具有X86到ARM二进制翻译和执行功能
的SoC系统设计
二进制翻译是一种直接翻译可执行二进制程序的技术，能够把一种处理器上的二进制程序翻译到另外一种处理器上执行。它使得不同处理器之间的二进制程序可以很容易的相互移植，扩大了硬件/软件的适用范围，有助于打破处理器和支持软件之间的相互扼制的局面。二进制翻译技术的优点为：不需要重编译源码就可以实现软件从旧平台到新平台的移植;快速为新机器提供软件，包括移植操作系统和编译器;充分利用新机器的特性优化代码;减少培训费用
二进制翻译是一种直接翻译可执行二进制程序的技术，能够把一种处理器上的二进制程序翻译到另外一种处理器上执行。它使得不同处理器之间的二进制程序可以很容易的相互移植，扩大了硬件/软件的适用范围，有助于打破处理器和支持软件之间的相互扼制的局面。二进制翻译技术的优点为：不需要重编译源码就可以实现软件从旧平台到新平台的移植;快速为新机器提供软件，包括移植操作系统和编译器;充分利用新机器的特性优化代码;减少培训费用，因为使用的是相同的软件，所以不必在新平台上重新培训员工;降低了多平台软件的费用。
1SOC架构设计
1.1 处理器的确定
通用处理器与硬件逻辑是SoC设计的主流架构。在一些需要大量数据处理的应用中，这样的架构并不能满足要求。实际上，由于不同的任务在很大程度上互相独立运行，可以将具有内在执行并行性的任务分解为紧密联系的子任务，不同的内核可以执行不同的子任务，多核架构在1个周期内可以执行多个指令。这种并行处理使得整个系统的性能与使用单核处理器串行处理相同任务相比，有了很大改进。另外，多核架构设计可以复用现有的单核处理器作为处理器核心，从而可以缩短设计和验证周期，节省开发成本，符合SoC设计的基本思路。多核架构是未来SoC发展的一个趋势。
该设计采用双核架构，采用当代流行的处理能力较好的ARM处理器ARM7TDMI-S 和ARM926EJ-S，ARM内核最大的优势在于高速度、低功耗。
ARM7TDMl-s具有3级流水线结构，支持Win-dows CE，Linux等操作系统。ARM926EJ-S是ARM公司在2000年推出的功能最强大的ARM9处理器，实现5级流水，它与外部通信接口为双AHB总线结构，即指令AHB总线和数据AHB总线。该设计中ARMTDMI-S主要负责控制、操作系统平台和任务的调度。
ARM926EJ-S则主要负责各种任务的执行。
1.2 使用的总线标准
由于SoC中集成了大量的IP核，设计的关键在于如何实现各IP模块之间的互连。目前，SoC中IP核的互连一般采用总线结构，通过消息通信。
采用ARM公司的AHB与APB为片上总线。AMBA总线体系结构是当前SoC体系设计结构设计的开放标准，由于AMBA被越来越多的公司采用，已迅速成为SoC结构和IP库开发的标准。
在具体实现时，采用AHB加APB的两级总线结构。AHB用来支持高速设备，支持多主从设备。多个主设备之间通过仲裁机制保证优先级，从设备通过地址译码机制被选中，并响应主设备发起的总线事务。APB用支持基于寄存器访问的低速设备。AHB与APB两条总线通过总线桥连接在一起，实现两条总线之间的协议转换。图1为SoC的系统结构框图。
1.3 各IP在系统中的功能
除了两个处理器外，SoC中各IP核功能如下：翻译模块：实现将X86指令翻译成为ARM指令的功能。
SMI：外部存储与微处理器之间的桥梁，支持RoM作为系统的非易失性存储介质，支持片外SRAM作为系统的外围高速存储。
中断控制器：用来支持系统内部与外部的中断控制，如中断电平/边沿触发、中断电平极性与中断使能等。
Internal Memory：片内SRAM，大小为1 KB，但可以通过修改Verilog的描述来改变其大小。
Default Slave：用于当master访问未定义的地址空间时，给出一个应答信号。
Retry Slave：是一个可以产生重试回应及等待命令的slave范例，若需要类似的模组，可以利用它来完成。
Watchdog：保证系统安全的监控模块，软件需在预定的时间内访问相应的寄存器，否则硬件将产生内部信号自动复位。
GPIO控制器：用来支持扩展外设，拓宽SoC的使用范围。
Remap&Pause：主要分成两个处理单元，前者负责控管地址是否重新对应的机制，后者负责管理系统的省电模式。
TImer：定时器，支持捕获、Matchout输出、外部时钟驱动。
2 X86到ARM二进制翻译模块
该设计使用的翻译模块通过编写Verilog HDL实现，能将部分X86指令翻译成ARM指令，实现了某些X86应用程序到ARM架构的移植。图2为解码器内部结构图。
该翻译模块首先从ROM中取出X86指令，翻译成ARM指令后存人RAM中，所有指令翻译完成后，翻译模块产生一个终端，使处理器执行RAM中的指令。即所有指令先翻译完成，处理器才执行，该翻译过程属于静态二进制翻译。其中Decoder是整个解码模块的核心，负责翻译指令。Decoder模块采用有限状态机控制数据通路的方式实现.根据指令的功能和寻址方式进行状态分类，然后输出ARM指令。例如，把寄存器寻址的算术指令可分为一类：
本科毕业设计(论文)外文翻译 译文： ASP ASP介绍 你是否对静态HTML网页感到厌倦呢？你是否想要创建动态网页呢？你是否想 要你的网页能够数据库存储呢？如果你回答：“是”，ASP可能会帮你解决。在2002年5月，微软预计世界上的ASP开发者将超过80万。你可能会有一个疑问什么是ASP。不用着急，等你读完这些，你讲会知道ASP是什么，ASP如何工作以及它能为我们做 什么。你准备好了吗？让我们一起去了解ASP。 什么是ASP? ASP为动态服务器网页。微软在1996年12月推出动态服务器网页,版本是3.0。微软公司的正式定义为:“动态服务器网页是一个开放的、编辑自由的应用环境,你可以将HTML、脚本、可重用的元件来创建动态的以及强大的网络基础业务方案。动态服务器网页服务器端脚本,IIS能够以支持Jscript和VBScript。”(2)。换句话说,ASP是微软技术开发的,能使您可以通过脚本如VBScript Jscript的帮助创建动态网站。微软的网站服务器都支持ASP技术并且是免费的。如果你有Window NT4.0服务器安装,你可以下载IIS（互联网信息服务器）3.0或4.0。如果你正在使用的Windows2000,IIS 5.0是它的一个免费的组件。如果你是Windows95/98,你可以下载(个人网络服务器(PWS),这是比IIS小的一个版本，可以从Windows95/98CD中安装，你也可以从微软的网站上免费下载这些产品。 好了，您已经学会了什么是ASP技术，接下来，您将学习ASP文件。它和HTML文 件相同吗？让我们开始研究它吧。 什么是ASP文件？ 一个ASP文件和一个HTML文件非常相似，它包含文本，HTML标签以及脚本，这些都在服务器中，广泛用在ASP网页上的脚本语言有2种，分别是VBScript和Jscript，VBScript与Visual Basic非常相似，而Jscript是微软JavaScript的版本。尽管如此，VBScript是ASP默认的脚本语言。另外，这两种脚本语言，只要你安装了ActiveX脚本引擎，你可以使用任意一个，例如PerlScript。 HTML文件和ASP文件的不同点是ASP文件有“.Asp”扩展名。此外，HTML标签和ASP代码的脚本分隔符也不同。一个脚本分隔符,标志着一个单位的开始和结束。HTML标签以小于号(<)开始(>)结束，而ASP以<%开始，%>结束，两者之间是服务端脚本。
Microcomputer Systems Electronic systems are used for handing information in the most general sense; this information may be telephone conversation, instrument read or a company’s accounts, but in each case the same main type of operation are involved: the processing, storage and transmission of information. in conventional electronic design these operations are combined at the function level; for example a counter, whether electronic or mechanical, stores the current and increments it by one as required. A system such as an electronic clock which employs counters has its storage and processing capabilities spread throughout the system because each counter is able to store and process numbers. Present day microprocessor based systems depart from this conventional approach by separating the three functions of processing, storage, and transmission into different section of the system. This partitioning into three main functions was devised by Von Neumann during the 1940s, and was not conceived especially for microcomputers. Almost every computer ever made has been designed with this structure, and despite the enormous range in their physical forms, they have all been of essentially the same basic design. In a microprocessor based system the processing will be performed in the microprocessor itself. The storage will be by means of memory circuits and the communication of information into and out of the system will be by means of special input/output(I/O) circuits. It would be impossible to identify a particular piece of hardware which performed the counting in a microprocessor based clock because the time would be stored in the memory and incremented at regular intervals but the microprocessor. However, the software which defined the system’s behavior would contain sections that performed as counters. The apparently rather abstract approach to the architecture of the microprocessor and its associated circuits allows it to be very flexible in use, since the system is defined almost entirely software. The design process is largely one of software engineering, and the similar problems of construction and maintenance which occur in conventional engineering are encountered when producing software. The figure1.1 illustrates how these three sections within a microcomputer are connected in terms of the communication of information within the machine. The system is controlled by the microprocessor which supervises the transfer of information between itself and the memory and input/output sections. The external connections relate to the rest (that is, the non-computer part) of
云计算——新兴的计算技术 摘要：云计算是涉及通过互联网提供托管服务的总称。这些服务大致分为三类：基础设施即服务（IaaS）、平台即服务（PaaS）和软件即服务（SaaS）。云计算这个名字的灵感来自于云符号经常用来代表在互联网上流程图和图表。这是在继主机计算、个人电脑计算、客户端服务器计算和Web计算之后的第五代计算技术。本文将围绕云计算进行讨论。 关键词：云计算，IaaS（基础设施即服务），PaaS的（平台即服务），SaaS（软件即服务） 1引言 云服务有三个鲜明的特点区别于传统的主机服务模式，它们分别是：云服务的出售通常按分钟或小时收取费用；云服务是有弹性的，一个用户可以在不同的时间拥有可多可少的服务；云服务完全由供应商托管（消费者只需要通过个人电脑和互联网就可以使用）。虚拟化的重大创新、分布式计算的发展，以及高速互联网的建设和经济的衰落，都加速了对云计算的兴趣。 云可以是私有的或公有的。公有云向互联网上的任何人销售（目前，亚马逊的网络服务是最大的公有云服务提供商）。私有云是一个专有网络或数据中心，向一部分人提供托管服务。当服务提供商使用公有云资源来创建自己的私有云，这样的结果被称为虚拟化的私有云。私有云或公共云的云计算目标是提供方便的、可扩展的计算资源和IT服务[1]。 2云计算的优势 云计算具有的优势是什么？ (a)最小化的资本开支 (b)位置和设备独立性 答案：供应商的视角：申请厂商更容易吸引新客户。 (a)提供最低成本的方法和配套应用； (b)能够使用商品服务器和存储硬件； 3云计算的障碍 从客户的视角来看，云计算的障碍有： (a)数据安全； (b)很多客户不希望他们的数据迁移到可以信任的“云”上； (c)数据必须进行本地保留； (d)延迟； (e)云可以走多少毫秒； (f)不是实时应用的理想选择； (g)应用程序可用性； (h)无法通过现有的传统应用进行切换； (i)等效的云应用不存在； 总结，并非所有的应用程序都要工作在公共云之上。
江汉大学毕业论文（设计） 外文翻译 原文来源The Hadoop Distributed File System: Architecture and Design 中文译文Hadoop分布式文件系统：架构和设计 姓名 XXXX 学号 XXXX 2013年4月8 日
英文原文 The Hadoop Distributed File System: Architecture and Design Source：https://www.doczj.com/doc/5d8285950.html,/docs/r0.18.3/hdfs_design.html Introduction The Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) is a distributed file system designed to run on commodity hardware. It has many similarities with existing distributed file systems. However, the differences from other distributed file systems are significant. HDFS is highly fault-tolerant and is designed to be deployed on low-cost hardware. HDFS provides high throughput access to application data and is suitable for applications that have large data sets. HDFS relaxes a few POSIX requirements to enable streaming access to file system data. HDFS was originally built as infrastructure for the Apache Nutch web search engine project. HDFS is part of the Apache Hadoop Core project. The project URL is https://www.doczj.com/doc/5d8285950.html,/core/. Assumptions and Goals Hardware Failure Hardware failure is the norm rather than the exception. An HDFS instance may consist of hundreds or thousands of server machines, each storing part of the file system’s data. The fact that there are a huge number of components and that each component has a non-trivial probability of failure means that some component of HDFS is always non-functional. Therefore, detection of faults and quick, automatic recovery from them is a core architectural goal of HDFS. Streaming Data Access Applications that run on HDFS need streaming access to their data sets. They are not general purpose applications that typically run on general purpose file systems. HDFS is designed more for batch processing rather than interactive use by users. The emphasis is on high throughput of data access rather than low latency of data access. POSIX imposes many hard requirements that are not
计算机辅助翻译技术概论 押题： 1、隐马尔科夫模型 2、机器翻译的方法 3、文本电子化OCR 4、双语对齐处理 5、汉语切分的方法和关键问题 5-20考试——计算机辅助翻译技术 考试题型：填空、判断、问答7-8个 考查内容：基本概念梳理，理解分析能力，考题思路，课件！ 1、概论 1.1概况 为什么要研究翻译技术？ 何谓翻译技术(translation technology)？能够用来进行语言翻译或辅助进行语言 翻译的信息技术。 解决或缓解语言障碍(language barrier)问题，提高翻译从业人员的生产率。 翻译技术的研究始于机器翻译 关于机器翻译 机器翻译(Machine Translation)定义：利用计算机及其软件把一种语言(自动)翻译成为另外一种语言的技术。 机器翻译研究的目标是研制具有翻译能力的计算机软件系统。 机器翻译的研究始于20世纪40年代末期。 机器翻译结论很困难。 翻译技术的分流 机器翻译(MT)：机器翻译的主体是机器。目前比较困难。（目标是寻找彻底的解决方案） 计算机辅助翻译(CAT)：计算机辅助翻译的主体是人。相对比较容易，但却很实用。 计算机辅助翻译立足为翻译人员提供(软件)工具。协助翻译人员提高效率（生产率）。 名词辨析 CAT - Computer-aided Translation MAT - Machine-aided(-assisted) Translation MAHT - Machine-assisted Human Translation HAMT - Human-assisted Machine Translation MT - Machine Translation FAHQMT - Fully Automatic High Quality MT
第一章（计算机系统概论） digital computer 数字计算机 decimal digits 十进制数字 binary 二进制 bit 位 ASCII 美国国家信息交换标准代码 computer system 计算机系统 hardware system 硬件系统 software system 软件系统 I/O devices 输入输出设备 central processing unit(CPU) 中央处理器memory 存储器 application software 应用软件 video game 计算机游戏 system software 系统软件 register 寄存器 floating point data浮点数据 Boolean布尔值 character data字符数据 EBCDIC扩充的二十一进制交换代码 punched cards穿孔卡片 magnetic tape磁带 main memory主存 vacuum tubes电子管 magnetic drum磁鼓 transistors晶体管 solid-state devices固体器件 magnetic cores磁芯 integrated circuit（IC）集成电路 silicon chip硅芯片 multiprogramming多道程序设计 timessharing分时分时技术 minicomputers小型计算机 mainframe大型计算机 large-scaleintegrated(LSI)大规模集成 very-large-scale integrated(VLSI)超大规模集成word processing文字处理 eletronic spreedsheets电子表格 database management programs数据库管理程序desktop publishing桌面印刷personalcomputer(PC)个人计算机microcomputer微型计算机 storage capacities存储容量 stand-alone computer独立计算机 local area network(LAN)局域网 peripheral devices外部设备 assembly line流水线 supercomputer巨型计算机 第二章（计算机系统结构） memmory subsystem存储子系统 I/O subsystem输入输出子系统 bus总线 system bus系统总线 chip 芯片 address bus地址总线 instructions指令 memory location存储单元 data bus数据总线 control bus控制总线 local bus 局部总线 microprocessor微处理器 register set寄存器组 arithmetic logic unit(ALU)运算器 clock cycle时钟周期 control unit控制器 computer architecture计算机体系结构introduction format指令格式 addressing modes寻址方式 introduction set指令集 internal memory内存 main memory主存 Random Access Memory(RAM)随机存取存储器Read Only Memory (ROM)只读存储器secondary storage副主存储器 vitual memory虚拟存储器 Dynamic RAM(DRAM)动态存储器 refresh circuitry刷新电路 Static RAM(SRAM)静态RAM cache memory高速缓冲存储器 masked ROM掩膜ROM PROM可编程RAM EPROM可擦写PROM ultraviolet light紫外线 EEPROM or EEPROM电擦写PROM basic input/output system(BIOS)基本输入输出系统flash EEPROM 快闪存储器
外文文献资料 Distributed Temperature Sensor 1.Sensor introduction 1.1 Temperature sensor background In the human living environment, temperature playing an extremely important role。No matter where you live, engaged in any work, ever-present dealt with temperature under. Since the 18th century, industry since the industrial revolution to whether can master send exhibition has the absolute temperature touch. In metallurgy, steel, petrochemical, cement, glass, medicine industry and so on, can say almost eighty percent of industrial departments have to consider the factors with temperature. Temperature for industrial so important, thus promoting the development of the temperature sensor. 1.2 Temperature sensor development Major general through three sensor development phase: analog integrated temperature sensor. The sensor is taken with silicon semiconductor integrated workmanship, therefore also called silicon sensor or monolithic integrated temperature sensor. Such sensing instruments have single function (only measuring temperature), temperature measurement error is smaller, price low, fast response, the transmission distance, small volume, micro-consumption electronic etc, suitable for long distance measurement temperature, temperature control, do not need to undertake nonlinear calibration, peripheral circuit is simple. It is currently the most common application at home and abroad, an integrated sensor。Typical products have AD590 AD592, TMP17, LM135, etc.jAnalog integrated temperature controller. Analog integrated temperature controller mainly include temperature control switch, programmable temperature controller, a typical product have LM56, AD22105 and MAX6509. Some increase strength type integrated temperature controller (for example TC652/653) also contains the A/D converter and cure good sequence, this process with the intelligent temperature sensor some similarities. But it is not its system, work by micro processing device control, this is the main difference between. Intelligent temperature sensor. intelligent temperature sensor (also called digital temperature degrees sensor) is in the mid 1990s launch. It is microelectronics technology, computer technology and the dynamic testing technology (ATE) crystallization. Intelligent temperature sensor internal contain temperature sensor, A/D converter, signal processor,
附录一英文文献 Security against Side Channel Attack in Cloud Computing Bhrugu Sevak Abstract--Cloud computing is a word that delivering hosted service over the internet. Cloud computing has been ideate as the next generation architecture of IT enterprise ecause of it’s provides ubiquitous network, cost reducing, flexibility and scalability to users. Now days with the fast growing of cloud computing technology introduces new more vulnerabilities so security is considered to be one of the most critical aspect in clod computing environment due to the confidential and important information stored in the cloud. As per AMAZONE EC2 service case study it is possible to identify the particular target VM(virtual machine) in internal cloud infrastructure and then placed new VM with targeted VM and extract confidential information from targeted VM on same physical machine called as simple side channel attack. This paper introduces how to avert the side channel attack in cloud computing. This is accomplished by using combination of Virtual firewall appliance and randomly encryption decryption (using concept of confusion diffusion) and provide RAS (Reliability, Availability, and Security) of client’s data or information. Keywords--Cloud computing, side channel attack, Amazon EC2 service case study, virtual firewall appliance, randomly encryption decryption. I. INTRODUCTION Cloud computing is a word that delivering hosted service over the internet.
附件1：外文资料翻译译文 基于FPGA的停车场管理系统的设计与实现 摘要 由于汽车数量在快速的增加。它造成污染（噪声和空气）交通挤塞的问题。为了克服这个问题。提出了基于FPGA 的停车系统。在本文，停车场系统实现了利用有限状态机模型。该系统具有两个主要模块即识别模块和检查模块的插槽，识别模块标识位访客，插槽检查模块检查有关插槽的状态，这些模块是在高密度脂蛋白中建模,在FPＧＡ上实现。结合传感器接口、步进电机、液晶屏的各种接口设计了一个原型的停车系统。 关键词︰有限状态机；停车场系统；容量-5 １．介绍 车辆交通拥堵是一个世界性的问题。近年来,已经全力在实现一种方法来减少拥堵、事故和灾害等停车问题。 图1:城市交通拥堵趋势 如中所示图 1 拥塞显然逐年增加,它显示了一些问题。图中表明拥塞需要花更长的时间才能到从工作中＂尖峰时刻"。停车场系统还可以利用创新技术提高
付费停车方便和快捷。现今，刷一下智能卡就可以实现付费功能,减少交易时间。移动设备也可以用于支付交易。公共地区需要停车系统,能够有效的运作，与其他城市公用地区相结合。因为没有适当方式,所以分配车位的停车场管理系统在协调和集中管理中呈现了失败的效果。为了避免这些问题,提出智能停车系统的设计，用基于FPGA 来检查某些功能块。 近年来，FPGA 的可重构是有效的方法来实现的设计，因为ＦＰＧA 提供通用处理器和ASIC 之间的协调。基于FPGA 的设计也更灵活,可编程，可重新加载。基于FＰGA 的设计可以方便地修改软件部分。 2.相关工作 宫俊燕等相关人士,提出一种新颖，安全,智能的停车系统(智能停车)主要是基于保护无线网络与传感器通信。停车空间利用率高和免费、快速的现时间是提出研究的目的。苏春、安康山等,提出了用停车系统中的驱动程序来了解在停车场的帮助下SＭS 服务空间的可用性。驱动程序可以发送短信实现请求新的空间,如果前一个被填满,驱动程序可以找到最近的空间停车使用基于无线移动的汽车停车系统。结果，表明该系统有效地分配的插槽和充分利用停车空间。安古普塔等，描述了阿克曼转向配置高效汽车停车算法。该算法利用几何计算路径规划。结果显示了一个快速、高效、安全的停车系统。花春潭等,提出了用于大型停车场的高效停车搜索技术。在这篇文章中，提出在道路附近的停车场安装摄像机和捕获关于汽车颜色和车牌识别的信息，并保存到数据库中。谢刚等，提出了一个停车系统,消除了关于空档停车的问题。作者使用无线技术来提高停车效率。宫俊燕等，提出通知基于停车系统。在这停车系统中,驱动程序可以查询及预订停车位，以及为安全目的加密／解密技术使用，仿真结果都是高效的。InsｏｐSo ｎg等提出基于FPGA 停车系统，采用模糊逻辑控制器（FLC),主要优点是计算时间大量减少了。在这项研究工作中，模拟真实环境中使用VHDL代码测试机器人小车，并在基于FＰGA 的基础上进行测试。 3．停车场管理系统
具有X86到ARM二进制翻译和执行功能 的SoC系统设计 二进制翻译是一种直接翻译可执行二进制程序的技术，能够把一种处理器上的二进制程序翻译到另外一种处理器上执行。它使得不同处理器之间的二进制程序可以很容易的相互移植，扩大了硬件/软件的适用范围，有助于打破处理器和支持软件之间的相互扼制的局面。二进制翻译技术的优点为：不需要重编译源码就可以实现软件从旧平台到新平台的移植;快速为新机器提供软件，包括移植操作系统和编译器;充分利用新机器的特性优化代码;减少培训费用 二进制翻译是一种直接翻译可执行二进制程序的技术，能够把一种处理器上的二进制程序翻译到另外一种处理器上执行。它使得不同处理器之间的二进制程序可以很容易的相互移植，扩大了硬件/软件的适用范围，有助于打破处理器和支持软件之间的相互扼制的局面。二进制翻译技术的优点为：不需要重编译源码就可以实现软件从旧平台到新平台的移植;快速为新机器提供软件，包括移植操作系统和编译器;充分利用新机器的特性优化代码;减少培训费用，因为使用的是相同的软件，所以不必在新平台上重新培训员工;降低了多平台软件的费用。 1SOC架构设计 1.1 处理器的确定 通用处理器与硬件逻辑是SoC设计的主流架构。在一些需要大量数据处理的应用中，这样的架构并不能满足要求。实际上，由于不同的任务在很大程度上互相独立运行，可以将具有内在执行并行性的任务分解为紧密联系的子任务，不同的内核可以执行不同的子任务，多核架构在1个周期内可以执行多个指令。这种并行处理使得整个系统的性能与使用单核处理器串行处理相同任务相比，有了很大改进。另外，多核架构设计可以复用现有的单核处理器作为处理器核心，从而可以缩短设计和验证周期，节省开发成本，符合SoC设计的基本思路。多核架构是未来SoC发展的一个趋势。 该设计采用双核架构，采用当代流行的处理能力较好的ARM处理器ARM7TDMI-S 和ARM926EJ-S，ARM内核最大的优势在于高速度、低功耗。 ARM7TDMl-s具有3级流水线结构，支持Win-dows CE，Linux等操作系统。ARM926EJ-S是ARM公司在2000年推出的功能最强大的ARM9处理器，实现5级流水，它与外部通信接口为双AHB总线结构，即指令AHB总线和数据AHB总线。该设计中ARMTDMI-S主要负责控制、操作系统平台和任务的调度。 ARM926EJ-S则主要负责各种任务的执行。
外文原文： Design of the Temperature Control System Based on AT89C51 ABSTRACT The principle and functions of the temperature control system based on micro contro ller AT89C51 are studied, and the temperature measurement unit consists of the 1-Wir e bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20. The system can be expected to detect the p reset temperature, display time and save monitoring data. An alarm will be given by s ystem if the temperature exceeds the upper and lower limit value of the temperature w hich can be set discretionarily and then automatic control is achieved, thus the temper ature is achieved monitoring intelligently within a certain range. Basing on principle o f the system, it is easy to make a variety of other non-linear control systems so long as the software design is reasonably changed. The system has been proved to be accurat e, reliable and satisfied through field practice. KEYWORDS: AT89C51; micro controller; DS18B20; temperature 1 IN TRODUCTION Temperature is a very important parameter in human life. In the modern society, tem perature control (TC) is not only used in industrial production, but also widely used in other fields. With the improvement of the life quality, we can find the TC appliance i n hotels, factories and home as well. And the trend that TC will better serve the whole society, so it is of great significance to measure and control the temperature. Based o n the AT89C51 and temperature sensor DS18B20, this system controls the condition t emperature intelligently. The temperature can be set discretionarily within a certain ra nge. The system can show the time on LCD, and save monitoring data; and automatic ally control the temperature when the condition temperature exceeds the upper and lo wer limit value. By doing so it is to keep the temperature unchanged. The system is of high anti-jamming, high control precision and flexible design; it also fits the rugged e nvironment. It is mainly used in people's life to improve the quality of the work and li fe. It is also versatile, so that it can be convenient to extend the use of the system. So t he design is of profound importance. The general design, hardware design and softwar e design o f the system are covered. 1.1 Introduction The 8-bit AT89C51 CHMOS microcontrollers are designed to handle high-speed calc ulations and fast input/output operations. MCS 51 microcontrollers are typically used for high-speed event control systems. Commercial applications include modems, mot or-control systems, printers, photocopiers, air conditioner control systems, disk drives, and medical instruments. The automotive industry use MCS 51 microcontrollers in e ngine-control systems, airbags, suspension systems, and antilock braking systems (AB S). The AT89C51 is especially well suited to applications that benefit from its processi
Hadoop云计算外文翻译文献 (文档含中英文对照即英文原文和中文翻译) 原文: Meet Hadoop In pioneer days they used oxen for heavy pulling, and when one ox couldn’t budge a log, they didn’t try to grow a larger ox. We shouldn’t be trying for bigger computers, but for more systems of computers. —Grace Hopper Data! We live in the data age. It’s not easy to measure the total volume of data stored electronically, but an IDC estimate put the size of the “digital universe” at 0.18 zettabytes in
2006, and is forecasting a tenfold growth by 2011 to 1.8 zettabytes. A zettabyte is 1021 bytes, or equivalently one thousand exabytes, one million petabytes, or one billion terabytes. That’s roughly the same order of magnitude as one disk drive for every person in the world. This flood of data is coming from many sources. Consider the following: ? The New York Stock Exchange generates about one terabyte of new trade data per day. ? Facebook hosts approximately 10 billion photos, taking up one petabyte of storage. ? https://www.doczj.com/doc/5d8285950.html,, the genealogy site, stores around 2.5 petabytes of data. ? The Internet Archive stores around 2 petabytes of data, and is growing at a rate of 20 terabytes per month. ? The Large Hadron Collider near Geneva, Switzerland, will produce about 15 petabytes of data per year. So there’s a lot of data out there. But you are probably wondering how it affects you. Most of the data is locked up in the largest web properties (like search engines), or scientific or financial institutions, isn’t it? Does the advent of “Big Data,” as it is being called, affect smaller organizations or individuals? I argue that it does. Take photos, for example. My wife’s grandfather was an avid photographer, and took photographs throughout his adult life. His entire corpus of medium format, slide, and 35mm film, when scanned in at high-resolution, occupies around 10 gigabytes. Compare this to the digital photos that my family took last year,which take up about 5 gigabytes of space. My family is producing photographic data at 35 times the rate my wife’s grandfather’s did, and the rate is increasing every year as it becomes easier to take more and more photos. More generally, the digital streams that individuals are producing are growing apace. Microsoft Research’s MyLifeBits project gives a glimpse of archiving of pe rsonal information that may become commonplace in the near future. MyLifeBits was an experiment where an individual’s interactions—phone calls, emails, documents were captured electronically and stored for later access. The data gathered included a photo taken every minute, which resulted in an overall data volume of one gigabyte a month. When storage costs come down enough to make it feasible to store continuous audio and video, the data volume for a future MyLifeBits service will be many times that.