‐ people moving because they wanted to be in a more attractive neighbourhood. MELANIE:Oh, yes, thank you very much.。

剑桥雅思听力材料6 手打可打印－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－Text1:Section: 11-4 complete, no more than three words9-10 write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer9 To join the centre, you need to book an instructor’s10 To book a trial session, speak to David (0458 95311) Section: 211-16 choose, What change has been made to each part of thetheatre?Part of the theatre11 box office12 shop13 ordinary seats14 seats for wheelchair users15 lifts16 dressing rooms17-20 complete, no more than two words and/or a number21 choose21 What is Brian going to do before the course starts?A attend a classB write a reportC read a book22-25 complete, no more than two words26-30 complete, no more than two wordsThe Business Resource Centre contains materials such as books and manuals to be used for training. It is possible to hire 26and27. There are materials for working on study skills (e.g.28) and other subjects include finance and 29.30membership costs ￡50 per year.31-37 complete, no more than two wordsSocial history of the East End of London38-40 choose THREE of the following problems are mentioned in connection with 20th century housing in the East End?A unsympathetic landlordsB unclean waterC heating problemsD high rentsE overcrowdingF poor standards of buildingG houses catching fireText2:Section: 11-5 complete, no more than two words and/or a numberCHILDREN ’S ART AND CRAFT WORKSHOPS● Adults must accompany children under 1 ● Cost: ￡2.50● Workshops held in: Winter House, 2 Street ● Security device: must push the 3 to open door ● Should leave car behind the 4● Book workshops by phoning the 5 (on 200765)6-10 complete, no more than two wordsSection: 211-14 complete, no more than two words and/or a numberTRAIN INFORMATION11 Local services depart from railway station.12 National services depart from the railway station.13 Trains for London depart every each day during the week. 14 The price of a first class ticket includes.15-17 complete, no more than two words and/or a number18-20 choose THREE attractions can you visit at present by trainfrom Trebirch?21-30 complete no more than three words and/or a numberDissertation Tutorial Record (Education) Name: Sandy Gibbons31-37 choose31 Some photographs of a horse running showedA all feet off groundB at least one foot on the groundC two feet off the ground32 The Scotsman employed by EdisonA designed a system to use the technology Edison had inventedB used available technology to make a new systemC was already an expert in motion picture technology33 One major problem with the first system was thatA only one person could be filmedB people could only see very short filmsC the camera was very heavy34 Rival systems started to appear in Europe after people hadA been told about the American systemB seen the American systemC used the American system35 In 1895, a famous new system was developed byA a French team working aloneB a French and German team working togetherC a German team who invented the word ‘cinema’36 Longer films were not made at the time because of problems involvingA the subject matterB the cameraC the film projector37 The ‘Lantham Loop’ invention relied onA removing tension between the film reelsB adding three more film reels to the systemC making one of the film reels more effective38-40 complete, no more than three words38 The first motion picture was called The. 39were used for first time on film in 1926.40 Subtitles were added to The Lights of New York because of itsText3:Section: 11-10 complete, no more one word and/or a number11-13 chooseTHE HISTORY OF ROSEWOOD HOUSE11 When the writer Sebastian George first saw Rosewood House, heA thought he might rent itB felt it was too expensive for himC was unsure whether to buy it 12 Before buying the house, George hadA experienced severe family problemsB struggled to become a successful authorC suffered a serious illness13 According to the speaker, George viewed Rosewood House asA a rich source of material for his booksB a way to escape from his workC a typical building of the region14-17 write the correct letter, A-J14 Pear Alley 15 Mulberry Garden 16 Shop 17 Tea Room18-20 complete, ONE WORD ONLYRIVER WALK18 Yon can walk through the that goes along the river bank. 19 You can go over the and then intoa wooded area.21-24 complete, no more than 3 words and/or a number MARKETING ASSIGNMENT21 For their assignment, the students must investigate one part of the .22 The method the students must use to collect data is .23 In total, the students must interview people.24 Jack thinks the music preference of listeners are similar.25-30 complete, no more than two words31-34 chooseIRELAND IN THE NEOLITHIC PERIOD31 According to the speaker, it is not clearA when the farming economy was introduced to IrelandB why people began to farm in IrelandC where the early Irish farmers came from32 What point does the speaker make about breeding animals in Neolithic Ireland?A Their number must have been above a certain levelB They were under threat from wild animalsC Some species died out during this period33 What does the speaker say about the transportation of animals?A Livestock would have limited the distance the farmers could sailB Neolithic boats were too primitive to have been usedC Probably only a few breeding animals were imported34 What is the main evidence for cereal crops in Neolithic Ireland?A the remains of burnt grain in potsB the marks left on posts by grainsC the patterns painted on the surface of pots35-40 write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDSSTONE TOOLS35 Ploughs could either have been pulled by or by cattle.●T he farmers needed homes which were permanent dwellings.36 In the final stages of axe-making, and were necessaryfor grinding and polishing.37 Irish axes were exported from Ireland to and England.POTTERY MAKING●T he colonisers used clay to make pots.38 The of the pots was often polished to make them watertight.39 Clay from areas was generally used.40 Decoration was only put around the of the earliest pots.Text4:Section: 11-10 complete, no more than two words and/or a numberThree day cost: 1￡Payment by 2or on arrivalAccommodation:Conference Centre●3￡per night●near to conference roomsGuest House●4￡per night●approximately 5walk from Conference CentreFurther documents to be sent:●6●an application formLocation:Conference Centre is on 7Park Road, next to the 8Taxi costs 9￡or take bus number 10from staton. Section: 211-13 choose THREE answers from the box and write the correct letter, A-D11 checking entrance tickets12 preparing refreshments13 directing car-park traffic14-20 complete, no more than three words and/or a numberSection: 321-25 complete, ONE WORD ONLY26-27 answer the questions, no more than two and/or a number26 Which books cannot be renewed by telephone or email?27 How much time is allowed to return recalled books?28-30 Which THREE topics do this term’s study skills workshops cover?A An introduction to the InternetB How to carry out research for a dissertationC Making good use of the whole range of library servicesD Planning a dissertationE Standard requirements when writing a dissertationF Using the Internet when doing researchG What books and technical resources are available in the librarySection: 431-34 choose31 When did Asiatic lions develop as a separate sub-species?A about 10,000 years agoB about 100,000 years agoC about 1,000,000 years ago32 Pictures of Asiatic lions can be seen on ancient coins from?A GreeceB The Middle EastC India33 Asiatic lions disappeared from EuropeA 2,500 years agoB 2,000 years agoC 1,900 years ago34 Very few African lions haveA a long maneB a coat with carried coloursC a fold of skin on their stomach31-34 complete, no more than TWO words and/or a numberTHE GIR SANCTUARY35 The sanctuary has an area of approximately square kilometres.36 One threat to the lions in the sanctuary is .37 The ancestors of the Gir Sanctuary lions were protected by a .38 A large part of the lion’s consists of animals belonging to local farmers.39 The lions sometimes , especially when water is short.40 In the India a man would fight a lion as a test of .感谢阅读，欢迎大家下载使用！。

test1_section1M: Good morning!W: Good morning! How can I help you?M:I understand that the school organizes … umm, trips to different…W: Yes. We run five every month, three during weekends and two Wednesday afternoon trips.M: What sort of places?W: Well. Obviously, it varies, but always places of historical interest and also which offers a variety of shopping, because our students always ask about that. And then we go for ones where we know there are guided tours because this gives a good focus for the visit. M: Do you travel far?W:Well, we are lucky here obviously because we are able to say that all our visits are less than three hours drive.M: How much do they cost?W: Again it varies, between 5 and 15 pounds a head, depending on distance.M: Ah haW: Oh and we do offer to arrange special trips if, you know, there are more than 12 people.M:Oh right. I’ll keep that in mind. And what are the times normally?W: We try to keep it pretty fixed so that the students get to know the pattern. We leave at 8.30 a.m. and return at 6 p.m. We figure it’s best to keep the day fairly short.M: Oh yes and then how do we reserve a place?W: You sign your name on the notice board. Do you know where it is?M: Ah ha. I saw it this morning.W:And we do ask that you sign up three days in advance so we know we’ve got enough people interested to run it and we can cancel if necessary with full refund of course.M:That’s fine. Thanks.M: And what visit sub plan for this term?W:Right. Well. I’m afraid the schedule hasn’t been printed out yet. But we have confirmed the dates and planed the optional extra visits, which you can also book in advance if you want to.M:Oh that’s all right. And if you can just give some ideas of the weekend ones so I can, you know, work out then to see friends and such I…W:Oh sure. Well, err the first one is St. Ives. That’s on the 13th of February and we will have only 16 places available because we’re going by mini bus. And that’s the day in town with the optional extra of visiting the Hepworth Museum.M: All right. Yes ah. That sounds good.W:And then there’s a London trip on the 16th of February. And we will be taking a medium size coach so there will be 45 places on that. And let’s see the optional extra is the Tower of London.M:Oh, I’ve already been there.W: Yam. After that is Bristol on the 3rd of March.M: Where?W: Bristol. B-R-I-S-T-O-L.M: Okay.W:That’s in a different mini bus with 18 places available. Oh and the optional extra is visit to the S.S. Great Britain.M: Okay.W:We’re going to Salisbury on the 18th of March. And that’s always the popular one because the optional extra is Stonehenge. So we’re taking the large coach with 50 seats.M: Oh good.W: And then the last one is to Bath on the 23rd of March.M: Oh yes, is Bath the Roman city?W:Yes, that’s right. And that’s in the 16 seats mini bus.M:And where’s the optional visit?W:It’s to the American Museum, well worth visit.M:Okay, that’s great. And thanks all that.W: My pleasure. Oh by the way, if you want more information about any of the trips, have a look in the student newspaper.M: Ok.W:Or have a word with my assistant. Her name is Jane Yentob. That’s Y-E-N-T-O-B.M:All right. I’ve got that. Thank you very much for all your help. W:You’re welcome. I hope you’ll enjoy the trips.test1_section2Good afternoon everybody and welcome to Riverside Industrial Village. To start your visit, I'm just going to give you a brief account of the history of the museum before letting you roam about on your own. I won't keep you long. OK?Now from where we're standing you've got a good view of the river over there. And it was because of this fast flowing water that this site was a natural place for manufacturing works. The water and the availability of raw materials in the area, like minerals and iron ore, and also the abundance of local fuels, like coal and firewood, all made this site suitable for industry from a very early time.Water was the main source of power for the early industries and some of the water wells were first established in the twelfth century,would you believe? At that time, local craftsmen first built an iron forge just behind the village here on the bank near the river. By the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the region's rivers supported more than 160 water mills and many of these continued to operate well into the nineteenth century. But then the steam engine was invented and then the railways came and the centres of industry were able to move away from the rivers and the countryside and into the towns. So industrial villages like this one became very rare.So that's the history for you. If you'd like any more information, you can ask me some questions, or you can read further in our excellent guidebook.Now I’m going to give you a plan of the site and I’d just like to point out where everything is and then you can take a look at everything for yourself. I’ve already pointed out the river, which is on the left. And of course running along the bottom is Woodside Road. Got it? Ok, now, we are standing at the entrance. See at the bottom, and immediately to our right is the ticket office. You won’t need that because you’ve got your group booking, but just pass it are the toilets, always could to know where they are. In front of us is the car park as you can see. And to the left by the entry gate is the gift shopthat is where you can get copies of the guide like this one here. Now beyond the car park, all the buildings are arranged in a half circle with a yard in the middle. The big stone building at the top is the m The lower buildings you can see on the left are the cottages. These were built for the works towards the end of the eighteenth century and they are still furnished from that period so you can get a good idea of ordinary people living conditions. Across the yard from them, you can see the Stables where the horses were kept for transporting the products. And the separate building in front of them is the Works Office and that still has some of the old accounts on display. Right. If any one wants a guided tour, then I am starting at the engine room. If you’d like to, come along this way please, ladies and gentlemen. test1_section3W: Excuse me, Dr. Johnson. May I speak to you for a minute?M: Sure. Come in.W:I’m Melanie Griffin. I’m taking your course in population studies.M: Right, so, well, Melanie, how can I help you?W:I’m having a bit trouble with the second assignment and it’s due in 12 days.M:What’s the sort of trouble are you having? Is the assignment question a problem?W: Well, that’s part of the problem. I’m also having… been having trouble getting hold of the books. I’ve been to the library several times and all the books were out.M: It sounds like you should start borrowing the books a bit earlier. W: Well I have really a big assignment due for another course and I have been spending all my time on that and I thought…M:And you might get an extension of time to finish your assignment for me?W:If that’s possible. But I don’t know…M:Well. Yes it’s possible. But extensions are n ormally given only for medical or compassionate reasons. Otherwise, that’s really a question of organizing your study and we don’t like giving an extension to a student who simply didn’t plan the work properly. What did you get for your first assignment?W: I got 87 percent.M:Umm. Yes, you did very well indeed. So obviously you can produce good work.W:I don’t think I need too much extra time, as long as I can get hold of some important references.M:Well, since you did so well in your first assignment, I’m prepared to give you an extra two weeks for this one. So, that will mean you need to submit it about a month from now.W: Oh thank you.M:Now what about the reading materials? So you check out the journal articles in the list?W: Oh, no, not yet. The re were about twenty of them I wasn’t sure which ones should be most useful or all important.M:Well they’re all useful, but I don’t expect anyone to read them all because a number of them deal with the same issues. And let me give you some suggestions. The article by Anderson and Hawker is really worth reading.W:Right. I’ll read that one.M: You should also read the article by Jackson but just look at the part at the research methodology how they did it.W: Ok, Jackson, I got that.M: And if you have time the one by Roberts says very a lot of things although it’s not essential.W:Ok. If it’s useful I’ll try with that one.M:Now the one by Morris. I wouldn’t borrow with that at this stage if I were you.W:Ok, I won’t borrow with Morris. Oh now, someone told me that the article by Cooper is important.M:Oh yes, but just look at the last part where it discusses the research result.W:And last there’s Forster. I can’t think why I included that one. That’s not bad and could be some help but not that much.M:Now let’s deal with the assignment question. What’s the problem there?W:It’s graph from page 2.M: It seems to be the problem is just about the bar graph showing reasons why peoples change where they live.W:Well I’ve got a photocopy but the reasons at the bottom are missing.M:Ok. Look at the first bar on the graph. Now that indicates the number of people who move because they want more space.W:Oh, I see. Bar one. Ok, now what’s about the next bar?M: Bar two is to do with the people who live nearby disturbing them so they chose to move away to somewhere quieter. Now let’s look at bar No.3. Another reason people change their places of living is because they want to be closer to the city.W: Ok. Proximity to the city is the issue.M: Now bar No.4 refers to problems when the owner of the property won’t help fix things go wrong. In other words, the owner is not helpful and so the tenants move out.W: Ok, now what about Bar 5.M: Bar 5 is about those people who move because they need a busor train to get among the city or to go to work.W: Ok, and Bar 6?M:Bar No.6 is mid-resting. That reason was given quite a lot. People move in because they wanted to be in a more attractive neighbourhood.W: Oh yes. Thank you very much.test1_section4Good day, ladies and gentlemen. I've been asked today to talk to you about the urban landscape. There're two major areas that I'll focus on in my talk: how vegetation can have a significant effect on urban climate and how we can better plan our cities using trees to provide a more comfortable environment for us to living.Trees can have a significant impact on our cities. They can make our cities, as a whole, a bit less windy or a bit more windy as that what you want. They can make it a bit cooler if it's a hot summer day in an Australian city or they can make it a bit more humid if it's a dry inland city. On the local scale, that is a particular area within the city, trees can make the local area more shady, cooler, more humid and much less windy. In fact, trees and plantings of various of kinds can be used to make city streets actually less dangerous in particular areas.How do trees do that, you'll ask? Well, the main difference between a tree and a building is a tree has got an internal mechanism to keep the temperature regulated. It evaporates water through its leaves. And that means the temperature of the leaves is never very far from our own body temperature. The temperature of a building surface on a hot sunny day can easily be 20 degrees more than our temperature. Trees, on the other hand, remain cooler than buildings because they sweat. This means they can humidify the air and cool it, a property which can be exploited to improve the local climate.Trees can also help break the force of the winds. The reason that high buildings may keep windier at ground level is that as the wind goes higher and higher, it goes faster and faster. When the wind hits the building, it has to go somewhere. Some of it goes over the top and some goes around the sides of the building, forcing those high level winds down to ground level. That doesn't happen when you have trees. Trees filter the wind and considerably reduce it preventing those very large strong gusts that you so often find around tall buildings.Another problem in built-up areas is the traffic noise is intensified bytall buildings. By planting a belt of trees at the side of the road, you can make things a little quieter but much of the vehicle noise still goes through the trees. Trees can also help reduce the amount of noise in the surroundings, although the effect is not as large as people would like to think. Low frequency noise, in particular, just goes through the trees as that they aren't there.Although trees can significantly improve the local climate, they do, however, take up a lot of space. There're route system to consider and branches blocking the windows and so on. It may therefore be difficult to fit trees into the local landscape. There's not a great deal you can do if you have what we call a street canyon, a whole set of high-rises enclosed in the narrow street. Trees need water to grow. They also need some sunlight to grow and you need room to put them. If you have the chance of knocking buildings down and replacing them, then suddenly you can start looking at different ways to design the streets and to introduce...<End>test2_section1W: Oh, Peter, there you're. It's been ages. What catches so long? M: Sorry, I'm so late, Sally. Have you been waiting long?W: Half an hour. But it doesn't matter. I had a coffee and I had been reading this guidebook for tourists. Sit down.M: Umm.W: You look very hot and tired. What would you like to drink?M: I'd love really chill mineral water or something. Would you have another coffee?W: Yes, I'll. The waitress will be back in a moment. Why are you so late. Did something happen?M: Yes. You know I went to the bank to cash something traveller's cheques. Well the exchange rate was looking very healthy but I went to the teller they told me that the computer system was temporarily down. So they couldn't do any transactions. They said the problem would be fixed in a few minutes so I waited. And then I started talking to another guy in the bank and I forgot the time.W: Oh, really? Someone you met in the bank. Does he work there? M: No, he was a tourist, from NY. His name is Henry. And he's been here for a week, but he's moving on to Germany tomorrow. He's an architect and he's spending four weeks travelling along Europe.W: Just like us?M: Yes, just like us. He told me the names of some places where we should eat. Great food and not too expensive, he said. Oh, and he also gave me this map of the buses to me, he said he didn't need it anymore.W:That's useful. But he's moving on tomorrow. Yes, here's thewaitress. Let's order. Do you want something to eat? Or should we just have a drink?M: Well. I'm hungry. And we've got a lot of sightseeing to do. So let's just have a snack and drink.W: It sounds good to me.M: Well. Let's decide what we'll see today. I guess the best place to start is the Cathedral and then the Castle. What're the opening times for those two?W:Well, according to this guidebook, the Cathedral is only open from 9.30 in the morning until midday. <Ah...> No, hang on. That's the Cathedral Museum. <Oh!> The Cathedral itself is open morning and afternoon. The Castle is just open from 1 to 5 so we can't go there until after lunch. I really want to spend some time on the Art Gallery because they've got this wonderful painting by Rembrandt 〔倫伯朗〕that I always want to see.M: What else should we see?W: Well the guidebook says the Botanical Gardens worth spending some time in. And there're open all day from 8 to 6 so we go there anytime. <En...> I'd like to go to the markets near the river too. But ... Oh no way, that's only in the mornings too.M: As well as today and tomorrow, we can see some other places on Monday you know. But I don't think the markets will be open then.They only open on Thursdays. So we miss them for this week. Maybe we can go to the Cathedral today because it's Sunday tomorrow. And even though it's open every day it might be difficult to get in tomorrow because the chair services.W: That is true. But the Art Gallery isn't open on Sundays at all. So we'll have to go there today. <En> The Castle is open every day except Monday. So it'll okay there. And the Gardens of course is only closed at night.M: Are all these places free? Or do we have to pay to go in? What does the guidebook say?W:I think there's a charge for all of them except the Botanical Gardens. Oh and the markets. Of course you don't pay to go in.M: Okay, well, let's have a look at our plan at this. We'll go to see the painting, you like first, that the Rembrandt, then have lunch then we go on to the Castle after that and then the Cathedral.W:Okay. It says here that the roof of the Cathedral is really beautiful.M: Is that right? But I really want to do with the Cathedral is climb the tower. The view is supposed to be spectaculous!W: Okay well that'll be more than enough today. And tomorrow let's go to the Botanical Gardens and have a picnic. <En!> I want to sit by the river and watch the swans. The city's famous for them.test2_section2So the Counselling Services we are for dealing with any problems arising from your studies or in your life outside the university.Let's take academic counselling. If you confuse about subjects or how to combine them of your degree, we can advise you and discuss the career you are aiming for, so that you can see it all in context. We can also chase up your tutor if you're not getting proper feedback on how you will be getting on your subjects.Besides help with academic problems, you may also need personal counselling. If you think you're already under stress, well, just wait to classes begin next week, you'll have to start adjusting to teaching and learning methods that may be unfamiliar to you as well as the mounting pressures the deadline for that first assignment creates upon you.And of course you'll have to cope with all these without your usual social network, you know, the social contacts, family and friends, you can normally rely on for help. All of this causes anxiety. Studying overseas can trigger a personal crisis. You may have left a lot of or you might call unfinished business back in your owncountry. Or you may have interrupted personal relationships or even sometimes broken them off to come overseas. And so students often feel so lonely, unhappy, unmotivated and unable to concentrate on study. Or there may be other things bothering you. Our resident chapel can offer you spiritual guidance if that what you want or we can put you in touch with community groups that can provide you with social contacts and friendship.What about exam stress? It effects nearly every one to some extent, but especially oversea students like yourselves. There may be a huge amount of family pressure on you to succeed. And if you fail a subject or drop off a course because it's too difficult, then your self-esteem can suffer, but it's not the end of the world if you don't pass an exam. I had a reset first year anthropology so I can certainly offer you a sympathetic hear. Anyway, exam failure can lead varying changes in the way you normally behave.You may also be off your food or you may have dietary problems because the local food is not to your liking and upset you and this can affect your health and studies. Glenda Roberts is our dietician in the health service and we can put you onto her.And we all have money problems, don't we? But remember full-time students can get a low interest loan of up to 600 dollars to buy books and for similar study related expenses. That's right. And you can get a double that amount if you can't afford an item or equipment you need for your course, so, musical instrument for example. That doesn't stop there. When you move into a flat, starting-up expenses including furniture afford can be covered by a loan through the welfare service. See Jill Freeman for details.Can we help you? Well last academic year in spite of staff cuts, we counselled 240 international students for a total of 2600 hours' counselling. And finally we won all the just one of the twelve appeals that we launched on behaves of the students. Not too bad for an understaff service, don't you think? That's all for me. Thank you. test2_section3W:Oh, there you are, good. Sorry I'm a bit late. There was a long queue. So have you work out how to do with the assignment then?M1:Not yet. We've been here only a couple of minutes ourselves. W: Can you just remind me what the task is exactly?M2: Well there're two, err, no, three parts to it. The first we have got to write an essay about ways of collecting data, then...W: What's the title of the essay exactly?M1: I've got a here. Assess the two main methods of collecting data in social science research.W: And how much do we need to write?M1: 1500 words. That's the essay. Then for the second part of this assignment we have to choose one method of data collection and carry out a small-scale study making appropriate use of the method chosen to get data from at least 5 subjects.W: And then we have to write a report on the study?M2: That's right. It's three to four thousands words.W: Did you get as far as discussing which form of data collection we should go for? Questionnaire or interview, isn't it?M1:Yes, I think we should do a questionnaire. That would be so much less time consuming than organizing interviews, I recommend. Once we've agreed on the wording we only have to send it out and wait for the responses.W: Yes...I think it probably would be quicker. But what that are the article gave us last week say about the quality of data from questionnaires？M1:I'm pretty sure recommended questionnaires are source of highly reliable data as long as you design the questionnaire properly in the first place the data will be fine.W:No. I'm sure it talks about drawbacks as well, doesn't it,something about the response rate and the problems you get if it is too low.M1: Yes, but we only need data from 5 subjects, anyway.W: Oh, I suppose so. Another drawback I remember it mentions was that questionnaire data tends not to reveal anything unexpected because it is limited to the questions fixed in advance by the researcher.M1:Come on, Rose. This is only a practice. It seems not a real research, is it?W: Well, I'm sure about that.W: Maybe I'll be back through the article again. Just to be sure. Can you remember what was called?M: Sample surveys and social science research, I think, by Mehta. W: M-E-H-T-A?M: Yep. And he also recommended a more reasonable called Survey research by Belle, I think. It's an art series published by London University.M2:And if we try to use interviews instead I saw a book in the departmental library that will be helpful for this it is called Interviews that work by Wilson published in Oxford in 1988.W: Right. Oh, I have got a tutorial now. Can we meet up again later this week. What about Friday morning?M: Suits me. 11 o'clock?W: Fine.M: Before Friday, I think we should all look though the reading list. test2_section4So far, in these lectures, we've been looking at crimes like robbery and murder, both from historical view of point and also in contemporary society. And we've seen the preoccupation of western societies with crime and with lawlessness is a pile of long and continuous tradition rather than something which is null and unique to modern society.But over the past 70 years or so, there's been a massive increase in one type of crime which was what's known as corporate crime. Corporate crime is crime which as the name suggests, is connected with companies, with business organizations. It includes illegal acts leader, individuals or a group within a company. But what is important is that these actors normally in accordance with the goals of the company. They're for the good of the company rather than the individual. It's been defined as, quote, crime which is committed for the corporate organization, the company, not against it, unquote. So crimes like theft by employees, things like... err... embezzlement or fraud against one's actual employer are excluded, according to thisdefinition. The employees maybe involve but they're acting in the first place for the company. They may not even realize that they commit a crime, or they may realize but they feel it's excusable because it's policy, or because otherwise they may lose their jobs. So here we're really talking about the links between power and crime.Now this is one area that much less generally known about the conventional or traditional crime. It's been relatively ignored by the mass media. For example, it tends to be underreported in comparison with conventional crime in news broadcasts and in crime series of films and so on. They very rarely deal with corporate crime. And it also tends to be ignored in academic circles, as being far more research on conventional crime and far more data is available.There're several reasons for this lack of interest in corporate crime compared with other types of crime. It's often very complex, whereas conventional crime, it's usually possible to follow what's going on without specialist knowledge. As well as this, whereas conventional crime has a lot of human interest, corporate crime often has much less. The third reason, and possibly the most significant one, is that very often that victims are unaware. They think their misfortune is an accident, or that is the fault of no one in particular.They're unaware that they've been victims of a crime.So when we look at the effects of corporate crime, we may find it's very difficult to assess the costs, but these costs can be very considerable in both their economic and social aspects.Let's look at the economic costs first. For example, if a company is producing fruit juice, and it dilutes its product, so that's just a little below the concentration it should be, many millions of people may be paying a small amount of extra for their carrot orange juice. Now some amounts like this may seem insignificant for individual customers, too small to worry about. But for the company, this deception might result in massive illegal profit. However all our studies of corporate crime agree that the individuals are in fact deprived of far more money by such crime than they're by conventional crime like robbery and theft.In addition to this we have to consider the social costs of corporate crime. And these are again very difficult to assess but they're considerable. They're important because they can undermine the faith of the public in the business world. And also, more importantly, because the main group of people they're in fact effected not thericher section of the society but the poorer. So here, companies are robbing the poorer then benefit the rich.There're two more points to do with corporate crime. Then I'd like to illustrate with the reference to a pacific event which occurred several years ago. This was an explosion of a large oil tanker which cost the loss of more than fifty lives of the crew. It was an explosion which never should have happened and the subsequent inquiry laid the blame not on anyone who's actually been on the tanker at the time but on the owners of the tanker. They had deliberately decided not to carry out necessary repair work on the tanker as it was due to be sold. And it was this lack of repair work which was directly responsible for the explosion.Now this illustrates two points to do with corporate crime. First of all, that it's not had to be intentional. The owners of the tanker certainly did not intend it to explode but very serious consequence can result from people or organizations not considering the possible results are their actions seriously enough. The main crime here was indifference to the human results rather than actual intention to harm anyone. But that didn't make the results any less tragic. And this leads to my second point. That corporate crime can have very severe。

剑桥国际英语教程4光盘1听力原文亲爱的读者们：由于工作的原因，需要《剑桥国际英语教程4》（Passage 4）的听力原稿。

在网络上搜索到一些，但是它们有一些小错误，并且缺失几个单元的听力原稿。

已经整理教材CD-A中的听力原稿，CD-B的听力原稿会在接下来的日子里上传。

由于时间仓促，且笔者的水平有限，难免会有错误和遗漏。

请发送私信，我会予以修正，以方便后续的读者。

想出来的智慧2018年1月10日Unit 1Luis: Well, I guess the biggest change in my life over the last five years is that I got married. I used to be single, and now I’m not! I used to enjoy going out with friends every weekend- you know I was a lot more sociable. Now a more of own body, I liked to stay at home, watch TV- that kind of thing. It’s not so bad. I guess you could say that I grew up- I was tired of going out all the time and ready to settle down and start a family.Celine: For me the change has been with my work. I used to work in a large company. I worked in their corporate headquarters downtown in the accounting department. It was a great job- good money, decent benefits. When I first started at that company, I was very young and very ambitions. But after a while, I got tired of it. I was so unhappy there, and the commute was killing me! But one evening two years ago, I attended a seminar on working for yourself-you know, being self-employed and starting your own company. So I quit my job and gave it a try. It was scary at first, but after a little while I could see it wasgoing to work out just fine for me. I couldn’t be happier.Diana: Gosh, five years ago I was a completely different person. You wouldn’t have recognized me if you’d seen me then! I talk a lot now, but I was more reserved then. And I hardly exercised at all. I never played any sports and rarely spent time outside. I was in terrible shape and worried about my health. But all that changed when I met my friend Judy. See, she convinced me to start slowly, you know, by walking every morning before work and swimming twice a week. Well, now I spend most of my free time outside- hiking, swimming when the weather’s good, playing tennis or racquetball- tho se kinds of things. I’m in pretty good shape now and feeling wonderful.Luis: Well, my wife is always saying that I’m not very good with money, not practical at all. She’s always teasing me about spending habits, but she’s right. When I see something I wan t, I just go and buy it, even if it is something I don’t really need. I guess I waste a lot of our money. We’re expecting our first child in December, and now that there’s going to be three of us, well , I think I do need to be more careful.Celine: workin g at home has been a real struggle. It’s been a lot harder than I imagined. I need to be more organized, that’s for sure. So, I ’ve decide to hire at a part-time secretary- you know, someone who can come in couple of times a week and help out with me phones, the filing, and just clean up in general. I’m so busy that sometimes I kind of let things get out of hand- the office gets really messy! I sure could use some help. Diana: Well, I started mountain climbing a year and a half ago, and I just love it. Well, the next step for me is to concentrate on that sport and see where I can go with it. I’d love to someday- say, five or ten years from now- go mountain climbing in the Himalayas.They have some of the highest and most beautiful mountains in the world. That would be a real adventure! But before I do anything like that, I have to practice, practice, practice! And I have to get stronger –mentally as well as physically.Paul: So, Andrea, you going home for the holidays?。

Test 4-1LISTENINGSECTION 1 Questions 1-10Questions 1-4 Complete the notes belowWrite NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.NOTES ON SOCIAL PROGRAMMEExample AnswerNumber of trips per monty: 5Visit places which have: ---historical interest---good 1___________---2________________Cost:between £5.00 and £15.00 per personNote: special trips organised for groups of 3 _________peopleTime: departure - 5.30 a.m.return - 6.00 p.m.To reserve a seat: sign name on the 4 __________ 3 days in advanceQuestions 5-10 Complete the table belowWrite NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.WEEKEND TRIPSSECTION 4-1-2 Questions 11-20Questions 11-13 Complete the sentences below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answerRIVERSIDE INDUSTRIAL VILLAGE11 Riverside Village was a good place to start an industry because it had water, raw materials and fuelssuch as___________________ and __________________12 The metal industry was established at Riverside Village by_____________ who lived in the area.13 There were over _______________water-powered mills in the area in the eighteenth century Questions 14-20 Label the plan below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.SECTION 4-1-3 Questions 21-30Questions 21 and 22 Choose the correct letter, A, B or CExample Melanie could not borrow any books from the library because ( C)A the librarian was out.B she didn’t have time to look.C the books had already been borrowed.21 Melanie says she has not started the assignment becauseA she was doing work for another course.B it was a really big assignment.C she hasn’t spent time in the library.22 The lecturer says that reasonable excuses for extensions areA planning problems.B problems with assignment deadlines.C personal illness or accident. Questions 23-2 7What recommendations does Dr Johnson make about the journal articles?Choose your answers from the box and write the letters A-G next to questions 23-2 7.Example Anderson and Hawker: Answer AA must readB usefulC limited valueD read first sectionE read research methodsF read conclusionG don’t readJackson: 23 --- Roberts: 24 --- Morris: 25 ---- Cooper: 26 ---- Forster: 27 ----Questions 28-30 Label the chart below.Choose your answers from the box below and write the letters A-H next to questions 28-30.Population studies ---Reasons for changing accommodationPossible reasonsA uncooperative landlordB environmentC spaceD noisy neighboursE near cityF work locationG transportH rentSECTION 4-1- 4 Questions 31-40 Complete the notes below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.THE URBAN LANDSCAPETwo areas of focus: ---the effect of vegetation on the urban climate---ways of planning our 3l____________ betterLarge-scale impact of trees: --- they can make cilties more or less 32 ___________---In summer they can make cities cooler---they can make inland cities more 33 __________Local impact of trees: they can make local areas - more 34 __________- cooler- more humid- less windy- less 35 ____________Comparing trees and buildingsTemperature regulation: ---trees evaporate water through their 36 ____________---building surfaces may reach high temperaturesWind force: ---tall buildings cause more wind at 37___________ level---trees 38__________ the wind forceNoise: ---trees have a small effect on traffic noise---39___________ frequency noise passes through treesImportant points to consider trees require a lot of sunlight, water and 40__________to growTest 4-2 LISTENINGSECTION 4-2-1 Questions 1-10Questions 1-5 Choose the correct letter, A, B or CExample H ow long has Sally been waiting? ( C )A five minutesB twenty minutesC thirty minutes1 What does Peter want to drink? A tea B coffee C a cold drink2 What caused Peter problems at the bank?A The exchange rate was down.B He was late.C The computers weren’t working.3 Who did Peter talk to at the bank? A an old friend B an American man C a German man4 Henry gave Peter a map of A the city. B the bus routes. C the train system.5 What do Peter and Sally decide to order? A food and drinks B just food C just drinks Questions 6-8 Complete the notes below using words from the box.Tourist attractions open all day: 6_____________ and GardensTourist attractions NOT open on Mondays: 7 ___________and CastleTourist attractions which have free entry: 8 ___________and MarketsQuestions 9 and 10 Complete the sentences below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.9 The first place Peter and Sally will visit is the _____________10 At the Cathedral, Peter really wants to ______________SECTION 4-2-2 Questions 11-20 Choose the correct letter, A, B or C11 The Counselling Service may contact tutors ifA they are too slow in marking assignments.B they give students a lot of work.C they don’t inform students about their progress.12 Stress may be caused by A new teachers. B time pressure. C unfamiliar subject matter.13 International students may find stress difficult to handle becauseA they lack support from family and friends.B they don’t have time to make new friends.C they find it difficult to socialise.14 A personal crisis may be caused byA studying for too long overseas.B business problems in the student’s own country.C disruptions to personal relationships.15 Students may lose self-esteem ifA they have to change courses.B they don’t complete a course.C their family puts too much pressure on them.16 Students should consult Glenda Roberts ifA their general health is poor.B their diet is too strict.C they can’t eat the local food.17 Students in financial difficulties can receiveA assistance to buy books.B a loan to pay their course fees.C a no-interest loan to cover study expenses.18 Loans are also available to students whoA can’t pay their rent.B need to buy furniture.C can’t cover their living expenses.19 The number of students counselled by the service last year was A 214. B 240. C 2,600.20 The speaker thinks the Counselling ServiceA has been effective in spite of staff shortages.B is under-used by students.C has suffered badly because of staff cuts.SECTION 4-2-3 Questions 21-30Questions 21-24 Complete the notes below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answerDETAILS OF ASSIGNMENTPart 1 EssayTitle: ‘Assess the two main methods of 21___________ in social science research’Number of words: 22 _____________Part 2 Small-scale studyChoose one method.Gather data from at least 23 ______________subjects.Part3 Report on studyNumber of words: 24 ____________Questions 25 and 26 Choose TWO letters A-E.What TWO disadvantages of the questionnaire form of data collection do the students discuss?A The data is sometimes invalid.B Too few people may respond.C It is less likely to reveal the unexpected.D It can only be used with literate populations.E There is a delay between the distribution and return of questionnaires.Questions 27-30 Complete the table below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS OR A NUMBER for each answerSECTION 4-2-4 Questions 31-40 Questions 31 and 32 Choose the correct letter, A, B or C31 Corporate crime is generally committedA against individuals.B by groups.C for companies.32 Corporate crime does NOT includeA employees stealing from their company.B unintentional crime by employees.C fraud resulting from company policy.Questions 33-38 Complete the notes below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. Corporate crime has been ignored by. a) the 33____________e.g. filmsb) 34_____________Reasons: a) often more complex, and needing 35 ______________-b) less human interest than conventional crimec) victims often 36________________Effects: a) Economic costs --- can make large 38 __________ for company--- cause more losses to individuals than conventional crimesb) Social costs ---make people lose trust in business world---affect poorer people mostQuestions 39 and 40 Choose TWO letters A-F.The oil tanker explosion was an example of a crime whichA was no-one’s fault.B was not a corporate crime.C was intentional.D was caused by indifference.E had tragic results.F made a large profit for the company.Test 4-3 LISTENINGSECTION 4-3-1 Questions 1-10Questions 1-4 Complete the form below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR NUMBERS for each answer.Accommodation Request FormExample AnswerName: Sara LimAge: 23Length of time in Australia: 1 ___________Present address: Flat 1,539, 2___________ RoadCanterbury 2036Present course: 3___________ EnglishAccommodation required from: 4 _____________7th SeptemberQuestions 5-7 Choose the correct letter, A, B or C5 Sara requires a A single room. B twin room. C triple room.6 She would prefer to live with a A family. B single person. C couple.7 She would like to live in a A flat. B house. C studio apartment.Questions 8-10 Complete the sentences below. Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD for each answer8 The _____________will be $320.9 She needs to pay the rent by cash or cheque on a__________ basis.10 She needs to pay her part of the _______________bill.SECTION 4-3-2 Questions 11-20Questions 11-14 Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.11 When is this year’s festival being held? A 1-13 January B 5-17 January C 25-3 1 January12 What will the reviewer concentrate on today? A theatre B dance C exhibitions13 How many circuses are there in the festival? A one B two C several14 Where does Circus Romano perform? A in a theatre B in a tent C in a stadiumQuestions 15-20 Complete the notes below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.SECTION 4-3-3 Questions 21-30Questions 21-25 Choose the correct letter, A, B or C21 The man wants information on courses forA people going back to college.B postgraduate students.C business executives.22 The `Study for Success’ seminar lasts for A one day. B two days. C three days.23 In the seminar the work on writing aims to improve A confidence. B speed. C clarity.24 Reading sessions help students to read A analytically. B as fast as possible. C thoroughly.25 The seminar tries toA prepare learners physically.B encourage interest in learning.C develop literacy skills. Questions 26-30 Choose the correct letter, A, B or C26 A key component of the course is learning how toA use time effectively.B stay healthy.C select appropriate materials.27 Students who want to do the `Study for Success’ seminar shouldA register with the Faculty Office.B contact their Course Convener.C reserve a place in advance.28 The ¡®Learning Skills for University Study’ course takes place onA Monday, Wednesday and Friday.B Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday.C Monday, Thursday and Friday.29 A feature of this course isA a physical training component.B advice on coping with stress.C a detailed weekly planner.30 The man chooses the `Study for Success’ seminar becauseA he is over forty.B he wants to start at the beginning.C he seeks to revise his skills.SECTION 4-3-4 Questions 31-40Questions 31 and 32 Complete the notes below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.New Union Buildingprocedures to establish student opinion:---students were asked to give written suggestions on the building’s design---these points informed the design of a 31_________________(there were 32 ____________respondents)---results collated and report produced by Union CommitteeQuestions 33-3 7 Complete the table below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Question 38 Choose TWO letters A-CWhich TWO facilities did the students request in the new Union building?A a libraryB a games roomC a student health centreD a mini fitness centreE a large swimming poolF a travel agencyG a lecture theatreQuestion 39 Choose the correct letter, A, B or CWhich argument was used AGAINST having a drama theatre?A It would be expensive and no students would use it.B It would be a poor use of resources because only a minority would use it.C It could not accoMmodate large productions of plays.Question 40 Choose TWO letters A-E.Which TWO security measures have been requested?A closed-circuit TVB show Union Card on entering the buildingC show Union Card when askedD spot searches of bagsE permanent Security Office on siteTest 4-4 LISTENINGSECTION 4-4-1 Questions 1-10 Complete the notes below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.GOODBYE PARTY FOR JOHNExample AnswerDate:22nd DecemberVenue: 1__________Invitations (Tony)Who to invite: - John and his wife- Director- the 2 __________- all the teachers- all the 3________Date for sending invitations: 4 ___________Present (Lisa)Collect money during the 5__________Suggested amount per person: 6$__________Check prices for: - CD players- 7 _________- coffee makerAsk guests to bring: - snacks- 8 _________-9__________Ask student representative to prepare a 10___________SECTION 4-4-2 Questions 11-20Questions 11-15 Choose the correct letter, A, B or C11 To find out how much holidays cost, you should press button A one. B two. C three.12 Travelite currently offer walking holidaysA only in Western Europe.B all over Europe.C outside Europe.13 The walks offered by TraveliteA cater for a range of walking abilities.B are planned by guides from the local area.C are for people with good fitness levels.14 On Travelite holidays, people holidaying alone payA the same as other clients.B only a little more than other clients.C extra only.if they stay in a large room.15 Entertainment is provided A when guests request it. B most nights. C every night. . Questions 16-20 Complete the table below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answerSECTION 4-4-3 Questions 21-30Questions 21-26 Complete the table below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answerQuestions 2 7-30 What problems do the speakers identify for each experiment?Choose your answers from the box and write the letters A-H next to questions 2 7-30.Problems A too messy B too boring C too difficult D too much equipmentE too longF too easyG too noisyH too dangerousExperiment 1: 27 --- Experiment 2: 28 --- Experiment 3: 29 --- Experiment 5: 30 --- Experiment 4: Example FSECTION 4-4-4 Questions 31-40Questions 31-34 complete the notes below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answerSharks in AustraliaLength largest caught: 16 metresWeight heaviest: 31 kgSkeleton cartilageSkin texture rough barbsSwimming aids fins and 32 ________Food gathered from the ocean 33 __________sharks locate food by using their 34 __________Questions 35-38 Choose the correct letter, A, B or C35 Shark meshing uses nets laidA along the coastline.B at an angle to the beach.C from the beach to the sea.36 Other places that have taken up shark meshing include A South Africa. B New Zealand. C Tahiti.37 The average number of sharks caught in nets each year is A 15. B 150. C 1,500.38 Most sharks are caught in A spring. B summer. C winter.Questions 39 and 40 Choose TWO letters A-G. Which TWO factors reduce the benefits of shark nets?A nets wrongly positionedB strong waves and currentsC too many fishD sharks eat holes in netsE moving sandsF nets too shortG holes in nets scare sharks。