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初中英语语法复习:分词的用法(分词作表语)

初中英语语法复习:分词的用法(分词作表语)
初中英语语法复习:分词的用法(分词作表语)

初中英语语法复习:分词的用法(分词作

表语)

分词作表语

现在分词:表示主动,正在进行

过去分词:表示被动,已经完成

She looked tired with cooking. 她由于忙着做饭,看上去有些疲倦。

He remained standing beside the table. 他依然站在桌旁。

分词作表语

分词做表语有两种情况,一种是现在分词做表语,一种是过去分词做表语。一般来说,表示心理状态的动词如excite,interest等都是及物动词,汉语意思不是“激动”,“高兴”,而是“使激动”、“使高兴”,因而现在分词应该是“令人激动的”、“令人高兴的”,过去分词则是“感到激动的”和“感到高兴的”。所以,凡表示“令人……的”都是-ing形式,凡是表示“感到……”都用-ed形式。换句话说,若人对……感兴趣,就是somebody is interested in…,若人/物本身有兴趣时,就是sb. /sth. is interesting.如:

Travelling is interesting but tiring. 旅行是有趣,

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但是使人疲劳。

The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much. 如果要学生学得太多,他们会感到糊涂的。

The argument is very convincing. 这个论点很令人信服。

They were very excited at the news. 听到这个消息,他们非常激动。

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《动名词作表语定语的情况》进阶练习(一)

《动名词作表语定语的情况》进阶练习 一、单项选择 1. Last night we watched a funny show. And people couldn’t help _____ again and again. A. laughing B. to laugh C. laugh 2. —Dad, why must I stop ______ computer games? —For your health, my boy. A. play B. to play C. to playing D. playing 3. —You aren’t a student, are you? —_____ , don’t you remember _____ me in the classroom ten minutes ago? A. No, seeing B. Yes, seeing C. No, to see D. Yes, to see 二、句型转换 4. Thank you for your help.(改为同义句) Thank you for _________ __________. 5. It’s good to travel all over the world.(改为同义句) Travelling ______ the world ______ good.

参考答案 一、1. A 2. D 3. B 二、4. helping me 5. around,is 解析 1. 句意为:昨天晚上我们看了一个有趣的节目。人们情不自禁地一次又一次大笑。can't help doing意为“情不自禁做某事”,为固定搭配。故选A。 2. 句意:——爸爸,我为什么必须停止玩电脑游戏?——为了你的健康,我的孩子。stop to do停下来去做另一件事,stop doing停止正在做的事。根据句意,故选D。 3. 句意为:——你不是学生,对吗?——不对,你难道不记得10分钟前在教室见过我吗?回答否定的反义疑问句时,yes表示否定前面的事实,no表示肯定前面的事实。remember 有两种用法,即remember doing sth(记得做过某事)和remember to do sth(记得去做某事),根据句意,故选B。 4. for是介词,后可跟动名词作宾语。故填helping me。 5. it作形式主语的句子可转变成动名词作主语的句子,动名词作主语,谓语用单数形式。all over the world相当于around the world。故填around,is。

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He doesn’t like not being taken seriously. 他不喜欢被人不严肃对待。 As far as he’s concerned, it’s not doing something wrong that matters, but not being caught doing something wrong, 就他而论,重要的不是做错事,而是做错事不被抓住。 四、动名词带逻辑主语时的的否定式 若动名词带有逻辑主语,则否定词应置于逻辑主语之后。如: I’m surprised at your not having noticed. 你竟未注意到我感到吃惊。 I never dreamt of its hurting you. 我没想它会伤你的心。 I depend on your coming at seven o’clock. 我指靠你七点钟来。 They won’t hear of you (r) going. 他们不会同意你去。 They’re looking forward to Mary’s coming. 他们盼望玛丽来。 I understand your not wanting to discuss the matter. 我理解你为什么不愿讨论这件事。 The trouble was their not being able to agree among themselves. 麻烦的是他们自己不能取得一致的意见。 Jenny’s not having been trained as a dancer is her one regret. 杰妮没受过舞蹈的专业训练是她感到遗憾的事。

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动名词与现在分词作表语时的比较 欧阳家百(2021.03.07) 1.动名词作表语说明主语的内容,回答 what的问题;现在分词作表语相当于形容词作表语,说明主语的性质、特征等,回答how 的问题。如: ①One of the best exercises is swimming.游泳是最好的运动项目之一。 ②What pleases him most is bathing in the sea.最使他高兴的事是在海中沐浴。 ③The situation both at home and abroad is very in- spiring.国内外的形势都很鼓舞人心。 ④The color is pleasing to the eye.颜色悦目。 2.动名词作表语,表语和主语几乎处于同等地位,可以互换位置,其句意不变;现在分词作表语,表语和主语则不能互换位置。如: ①Our work is serving the people.(=Serving the people is our work.)我们的工作是为人民服务。

②The news was disappointing.那消息令人失望。 3.作表语的现在分词前可以用very,quite,rather, greatly等副词修饰,而动名词则不可以。如: ①What he said was very encouraging.他的话很鼓舞人心。 ②Our goal is realizing the four modernizations in the near future.我们的目标是在不久的将来实现四个现代化。 4.现在分词与形容词一样可以和more,the most构成形容词的比较级和最高级,而动名词则不可以。如: The story is the most fascinating.那个故事最迷人。 5.作表语用的现在分词除了和be连用以外,还可以和其它的系动词连用;而作表语的动名词则通常只能和be连用。如: ① His speech seems inspiring.他的演讲似乎很鼓舞人心。 ②His interest is writing for the newspapers.他的爱好是给报社写文章。 6.有些用作表语的现在分词已经形容词化了。常见的有:exciting,moving,inspiring,missing,interesting, disappointing 等。 II.动名词与现在分词作定语时的比较

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高中英语语法之动名词 一、含义 动名词兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式。基本形式为v-ing, 动名词具有名词的性质,因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语等。 动名词有时态和语态的变化。 动名词的时态和语态的基本形式:(以write为例) 注意:动名词的否定形式是:not writing 二、动名词的基本用法 1.用作主语---常表抽象,或者泛指习惯性的动作。 Smoking is bad for your health. Playing with fire is dangerous. Swimming is her favorite sport. 游泳是她最喜欢的体育运动。 Learning is important to modern life. 学习对现代生活很重要。 注意: ①不定式也可以做主语。不定式与动名词作主语的区别: 不定式作主语时经常表示具体的、 ...动作,而动名词 ....一次性 作主语时经常表示抽象动作或习惯性动作。

Getting up early is a good habit. To get up early this morning made me sleepy. ②动名词作主语,有时用it作形式主语,把动名词置于句末。 It is no use/ good doing...(做。。。没有用); It is fun doing... (做。。。很有趣); It is a waste of time doing... (做。。。是浪费时间) 等句型中。 例如:It’s no use crying over spilt milk.(覆水难收) It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 说服这样一个人加入我们当中来是浪费时间。 2. 作宾语 ①作某些及物动词的宾语 常见的动词有:advise,avoid,delay,escape,excuse,enjoy,consider,finish,deny,fancy,keep,mind(在乎)postpone,pardon,practise,suggest,imagine等。 need,want,require后接动名词,表示被动意义。 如:Would you mind opening the door?请你把门打开好吗? Fancy meeting you here. 真想不到在这里遇见你。 ②作介词的宾语 He left without saying good-bye to us. 他没有和我们道别就离开了。 On arriving at the airport,I saw my mother standing in the

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不定式动名词现在分词过去分词作表语的区别 和用法 Standardization of sany group #QS8QHH-HHGX8Q8-GNHHJ8-HHMHGN#

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过去分词作定语表语练习题

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现在分词的主要句法功能归纳

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-- 教学过程 一、课堂导入 本堂知识是高考中比较重要的考点,也是各地常考的考点,掌握好这张语法,不仅对做单选题有帮助,对于更好地理解完型、阅读和写作文都有帮助。 --

-- 二、复习预习 复习上一单元的知识点之后,以达到复习的效果。然后给学生一些相关的单选或其他类型题目,再老师没有讲解的情况下,让学生独立思考,给出答案与解释,促进学生发现问题,同时老师也能发现学生的盲点,并能有针对性地进行后面的讲课。 --

-- 三、知识讲解 知识点1:分词用作表语 (1) 有的用作表语的分词具有形容词性质,有的甚至已转化为形容词。 --

-- (2)现在分词和动名词作表语的区别:现在分词作表语主要表示主语的性质和特征,而动名词作表语则主要是对主语内容的进一步说明和解释: Myjobis interesting. 我的工作很有趣。 My job isteachingmaths. 我的工作是教数学。 另外,动名词作表语时它可与主语交换位置,而现在分词作表语则不可与主语交换位置: 误:Interestingismy job. 正:Teachingmaths is myjob. 还有,作表语的现在分词不能带宾语,而作表语用的动名词可以带宾语(如上例)。 知识点2:分词用作定语 --

-- 单个的分词作定语可以置于被修饰词语之前,但若是分词短语作定语则应置于被修饰名词之后:There is a gentlemanasking tosee you. 有一位先生要求见你。 She boughta computer produced inChina. 她买了一台中国生产的电脑。 --

过去分词作定语与表语

概念引入 今天我们要学习过去分词作表语和定语的用法。先看下面这些句子: 1. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. (inspired过去分词作表语;exposed过去分词作定语) 2. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. (terrified过去分词作定语) 3. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. (interested 过去分词作表语) 4. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died. (affected过去分词作定语) 5. He was determined to find out why. (determined过去分词作表语) 6. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. (polluted过去分词作定语) 上面句子中的黑体词都是过去分词,句1(inspired)、句3、句5中的三个词跟在系动词became、was后作表语;而句1(exposed)、句2、句4、句6中的四个词放在名词前或后修饰名词,作定语。那么过去分词是什么?有什么作用?我们将在本单元和下两个单元中与同学们一起学习。 用法讲解 过去分词的作用 英语中动词如果不作谓语时叫非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为:不定式(to do)、动词-ing形式(doing)和过去分词(done)。 动词-ing形式可分为现在分词和动名词:现在分词强调动作,如a sleeping boy中的sleeping强调“睡觉”这一动作,而且此动作正在进行,与所修饰词boy有逻辑上的主谓关系(即sleeping的动作是boy做的),因此是现在分词作定语;而a sleeping bag中的sleeping强调功能,表示“用来睡觉的”,是动名词作定语。 过去分词多表示动作的被动和完成,但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作,而不表示“被 动”意义。 本单元主要学习过去分词作表语和定语。 1. 与助动词一起构成谓语:

动名词使用全解

动名词是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词。它可以支配宾语,也能被副词修饰。动名词有时态和语态的变化。 解释:动词的ing形式如果是名词,这个词称动名词。 特征:动词原形+ing构成,具有名词,动词一些特征 一、动名词的作用 动名词具有名词的性质,因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。 1、作主语 Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。 Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山是真有趣。 Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffer. 在这种工作条件下工作不是愉快而是痛苦。 动名词作主语,有时先用it作形式主语,把动名词置于句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常用。如: It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 洒掉的牛奶哭也没用。 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这样的人加入真是浪费时间。 It was hard getting on the crowded street car. 上这种拥挤的车真难。 It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 There is no joking about such matters. 对这种事情不是开玩笑。 动名词作主语的几种类型 动名词可以在句子中充当名词所能充当的多种句子成分。在这里仅就动名词在句子中作主语的情况进行讨论。 动名词作主语有如下几种常见情况: 1. 直接位于句首做主语。例如: Swimming is a good sport in summer. 2. 用it 作形式主语,把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。 动名词做主语时,不太常用it 作先行主语,多见于某些形容词及名词之后。例如: It is no use telling him not to worry. 常见的能用于这种结构的形容词还有:better,wonderful,enjoyable,interesti ng,foolish,difficult,useless,senseless,worthwhile,等。 注意:important,essential,necessary 等形容词不能用于上述结构。 3. 用于“There be”结构中。例如: There is no saying when he'll come.很难说他何时回来。 4. 用于布告形式的省略结构中。例如: No smoking ( =No smoking is allowed (here) ). (禁止吸烟) No parking. (禁止停车) 5. 动名词的复合结构作主语

最新初中英语语法知识—动词的全集汇编及答案(3)

一、选择题 1.I don't have a Ping-Pong ball, _______ my brother _______. A.but; do B.and; does C.and;do D.but; does 2.—________ Mary________ fruit? —Of course. A.Is; like B.Does; likes C.Does; like D.Do; likes 3.Kay looked _________ at the guests who said that the food she cooked tasted _________. A.happily; wonderfully B.happily; wonderful C.happy; wonderful D.happy; wonderfully 4.The woman made her husband_______ outside the gate yesterday afternoon. A.wait B.waiting C.to wait D.waited 5.The teacher's smile made me ________ better. A.feel B.to feel C.feeling D.felt 6.—David, you got any tea? —Yes. Would you like some? A.have B.do C.has 7.What kind of music ________ he ________? A.does; listen B.does; listen to C.is; listen D.is; listen to 8.— ________ your cousin and her friends like history? —Yes, they ________ it’s very interesting. A.Does; think B.Do ; think C.Do; thinks 9.My mother with me ________ at my grandma’s home ________that snowy night. A.were, at B.was, at C.was, on 10.My parents don’t_______me eat_______junk food. A.like; too many B.want; too much C.ask; too many D.let; too much 11.—Let’s _________ the library this afternoon. —Sorry, I want _________ my grandfather. A.go to;to meet B.go to;meeting C.to go to;to meet 12.—Do you like watching cooking programs on TV? —No, I don’t , but my twin brother . He's very fond of cooking. A.does B.do C.is D.are 13.— What kind of home do you ? — A flat three bedrooms. A.live in; with B.live; with C.live in; has D.live; has 14.2019 has come. I hope everyone can make his dream ________. A.came true B.come true C.comes true D.coming true 15.When did your father your mother? A.marry B.marry to C.marry with D.get married 16.— When and where shall we meet?

现在分词做宾语补足语

现在分词做宾语补足语 现在分词在句子中可用作宾语补足语,其结构为: 主语+谓语+宾语+现在分词(即宾语补足语)。使用此结构要特别注意: 句子中的宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上是主动关系,并不是所有的动词都可以跟宾语加现在分词作宾语补足语。掌握现在分词作宾语补足语的结构要注意下面的五点。 一、感官动词+宾语+现在分词,现在分词做宾语补足语,表示动作正在进行。例如: He saw her working in the garden.他看见她正在花园里干活。 分析: “He”在句子中做主语,“saw”作谓语,“her”作宾语,划线部分在句子中作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子,working in the garden宾语补足语。 I heard a bell ring.我听见铃在响。 I could feel the wind blowing on my face.我能感觉到风吹着我的脸。 高中范围内,适用于“感官动词+宾语+现在分词”的结构,现在分词作宾语补足语常用的动词有: feel,find,hear,notice,observe,see,watch等。 在listen to和look at后面也可跟宾语+现在分词(即宾语补足语)。例如: Sometimes she would listen to him playing the saxophone.有时她会听他吹奏萨克斯管。 She looked at him waiting there.她瞧着他等在那里。 二、使役动词+宾语+现在分词,现在分词在句子中作宾语补足语。例如: His question has set me thinking.他的问题让我深思。

(完整版)动名词作状语

动词-ing做状语【学案】 (必修四第四单元语法点) 1.-ing短语在句子中可作状语,来修饰谓语动词或整个句子,表示动作发生的时间、原 因、条件、结果、让步或伴随等情况。 2. -ing短语作状语一般表示一个次要的动作,一般都可以变为相应的状语从句或并列句。 1. 作时间状语 -ing短语作时间状语要置于句首。如: Hearing the bad news, they couldn’t help crying. =When______________________, they couldn’t help crying. 当听到这个不幸的消息时,他们情不自禁地哭了起来。 Having received his letter, I decided to write back. =After_______________________, I decided to write back. 收到他的信后,我决定给他回信。 注意:当v-ing形式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前时,应使用完成式:having done _______________(finish) his homework, he rushed out to play basketball. 2. 作原因状语 -ing短语作原因状语置于句首。如:Being so angry, he couldn’t go to sleep. =Because__________________, he couldn’t go to sleep. 因为太生气了,他不能入睡。Having been to the Great Wall many times, he didn’t go last week. =_______________he had been to the Great Wall many times, he didn’t go last week. 因为 他已经去过长城许多次,上周他就没去。 3. 作条件状语 -ing作条件状语置于句首或句末。如:Working hard, you will succeed. =If______________, you will succeed. 如果你勤奋一点,你就会成功。

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