目录
Part 1 …………………………………………………………………………3-12 Part 2…………………………………………………………………………13-23 Part 3…………………………………………………………………………24-34 Part 4…………………………………………………………………………35-46 Exercise 1……………………………………………………………………47-54 Exercise 2……………………………………………………………………55-62 Exercise 3……………………………………………………………………63-70 Exercise 4……………………………………………………………………71-78 Exercise 5……………………………………………………………………79-86
part 1
一、报刊速读
Chang's dream comes true
—from teens senior edition of ” 21st century English newspapers” (二十一世纪中学生英文报)
YOU may have seen her first in TV dramas, but she won your heart with her songs. You may still be listening to her hits "Fable" (《寓言》) and "Invisible Wings" (《隐形的翅膀》). But guess what, 25-year-old Taiwanese singer Angela Chang is now inviting you on another musical journey.
Her fourth CD "Flower in the Wonderland" (《梦里花》) will come out on January 12. Believe it or not, Chang said the idea for the song came in a dream she had. "I dreamt several times of someone singing a beautiful tune (曲子)," she said. "I could not tell what it was about, but I loved it."
The song itself is like a dream, with an ancient castle (城堡) in a desert (沙漠). But Chang's message shows she has her eyes wide open. "I never despair (绝望) even if I am hurt," she sings. "I will fight on with hope."
The new CD may remind you of her earlier works such as "Over the Rainbow" and "Pandora". Her songs may have dreamy words, but their message is always "in life you need to be strong and brave".
In fact, strength and bravery are the secrets of Chang's success. Chang topped several singing contests when she was in high school. However, at the beginning it was very difficult for her to get into the music business. Chang auditioned (试唱) for several record companies but was turned down for looking too young and small. When she was finally offered a contract(合约) in 2002, she burst into tears.
Although she is a talented singer, Chang had to wait a while for her professional career to begin. She started as an actress, appearing in "MVP Valentine" (《MVP 情人》) and "At the Dolphin Bay" (《海豚湾恋人》). "I didn't know when the company would let me do music, but I kept on telling myself that there was hope ahead and that I should never give up ," she said.
When Chang released her first album in 2004 people thought she was just "another actress who thinks she can sing!" But she has proved them wrong. She may be small but she has a big, big voice, "The dreams that you dare to dream really do come true ," said Chang.
二、新闻理解
1,When will Chang’s fourth CD come out?
2,What are Chang’s secrets of success?
3,Can you tell us two dramas in which Chang plays a role?
4,Can you tell us about her popular songs mentioned in the news?
三、题材分析
a)Please pay attention to the words or expressions usually used in the
entertainment news.
b)Please look at the names of songs and dramas. What punctuation(标点符号)
does the author use? (quotation marks and italic 引号并斜体)
四、小组讨论
Do you think it good to turn one's hobby into a future career? Have a discussion on this topic.
五、资料补充
明星英文名字
刘德华 Andy 梁朝伟Tony郑秀文 Sammi 梁咏琪GiGi 陈冠希Edison罗志祥Show
李纹 Coco 莫文蔚Karen林嘉欣Karena 周丽淇Niki 郑伊健Ekin 潘玮柏Wilpan
周杰伦Jay 蔡依林Jolin潘伟柏 Will 房祖名Jaycee 陈小春Jordon 关之琳Rosamund
陈冠希Edison 罗志祥Show梁静茹Fish 陈慧琳Kelly 周迅Jue古天乐Louis
刘若英Rene 周慧敏Vivian张韶涵Angela 杨千桦Miriam黎明Leon
林俊杰JJ 孙燕姿Stefanie 胡彦斌Anson 蔡卓研Charlene王心凌Cyndi
六、报刊介绍
第一部分：国内
《二十一世纪中学生英文报》是一份专为中学生设计的英语时事周报，报道中学生读者关心的时事和热点问题，旨在提高中学生英语学习兴趣，提高学生综合运用语言进行真实交际的能力；该报共有八版：Front Page，Our World ，Campus Trends（校园热点）， Culture （社会文化）， Leisure（运动休闲），Science Life（科技生活），Learning With Us ，Fun Time（开心驿站）。报刊内容丰富多彩，贴近学生生活世界，贴近时代；报刊英语清新、简练、妙趣横生，它浅显易懂、纯正地道，富有感染力，她将激发你学习的热情；它切合你的英语阅读水平，适合你的口味，关注你的心理需求，挖掘你的阅读潜力，能迅速扩大你的词汇量、阅读量，使你养成用英语思维的习惯；它开阔你的视野，提高你的人文素养，培养跨东西方文化的意识。《二十一世纪中学生英文报》将带你走向世界的政治、经济、科学文化、军事及社会生活等领域，它信息量大，是英语教科书无法代替的。在课堂上，我们如充分利用现代化的教学手段，开展阅读、讨论、合作探究、汇报、辩论、竞赛等喜闻乐见教学活动，师生间、生生间多维互动交流，碰撞出智慧的火花。
另外，值得中学生去关注的报刊或网站电台还有《上海学生英文报》、《中国日报》、新浪英语、ＣＲＩ（中国国际广播电台）、沪江英语等。
七、新闻理论
如何理解英文报刊中新闻标题的时态
?动词表示一种动态，新闻标题在浓缩新闻内容时，如能恰倒好处地用上一个动词，就能增色不少，给人以形象生动、跃然纸上的感觉。标题中用了动词，固然好处不少，但也给我们阅读英文报刊增加了一个困难。
我们知道，英语中的动词有时态的变化，在英语新闻标题中也不例外。但由于新闻标题必须言简意赅，不可能采用英语的完整时态形式来浓缩新闻事实。为此，新闻标题形成了自身的独有的时态特点，以达到使动词既传情达意，又具时间感的目的。英文报刊的标题中一般不用过去时态，当然更不用过去完成时等时态，而采用现在时态，使读者阅读是有如置身与这条新闻事件中之感觉，这叫做“新闻现在时”（journalistic present tense）与文学写作中的“历史现在时”(historical present tense)实际上完全一样。所以，英语新闻标题中常用的动词时态主要有三种：一般现在时、将来时和现在进行时。现分述如下：
1）一般现在时通常被用来表示过去发生的事
?通常情况下，报刊所载消息多为已发生过的事，按日常英语语法，标题中的动词应使用过去时态，但是这样容易给人产生一种陈旧感，似有“昨日黄花”之嫌，缺乏吸引力。为了弥补这一缺陷，英语新闻标题常用一般现在时从形式上来增强报道的新鲜感(freshness)现实感(reality) 直接感(immediacy)。此外，标题构成形式采用动词的一般现在时还可省去动词过去形式中常见的“ed”两个字母，节省标题词数。正因为一般现在时在英语新闻标题中的这一特殊用法，初读英语报纸的读者应特别注意这一现象，不要把它误以为是日常英语语法中的一般现在时，从而影响对全文内容的阅读与理解。
? Toxic mushroom kills 6 farmers.(=Toxic mushroom killed 6 farmers.)
?2将来时更多地直接采用动词不定式来表达
?英语新闻标题中动词将来时的表达形式除一般将来时“will+动词原形”外，更多的还是采用“连系动词be+动词不定式”结构，其中连系动词 be 通常省略，以节省标题词数。换言之，动词不定式在英语新闻标题中可直接表示未来动作，这是因为不定式标志“to ”只由两个字母构成，不一般将来时中的“will”来得少，故频频见诸报端。例如：
?China to play a more important role in new century.
?(=China is to play a more important role in the new century.)
?Party to embrace nonpublic sector.(=The party will embrace the nonpublic sector.)
3)现在分词直接表示正在进行的动作或事件。
表示?对于正在发生的事态或动作，英语新闻标题也按日常英语语法规则处理，采用现在进行时“be +现在分词”这一形式，但其中“be”有通常省略。因此，剩下的现在分词便在新闻标题中直接表示正在进行的动作或正在发展的事态。例如：
?Pupils recovering from milk poisoning.(=The pupils are recovering from milk poisoning.)
?Sheer price cut not working well.(=Sheer price cut is not working well.)
八、读报技巧
掌握英语快速阅读
阅读课是一门主课。它的目的是扩大阅读范围，增加词汇数量，提高阅读速度，丰富语言知识，增强英语语感，培养学生独立阅读和广泛阅读的能力，为达到此目的，如果只是采用传统的阅读方法，通过学习词汇和进行语法分析来学习阅读是收不到预期效果的，只有通过学习阅读技巧，才能达到提高阅读理解能力和提高阅读速度的目的。因此下面我们探讨一下快速阅读技巧。
所谓快速阅读就是利用视觉运动的规律，通过一定的方法训练，在较短的时间里阅读大量的书报资料的一种科学的学习方法。快速阅读这一概念的内涵应有以下几个属性构成：
①阅读文学材料的快速
②阅读文学材料的无声性
③阅读方法的科学性
1、阅读文学材料的快速性
要想达到此目的，关键是眼肌即用特殊方法，使眼肌能灵活自如，达到视角，视幅，视停，视移等视觉最佳状态。使视线如行云流水般地快速阅读，训练方法可按手指法(即目光随着手指左右，上下移动，头不要摇动)，图谱法(如点，圆，抛物线等图形目光沿着图形而快速移动)，词谱法，投影仪进行快速阅读的基本功训练。当眼肌能训练适应之后，可采用快速阅读初级方法之一：跳读法。所谓跳读法就是指眼光从一个"字群"跳到另一个"字群"进行识读(字群是由多个单词组成的)这个过程眼球按"凝视--跳跃--凝视"的程序进行连续，不断运动，如：
The man in /the brown coat/was reading a book。
当跳读练习熟练之后，我们可进行练习扩大视力识读文字的单位面积的训练。首先进行五个单词的练习，练习是主视区总应放在中间，也就是主视中间的3个单词，两边单词用余视力扫视。如：
/We/have a colour/TV
在练习五个单词达到熟练之后，就可加宽视区练习，一下看六个单词，七个单词，甚至达到九个单词，逐渐加宽视区范围，延长目光移视长度，这样就能缩短凝视时间，达到快速
阅读的目的。
2、阅读文字材料的无声性
上面我们介绍的只是快速阅读的先决条件，速读的关键还在于"无声"训练，在阅读速度上，无声要比有声快，这是因为有声阅读是眼，脑，口，耳四个器官一起活动，文字符号反映到眼睛，再传到大脑，大脑命令嘴发音，耳在监听辨别正确与否。而无声阅读只是运用眼和脑两大器官，省去了口的发音和耳朵的监听，因而它的速度要快，快速阅读的信息变换方式为：书面信息->眼睛扫描信息->大脑记忆中枢的信息。因此我们应用特殊的方法和手段消除读音和心音，特殊手段就是用自身单声调鼻音，单声调心声或外界背景音乐抵消并消除读音和心音的手段，对特殊顽固的不发音不能阅读的人，还可用一套自创歌曲，边唱边读，最后达到无音阅读。
3、阅读方法的科学性
我们在阅读的时候，必须通过直觉，联想，相象，逻辑分析和综合判断等一系列思维活动，才能把顺次进入视觉的一连串文字信号转换成概念和思想，完成阅读过程，要完成其过程，必须进行科学阅读，进行科学阅读应具备以下几个条件：
①自信心：一个人要想在快速阅读上获得成功，首先要有自信心，在快速阅读时，自信心是很重要的，只要我们坚信我们能成功，通过长期苦练就会实现的。
②集中注意力：快速阅读的同时还要求快速记忆，这就要求在阅读时，不仅要阅读，而且要记，要理解，这是一个高难度的思维活动，没有集中的注意力是很难保证"速读"的完成。
③快速理解--快速阅读的催化剂。"理解"就是利用已有的知识经验，去获得新的知识经验，并把新的知识经验纳入已有的知识经验系统中，理解可分为直接理解和间接理解。直接理解就是在瞬息之间立刻实现的，不需要任何中间思维过程，与知觉融合在一起，在这种情况下，主要是通过瞬间忆起以前所得的知识，选取立刻所需要的知识。而间接理解的实现需要通过一系列复杂的分析综合活动，快速阅读用的是中间理解法，它包括：推断法：实行快速阅读的人往往根据几个单词推断出一个句子，由句子推知整个段落的意思，这就需要多读书，知识积累越多，知识面越宽，理解力越强，快速阅读中的推断能力才能越高。正是由于这种推断，眼睛才能停顿到最有信息含义的地方上。英语中使用的推断法之一是学会略过哪些无关紧要的词汇。
如：The usual life span for shanghai men is 72 years。如果我们阅读时不知道“span”的词义，我们也完全可以看懂句子意思是"通常上海男子的寿命是72岁"。推断法之二是利用英语构词法推断词义，构词法由转换，派生与合成三部分构成。
④抓住关键词句：为了提高阅读速度首先应抓住关键词句，因为它是联接上下文的纽带，快速阅读时只注意瞬时关键词，其它便可迎刃而解，抓住关键句子也就是找出主题句，主题句是文章中用来概括大意的句子，主题句往往是每个段落的第一个句子，有时可能是最后一个句子，在特殊情况下可能出现在段落当中，通过识别主题句，可以快速，准确地抓住文章中各个段落的主要意思，如果能把每一段落的大意抓住了，那么全篇文章的中心思想也就把握住了，在阅读中识别主题句，并准确理解其意思，可帮助我们了解作者的行文思路，分析文章的内容结构，搞清楚各个段落之间的逻辑关系，有利于提高阅读的速度和理解的准确性。
⑤快速阅读能促使快速记忆。快速阅读时人的注意力高度集中，连续的快速阅读是一种强化活动，强化活动能够巩固和促进快速记忆的成果。强化记忆有三个层次：一是死记硬背(这是必要的，不可缺少的层次)。二是联想记忆。三是理解记忆。以阅读现代记叙文类(童话故事，作文选等)为例：要求硬记的是文题，作者，文中时间，地点，人物，姓名，名人名句等;要求联想记忆的故事情节(事件起因，事件发展，关键情节，高潮情节，事件结局);要求理解记忆的关键词，关键句，中心语，段首语，事件性质，人物命运，作者态度，人称变化，词语概念，文章含义或中心思想等等。总之，快速阅读能促进理解的质量，促进理解
的速度，促进快速记忆。
九、考试实战
（一）版权保护
难度：＊＊＊＊＊词数：261 标准时间：5分钟完成时间：______ 正确数：______
Having finished her homework， Ma Li wants some music for relaxation①。 As usual，she starts her computer and goes to https://www.doczj.com/doc/5617101848.html, to download music files. But this time she is surprised when an announcement about protecting songs' copyright bursts onto the screen. The age of free music and movie downloads may have come to an end as Web companies like Baidu are accused of pirating copyright. Lawsuits② have been filed against four websites offering free downloads. In September 2005， a Beijing court ordered Baidu to pay recording company Shanghai Push compensation for their losses. Baidu was also told to block the links to the pirated music on the website. This caused a heated discussion on Interact file sharing. "Baidu's defeat in the lawsuit shows it is not right to get copyrighted songs without paying. Downloaders may face lawsuits or fines，" said an official. Like many teens， Huang Ruoru， an 18-year-old girl from Puning in Guangdong Province， doesn't think that getting music from websites is wrong. She always shares her favourite songs downloaded from Baidu with her friends. When told about the lawsuit， she began to feel a little guilty about obtaining others' work without paying. However，other teenagers have different ideas. Wang Yafei， a Senior 2 girl from Jinan， Shandong Province pointed out that file sharing is a good way to promote pop singers. "If I download a song and really like it， I will buy the CD，" she said. "So what the recording companies really should concentrate on is improving their music， rather than pursuing③file-sharers."
Notes：
① relaxation n. 娱乐
② lawsuit n. 诉讼
③ pursue vt. 追赶，追击
Choose the best answers according to the above：
（） 1. Which of the following best describes the passage？
A. Music on the Internet is of better quality.
B. Downloading material can be illegal.
C. It's good to get free music on the Internet.
D. Baidu is a popular web company.
（） 2. The four web companies were put to court because _________.
A. they got copyrighted songs without paying
B. they downloaded copyrighted music for people
C. they make copyrighted files for free downloads
D. they offer free music on line
（） 3. How do some of the teenagers feel while downloading free music after the lawsuit？
A. A bit guilty.
B. A little sad.
C. Extremely angry.
D. Awfully sorry.
（） 4. What's the advantage of tile sharing for recording companies？
A. Getting more money from web companies.
B. Enabling people to download favorite songs.
C. Helping to improve the music.
D. Making pop singers more popular.
（） 5. It can be inferred from the text that _________.
A. Web companies are still ignoring the copyright laws.
B. Teenagers haven't got money to buy CDs.
C. Teenagers are probably still downloading free music.
D. Teenagers prefer CDs with copyright to pirated music.
「解析」
1. B 主旨大意题。其他选项都太片面，只有B能较好概括文章的内容。
2. C 细节理解题。根据第一段的句子Lawsuits have been filed against four websites offering free downloads.可知这四家网络公司被起诉的原因。
3. A 细节理解题。从第三段最后一句可知正确答案。
4. D 细节理解题。从最后一段第二句…pointed out that file sharing is a good way to promote pop singers.可知正确答案。
5. C 推理判断题。其他选项与文章内容不符。
（二）Kung Fu Hustle Creates the Top-grossing（《功夫》创造最高票房收入）
难度：＊＊＊＊＊词数：296 标准时间：6分钟完成时间：______ 正确数：______
It’s no surprise why Kung Fu Hustle is the top-grossing① homegrown movie in Hong Kong. Hustle’s approach to a simple good-against-evil plot is extremely cheerful.
Humor bordering on slapstick combined with exciting choreography② by Yuen Wo Ping, who masterminded③ the fight scenes in Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon and The Matrix, make Kung Fu Hustle a lively, visual treat.
There is plenty of violence, but it’s largely cartoonish. Stephen Chow wrote, directed, produced and stars in this non-stop action movie, which is in Cantonese with English subtitles④.
Chow plays Sing, an eager young man who longs to be a member of the powerful and cruel Axe Gang. When gang members appear on the scene, sometimes dancing with their frightening axes in hand, the sky breaks out with fireworks. The sets are shocking, with classic cars lining the neon-lighted streets and gambling casinos ⑤ serving as the backdrop to the underworld activities. All these give off the
sensation of Old West shootouts.
One neighborhood is blessedly away from the disorder. Pig Sty Alley is so poverty-stricken it holds no interest for the Axe Gang. Then in wanders the unlucky Sing, who attempts to get money there. But folks are not what they seem: The town is full of kung fu masters.
Sing tries to single out someone he can fight, but it seems as if everyone, elderly and very young alike, has a body like Charles Atlas. During the time, Sing calls upon the Axe Gang, which faces off against the people of Pig Sty Alley, led by the town’ s landlords, the powerful lady in curlers and her husband. Fans of kung fu movies will have a rip-roaring time, but even moviegoers are sure to enjoy spirited action of Kung Fu Hustle.
Notes:
① top-grossing adj. 票房收入最高的
② choreography n. 舞蹈术
③ mastermind vt. 策划
④ subtitle n. 说明对白的字幕
⑤ gambling casino 赌博场
Choose the best answers according to the above:
( ) 1. Which of the following characters does the passage mainly describe?
A. Stephen Chow
B. Yuen Wo Ping
C. Sing
D. Charles Atlas ( ) 2. Kung Fu Hustle becomes the top-grossing homegrown movie in Hong Kong because _______.
A. it is full of humor and exciting action
B. it is full of cartoonish characters
B. it is mainly made up of dance D. it is a non-stop action movie ( ) 3. Which of the following about the Axe Gang is TRUE?
A. The Axe Gang is popular with fans of kung fu movies.
B. The Axe Gang is always easy do good things.
C. The Axe Gang doesn’t know how to use guns.
D. The Axe Gang often fights against its enemy using the axes.
( ) 4. In which part are you likely to find it if the passage appears in the web site?
A. Entertainment.
B. Travel.
C. News.
D. Books.
【解析】
1. C 细节理解题。整篇文章主要介绍了影片中的人物：Sing。
2. A 细节理解题。由文章的第二段和最后一段可知，这部电影之所以吸引人，关键是这部影片具有幽默、刺激的舞蹈及动作。
3. D 细节理解题。由文章的第四段第二句可知。
4. A 推理判断题。本篇文章是介绍电影Kung Fu Hustle的，因此它很可能出现在entertainment（娱乐）版面上。
十、课后练兵
（一）East Music Awards Winners Announced
Chinese mainland R&B singer Hu Yanbin and pop singer Jin Haixin were honored as best male and female singer respectively at this year's East Music Awards Sunday night.
Over twenty musicians claimed honors at the oldest award in the Chinese mainland for original music, held at the Shanghai Grand Stage.
Hong Kong star Eason Chan and Taiwan pop queen Jolin Tsai were among the "five top musicians for Chinese music."
Unlike previous years, this year's awards were more generous for newcomers to the Chinese music scene, especially the supernovas rising from popular singing competitions.
Zhou Bichang, runner-up in 2005's Super Girl competition, took home the "outstanding performance of the year." Her hit "Phone Number" was also on the list of "top ten golden songs."
"The Young Battlefield" performed by heart-throbs from the contest "My Hero" was also picked for the list
（二）Don't wanna grow up
WHAT is the top hit single of 2006? It's "Don't Wanna Grow Up"!
Taiwan girl band S. H. E took home the gold hit award at the 2006 Hong Kong TVB8 Top Chart Awards (金曲榜) last week, with "Don't Wanna Grow Up" from their eighth album "Once Upon A Time".
It's the first time S.H.E has won the award. The three members, Selina, Hebe and Ella were all very excited about it. They not only performed the song at the award ceremony, but also offered exaggerated (夸张的) hugs (拥抱) when giving awards to other artists.
"Don't Wanna Grow Up" is a song with light tunes (旋律) and easy lyrics. Its music writer Zuo Anan used the tunes from Mozart's Symphony No 40 as the refrain (副歌). That gives the song a very classical feeling. The song has a similar theme to that of Peter Pan, the boy who doesn't grow up. "I don't wanna grow up. When I grow up there won't be fairy tales in the world. I don't wanna grow up. I'd rather be ignorant and foolish." In the song, S.H.E expresses young people's common fear of the adult world and the desire to stay young forever.
The song has been quite popular among high school students since it came out. Xiao
Xue, a Senior 1 student from Shanghai, said that she often hums (哼歌) the refrain part herself.
"I like the lyrics too," she said, "I often wish that I could go back to my childhood, when I had enough time to play and didn't have to worry about all the exams."
S.H.E said that the song also expresses their true feelings. Their rocking success in the past six years has led to the three young girls heavy workloads(工作量) and forced them to grow up very quickly. "When we first started singing, we were quite carefree and we had our own musical dreams," said S.H.E. "'Don't Wanna Grow Up' reminds us of those happy times and of our original dreams."
part 2
一、报刊速读
Nash lifts Suns high 2007-01-08
PHOENIX Suns guard Steve Nash seems to get better with age. On the last day of 2006, he helped Pheonix beat Detroit in a difficult game.
The 32-year-old Nash had 35 points and 12 assists (助攻) . But it was his leadership (领导才能) that really made the difference. "He is the best player on the face of the earth," said Chicago Bulls coach Scott Skiles. "I don't think anyone else is even close."
Nash has changed the face of the modern-day NBA basketball game. Just a few years ago, teams wanted big powerful players like Shaquille O'Neal. The idea was to overpower (牵制) the other team. Now, teams feel they need speed. And no one is quicker than Nash. His team, Phoenix, has scored (进球) more points than any other club over the last few seasons. This year the Suns are scoring on average 111.1 points per game.
Nash has made his mark in the NBA by being polite, hard-working and a great teammate. Because of this, he has always felt uncomfortable receiving individual (个人的) awards. "There are so many great players out there I don't know if I deserve (应得) these honours. People always say that I make my teammates better, but I think my teammates make me better," said Nash, when he won his second MVP award in May, 2006. He meant what he said. He invited all of his teammates on to the stage (舞台) to share the award with him.
Recently, Nash was named Canada's athlete of the year. It is the third time he has won the award. But Nash still says that winning basketball games is all that matters to him.
"I don't spend a whole lot of time thinking about awards, to be honest," Nash said. "I'm just busy trying to win games, and trying to get better every game and trying to be a good teammate. Just enjoying life."
二、新闻理解
1，In which team does Steve Nash play in, Pheonix or Detroit?
2，How many points did Nash score in the game against Detroit?
3，What award did Nash win in May, 2006?
4，What is Nash’s nationality?
三、题材分析
１，Pay attention to the underlined words and expressions which appear in sports news quite often.
２，Please find out the numbers in this piece of news. What are they all about?
四、小组讨论
Share your favorite sport or your favorite athlete with your partner.
五、资料补充
竞技性运动competitive sport 出名 make one's mark体育项目（尤指重要比赛） event
体育 PE Physical Education年少者 junior残疾人 the handicapped/disab
历史悠久的 time-honor跳板 spring-board秋千 swing
（比赛等的）观众 spectator落后 lag behin 武术 martial arts
五禽戏 five-animal exercises体育运动 physical culture and sports
增强体质 to strengthen one's physique称号，绰号 label涌现出来 to come to
体育界 sports circle黑马 dark horse冷门 an unexpected winner; dark horse
爆冷门 to produce an unexpected win为祖国争光 to win honors for the motherland 体育道德 sportsmanship打出水平，打出风格 up to one's best level in skill and style of play竞技状态好 in good form 失常 to lose one's usual form
比分领先 to outscore 打成平局 to draw/to tie/to play even/to level the score 中华人民共和国运动委员会（国家体委）Physical Culture and Sports Commission of the PRC (State Physical Culture and Sports Commission)
中华全国体育总会 All-China Sports Federation国际奥林匹克委员会 International Olympic Committee
少年业余体育学校 youth spare-time sports school, youth amateur athletic school 辅导站 coaching center 体育中心 sports center/complex
竞赛信息中心 competition information center
运动会 sports meet; athletic meeting; games 全国运动会 National Games
世界大学生运动会 World University Games; Universiade
比赛地点 competition/sports venue(s) 国际比赛 international tournament
邀请赛 invitational/invitational tournament 锦标赛 championship
东道国 host country/nation体育场 stadium; sports field/ground
体育馆 gymnasium, gym; indoor stadium 练习场馆 training gymnasiums
操场 playground; sports ground; drill ground
体育活动 sports/sporting activities体育锻炼 physical training
体育锻炼标准 standard for physical trainin广播操 setting-up exercises to music 课/工间操 physical exercises during breaks体育工作者 physical culture workers,
sports organizer运动爱好者 sports fan/enthusiast 观众 spectator
啦啦队 cheering-section啦啦队长 cheer-leader国家队 national team
种子队 seeded team主队 home team 客队 visiting team教练员 coach
裁判员 referee, umpire裁判长 chief referee 团体项目 team event
单项 individual event男子项目 men's event 女子项目 women's event
冠军 champion; gold medalist 全能冠军 all-round champion亚军 running-up; second; silver medalist第三名 third; bronze medalist世界纪录保持者 world-record holder 运动员 athlete; sportsman种子选手 seeded player; seed
优秀选手 top-ranking/topnotch athlete田径运动 track and field; athletics
田赛 field events 竞赛 track events跳高 high jump
撑杆跳高 pole jump; polevault跳远 long/broad jump
三级跳远 hop, step and jump; triple jump标枪 javelin throw 铅球 shot put
铁饼 discus throw 链球 hammer throw 马拉松赛跑 Marathon (race)接力 relay race; relay 跨栏比赛 hurdles; hurdle race双杠 parallel bars
高低杠 uneven bars; high-low bars 吊环 rings跳马 vaulting horse
鞍马 pommel horse 平衡木 balance beam球类运动 ball games
足球场 field; pitc 篮球场 basketball court羽毛球 shuttlecock; shuttle
球拍 racket网球 tennis棒球 baseball垒球 softball
棒/垒球场 baseball(soft ball)field/ground手球 handball手球场 handball field
曲棍球 hockey; field hockey 冰上运动 ice sports 冰球运动 ice hockey
冰球场 rink冰球 puck; rubber速度滑冰 speed skating 花样滑冰 figure skating
冰场 skating rink; ice rink人工冰场 artificial ice stadium 滑雪 skiing
速度滑雪 cross country ski racing 高山滑雪 alpine skiing
水上运动 water/acquatic sports水上运动中心 aquatic sports center
水球（运动）water polo 水球playingpool滑水 water-skiing冲浪 surfing
游泳池 swimming pool游泳馆 natatorium自由泳 freestyle; crawl (stroke)
蛙泳 breaststroke 侧泳 sidestroke蝶泳 butterfly (stroke)
海豚式 dolphin stroke/kick 蹼泳 fin swimming跳水 diving
跳台跳水 platform diving 跳板跳水 springboard diving赛艇运动 rowing
滑艇/皮艇 canoeing帆船运动 yachting; sailing赛龙船 dragon-boat racing
室内运动 indoor sports举重 weightlifting重量级 heavyweight中量级 middleweight 轻量级 lightweight 拳击 boxing摔交 wresting击剑 fencing射击 shooting
靶场 shooting range射箭 arch气功 qigong; breathing exercises
自行车运动 cycling; cycle racing赛车场（自行车等的）倾斜赛车场 cycling track
室内自行车赛场 indoor velodrome登山运动 mountaineering; mountain-climbing
骑术 horsemanship赛马场 equestrian park国际象棋 (international) chess
拔河 tug-of-war
六、报刊介绍
英国报刊杂志介绍
1,英国全国性高级报纸有：
1)《泰晤士报》 Times：https://www.doczj.com/doc/5617101848.html,
2)《卫报》 The Guardian：https://www.doczj.com/doc/5617101848.html,/home/rw
3)《星期日电讯报》 Sunday Dispatch：
4)《观察家报》 The Observer：https://www.doczj.com/doc/5617101848.html,/
2,英国全国性通俗报纸有：
1)《每日快报》 The Daily Express：https://www.doczj.com/doc/5617101848.html,/
2)《每日镜报》 Daily Mirror：https://www.doczj.com/doc/5617101848.html, （一个很有特点的英语新闻网站）
3,地方性报纸
它主要以刊登本地新闻和广告为主,具有浓厚的地方特色。包括晨报、晚报、周报、3日刊。
1)《格拉斯哥先驱报》 (Glasgow Herald) https://www.doczj.com/doc/5617101848.html,/
2)《新闻晚报》 (The Evening News)：https://www.doczj.com/doc/5617101848.html,
3)《卫报》(The Guardian)：原名《曼彻斯特卫报》(The Man- Chester Guardian),1821年创刊于曼彻斯特，后迁伦敦，1959年改称《卫报》.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/5617101848.html,/home/rw
4)《每日电讯报》(The Daily Telegraph) ：1855年于伦敦创刊，该报以“时效性”而著称。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/5617101848.html,
6)《每日快报》(The Daily Express) ：1900年由比弗布鲁克爵士 ( Lord Beaverbrook) 在伦敦创刊。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/5617101848.html,/
7)《镜报》(The Mirror) ：1903年创刊，1985年以前名为《每日镜报》(Daily Mirror) 。https://www.doczj.com/doc/5617101848.html,
8)《旁观者》(The Spectator) ：创刊于1828年，是英国全国性周刊中历史最久的杂志。https://www.doczj.com/doc/5617101848.html,
9)《妇女界》(The Woman’s Own) ：1932年创刊，是图文并茂的妇女月刊，女性朋友必看。https://www.doczj.com/doc/5617101848.html,/
10)《泰晤士报文学增刊》(The Times Literary Supplement, The TLS) ：每周出一期，是英国最有影响的文学周刊之一。
https://www.doczj.com/doc/5617101848.html,
11）《侦探》 (Private Eye)：https://www.doczj.com/doc/5617101848.html, （非常不错的漫画类杂志）
12) 《听众》 (The Listener) https://www.doczj.com/doc/5617101848.html,
13）《闲暇》 (Time Out) https://www.doczj.com/doc/5617101848.html,/
14）《自然》 (Nature) https://www.doczj.com/doc/5617101848.html,/ch/gta/index.php 简单介绍：《自然》系列期刊是由每周出版的多学科《自然》杂志和8种每月出版的期刊组成。《自然》杂志发表在某一学科内具有高最影响、其它领域的科学家也会感兴趣的研究工作；8种学术期刊的名称是根据其报道领域命名的，它们都发表在其领域中质量最高、影响力显著的论文，这8种期刊的名称分别是：《自然生物技术》、《自然细胞生物学》、《自然遗传学》、《自然免疫学》、《自然材料学》、《自然医学》、《自然方法学》、《自然结构和分子生物学》。所有的这些期刊都是国际性的，它们在美国、英国和日本出版和印刷。
15）《科学通讯》 (Science News) https://www.doczj.com/doc/5617101848.html,
16）《新科学家》 (New Scientist) https://www.doczj.com/doc/5617101848.html,
17）《未来音乐》 (Future Music) https://www.doczj.com/doc/5617101848.html,
七、新闻理论
英文报刊标题的特点
1，冠词基本省略。
·Roman Gladiator Faces Jail for Bearing Sword
(=A Roman Gladiator Faces Jail for Bearing A Sword)
私自佩剑有悖法律,"角斗士"面临牢狱之灾
·Three Gorges Flooded by 'Farewelll' Tourists
（＝The Three Gorges Flooded by 'Farewelll' Tourists）
惜别之情难以挡游客蜂拥至三峡
2，动词通常省略。
Europe top of the world charts for quality of life(=Europe is top of the world charts for the quality of life)世界适宜居住城市评选，欧洲城市名列前矛.Rival Says Miss France Too Short to Carry Crown(=Rival Says Miss France IS Too Short to Carry Crown 选美大赛再起争议，"法国小姐"身高不足
Three Dead after Inhaling Oven Gas
（＝Three Are Dead after Inhaling Oven G as）吸入炉灶煤气三人窒息身亡
3，助动词通常省略。
Firm Marketing Parachute for Office Workers(=A Firm IS Marketing Parachute for Office Workers)
高层逃生术别具匠心逃生降落伞及时问世
Koalas Stranded by Travel Woes(=Koalas ARE Stranded by Travel Woes
航运受控考拉被困·New words coined after September 11
(=New words have been coined after September 11)9·11影响语言发展，新造词"Ground Zero"成为2001年美国流行词语
4，and常省略，并用逗号代替
Bin Laden, Bush Face Off at Hong Kong Toy Fair(=Bin Laden And Bush Face Off at Hong Kong Toy Fair)
布什、拉登香港玩具市场"大比拼". US，VIETNAM RESUME TALKS
（＝US AND VIETNAM RESUME TALKS）美越恢复会谈
NBC'S PRESIDENT ROBERT WRIGHT SEEKS BIG ACQUISITI0NS，VENTURES FOR
THE NETWORK
（=NBC'S PRESIDENT ROBERT WRIGHT SEEKS BIG ACQUISTIONS AND VENTURES FOR THE NETWORK）
“强有力的伙伴”+“可观的投资”——罗伯特董事长为NBC网络扩展而奔走。此外，英语新闻标题还经常省去介词、代词等，这些词的省略并不妨碍读者的理解。
4,use simple, easy words, like rhyming words:
"Hall Fall!"
Seton Hall是美国新泽西一大学,蓝球队输了比赛,第二天体育新闻的标题就是这么写的.
5, Use titles from famous novels.
"A tale of two cities"狄更斯的"双城记"常被用在标题上.
6,Use movie titles or movies lines.
"A Few Good Man!"
" Mission Impossible!"
"Men in Black"
"You can't handle the truth!"(From a few good man )
7,Use popular commercial lines.
"It's Miller Time"讲NBA的Reggie Miller(已退休)前一天的比赛如何神勇.
8,Use alliterations(头韵)
Funny Farmers""Super Shaq"(NBA player)
9, Make personal connections.跟当事人有联系的事
"Unbroke my Heart"这是美国歌星Toni Braxton唱的一首很有名的歌,这篇文章是说Toni Braxton患了罕见的心臓病,她在呼吁人们要及早注意心臓检查和维护
八、读报技巧
了解新闻背景
英语报刊很多时候会涉及西方的风俗习惯和各种文化、历史背景，此类隐含在文章里的背景知识，对于不熟悉西方社会和文化的人来说，如果文章的作者没有把必要的背景知识交待清楚的话，看懂以后却不一定真懂。
例如美国在报道白宫遭枪击以后Treasury secretary（财政部长）出面处理此事，看了以后感到难以理解。其实由于历史的原因， Treasury Secretary is in charge of the secret services to protect President（美国财政部长负责秘密保护总统的安全）。
又例如一篇介绍美国某电话网的文章中有这样一段话：“It provides 800 telephone service。”望文生义，这句话的意思似乎是“该电话网提供800个电话服务”。这样理解从语法上讲是没有什么错的，但意思完全不对。在美国，打不收费的长途电话时要加拨字冠800个数字。这句话的意思是“该网提供800不收费电话服务。”
看英语新闻时，还会碰到大量涉及新闻事件背景的词语。这些词语，就其表面的含义而言，并不难理解，但是如果不知道它们在新闻报导中的特定意义，往往会成为理解整条新闻的一个障碍。例如：
they sleep in Bradley （Brad1ey是美国一种坦克的名字，即美国兵睡在坦克里） the Gulf War（1991年以前指两伊战争，川91年以后指对伊拉克的战争） West Bank （约旦河西岸） Camp David Accord （有关中和平的戴维营协议） Dayton Peace Accord （有关波黑问题的代顿和平协议）等等。 Water gate（水门事件，即美国前总统尼克松任内发生的窃听电话的丑闻。从此，gate一词在特定的环境下与scanda1同义，例如lran gate 指美国向伊朗秘密出售武器一事。）
不经常听广播和看英语报纸的人，碰到这些词，可能会感到很生疏。认得单个的词，但不知道在该条新闻中的具体含义。只要平日多听英语广播和多看英语报纸，这些问题都是不难解决的。今天的消息会成为明天的背景知识。
九、考试实战
（一）动物能预感到自然灾难
Animals Can Sense Natural Disasters
难度：＊＊＊＊＊词数：268 标准时间：5分钟完成时间：______ 正确数：______
Among the dead in South Asia's tsunami① were many tourists at Sri Lanka's national wildlife park at Yala. But very few of the park's animals - elephants，buffaloes， monkeys and wild cats - appear to have died. There are theories that animals can sense natural disasters and flee to safety. First， it's possible that the animals may have heard the quake before the tsunami hit. The underwater rupture likely produced sound waves known as infrasound② or infrasonic sound. Humans can't hear infrasound， but many animals including dogs， elephants， tigers and pigeons can. A second early warning sign the animals might have sensed is ground vibration ③。 The massive quake would have produced vibrational waves known as Rayleigh waves. These vibrations move through the ground like waves move on the surface of the ocean
but faster. They travel at ten times the speed of sound. The Rayleigh waves would have reached SriLanka hours before the water hit. Mammals， birds， insects and spiders can sense Rayleigh waves. So the animals at Yale might have felt the Rayleigh waves and then run to higher ground. But what about humans？ While we can't hear infrasound， we can feel it， although we don't necessarily know we're feeling it. We also experience Rayleigh waves by special sensors in our joints， which exist just for that purpose. Sadly， it seems we don't pay attention to the information when we get it. Maybe we screen it out because there's so much going on before our eyes and in our ears. Humans have a lot of things on our minds and usually that works out OK.
Notes：
① tsunami n. 海啸
② infrasound n. 次声
③ vibration n. 振动，颤动
Choose the best answers according to the above：
（） 1. Why did few animals at Yala die when the tsunamis that caused a huge number of human deaths hit？
A. Because the animals were staying at a higher place in the park.
B. Because the animals were able to run much faster than human beings.
C. Because human beings cannot hear the infrasonic sound.
D. Because the animals might have picked up the danger signals and ran away.
（） 2. Which of the statements about "Ravleigh waves" is true？
A. Rayleigh waves are massive vibrational waves that usually cause quakes or tsunamis.
B. Rayleigh waves move on the ocean surface at a speed ten times that of sound waves.
C. Rayleigh waves can be felt both by animals and human beings.
D. Rayleigh waves， just like infrasonic sound， can only be felt by animals.
（） 3. When a tsunami hits， it is possible that ＿＿＿＿
A. we can't feel the infrasound so we can't be informed of the danger
B. we can feel Rayleigh waves as well as infrasound so we are able to escape the danger like animals
C. we were so busy with things on our minds that we feel neither infrasound nor Rayleigh waves
D. we think nothing of the information of its coming even though we can also get it
（） 4. What does the underlined word "that" in the last sentence refer to？
A. Screening out the information.
B. There being so much going on before our eyes and in our ears.
C. Having a lot of things on our minds.
D. Paying attention to the information.
「解析」
1. D 细节理解题。从第二、三段可知，动物能提前感知到危险临近，逃到安全地方去。
2. C 细节理解题。从第三、四段可知，人和动物都能感觉到Rayleigh waves.
3. D 细
节理解题。从最后一段第四句可知。
4. A 词义猜测题。该词指代的意思从前一句Maybe we screen it out because …可以确定。
（二）A Plan For Exploring Mars （火星探索计划）
难度：＊＊＊＊＊词数：294 标准时间：6分钟完成时间：______ 正确数：______
NASA is moving ahead with plans to put a long-armed lander on Mars’ icy north pole to search for clues① for water and possible signs of life.
The $386 million Phoenix Mars is planned to touch down in the Martian arctic in 2008. The stationary probe will use its robotic arm to dig into the icy land and pick up soil samples② to analyze. In 2002, the Mars Odyssey orbiter spotted evidence of ice-rich soil near the arctic surface.
Scientists hope the Phoenix mission will find clues to the geologic history of water on the Red Planet and determine whether microbes③ existed in the ice. Phoenix will be the first mission of the Mars Scout program, a renewed, low-cost effort to study the Red Planet. “The Phoen ix mission explores new territory in the northern plains of Mars analogous to the permafrost regions on Earth,” Peter Smith said.
True to its name, Phoenix rose from the ashes of previous④ missions. The lander for Phoenix was built to fly as part of the 2001 Mars Surveyor program. But the program broke down after the well-known disappearance of the Mars Polar Lander in 1999. The Polar Lander lost contact during a landing attempt near the planet’s south pole after its rocket engine shut off prematurely, causing the spacecraft to fall about 130 feet to almost certain destruction.
The Phoenix probe had been in storage at a Lockheed Martin clean room in Denver before it was reused for its present mission. It will carry science instruments that were designed for the Mars Surveyor program including an improved panoramic camera and a trench-digging robotic arm. Phoenix will lift off from the Kennedy Space Center in August 2007 and land on the planet nine months later.
Notes:
① clue n. 线索
② sample n. 标本，样品
③ microbe n. 微生物
④ previous adj. 先前的
Choose the best answers according to the above:
( ) 1. The passage mainly tells readers that _________.
A. clues of water will be found in Phoenix
B. Phoenix will be sent to find clues of water on Mars
C. August 2007 will see Phoenix lift off
D. the Mars Scout program will be carried out