在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词在人称和数上必须和主语保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。主谓一致大致可归纳为三个原则，即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致。
语法一致原则
语法一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。
1．单数名词、代词、动词不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。
?To study French well is not easy.
学好法语不容易。
?What he said is very important for us all.
他说的话对我们大家很重要。
【注意】由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式；但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。
?What I bought were three Chinese books.
我买的是三本中文书。
?What I say and do are helpful to you.
我所说的、所做的都对你有帮助。
2．由连接词and或both...and...连接起来的合成主语后面，谓语动词要用复数形式。
?Both she and he are middle school students.
他和她都是中学生。
【注意】(1)若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或事(物)时，主语后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。
?The writer and artist has come.
那个兼有作家和艺术家双重身份的人来了。
?To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit.
早睡早起是个好习惯。
(2)由and连接的并列单数主语前如果有no, each, every, more than a(an), many a(an)修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。
?No boy and no girl likes it.
男孩和女孩没有一个喜欢这个的。
3．主语为单数名词或代词，即使后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引导的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语动词用复数形式。
?Mr Black, together with his wife and children, has come to China.
布莱克先生和他的妻子、孩子们一起来到了中国。
?The students together with the teacher are discussing a question.
学生们和老师正在讨论一个问题。
4．either, neither, each, every或“no＋单数名词”和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。
?Each of us has a new book.
我们每个人都有一本新书。
【注意】(1)在口语中，当either或neither后跟有“of＋复数名词(或代词)”作主语时，其谓语动词也可用复数。
?Neither of the texts is (are) interesting.
这两篇文章都没意思。
(2)若none of后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数；若它后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。
?None of us has (have) been to America.
我们中没有一个人去过美国。
5．在定语从句中，关系代词that, who, which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。
?He is one of my friends who are working hard.
他是我那些工作努力的朋友中的一个。
?He is the only one of my friends who is working hard.
他是我的朋友中唯一一个工作努力的。
6．由“kind (form, type, sort, species, portion, series) of”等修饰的主语，其谓语形式常取决于这些词的单复数。
?This new type of buses is now on show.
这种新型的公共汽车现在正在展出。
7．由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of＋名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数＋of＋名词”构成的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。
?There are a lot of people in the classroom.
教室里有很多人。
?The rest of the lecture is wonderful.
演讲的余下部分很精彩。
?50% of the students in our class are girls.
我们班百分之五十的学生是女生。
【注意】(1)a number of(许多)，作定语修饰复数名词，谓语动词用复数；the number of(……的数量)，中心词是number，谓语动词用单数。(2)a quantity of接名词时，谓语动词通常用单数形式；quantities of后接复数名词、不可数名词，后面的谓语动词都用复数形式。
?With more and more forests being destroyed, a large quantity of good earth is being washed away each year.
＝With more and more forests being destroyed, quantities of good earth are being washed away each year.
随着越来越多的森林被砍伐，每年有大量的沃土被冲走。
8．在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。
?There comes the bus.
公共汽车来了。
?On the wall are many pictures.
墙上有很多的画。
9．“many a/more than one＋单数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数。
?Many a customer has been lost through negligence of service.
由于服务不周失去了许多老主顾。
逻辑意义一致原则
逻辑意义一致就是谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致(因为有时主语形式为单数，但意义为复数；有时形式为复数，但意义为单数)。
1．what, who, which, any, more, all等代词作主语，谓语动词可以用单数形式，也可以用复数形式，主要由意思来决定。
?Which is your bag?
哪一个是你的包？
?Which are your bags?
哪些是你的包？
2．表示时间、重量、长度、价值等名词的复数作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式，这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体。
?Thirty minutes is enough for the work.
完成这项工作，三十分钟足矣。
3．若主语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式，其谓语动词通常用
单数形式。
?The Arabian Nights is an interesting story–book.
《一千零一夜》是一本有趣的故事书。
4．表示数量的短语one and a half后接复数名词作主语时，其谓语动词可用单数形式也可用复数形式。
?One and a half apples is (are) left on the table.
桌上留有一个半苹果。
5．算式中表示数目(字)的主语通常作单数看待，其谓语动词用单数形式。
?Twelve plus eight is twenty.
十二加八等于二十。
6．一些以–ics结尾的学科名词(如：mathematics, politics, physics)作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。
?I don't think physics is easy to study.
我认为物理不是很容易学。
7．单复数同形的名词，如：means, works, sheep, deer, crossroads, series等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数根据具体情况而定。
?Each means has been tried to solve the problem, but none is effective.
解决这个问题的每一种方法都试过，但没有一种有效。
?There are various means of communicating with a stranger.
同陌生人交流有很多不同的方法。
8．trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes等词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，但如果这些名词前有a (the) pair of等量词修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式。
?My glasses are broken.
我的眼镜坏了。
?The pair of shoes under the bed is his.
床下那双鞋是他的。
9．“定冠词the＋形容词或分词”表示某一类人时，谓语动词一般用复数形式，但特指某人时用单数形式。
?The rich get richer, and the poor get poorer.
富人更富，穷人更穷。
?The injured was sent to hospital.
那个受伤的人被送到了医院。
10．如果集合名词指的是整体，它的谓语动词用单数；如果它指集合的成员，其谓语动词就用复数形式。这类词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。
?Class Four is on the third floor.
四班在三楼。
?Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor.
四班的人在选谁当班长的事情上无法达成一致。
【注意】people, police, cattle等集合名词作主语，谓语动词一般都用复数。
?The police are looking for the lost child.
警察正在寻找那个失踪的孩子。
就近一致原则
有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。
1．当两个主语由either...or, neither...nor, whether...or, not only...but also连接时，谓语动词的人称和数与邻近的主语一致。
?Either the teacher or the students are our friends.
那个老师和那些学生都是我们的好朋友。
?Neither they nor he is wholly right.
不论是他们还是他都没全对。
2．there be句型中be动词的数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语，则be动词的数应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。
?There are two chairs and a desk in the room.
房间里有两把椅子和一张桌子。
【注意】Here引导的句子用法同上。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．More than 60 percent of the world's radio programmes are(be) in England.
解析句意：世界上超过百分之六十的广播节目来自英国。“分数或百分数＋of＋名词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词的数要根据短语后面名词的数而定。programmes为复数，故谓语动词也要用复数形式。
2．“All are(be) present and all is(be) going on well，” our monitor said.
解析句意：班长说：“所有人都在场，一切顺利。”第一个all指所有人，是复数意义；第二个all指事情的进展，是单数意义。
3．Yesterday the League secretary and monitor was_asked(ask) to make a speech at the meeting.
解析句意：昨天，我们的团委书记，也是我们的班长，被要求在会议上发言。and连
接的两个词共用一个冠词，表示是同一个人，谓语动词要用单数形式。
4．Mary as well as her sisters is_studying(study) Chinese in China now.
解析句意：玛丽和她的姐妹现在在中国学习汉语。Mary为单数意义词，尽管其后连接由as well as引导的短语，谓语动词的数仍然要由Mary这个词决定。
5．It is known to all that the rich are(be) not always happy.
解析句意：人们都知道富人并非总是快乐的。“the＋形容词”表示某一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式。
6．The police were_searching(search) for the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.
解析句意：警察正在到处寻找凶手，这时，他突然出现在剧院。police作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。
7．Air pollution, together with littering, causes/has_caused/is_causing(cause) many problems in our large industrial cities today.
解析句意：如今，空气污染与乱丢垃圾，在我们大工业城市引起了许多问题。由together with连接的两部分，其后的谓语动词的数与其前的部分保持一致。
8．The Olympic Games are (be) a major international event of summer and winter sports, in which thousands of athletes compete in a wide variety of events.
解析句意：奥运会是一个夏季和冬季的重要国际体育赛事，期间数千名运动员在很多赛事中竞技。the Olympic Games作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。
9．All possible means have_been_tried(try), but it seems that they have a long way to go.
解析句意：他们尝试了所有可能的方法，但似乎他们还有很长的路要走。名词means (方法) 的单复数同形，用作主语时，其谓语的单复数要视具体含义而定。此处means与all 连用，表示复数意义，意为“所有方法”，故谓语动词用复数形式。
10．What a pity! All his property—the books, the pictures and the house, was_consumed/has_been_consumed(consume) by the big fire.
解析句意：真遗憾！他所有的财产——书籍、照片和房子，都被大火吞噬了。句子的主语是all his property, 表示整体，谓语动词用单数。
11．Neither of the novels which are(be) popular with us has_been_translated(translate) into Chinese so far.
解析句意：到目前为止，受我们欢迎的两本小说都未被翻译成汉语。which引导的定语从句修饰的先行词是novels，为复数名词，所以定语从句中谓语动词要用复数形式；主句的主语为neither引导的名词短语，谓语动词要用单数形式。
12．A growing number of people are_beginning(begin) to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes(contribute) to more promotion opportunities.
解析句意：越来越多的人开始相信学习新的技能和知识能帮他们获得更多的提升机会。
a number of 表示“许多”，连接名词作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式；动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
13．What he has said leaves/has_left(leave) much for us to think about.
解析句意：他所说的话发人深省。此处what引导的主语从句表示单数意义，后面谓语动词用单数形式。
14．There is/was(be) a small quantity of water left in the bottle.
解析句意：瓶子里还剩下少量的水。there be句型中be动词的单复数取决于其后的主语。water为不可数名词，所以此处be动词要用单数形式。
15．The variety of goods on sale in that shop is(be) surprising.
解析句意：那个商店出售的货物品种多得惊人。the variety of 意为“……的种类/多样性”，其后接名词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
16．Machines of this kind help(help) us a lot in our daily life.
解析句意：这种机器在我们的日常生活中对我们帮助很大。machines of this kind的中心词为machines，是复数名词，谓语动词要用复数形式。
17．It is because we are different and each of us is(be) special.
解析句意：那是因为我们与众不同，我们每个人都很特别。“each of...”作主语，谓语动词需用单数形式。
18．The film Gone w ith the Wind was_shot(shoot) in Atlanta, the US, because the novel was set in the American Civil War.
解析句意：电影《乱世佳人》是在美国亚特兰大拍摄的，因为这部小说是以美国内战为背景。本句的主语是the film，是单数，Gone w ith the Wind是其同位语。
19．Over the Yangtze River have_been_built(build) eleven grand bridges in Wuhan so far, and another one is said to be finished next year.
解析句意：到目前为止，武汉已建成十一座长江大桥，另一座新桥据说将在明年完成。这是一个倒装句，句子的主语是eleven grand bridges，因此谓语动词用复数形式；又因so far 意为“到目前为止”，故谓语动词用现在完成时。
20．Mr Smith is one of the foreign teachers who are(be) working in our school.
解析句意：史密斯先生是在我们学校工作的外籍教师之一。定语从句中谓语动词的数要由先行词决定，此处先行词为teachers，所以从句中的be动词用are。
Ⅱ.单句改错
from Wuhan.
1．There are 60 students in Tom's class and thirty percent is
are
解析句意：汤姆的班级有60名学生，其中30%来自武汉。thirty percent后省略了of the students。
2．John together with his workmates are
playing football over there.
is
解析句意：约翰和他的同事们正在那里踢足球。此句真正的主语是John。
3．A large number of students are gathering at the school gate, and the number of them are
is reaching 100.
解析句意：许多学生聚集在校门口，人数达到了100。the number of them的中心词为number，是单数。
delivering a speech in front of a large number of audience in 4．The writer and translator are
is
our school.
解析句意：在我们学校，那位作家兼翻译家正在许多观众前发表演讲。The writer and translator是一个人。
tired of having one exam after another.
5．In fact, not only Mary and I but also Jane are
is
解析句意：事实上，不仅是玛丽和我，而且简也厌倦了一个接一个的考试。根据就近一致原则，谓语动词的数和最近的Jane保持一致。
to buy the book, please put down his name，” said the teacher to the 6．“If anybody want
wants
monitor.
解析句意：老师对班长说，如果有人想买书，把名字记下来。anybody是从句的主语，谓语用单数形式。
7．Nothing but one desk and six chairs are
in the room.
is
解析句意：房间里除了一张桌子和六把椅子外什么都没有。Nothing是主语，谓语用单数形式。
a TV tower called “Skyscraper Tower”．
8．Between the two roads stand
stands
解析句意：两条路中间矗立着一座被称为“摩天塔”的电视塔。此句为倒装句，真正的主语为a TV tower。
9．The hungry children care so little about their meals that anything will do so long as the their stomachs.
food fill
fills
解析句意：那些饥饿的孩子们不在意他们的饮食，只要能填饱他们的肚子，什么食物都行。从句的主语food为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。
not been discussed at the meeting.
10．Where to get the materials and how to get them has
have
解析句意：到哪里去找材料以及怎么找并没有在会上讨论。此句的主语为Where to get
the materials and how to get them，这是两件事，故谓语动词用复数形式。
11．Neither you nor your brother have
passed the test.
has
解析句意：你和你兄弟都没有通过考试。根据就近一致原则，谓语动词的数和your brother保持一致。
12．Every student and every teacher are
going to attend the meeting.
is
解析句意：每一位老师和学生都参加了本次会议。由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no、each或every修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。
eaten by Bob, and the rest was left on the table.
13．Three fourths of the bread were
was
解析句意：四分之三的面包被鲍勃吃了，其余的在桌子上。“分数或百分数＋of＋名词”构成的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。bread为不可数名词，其谓语动词用单数形式。
broken and I need to buy a new pair.
14．My glasses is
are
解析句意：我的眼镜坏了，我需要买副新的。主语glasses(眼镜)是复数意义词，故谓语动词用are。
expected to finish the exercise today except Jenny.
15．All the class is
are
解析句意：除了珍妮，所有的同学今天都要完成这项练习。class在此处指的是全班同学。
realized that our parents are right.
16．With time going by, my brother as well as I have
has
解析句意：随着时间的推移，我的哥哥和我都已经认识到我们的父母是对的。由as well as连接并列主语时，其后的谓语动词的数应与其前的主语保持一致。
17．Betty's working all night in such cold weather have
caused her to suffer from a high
has
fever and terrible cough.
解析句意：在这样寒冷的天气里，贝蒂工作了一整夜，这导致她发高烧和严重咳嗽。句中Betty's working all night in such cold weather是动名词短语作主语，其后应跟单数谓语动词。
been offered since the organization was built.
18．Large quantities of information has
have
解析句意：自这个组织成立以来，许多信息被提供给它。large quantities of后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，其谓语动词都用复数形式。
19．She is the only one among the women writers who write
stories for children.
writes
解析句意：她是众多女作家中唯一一位写儿童故事的。who writes stories for children 为定语从句，其先行词为the only one。
under casual circumstances may seem to 20．A great deal of talking and listening that occur
occurs
be aimless.
解析句意：发生在非正式场合下的大量交谈和倾听，可能看起来没有目的性。A great deal of 后面接不可数名词，故谓语动词用单数形式。
主谓一致详解 【基础知识】 主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。对大多数人来说，往往会在掌握主语和随后的谓语动词之间的一致问题上遇到困难。一般情况下，主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则支配： 语法一致原则(grammatical concord) 意义一致原则(notional concord) 就近原则(principle of proximity) （一）语法一致原则 用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致，就是语法一致。也就是说，如果名词中心词是单数，动词用单数形式；如果名词中心词是复数，动词用复数形式。例如： This table is a genuine antique. Both parties have their own advantages. Her job has something to do with computers. She wants to go home. They are divorcing each other. Mary was watching herself in the mirror. The bird built a nest. Susan comes home every week-end. （二）意义一致原则 有时，主语和谓语动词的一致关系取决于主语的单、复数意义，而不是语法上的单、复数形式，这样的一致关系就是意义一致。例如： Democratic government gradually take the place of an all-powerful monarchy. A barracks was attacked by the guerilla. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease. The United States is a developed country. It is the remains of a ruined palace. The archives was lost.
初中英语语法主谓一致 LELE was finally revised on the morning of December 16, 2020
I．单数主语： 1．当 every-, some-, any-, no- 等构成的不定代词及 each, either, neither 作主语时，谓语动词为单数。 ● Someone has told me about it. ● Neither of us likes the film. 2．当 every 或 each 位于两个由连接词连接的单数主语前，谓语动词用单数。（必记之要点！） ● Each girl and boy has a . ● Every man and woman is welcome. 3．位于主谓之间的介词短语不影响谓语动词的数，谓语动词须和主语一致。常见介词短语有：in addition to, together with, as well as, along with, but, except, etc. （这是一几乎所有考试都不愿放过的重点。） ● The teacher along with his students is going to the party. ● His parents as well as his elder si ster have come to see him. II．复数主语： 1．当主语由 and 或 both ... and 连接，通常采用复数谓语动词。 ● Both the girl and the boy are his friends.
高考英语-主谓一致-知识点考点全梳理 主谓一致的讲解 语法意义的一致 1，金额，距离，体积，重量，面积，数量，国家，人名，机构，事件，作品时，单数 Two dollars is enough 两美元是足够的 Two meters is long 两米很长 Two kilos is heavy 两公斤很重 Twenty-one is a big number 21是一个很大的数字 The United States is a big country 美国是一个大的国家 2,非谓语动词： Reading books is good for you 阅读书对你来说很好 To study English well is necessary去学习好英语是很有必要的。 2，不定代词： No one is here 没有一个人在这里
3，人类，世界上的人类 Only man thinks how to be better 只有人类才思考如何变得更好。 4，其他用法 1，Many a singer has been here 许多歌手都到过这里。 2，More than one boy has the book 不止一个男孩有这本书 3，More boys than one does housework at home不止一个男孩在家都是做家务的。 4，One and a half apples is here 还有一个半的苹果在这里。 5，a boy or two has been here 一两个学生到过这里。 5，one or two boys have been here 一两个学生到过这里 谓语复数： 1，集体名词： The police are chasing the thief 警察正在追捕这个小偷 2，专有名词： The Himalayas is a big mountain喜马拉雅是一个很大的山。 3，the 加形容词（国家的，民族的）
主谓一致的讲解 主谓一致是指： 1）语法形式上要一致，即名词单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1.由and 连接主语时 And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数 1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数 Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students. Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold. 小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子 Both rice and wheat are grown in this area. 2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。 The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting. 那位教授兼作家正在会上发言 A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor. 一位新闻记者兼作家 His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe. 他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行 The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet. 总理兼外长 比较：the writer and the educator have visited our school. the writer and educator has visited our school. His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe. 注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词，指不同的需要分别加冠词，但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可 A boy and girl are playing tennis. 3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数 Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients. Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加 Every boy and (every) girl admires him for his fine sense of humour. Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistake No boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里 注意：many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多 Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie. 4)并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数 A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up. 关于保护环境的法律法规已经起草完成。 The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好 War and peace is a constant theme in history 战争与和平是历史永恒的主题 注意;常被视为主体的结构 A cup and saucer 一副杯碟 A horse and cart 马车 A knife and fork 一副刀叉
[主谓一致] 高考语法综合练习 选用括号内适当的动词。 1.Two hours__________(is,are)not long enough for this test. 2.One and a half apples__________(is,are)left on the table. 3.One and a half days__________(is,are)all I can spare. 4.There__________(is,are)two pairs of glasses on the table. 5.Traffic police__________(is,are)always very busy. 6.The English__________(likes,like)to be with their family at Christmas. 7.His family__________(is,are)all very well. 8.About twenty percent of the students in our class__________(is,are)girls. 9.All__________(is,are)here.Let's start our meeting. 10.What the children want__________(is,are)storybooks. 11.This is the one of the books on the subject that__________(has,have)ever been written in Chinese. 12.Bread and butter__________(is,are)a daily food in the west. 13.No man and no woman__________(is,are)going to do such a shameful thing. 14.Not only my brother but also I__________(am,is)going there. 15.Mary as well as her classmates__________(has,have)learned to drive a tractor. 16.There__________(is,are)more than one answer to your question. 17.Two thirds of the population of the city__________(is,are)immigrants(移民). 18.The students each__________(has,have)a dictionary. 参考答案： 1.is。表示时间、金钱、距离、重量的复数名词作主语,通常看作整体,谓语用单数。 2.are。如果“one and a half+复数名词”作主语,指时间时谓语用单数,如下题。
初中英语语法归纳总结及主谓一致 语法归纳总结 一. 词类 英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1. 名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。 例：boy, morning, bag, home, class, orange. 2. 代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。 例：who, she, you, it . 3. 形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。 例：good, right, white . 4. 数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。 例：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5. 动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。 例：am, is,are,have,see . 6. 副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，说明时间、地点、程度等。 例：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7. 冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。 例：a, an, the. 8. 介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。 例in, on, from, above, behind. 9. 连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。 例and, but, before . 10. 感叹词(interj..)：表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。
例：oh, well, hi, hello. 二. 句子成分 英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1. 主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。 例：I’m Miss Green.我是格林小姐。 2. 谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。 例：Jack cleans the room every day. 杰克每天打扫房间。 3. 表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担 任。 例：My name is Ping ping. 我的名字叫萍萍。 4. 宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 例：He can spell the word. 他能拼这个词。 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语 一般放在直接宾语的前面。 例：He wrote me a letter. 他给我写了一封信。 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。 例：He wrote a letter to me. 他给我写了一封信。 5. 定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。 例：Shanghai is a big city. 上海是个大城市。 6. 状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词，通常由副词担任。 例：He works hard. 他工作努力。 7. 宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当。
．主谓一致 主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系。英语主谓一致一般要遵循三条原则，即：语法一致原则；意义一致原则和就近原则。 1.语法一致原则 语法一致原则是指谓语动词和它的主语在语法形式上必须取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式，如： Tom doesn’t like swimming. 汤姆不喜欢游泳。 Jane and Mary look alike. 简和玛丽看起来很像。 2.意义一致原则 意义一致原则是指谓语动词和主语的一致，同由主语所表达的单数概念来决定，而不是根据主语的实际语法形式。 有时主语的语法形式是单数，但所表达的概念是复数意义，这时动词应采用复数形式，如： The football team are having breakfast now. 足球队员们在吃早饭。 The news was exciting. 这条消息令人振奋。 3.就近原则 就近原则指谓语动词的人称和数要在形式上与最靠近它的那个名词或代词取得一致。当一个句子有两个主语而它们又是either...or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…, or 等连接时，谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致，如： Either your students or Mr Wang knows this. 你的学生们或王老师知道这件事。 Neither Jim nor his friends were interested in this film. 汤姆和他的朋友们都对这部电影不感兴趣。 主谓一致这三个原则中有很多需要注意的问题， 1.主语为集体名词 (1)某些集体名词既可表示单数也可表示复数。如果集体名词作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中一 个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式，如： Our group were discussing heatedly on the subject. 我们小组成员正对这个问题进行热烈的讨论。（group 指小组成员）Our group is made up of four girls and five boys. 我们小组有4个女孩和5个男孩组成。（group 指小组整体） The population in China is very large, and one third of the population are farmers. 中国的人口很多，其中三分之一是农民。（前一个population 指整体，后一个population 指成员） (2)某些集体名词如people, police, cattle, youth 等常作复数看待，谓语动词与复数形式的谓语搭配，如： The police are searching for him. 警察正在搜寻他。 The cattle were driven away from the hill. 那些牲畜从山上被赶走了。 3.某些名词如equipment（设备），furniture（家具），jewelry（珠宝），clothing（衣服），machinery（机械），表示单数 概念，谓语动词要相应地采用单数形式,如： A lot of equipment has been replaced by the new equipment. 许多旧设备已经被新设备代替了。 All the machinery in the factory was controlled by robots. 这个厂所有的机械都由机器人来控制的。 2.主语为代词 (1)．有些代词尽管意义上是多数，但谓语动词要用单数形式，这类代词有：either, neither, each, another, somebody, someone, something, anything, anyone, everyone, everything, everybody, no one, nothing, nobody 等，如： Neither likes the friends of the other. 两人都不喜欢对方的朋友。 Everything around us is matter. 我们周围所有的东西都是物质。 注意： ①在neither of 与either of 的结构中，谓语动词可用单数形式也可用复数形式，如： Neither of them was / were in good health, but both worked hard. 他们俩身体都不好，但工作却都很努力。 ②each 用于单数名词前，谓语动词用单数形式, each 用于复数主语后，谓语动词用复数形式。each of, each one of 后 接复数名词或代词，但谓语动词常用单数形式。 Each (one) of the houses was different. 每座房子都不同。 Each student has been given their own e-mail address. 每个学生都得到了一个自己的电子邮件地址。
考点 03 主谓一致
【命题解读】 在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主 谓一致。近几年来，高考关于该内容的考查主要集中在语法形态一致、逻辑意义一致以及就 近一致三个方面上。 【命题预测】 主谓一致在高考中常与名词结合在一起进行综合考查，多以语法填空和短文改错的形 式出题，在完形填空中也会有所涉及，总体难度系数较低，纵观近年的高考真题，主谓一 致中的固定搭配是考查的重难点。预计 2018 年高考仍会沿袭这一命题规律。 【复习建议】 1. 掌握主谓一致的三个原则：语法形态一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致； 2. 掌握主谓一致中的固定搭配； 3. 掌握定语从句中的主谓一致； 4. 掌握倒装句、强调句中的主谓一致。
高考主谓一致的知识结构 一致原则 考点详解 例句 His father is working on the farm. 1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、 To study English well is not easy. 动名词短语或从句作主语时， 谓语动词一 语法一致 般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词 用复数形式。 The children were in the classroom two hours ago. Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. What he said is very important for us all.
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Lucy and Lily are twins. 2. 由连接词 and 或 both …… and 连接起来 的合成主语后面， 要用复数形式的谓语动 词。 She and I are classmates. The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. Both she and he are Young Pioneers. 3. 主语为单数名词或代词， 尽管后面跟有 with，together with，except，but，like， as well as， rather than， more than， no less than， besides，including 等引起的短语， playground. 谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数， 谓语用复数形式。 She，like you and Tom，is very tall. Mr. Green ， together with his wife and children，has come to China. Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the
4. either，neither，each，every 或 no + Each of us has a new book. 单数名词和由 some，any，no，every 构 Everything around us is matter. 成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。
He is one of my friends who are working 5. 在定语从句中，关系代词 that，who， hard. which 等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与 He is the only one of my friends who is 句中先行词的数一致。 working hard.
一致原则
考点详解 6. 如果集体名词指的是整个集体， 它的谓
例句 Class Four is on the third floor. Class Four are unable to agree upon a
语动词用单数；如果它指集体的成员，其 monitor. 谓语动词就用复数形式。 语法一致 这些词有 family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience 等。 注：people，police，cattle 等名词一般都 用作复数。如：The police are looking for the lost child. 7. 由“a lot of， lots of， plenty of， the rest of， There are a lot of people in the classroom.
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高考英语主谓一致知识点知识点总复习附答案解析 一、选择题 1．Nowadays the growth of food delivery apps in China ______ the country with takeout containers and plastic A．have drowned B．has been drowned C．is drowning D．are drowned 2．At the foot of the hill ________ a big lake surrounded by trees. A．lays B．is laying C．lies D．is lying 3．Forest as well as other children who _______certain disabilities _______down on at school. A．have; are being looked B．have; are looking C．has; is looking D．have; is being looked . 4．_____ of the students who took part in the military training is 450. A．A number B．A lot C．A few D．The number 5．The father,along with his four children,_____hangzhou.When they will be back_____fixed. A．have gone to;isn’t B．had gone to;is not C．went to;aren’t D．has gone to;has not been 6．The fact that so many people still smoke in public places____ that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking. A．suggest B．suggests C．suggested D．suggesting 7．Please feel free to tell me if you don’t think two days’ holiday _____ enough. A．is B．was C．are D．were 8．As is well known, our success in life depends on our determination to grasp opportunities that ________ to us. A．present B．are presenting C．are presented D．have presented 9．Beneath the books _________ a photo, which showed the city had _________ huge changes. A．were; gone through B．was; gone through C．was; got through D．were; got through 10．The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _____ saved for other purposes. A．is B．were C．was D．are 11．Even more widespread _______ the copying of music and the pirating of software, especially with the development of new computer programs. A．is B．does C．are D．do 12．It is reported that many a new house ________ at present in the disaster area. A．are being built B．were being built C．was being built D．is being built 13．Along with enthusiasm for composing music ______ his devotion to cultivating young people passionate about music. A．come B．comes C．coming D．to come 14．In our class of the students girls. A．third fifths; is B．third fifth; are C．three fifth; is D．three fifths; are
高中英语主谓一致知识点讲解 本文主要讲解主谓一致，并列结构作主语时谓语用复数主谓一致中的靠近原则谓语动词与前面的主语一致 等常见考点。 主谓一致是指： 1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语， 一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。例如： There is much water in the thermos. 但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如： Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year. 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数，例如： Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。 注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如： The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。 典型例题 The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were 答案B. 注：先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。
高考英语新主谓一致知识点难题汇编及答案 一、选择题 1．I was _______ with my son about his carelessness, which _______ the main cause of his failure in math. A．annoyed; were B．amazed; was C．amazing; were D．annoyed; was 2．The people trapped in the ruins ____________ that rescue teams ____________ here without delay. A．desire; are sent B．desiring; were sent C．desire; be sent D．desiring; be sent 3．A saying goes_____ all work and no play___________ Jack a dull boy. A．that; makes B．which; makes C．that; make D．which; make 4．In addition to John and Helen, their cousin ______ visit us next month. A．is coming to B．are coming to C．are to D．is likely 5．The fact that so many people still smoke in public places____ that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking. A．suggest B．suggests C．suggested D．suggesting 6．Neither Mary nor her parents ________ of the exciting news, which surprises us a lot. A．has informed B．have informed C．has been informed D．have been informed 7．John is one of the best writers who ______ published a lot of books. A．has B．have C．have been D．are 8．Actually, the garden, as well as the trees around it, a man living across the street. A．is belonged to B．are belonged to C．belongs to D．belong to 9．E-mail as well as telephones ______ more and more popular in daily communication. A．have become B．become C．are becoming D．is becoming 10．A great number of small power stations _____ up in their province since 1960. A．are set B．have set C．have been set D．will have been set 11．As long as there are still flames inside the museum, no one but member of the fire department ______ to go inside. A．is allowed B．has been allowed C．are allowed D．have been allowed 12．Linda, together with her brothers, _______spending the holiday in Chile when the strong earthquake broke out. A．was B．were C．is D．are 13．Nowadays the growth of food delivery apps in China ______ the country with takeout containers and plastic A．have drowned B．has been drowned C．is drowning D．are drowned 14．—Lydia, what did our head-teacher say just now?
初中英语主谓一致语法讲解 （名师总结必考语法知识，值得下载） 1.定义：主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，同时主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。 2.什么叫语法一致原则？ 指当主语是单数形式时，谓语动词用单数形式，当主语是复数形式时，谓语用复数形式。 例如：Mike________（is / are）a good student. 迈克是个好学生。Mike为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用单数。 The children often ________（plays / play）football on the playground. 孩子们经常在操场上踢足球。 children为复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。 3.什么叫意义一致原则？ 指主语形式上为单数，但所表达的意义为复数，因此谓语动词要用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义，这时谓语动词用单数形式。 例如：My family ________（is / are）having lunch now. 我们一家人
现在正吃午饭。 Family指一家人，所以谓语用复数。 Twenty dollars ________（is / are）too expensive for the book. 这本书20美元太贵了。 Twenty dollars这里是一个单独的个体，所以意义为单数，谓语动词用单数。 4.什么叫就近一致原则？ 指谓语动词的单复数形式，取决于最靠近它的主语。 例如：Not only the teacher but also his students ________（like / likes）playing football. 不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。 Like前面的主语为students,故根据就近原则谓语动词用复数形式。 There ________（is / are）a pen and some books on the desk. 课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。 Be动词后面靠近它的是a pen,所以谓语动词用单数形式。 5.常见用法： 1）主语为单数名词或不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式，主语为
主谓一致讲解教案 一、授课时间：2012年1月4日 二、授课内容：语法点主谓一致讲解 三、授课重难点： 1、授课重点：主谓一致三原则：语法一致；意义一致;就近一致原则 2、授课难点：主谓一致常考题型 四：授课过程 Step I 课程引入 由三个例句导入主谓一致的概念 1.I am a student. 2.They are students. 3.She is a teacher. 我们可以看出主语不同，谓语动词的形式就不同 主谓一致：谓语动词的人称和数随着主语的人称和数的变化而变化。 Step II 讲述 一、主谓一致遵循三个原则：语法一致；意义一致;就近一致原则 分别对每个原则中的每一项进行讲解，并且举出例句，和学生互动。 1.语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。 Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。 They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。 2.意义一致：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。 My family are having lunch now. 我们一家人现在正吃午饭。 Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 这本书20美元太贵了。 3.就近一致：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。例如： Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football. 不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。 There is a pen and some books on the desk. 课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。
主谓一致 1.主谓一致是指英语中谓语在人称、数及意义方面要与作主语的名词或代词一致。 2.主谓一致分为语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。 （1）语法一致原则：主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致。主语为单数，谓语用单数；主语为复数，谓语用复数。 I often help him and he often helps me. （2）意义一致原则：主语和谓语在意义上单复数一致。主语为单数，谓语用单数；主语为复数，谓语用复数。 The police are searching the woods for the murderer. （3）就近一直原则：当主语有两个或两个以上时，谓语动词由靠近它的主语确定。 并列主语的谓语一致 1.And （1）两个单数名词用and连接，表示不同概念时，谓语用发复数。 Tom and Jack are close friends. （2）两个单数名词用and连接，表示同一歌人、同一个物，同一个概念，或表示不可分割的整体时，谓语用单数。 The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party. （3）被every，each，many a，no等限定的单数名词由and连接时，谓语仍用单数，其中，后一个限定词可以省略。 every ……and ……every，each……and……each，no……and……no, many a……and……many a。 Each boy and (each) girl has an apple. （4）一个单数名词被几个用and连接的并列形容词修饰时，可以指一件事或几件事，这种名词作主语，要根据意义一致的原则决定单复数。 Simple and plain living is a fine quality.生活简朴一种优良品质。 Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are studying. （5）由and连接的两个what的从句作主语时，要根据意义一致的原则决定单复数 What he says and does do not agree.（言行不一致） What he says and does does not concern me. 2.由either or, neither nor, not but, not only but also,or, nor连接的并列主语，谓语动词常和邻近的主语一致。 Either Tom or I is going there. 3、“with/along with/together with/as well as/as much as/expect/besides/including/rather than/but/等+名词”结构时，谓语单复数不受这些词影响。 You father as well as you is very kind to me, 某些名词作主语时的主谓一致 1.集合名词 （1）表示整体概念，强调一致性，谓语动词用单数形式；强调每一个成员，谓语动词用复数。 如：family，company, committee, government, nation,