主谓一致
一、概述：主谓一致的三个基本原则是：语法一致、意义一致和就近原则。“语法一致”是指形式上的一致。即：主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。“意义一致”是指有些主语形式上虽为单数，而意义上是复数，谓语动词用复数；同样有些主语形式上虽为复数，而意义上是单数，谓语动词用单数。“就近原则”是指谓语动词的单复数与最靠近它的名词或代词保持一致。
二、主谓一致的几种情况：
（一）并列结构作主语的情况：
1、and连接并列成分作主语的情况：
⑴由and或both…and…连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词常用复数。如：
He and I are teachers. Both he and I are teachers.
⑵and连接的两部分表示同一个人、事物或概念时，谓语动词用单数。常见结构有：a cart and house（一驾马车），a cup and saucer（一套杯碟），a needle and thread（针线），a watch and chain, a coat and tie, truth and honesty, medical help and cure, my house and home（我的家），cause and effect（因果），supply and demand（供求关系），pen and ink（笔墨），whisky and soda（威士忌和苏打，指一种酒），war and peace （战争与和平），a knife and fork（刀叉），fish and potato chips（鱼和炸土豆条），the bread and butter（面包与黄油），early to bed and early to rise（早睡早起）。如：A knife and fork is on the table.
⑶由and连接两个带the（a或物主代词）的单数可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数；如果只有前一个名词带the（a或物主代词）时，谓语动词用单数。如：The teacher and the doctor are Chinese. The teacher and doctor is a Chinese.这位教师兼医生是中国人。
⑷and前后均有each，every，no，many a…等修饰可数名词单数，构成并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用单数。其中后一个限定词可以省略。如：
No sound and (no) voice is heard. Each man and (each) woman is here.
Many a teacher and (many a) student has seen the film.
⑸由“and连接的前置并列修饰语+不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：
Good and bad meat in the market are sold out.
⑹“不可数名词+and连接的后置并列修饰语”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
Beer from the USA and Germany is much better than that from Britain.
⑺由and连接的第二个名词（短语）表示否定或带有状语时，谓语动词与第一个名词
保持一致。如：
The parents and not the son were missing. The teacher，and perhaps his students too，is likely to be present.
⑻what从句的并列式作主语时，并列完整式用复数；并列缩略式用单数。如：
What he says and what he thinks have nothing to do with me. What I say and
do is my own affair.
注意这两句根据的是意义一致的原则：
What he says and does do not agree. 他言行不一致。
What he says and does does not concern me. 他的言行与我无关。
⑼由and连接的两个疑问代词、不定式或动名词作主语时，根据主语表达的意义，确
定谓语动词单复数形式（即意义一致原则）。如：
Where and when to build the house is not decided. When to have the meeting
and who to hold the meeting are not decided yet. What caused the fire and how much the loss was are still unknown.
2、“就近原则”：
由并列连词or，nor, not only…but also…，not…but…，either…or…，neither…nor…，whether…or…等连接并列成分作主语，以及在there/here be句型中有
并列成分作主语时，谓语动词应根据“就近原则”（在疑问句或倒装句中也应该根据“就近
原则”确定谓语动词的单复数）。如：
Not only he but also I am a teacher. Not only I but also he is a teacher. Is not only he but also I a teacher？ One or two friends are coming this evening.
3、“就前原则”：
当主语后面接with，together/along with（跟……一起），as well as（以及），as much
as（与……一样多），such…as…, such as, besides/except/but（除外），in addition to
（除外），including（包括），like（如），rather than（而不是），without（没有），no less than（不少于），more than（多于），combined with（加上……），accompanied by（由……
陪同），no less than等构成的短语修饰时，谓语动词仍与前面的主语保持一致（即“就
前原则”）。如：
I as well as they am ready to help you. Tom as well as two of his friends was invited to the party. They except Jim are Chinese.
（二）单一成分作主语的情况（一般情况下主语的人称和数决定谓语动词的单复数形式）。
1、名词作主语的情况：
⑴形复义单的名词。这类名词有news，means（方法），works（工厂），plastics（塑料），politics（政治），mathematics（数学），economics（经济学），mechanics（力学），athletics（运动），electronics（电学），classics（古典文学），linguistics（语言学），statistics（统计学）等作主语时，谓语动词用单数；但当这类学科名词表示“具体的活动，学业，见解，原理，情况”等时，谓语动词用复数。如：
Politics is my weak subject. What are his politics？他的政见如何？
⑵形复义复的名词。这类名词有glasses，trousers/plants（裤子），shoes，socks，gloves，scissors，clothes，savings（储蓄金），belongings（财产），goods（货物），chopsticks，compasses（圆规）等作主语时，谓语动词用复数；但当这些名词前带上了单位词pair，kind，type，sort，suit，series等时，谓语动词的数应与单位词保持一致。如：
His trousers are new. This pair of trousers is new.
⑶集合名词作主语。
①有些集合名词作主语，谓语动词常常用复数。这类名词有people（人们），police （警察），cattle（牲口），oxen（牛）, folk（人们），youth（青年人），militia（民兵），poultry（家禽），the Greens（格林一家）等。但注意如果以上一些名词的意义发生变化时，其谓语动词不一定用复数形式。如：
Poultry are used as food.（家禽常常用来当作食品） Poultry is a kind of meat.（禽肉是一种肉）
②某些集合名词作主语，如果当作整体看待，谓语动词用单数；如果强调其中的各个个体或成员，谓语动词用复数。这类名词有family，class，group（小组），grade，team，army（军队），club（俱乐部），audience（听众），crew（全体人员），committee（委员会），company（公司），government（政府），union（联合会），enemy（敌人），majority（多数），population，staff（员工），public（公众），crowd（人群），party（政党），couple（夫妇），band（伙、团、队），cabinet（内阁），nation（国民）等。如：
His family is poor. His family are all watching TV.
⑷单复数同形的名词作主语。根据上下文及具体意思决定谓语动词的单复数形式（如果这些名词前有a，such a，this，that修饰时，谓语动词用单数；如有all，such，these，those修饰时，谓语动词用复数。）如sheep，deer，fish（鱼），means（方法），works（工厂），species（种类），series（系列），swine（猪），aircraft（飞机、飞艇），bellows （风箱），crossroads（十字路口），headquarters（司令部、总部），Swiss（瑞士人），Chinese，Japanese等。如：
A sheep is（Several sheep are）over there.
⑸专有名词（如书刊名、报纸、国名、山脉、海峡等）作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
The United Nations was founded in 1945.
⑹名词所有格表示“商店、工厂或住宅”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。但指“店铺”时，一般当集合名词看待，谓语动词用复数。这类名词有the baker's（烤房，面包房），the barber's（理发店），the carpenter's（木工房），the Green's（格林先生的家）等。如：
The doctor's is on the other side of the street. Smith's have a lot of things to sell.（史密斯的店铺里有许多东西卖。）
⑺名词化结构“the+形容词/过去分词/动词-ing”作主语时，谓语动词常用复数；但如果指“一个人”或“抽象的一类事物概念或品质”时，谓语动词用单数。这类词有the old，the young，the wounded，the dying等。如：
The blind study in special schools. The beautiful gives pleasure to all of us.（美给我们大家以快乐。）
⑻某些以-ch，-ese，-sh结尾的表示国家、民族的形容词与the连用表示“整个民族”，作主语时谓语动词用复数；但当它们表示“某种语言”时，谓语动词用单数。如：The Chinese are great. Chinese is very difficult for foreigners to learn.
⑼表示量的名词作主语，要根据其具体含义确定谓语动词的单复数形式。这类词有half （一半），（a）part（一部分），plenty（大量），the rest（其余的人或物），the following （下面的人或物）等。如：
I have drunk some of the water and the rest is for you. The first two of the four books are very easy，but the rest are very difficult.
2、代词作主语的情况：
⑴不定代词each，one，much，either，neither，another，the other（+单数名词），（a）little等作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
Each of the students/Each student has a new book.
注意当each位于复数主语后面作同位语时，谓语动词用复数。如：
The students each have a new book.
⑵复合不定代词someone，somebody，something，anyone，anybody，anything，everyone，everybody，everything，no one，nobody，nothing作主语时，谓语动词用单数。注意：表示人的复合不定代词作主语，变反意疑问句时常常用复数代词；表示物的复合不定代词作主语，变反意疑问句时常常用单数代词。如：
Someone wants to see you，don't they？ Everything is ready，isn't it？
⑶不定代词many，（a）few，several，both等作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：
Both（of the books）are interesting.
⑷不定代词all，none，any，some，more，most，a lot（of），lots of等作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词应根据其指代或修饰的名词的数确定单复数形式。如：None of us has seen the film.（我们中没有一个人看过这部电影。） None of us have seen the film.（我们所有的人都没有看过这部电影。）
⑸疑问代词who，whose，which，what等作主语时，谓语动词应根据说话人的意图确定单复数。如：
Who are today's topics？ Who lives next door？It's Jim.
⑹指示代词such，the same，bellow，the following等作主语时，谓语动词应根据其内容（表语）确定单复数。如：
Such is life. Such are his words.
⑺关系代词that，which，who等在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。注意：“one of+复数名词+who/that/which”型定语从句，复数名词是先行词，故定语从句的谓语动词用复数；但是，如果one前有this，that，the，the very，the only 等修饰时，one是先行词，故定语从句的谓语动词用单数。如：
Those who want to go please sign your name here. He was one of the boys who were praised. He was the only one of the boys who was praised.
⑻名词性物主代词作主语时，谓语动词应根据其指代的内容确定单复数。如：
Your Party is a great party，ours（Our Party）is also a great party. Your shoes are black，mine（my shoes）are white.
3、数词作主语：
⑴“四则运算”的数词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数（若是“加法”或“乘法”，谓
语动词也可以用复数）。如：
Two and three is/are five. Twelve divided by three is four.
注意：当提问加、减、乘、除时，如用how much，谓语动词多用单数；如用how many，
谓语动词多用复数。如：How much is four times two？ How many are two times five？
⑵“分数和百分数”构成的短语作主语时，谓语动词应根据of后的名词确定单复数。如：
Only 20 percent/Two fifths of the books are worth reading.
⑶表示“时间、距离、价格、金额、、长度、重量、量度、温度”等的数词作主语，谓
语动词通常用单数形式；但侧重于“若干单位”时，谓语动词用复数。如：
Twenty years isn’t a long time. Two thousand pounds is a large sum. Twenty years have passed since he left.（他离开已经二十个年头了）
⑷当主语被表示“单位、度量”的短语修饰时，谓语动词由表示“度量”的名词的单
复数确定。这类短语有a kind of，a sort of，a type of，a pair of，a ton of，a cup of，a meter of，a bottle of，a handful of（一把……），a glass of，a piece of，a box of，a form of，a quantity of等。如：
Here is a pair of shoes. Three million tons of coal exported every year.
⑸当主语被以下短语修饰时，谓语动词的单复数由of后面的名词的单复数决定。这类
短语有plenty of，a lot of/lots of，half of，most of，the rest of，the remainder （剩余的，剩下的），some of，a heap of/heaps of（许多的、大量的）。如：Lots of money is needed. Lots of people are waiting outside.
⑹几种特殊结构：
The number of +复数名词+单数谓语 The number of the students in our class is
65.
① A number of +复数名词+复数谓语 A number of the students are League members.
Numbers of +复数名词+复数谓语 Numbers of the students are League members.
Many a +单数名词+单数谓语 Many a good friend of mine has been to Beijing. ②
A good（great）many +复数名词+复数谓语 A good many students are present at the meeting.
A/An +单数名词+or two +单数谓语 A day or two is enough.
③
One or two +复数名词+复数谓语 One or two persons aren’t enough.
A/An +单数名词+and a half +单数谓语 A year and a half has passed.
④
One and a half +复数名词+复数/单数谓语 One and a half years have/has passed.
More than one +复数谓语 There are some boys there，more than one are Chinese.
More than one +单数名词+单数谓语 More than one person was absent.
⑤ More +复数名词+than one +复数谓语 More students than one have been there.
More than two（three…）+复数名词+复数谓语 More than ten students have
attended the concert.
The amount of +不可数名词+单数谓语 The amount of money is wasted.
（Large）amounts of +不可数名词+复数谓语 Large amounts of money were spent on
the
⑥ bridge.
The quantity of +不可数名词/复数名词+单数谓语 The quantity of paper/books is
needed.
（Large quantities of +不可数名词/复数名词+复数谓语 Large quantities of
paper/books are needed.
A variety of + 复数名词 + 复数谓语 There was a variety of opinion.
A variety of +单数名词 + 单数谓语 A great variety of flowers were shown in
the
⑦ exhibition.
The variety of + 复数名词 + 单数谓 The variety of goods suggests that they are wealthy.
Varieties of + 单数名词/复数名词+ 复数谓语There are varieties of flowers/water.
This kind of book is worth reading.
⑧
This kind of men is dangerous.
An average of + 复数名词 + 复数谓语 An average of 3 students are absent each day.
⑨
The average of + 复数名词 + 单数谓语 The average of the students’ age is 18.9.
注意：由kind, form, type, sort, species, portion, series of等修饰主语时，谓语动词常取决于这些词的单复数。如：
This new type of buses is now on show. Some new forms of art were discussed at the meeting. All kinds of difficulties have to be overcome.
注意: men of this kind和these kind of men作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：Men of this kind/These kind of men are dangerous.
4、其他情况：
⑴两个主语，一个表肯定，一个表否定，谓语动词与肯定主语一致。如：The parents，not his son，were missing.
⑵表示前后照应的词组，如the above，the below，the former，the latter，the following，such等，应根据其所指对象（即表语）决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如无上下
文且无法根据表语判断时，则可以当作集合名词看待。如：The above is（are）the most important fact（facts）.
⑶what引导的主语从句，谓语动词多用单数。但从句中有含复数意义的并列结构时，或“表语是复数名词时，谓语动词用单复数皆可。如：What we need is time. What we need are/is books. What you say and think is/are no business of mine.
⑷单个的动名词（短语）或不定式（短语）作主语时，谓语动词用单数。两个以上的动名词（短语）或不定式（短语）作并列主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：To say something is one thing，to do it is another.
Going fishing and going skating are her favorite sports.
(5) 当先行词在定语从句中作主语时，应注意定语从句的谓语动词应与前面的先行词保持数的一致。尤其注意如下结构：one of/not the only one of + 复数名词 + 关系代词 + 复数谓语动词；the only one of + 复数名词 + 关系代词 + 单数谓语动词。如：He gave me five yuan that/which isn’t enough for me.
He gave me two apples that/which are enough for me.
He is one of the students who/that have passed the examination.
He is the only one of the students who/that has passed the examination.
附：特殊名词作主语时，谓语动词的判定
1、常常当复数名词处理的有：vegetables，works（工厂），games，cards，people（人），scissors，pincers（钳子），glasses，shorts（短裤），trousers，clothes，compasses （圆规），thanks（感谢），remains（残余、遗迹），ashes（尸体、文化遗迹），contents （内容、容量、目录），goods（货物），police，cattle（牛群），poultry（家禽），archives （档案、公文），arms（武器），fireworks（烟火），morals（道德），stairs，suburbs（市郊、郊区）以及以ing结尾的名词。
2、作主语当单数处理的有：
⑴以s结尾的疾病名词。如arthritis（关节炎），bronchitis（支气管炎）等。
⑵以s结尾的游戏名词。如marbles（弹球），draughts（跳棋）等。
⑶以ics结尾的学科名词。如physics，mathematics，mechanics（力学，机械学），optics（光学），politics（政治），economics，linguistics（语言学），athletics（运动）
等。
⑷以s结尾的国名。如United States
⑸man（人类），tofu，money，bread，coke，ice-cream，fun，information，progress，luck，furniture（家具），machinery（机器、机械，注意machine为可数名词），clothing，traffic，jewellery（珠宝，注意jewel为可数名词），equipment（设备、装备）等。
3、随意义不同应分别对待的有：
⑴单复数同形的名词作主语时，应以其前的修饰语确定谓语动词的单复数形式。如sheep，deer，fish（鱼），means（方法），works（工厂），species（种类），series（系列），swine（猪），aircraft（飞机、飞艇），bellows（风箱），crossroads（十字路口），headquarters （司令部、总部），Swiss（瑞士人），Chinese，Japanese等。
⑵随着意义的不同，谓语动词应区别对待的有fish（鱼的条数或种类、鱼肉），chicken （小鸡、鸡肉），paper（纸；报纸、论文、试卷），people（人、人民、民族），orange（桔子、桔汁、橙色），room（房间、空间），man（男人、人类），difficulty/trouble，all及food（s），fruit（s），drink（s），tea（s），water（s），sand（s），paper（s），green （s），force（s），manner（s），look（s），hair（s），iron（s），spirit（s），good（s），time（s）等。
英语主谓一致专项复习优秀教案 各位读友大家好，此文档由网络收集而来，欢迎您下载，谢谢 【复习目标】 ·掌握主谓一致的原则。 ·掌握主谓一致应注意的几个问题。 【课前准备】 ·要求学生回忆有关主谓一致的具体应用。 【知识要点】 1/语法形式上的一致。 主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式：主语为复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。 2.意义上一致。 主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。 单数形式表示复数意义的词有people,police,audience等。 主语形式为复数而意义上却是单数
或不可数，谓语动词用单数。 形复意单的词有：news,maths,physics等。 3.就近原则 谓语动词的单、复数取决于最靠近它的主语，如therebe句型或用连词either...or...，neither...nor...,notonly...butalso等。 4.要注意的几个问题。 class,family,team,country,school等集合名词作主语时，如果指整体，用单数；如果指每个成员，用复数。 如:HisfamilyarewatchingTVinthesittingroo m. Hisfamilyisverybig. trousers,shoes,glasses,socks,stockings,scis sors单独作主语时，谓语动词用复数，但当它们与apairof或pairsof连用时，谓语动词与pair的数保持一致。 如：Thepairofglassesfitsyouwell.
Severalpairsofnewshoeshavebeensenttothe oldmen. 名词性物主代词后的动词单复数，取决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。 如：oursisagreatparty. yourshoesareblack,minearebrown. 5.当主语后面跟有with,togetherwith,like,but,except,besides,a swellas等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数按主语单、复数而定。 如：mrGreentogetherwithhischildrengoestothe parkeverySunday. +adj表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 如：Theoldaregoingtobelookedafterwell. 连接并列主语、谓语动词通常用复数，但如果指同个人，同一事物或同一概 念，谓语动词用单数，这时and后
英语主谓一致练习全集 一、主谓一致 1．On no-car day, ____________ students ____________ teachers are allowed to drive to school. A．either; or B．not only; but also C．neither; nor D．both; and 【答案】C 【解析】 句意：在无车日，学生和老师都不被允许开车去学校。either; or 或者，或者； not only; but also不仅，而且； neither; nor 既不，也不；both; and……和……都；根据On no-car day可知此处表示无车日，因此都不开车，故选C。 2．Smog and haze is a kind of air pollution. It _______ people _____ about their health. A．make, worry B．make, be worried C．makes, worried D．makes, worry 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：雾霾是一种空气污染。它使人们担心他们的健康。考查主谓一致和动词短语辨析。it是单数第三人称，动词需用三单形式，可排除AB两项。make让，使役动词，make sb. do sth.让某人做某事，是固定结构，可排除C项。根据句意结构，可知选D。 3．The boys ____________ from America like China A．who is B．are C．which is D．who are 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：这些来自美国的男孩喜欢中国。考查定语从句。本句是主谓宾结构，可排除B项。空白处做主语the boys的后置定语，先行词the boys是人，不可用which（用于先行词是 物时），需用who引导；the boys是复数人称，系词需用are；根据句意结构，可知选D。 4．Either Eve or Herb ___________ been invited by Lucy’s parents already. A．have B．has C．was D．Were 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：伊芙或赫伯已经被路西的父母邀请了。 Either ... or...或者……或者，连接两个主语时，用就近原则，already是现在完成时的标志词，结合句意，故选B
高考英语-主谓一致-知识点考点全梳理 主谓一致的讲解 语法意义的一致 1，金额，距离，体积，重量，面积，数量，国家，人名，机构，事件，作品时，单数 Two dollars is enough 两美元是足够的 Two meters is long 两米很长 Two kilos is heavy 两公斤很重 Twenty-one is a big number 21是一个很大的数字 The United States is a big country 美国是一个大的国家 2,非谓语动词： Reading books is good for you 阅读书对你来说很好 To study English well is necessary去学习好英语是很有必要的。 2，不定代词： No one is here 没有一个人在这里
3，人类，世界上的人类 Only man thinks how to be better 只有人类才思考如何变得更好。 4，其他用法 1，Many a singer has been here 许多歌手都到过这里。 2，More than one boy has the book 不止一个男孩有这本书 3，More boys than one does housework at home不止一个男孩在家都是做家务的。 4，One and a half apples is here 还有一个半的苹果在这里。 5，a boy or two has been here 一两个学生到过这里。 5，one or two boys have been here 一两个学生到过这里 谓语复数： 1，集体名词： The police are chasing the thief 警察正在追捕这个小偷 2，专有名词： The Himalayas is a big mountain喜马拉雅是一个很大的山。 3，the 加形容词（国家的，民族的）
英语主谓一致经典教 案
主谓一致 教学目的：让学生掌握主谓一致概念以及主谓一致的三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则，通过判断主谓一致该遵循哪 个原则，培养学生的分析判断能力。 教学重点：主谓一致的几个考点。 教学难点：1、遵循就近原则的几个固定句型结构 2、关于many a 与more than one的主谓一致问题 3、关于one of 的主谓一致问题 教学过程： 一、考情分析 主谓一致基本每年都会考，主要靠点集中在语法一致，意义一致和就近一致上面。还要注意（the）one of + 复数名词+ who/that/which 引导的定语从句的谓语的单复数。很多学因缺乏相应的语句结构基础知识，故在讲课前须让学生明白句间结构的组成和主谓一致的概念含义。 句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语，状语，表语、同位语等。英语句子有长在短，有简有繁，从现象看，似乎千变万化，难以捉摸，但从实质看，可以发现其内在联系，找出其共同规律。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。英语五种基本句型列式如下：基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓） 基本句型二：ＳＶＰ（主＋谓＋表） 基本句型三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）
基本句型四：ＳＶ O Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 基本句型五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）主语(subject) 是一个句子的主题( theme)，是句子所述说的主体、对象。它的位置一般在一句之首。可用作主语的有一个单词、短语、从句乃至句子。 谓语(predicate) 或谓语动词(predicate verb)是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，其位置一般在主语之后。谓语由简单动词或动词短语（助动词或情态动词＋主要动词）构成。 表语的功能是表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。它也可以说是一种主语补语。它位于联系动词之后，与之构成所谓的系表结构。在系表结构钟，联系动词只是形式上的谓语，二真正起谓语作用的则是表语。可以作表语的词有：名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语、从句等。 宾语（object）在句中主要充当动作、行为、活动的对象、接受者或受影响者。因此一般皆置于及物动词之后。 定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。主要有形容词此外还有名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式（短语）、分词、定语从句或相当于形容词的词、短语或句子都可以作定语。 状语（adverbial）是修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句的句子成分。 同位语当两个指同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置时，一个句子成分可被用来说明或解释另一个句子成分，前者就叫做后者的同位语（appositive）.这两个句子成分多由名词（代词）担任，同位语通常皆放在其说明的名词（代词）之后。 He himself doesn’t know why.（代词做同位语）
主谓一致的讲解 主谓一致是指： 1）语法形式上要一致，即名词单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1.由and 连接主语时 And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数 1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数 Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students. Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold. 小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子 Both rice and wheat are grown in this area. 2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。 The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting. 那位教授兼作家正在会上发言 A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor. 一位新闻记者兼作家 His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe. 他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行 The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet. 总理兼外长 比较：the writer and the educator have visited our school. the writer and educator has visited our school. His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe. 注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词，指不同的需要分别加冠词，但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可 A boy and girl are playing tennis. 3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数 Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients. Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加 Every boy and (every) girl admires him for his fine sense of humour. Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistake No boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里 注意：many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多 Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie. 4)并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数 A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up. 关于保护环境的法律法规已经起草完成。 The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好 War and peace is a constant theme in history 战争与和平是历史永恒的主题 注意;常被视为主体的结构 A cup and saucer 一副杯碟 A horse and cart 马车 A knife and fork 一副刀叉
高考英语主谓一致单句改错专练 下面每个句子中有一处错误，请标出并改正。 1.There are lots of money left. 2. One thousand dollars are enough to live on. 3.Neither of the books are difficult to read. 4. The police works hard day and night for the safety of the people. 5. Three-fourths of the apple were eaten by the rat. 6. I don't think it one of the best films that has ever been shown here this year. 7. Several pairs of new shoes has been sent to the poor old woman.
8. Mathematics are the science of numbers. 9. More than one person were injured in the accident. 10. Women's position in the family have been improved as well . 11. Mary is one of the girls who is always on time. 12. What caused the accidents remain unknown. 13. The singer and the dancer is to attend our party. 14. Anyone can borrow books if he or she wish. 15. When I got back, it were already 6 p. m.
2017中考英语语法精讲：主谓一致 【教学目标】 熟练掌握语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近原则。 【教学内容】 语法一致原则 主语和谓语通常是在语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式时，谓语动词也采用单数形式； 主语是复数形式时，谓语动词也采用复数形式。 1．当and或both... and...连接表示不同概念的名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：Tom and Mike are good friends．汤姆和迈克是好朋友。 Both Lucy and Lily are students．露西和莉莉都是学生。 2．不定代词either，neither，each one，the other，another，anybody, anyone, anything, someone, somebody, som ething, everyone,everybody，everything，nobody，no one，nothing 等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如： Is there anything wrong with your bike? 你的自行车有什么毛病吗？ Everyone is ready for the sports meeting. 大家都为运动会做好了准备。 3．由each...and each...，ever．..and every...作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如： Each boy and( each) girl was given a new book. 给了每一个男孩和每一个女孩一本新书。 4．主语后接由with，along with，together with，as well as，rather than，including，besides，like，except' but等词或短语连接的名词时，谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定。如： Mr. Green with his wife and two daughters is coming to Beijing. 格林先生将和他的夫人及两个女儿一块儿来北京。 5．“a number of+名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the number of+名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如： A number of trees are cut down．许多树木被砍倒了。 The number of students in our class is 32.
英语语法——主谓一致（就近、就远原则） 就近原则： 也称“ 近原”“就近一致原” (Proximity），即：与靠近的名、代（有不一定是主）在“人称、数”上一致。 在正式文体中： 1. 由下列接的并列主："there be ＋句型 ; or ; either；?norr; neither?nor；whether ? or；not ? but; not only?but also"等;。e.g. ①What he does or what he says does not concern me .他的行或言都与我无关。 ②N either you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没。 ③N ot you but your father is to blame . 不是你，而是你父受。 ④Not only you but(also) he is wrong . 不你了，他也了。 2. 在倒装句中：可与后面第一个主一致。 e.g. ①In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people .在，能听鼓掌声和人的呼喊声。 ②T here is (are) a pen and some books on the desk . 桌上有一支笔和几本。 II.非正式文体中： 有依“就近一致原”，但也可依“意一致原”或格地依“ 法一致原”。 e.g. Neither she nor I were there (意一致)我和他当都不在那儿。（非正式） Neither she nor I was there .（就近一致）（文同上句）（正式） 但是，如果依“就近一致原”而与其他两原相矛盾，常常是不太合符范的。e.g. No one except his own supporters agree with him .他自己的支持者同意他的意。（依“就近”和“意”一致的原；但法上，“ No one ”才是主，要改成“agrees ”。“写作中”一 般要依“ 法一致”原。 英语就近原则短语 1.There be 句型There is a book and some pencils on the desk. =There are some pencils and a book on the desk. 2.neither...nor...Neither you nor he is right. = Neither he nor you are right. 3.either...or...Either they or Jim is going to Shanghai next Saturday. = Either Jim or they are going to shanghai next Saturday. 4.not only...but also... Not only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday.
高考英语主谓一致知识点知识点总复习附答案解析 一、选择题 1．Nowadays the growth of food delivery apps in China ______ the country with takeout containers and plastic A．have drowned B．has been drowned C．is drowning D．are drowned 2．At the foot of the hill ________ a big lake surrounded by trees. A．lays B．is laying C．lies D．is lying 3．Forest as well as other children who _______certain disabilities _______down on at school. A．have; are being looked B．have; are looking C．has; is looking D．have; is being looked . 4．_____ of the students who took part in the military training is 450. A．A number B．A lot C．A few D．The number 5．The father,along with his four children,_____hangzhou.When they will be back_____fixed. A．have gone to;isn’t B．had gone to;is not C．went to;aren’t D．has gone to;has not been 6．The fact that so many people still smoke in public places____ that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking. A．suggest B．suggests C．suggested D．suggesting 7．Please feel free to tell me if you don’t think two days’ holiday _____ enough. A．is B．was C．are D．were 8．As is well known, our success in life depends on our determination to grasp opportunities that ________ to us. A．present B．are presenting C．are presented D．have presented 9．Beneath the books _________ a photo, which showed the city had _________ huge changes. A．were; gone through B．was; gone through C．was; got through D．were; got through 10．The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _____ saved for other purposes. A．is B．were C．was D．are 11．Even more widespread _______ the copying of music and the pirating of software, especially with the development of new computer programs. A．is B．does C．are D．do 12．It is reported that many a new house ________ at present in the disaster area. A．are being built B．were being built C．was being built D．is being built 13．Along with enthusiasm for composing music ______ his devotion to cultivating young people passionate about music. A．come B．comes C．coming D．to come 14．In our class of the students girls. A．third fifths; is B．third fifth; are C．three fifth; is D．three fifths; are
主谓一致初中英语教案 【篇一：主谓一致公开课教案】 主谓一致授课教案 教师：柴学生：12高考电子时间：2015年 1 月 9 日第三课 【篇二：教案初三主谓一致】 初三英语主谓一致 段店中学徐小梅 【教学目标】（teaching aim.） 掌握主谓一致的原则。（grasp the consistent rules of subject and predicate .） 【教学难点】teaching difficult point 掌握主谓一致应注意的几个问题。(grasp a few problems of consistent the rules of subject and predicate) 【教学重点】（teaching important points ） 1．语法形式上的一致。(grammar consistent) 主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式：主语为复数形式，谓语动 词用复数形式。 2．意义上一致。(the meaning consistent) (1)主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。 单数形式表示复数意义的词有people, police, audience等。 3．就近原则 ( according to the rules of nearest word) 谓语动词的单、复数取决于最靠近它的主语，如there be句型或用 连词either...or...，neither...nor...,not only...but also等。 4．要注意的几个问题。( pay attention to a few problems) (1)class, family, team, country, school等集合名词作主语时，如 果指整体，用单数；如果指每个成员，用复数。 如：his family are watching tv in the sitting room. his family is very big. (2)trousers, shoes, glasses, socks, stockings, scissors单独作 主语时，谓语动词用复数，但当它们与a pair of或pairs of连用时，谓语动词与pair的数保持一致。 如：the pair of glasses fits you well. several pairs of new shoes have been sent to the old men.
高中英语主谓一致知识点讲解 本文主要讲解主谓一致，并列结构作主语时谓语用复数主谓一致中的靠近原则谓语动词与前面的主语一致 等常见考点。 主谓一致是指： 1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语， 一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。例如： There is much water in the thermos. 但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如： Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year. 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数，例如： Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。 注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如： The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。 典型例题 The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were 答案B. 注：先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。
高考英语新主谓一致知识点难题汇编及答案 一、选择题 1．I was _______ with my son about his carelessness, which _______ the main cause of his failure in math. A．annoyed; were B．amazed; was C．amazing; were D．annoyed; was 2．The people trapped in the ruins ____________ that rescue teams ____________ here without delay. A．desire; are sent B．desiring; were sent C．desire; be sent D．desiring; be sent 3．A saying goes_____ all work and no play___________ Jack a dull boy. A．that; makes B．which; makes C．that; make D．which; make 4．In addition to John and Helen, their cousin ______ visit us next month. A．is coming to B．are coming to C．are to D．is likely 5．The fact that so many people still smoke in public places____ that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking. A．suggest B．suggests C．suggested D．suggesting 6．Neither Mary nor her parents ________ of the exciting news, which surprises us a lot. A．has informed B．have informed C．has been informed D．have been informed 7．John is one of the best writers who ______ published a lot of books. A．has B．have C．have been D．are 8．Actually, the garden, as well as the trees around it, a man living across the street. A．is belonged to B．are belonged to C．belongs to D．belong to 9．E-mail as well as telephones ______ more and more popular in daily communication. A．have become B．become C．are becoming D．is becoming 10．A great number of small power stations _____ up in their province since 1960. A．are set B．have set C．have been set D．will have been set 11．As long as there are still flames inside the museum, no one but member of the fire department ______ to go inside. A．is allowed B．has been allowed C．are allowed D．have been allowed 12．Linda, together with her brothers, _______spending the holiday in Chile when the strong earthquake broke out. A．was B．were C．is D．are 13．Nowadays the growth of food delivery apps in China ______ the country with takeout containers and plastic A．have drowned B．has been drowned C．is drowning D．are drowned 14．—Lydia, what did our head-teacher say just now?
高考英语主谓一致用法全汇总 一、主谓一致的概念 主谓一致是指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。一般情况下，主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则支配： 语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近原则。 “主谓一致”考查内容涉及名词单数或复数作主语、不可数名词作主语、不定式作主语、并列结构作主语、特殊名词作主语时与谓语动词的一致等。 二、名词作主语 01 某些集体名词，如family，team等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式。 如： His family is a happy one.他的家庭是一个幸福的家庭。 The whole family are watching TV.全家人都在看电视。 这类名词有audience，class，club，company，crew，enemy，crowd，government，group，party，public，team等。名词population一词的使用情况类似。 “a group(crowd) of+复数名词”等短语之后的谓语动词也同样可用单数或复数，前者强调整体，后者强调各个部分。
02 某些集体名词，如people，police，cattle等，只当复数看待，谓语动词必须用复数。 The police are searching for the thief.警察正在搜捕那个贼。03 单、复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。 如： A sheep is over there.那边有只羊。 Some sheep are over there.那边有些羊。 04 名词所有格之后的名词被省略，这种情况一般只指商店、工厂、住宅等，作主语时，动词一般用单数。 如： The doctor’s is across the street.诊所在街道的对面。 My uncle’s is not far from here.我叔叔家离这儿不远。常见的省略名词有the baker’s，the barber’s，the carpenter’s，the Zhang’s等。 表示店铺的名词，一般作集体名词看待，但用作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数。 如：
主谓一致教案教学设计 Step I Lead-in 1. (have) your classmates finished his homework? 2. My friend and I (want) to play outside after watching TV. 3. (have) all of the cake been eaten? Step II Subject-verb agreement I语法一致原则 1. Between the two buildings (stand) a monument. 2. What he said (is/ are) right 3. What she left me (is/are) a few books. 4. Seeing (is/are) believing 5. To see (is/are) to believe. 6. Somebody (is/ are) using the phone. 7. Each of the books (cost) five yuan. 8. The students each (have) a copy of Jay’s new album. 9. The Greens (is / are) very fond of working on the farm. 10. Many a student (have/ has) passed the exam. 11. More than one person (is/ are) here. II 意义一致原则 1. Three weeks (is/ are) allowed for making the necessary prepara
1、形式一致 主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式 主语是单数，谓语动词用单数形式 2、语意一致 谓语动词用单数的清况 1）当名词词组中心词为表示金钱、时间、度量、距离、价格等复数名词时，把这些复数名词看作一个整体。谓语动词采用单数形式。 Twenty-five dollars is too much to pay for that shirt． Fifty minutes isn’t enough to finish this test． Ten miles seems like a long walk to me． 2 以“-s”结尾的书刊名、国名、组织名、游戏名、运动名，谓语动词用单数 以-ics结尾的名词指一门学科时，常用单数谓语动词形式。当这些名词表示实际内容时，谓语动词则用复数形式。 这类单词有：economics经济学electronics电子学 physics物理学politics政治学 mathematics数学statistics统计学 Roots was a novel about a slave family． His politics were a matter of great concern to his friend． Politics is his favorite subject． Statistics show that approximately 40 percent of all marriages in the US end in divorce． Statistics is a subject that is difficult to learn． 3) 有些表示某类别的总称的集合名词，如：machinery(机械)，clothing(衣服)，luggage(行李)，furniture(家具)，equipment(设备)，jewelry(珠宝)等作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。如：My luggage was sent by air． The equipment of our factory is all imported from Britain． 4) 不定式、现在分词和从句作主语，谓语动词通常用单数： Playing with fire is dangerous． 注意：若用and连接两个动名词、不定式短语或主语从句，表示两个不同的概念，则谓语动词用复数形式。若表示同一概念，则谓语动词用单数形式 Early to rise and early to bed is a good habit． When and where the building will be built hasn’t been decided． 主语从句要根据从句表达的意思而定 What she said is correct．What he gave me are five English books． 谓语动词用复数的情况 1）由and或both...and...连接两个单数名词作主语时，指的是复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式(不可数名词同样)。如： Fire and water do not agree． 注意如果and连接的两个词是指同一个人、同一事物或同一概念，则两个名词共用一个冠词，谓语动词必须用单数。