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育明教育天津分校2015年天津地区15所高校考研辅导必备
天津分校地址南京路新天地大厦2007
专注考研专业课辅导8年天津地区专业课辅导第一品牌
天津分校赵老师与大家分享资料
育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。更多详情可联系育明教育天津分校赵老师。
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育明教育天津分校2015南开大学MTI 翻译硕士英语真题解析参考答案大学2010年翻译硕士英语考研真题试卷科目：211翻译硕士英语
科目代码：211
科目名称：翻译硕士英语
专业领域：翻译硕士
考生须知：答题必须使用黑(蓝)色墨水(圆珠)笔；不得在试题(草稿)纸上作答；凡未按规定作答均不予评阅、判分。
ⅡReading Comprehension(40points)
Section One ：Read and make the best choice(20points ，2for each)
Directions ：There are two passages in this part ．Each passage is followed by five questions or unfinished statements,For each of them there are four choices marked A ，B ，C ，D ．You should decide on the best choice and then mark the corresponding On the Answer Sheet ．
Passage One
In terms of pure quantity of research and debate ，business schools have performed amazingly in promoting management as a distinctive activity ．No other discipline has produced as much in such a short period ．It is unclear yet how much of it will stand the test of time ，but for sheer industry ．the business school deserve credit ．Not a day goes by without another wave of research papers ，books ，articles ，and journals ．
In these terms ，schools have produced a generally accepted theoretical basis for management ．When it comes to knowledge creation ，however ，they find themselves in difficulties ．They are caught between the need for academic rigour and for real ．world business relevance,which tend to pull in opposite directions ．The desire to establish management as a credible discipline leads to research that panders to traditional academic criteria ．The problem for business school researchers is that they seek the approval of their academic peers rather than the business community ．In the United States this has led to the sort of grand ‘paper clip counting ’exercises that meet demands for ac-ademic rigour but fail to add one iota to the real 8urn of human knowledge ．
Business schools have too often allowed the constraints of the academic world to cloud their view of the real world ．Business school researchers seek provable theories rather than helpful theories ．They have championed a prescriptive approach to management based on analysis and ，more recently ，on fashionable ideas that soon disappear into the ether ．The one best way approach encourages researchers to mould the idiosyncrasies of managerial reality into their tightly defined models of behaviour ．Figures and statistic are fitted into linear equations and tidy models ．Economists and other social scientists label this cure smoothing ．Meanwhile ，reality continually refuses to cooperate ．
Central to this is the tension between relevance and rigour ．In a perfect world ，there would be no need to choose between the two ．But in the business school world ．the need to satisfy academic criteria and be published in
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journals often tilts the balance away from relevance ．In other words ，it is often easier to pursue quantifiable objectives than it is to add anything useful to the debate about management ．To a large extent ，the entire business school system works against useful ，knowledge-creating research ．Academics have five years in which to prove themselves if they are to make the academic grade ．It seems long enough ．But it can take two or even three years to get into a suitable journal ．They therefore have around three years ，probably less ，to come up with all area of interest and carry out meaningful and original research ．This is a demanding timescale ．The temptation must be to slice up old data in new ways rather than pursue genuinely groundbreaking ，innovative research ．
It is a criticism also made by some business school insiders ．
“Academic journals tend to find more and more techniques for testing more and more obscure theories ．They are asking trivial questions and answering them
exactly ．There has to be a backlash ，”says Julian Birkinshaw of London Business Sch001．In large part ，the problem
goes back to a time when business schools were trying to establish themselves ．Up until the 1960s ，American business schools were dismissed a8pseudo-academic institutions ，including the universities of which they often formed a part ，regarded them as a little more than vocational colleges ．Since then ，most of the leading schools have undergone major reassessments and introduced sweeping changes ．However ，it is questionable whether those changes have gone far enough ．
1．What does the first paragraph suggest about the research generated by business schools?
A ．Its quality is variable ．
B ．Its lasting value is uncertain ．
C ．It has always been produced too quickly ．
D ．It has had no influence on management ．
2．In paragraph two ，the writer argues that business school research ．
A ．takes a negative view of the business community
B ．has failed to give credibility to management as a discipline
C ．is directed at the wrong audience
D ．does not stand up to academic scrutiny
3．In the second paragraph ，the writer criticizes the theories of management produced by business schools for being ．
A ．incomprehensible
B ．contradictory
C ．vague
D ．inflexible
4．In the third paragraph ．the writer says that the business school system causes academics to ，
.
A ．be satisfied with reinterpreting previous research
B ．avoid complicated business issues
C ．concentrate on very narrow fields of study
D ．focus on topics no longer relevant to business needs
5．What do we learn about business schools in the last paragraph?
A ．They are reluctant to admit to failings ．
B ．They resent criticism of their academic journal ．
C ．They used to be looked down on by other institutions ．
D ．They are comfortable with the current situation ．
高分除了靠记忆力还要有一定的技巧，今天我就考研政治中的一些答题技巧，来和同学们分享
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一下。
选择题分值为50分。其中单选题16道，满分16分;多选题17道，满分34分。选择题由于考查范围广，涉及的知识点零散，这种题型很需要考生对教材和大纲有系统而熟练的掌握。选择题中，多选题的难度较大，它是拉开政治分数的一个题型之一。
单项选择题
政治单选是属于必得的高分题型。而应对单选这种题
型，考生在记忆相关概念时一定要明晰，不能模棱两可，
尤其是容易混淆的概念，一定要注意区分。而最能帮助考
生区分的方法是适度的习题训练，通过练习来加强记忆和
理解。在得分方面，单选题总分值在16分，考生最好拿
12分以上的分数。
解答单项选择题要掌握一定的技巧，掌握技巧的前提
是形成正确的解题思路。
第一步是读懂题，审好题，准确把握题干的规定性。
即题干所要求回答的是什么问题，在什么范围、方面、角
度和条件下回答这一问题;
第二步是鉴别和判断选择题肢项。题肢选项分两类，
一类是不符合题意的应排除掉。这又分三种：
①第一种是题肢选项本身观点错误和含有错误成份，
试题要求又是正确的;
②第二种是题肢选项本身观点虽然正确，但与题干要求无关的;第三种题肢选项中概念和判断的外延大于或小于题干规定的外延要求;
③另一类是最符合题意的该选出的题肢选项。在解题中可先用排除法，把所有与题干要求不符合的，不论是正向、逆向思维设问，还是题肢选项本身的错误，统统排除，然后再比较余下的题肢，用所学的概念、观点、原理判断其是否正确，并确定哪个选项最符合题意，即该选项能否按试题所反映的客观现象的方向、范围和意义进行解答。
多项选择题
选择题中较难的题型是多选题。它也是政治试题种最难最容易拉开考分距离的题型，因此这部分要求考生高度重视。应对这类题型除了需要对考纲要求的知识点熟练理解外，适度的练习必不可少，在练习的基础上掌握各个知识点内涵外延。在得分方面，多选题总分值在34分，考生最好拿24分以上的分数。
根据多项选择题的出题思路将其分为三大类：
一.识记水平类：
这是选择题中的低水平的能力考查题型，考试分析对这类题的要求做了明确的评价目标：准确地再认或再现有关的哲学、历史、经济和政治等方面的知识。此类题主要用于考查考生的再认能力、判断是非能力和比较能力。主要题型有：
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1组合型：
例题1：在土地革命战争后期和抗日战
争时期，毛泽东思想得到系统总结和多方面展
开而达到成熟。下列毛泽东的科学著作中，写
于这个时期的有(2006年多选第25题)
A、《星星之火，可以燎原》
B、《反对
本本主义》
C、《新民主主义论》
D、《论联合政府》
答案为(CD)
2数字型：
例题2：2005年10月27日，十届全国
人大常委会审议通过《所得税法>的决定关于
修改<中华人民共和国个人所得税法>的决定》，
将个人所得税工薪费用扣除标准调整为
(2006年单选第15题)
A、800元
B、1200元
C、1600元
D、2000
元(C)
方法：以上两种题型的解题方法大致类
似。可先将含有明显错误的选项予以排除，那么，剩下的选项就必定是正确的选项。此类题型需要熟记知识点
3.判断型：
特点：此题型要求学生对基础知识作出“是”或“不是”的判断，主要用于考查学生对政治是非、理论是非的判断能力。考生只要记住教材中的基本概念、基本原理、基本观点等基础知识就能正确回答出来。
方法：解答这种题型的方法，是把题肢与题干联系起来，用记住的知识去挑选正确的题肢。例题3：现代企业制度的典型形式是(2006年单选第7题)
A、股份制
B、股份合作制
C、合伙制
D、公司制(D)
识记水平类是较为简单的一类题型。拿到高分必须熟记知识点没有什么捷径可走
二.理解水平类：
这是选择题中中等水平的能力考查题型，考试中心的要求是正确理解和掌握马克思主义理论课中的有关范畴、规律和论断。运用有关原理，解释和论证某种观点，辨明理论是非。主要用于考查考生的理解能力、逻辑思维能力和辩证思维能力等。主要题型有：
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1.比较型：
特点：此题型的题干是两个认识对象。题肢
对题干中两个认识对象进行比较后的回答。学生
只要记住所学的基础知识，就能正确进行比较，
并从比较中识别各个认识对象的特征。其形式常
用“不同点是”“相同点是”或“区别是”“联
系是”等词语把题干与题肢联接起来。
方法：是把题肢与题干逐一比较，凡符合题
干要求的，就是正确题肢。
例题4：我国社会主义经济体制改革与政治
体制改革的关系表现为(2006年单选第13题)
A、前者是目的，后者是手段
B、前者是基
础，后者是目标
C、前者是内容，后者是形式
D、二者相互
依赖、相互配合
2.内涵型：
特点：此题型的题干内容多是基本概念、基
本原理或基本观点，题肢是对题干的理解，它不
仅要求考生了解基础知识，还要求考生理解基础
知识，把握基础知识之间的内在联系。其形式多
用“下列理解正确的有”“应当这样认识”“是指”等词语把题干与题肢联接起来。
方法：解答这种题型的方法是把题肢与题干一一对照，看它们在内涵上是否一致。内涵与题干一致，就是正确题肢。
例题5：“****”重要思想深化了对中国特色社会主义的认识，表现在(2006年多选第28题)
A、进一步回答了什么是社会主义，怎样建设社会主义的问题
B、明确提出了解放思想、实事求是的思想路线
C、创造性的回答了建设一个什么样的党，怎样建设党的问题
D、确定了党在社会主义初级阶段的基本路线(A、C)
3.发散型：
特点：此题型要求题肢对题干的内容作多侧面、多角度的理解或说明，主要用于考查考生理解的能力、分析能力和辩证思维能力。其形式常用“正确的是”等词语把题肢与题干联接起来。此类题型是毛概、邓论、时事政治多选用的题型
方法：凡是与题干有关的正确题枝都可以入选。
例题6：
1948年中国共产党制定了土地改革总路线。下列选项中对这一总路线所含内容理解正确有(2006年多选第26题)
A、按照平分土地的原则，满足贫雇农的要求
B、团结中农，允许中农保有比他人略多的土地
C、没收地主土地，不再对地主分配土地
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D、实行耕者有其田，将土地的所有权分配给农民(A、B、D)
4.因果型：
特点：此题型要求考生回答知识之间的因果关系。题干是“果”，题肢是“因”，主要考查考生的理解能力、分析能力和推理能力。其形式一般用“由于”“因为”等词语把题干与题肢联接起来。
方法：解答这种题型的方法是看题肢是否正确回答了题干要求回答的原因。
例题7：商业资本作为一种独立的职能资本，也获得平均利润，其直接原因是(2006年单选第6题)
A,商业部门和产业部门之间的竞争和资本转移
B、产业资本家为销售商品将部分利润让渡给商业资本家
C、商业资本家加强对商业雇员的剥削
D 产业部门将工人创造的一部分剩余价值分割给商业部门(A)
三.运用水平类：
考试中心规定考生能用马克思主义的观点和方法，比较和分析有关社会现象或实际问题。结合特定历史条件或国际、国内政治经济生活的背景，综合认识和评价有关理论问题和实际问题。这是选择题中的高水平的能力考查题型，主要用于考查考生对知识的运用能力。主要题型有：
1.事例型：
特点：此题型题干的内容选取现实政治
生活或经济生活中的重大事实材料，要求考
生思考并正确回答材料中所包含的基础知
识，或运用所学基础知识对现实问题进行分
析、综合和评价。其形式常用“这个事例说
明”、“这表明”等词语把题干与题肢联接
起来。
方法：解答方法是首先要抓准材料中的
中心词或关键词语，以准确把握材料的意思，
然后再逐一把题肢与题干相对照，凡能正确分析、评价材料的题肢，都是正确题肢。
例题8：主要在越南、泰国等东南亚国家发生的禽流感于2005年10月扩散到欧洲、中国、中东及美洲等地。一直被认为是传染病“拒入”地带的俄罗斯、乌克兰、克罗地亚、希腊、瑞典和英国等欧洲国家也相继出现禽流感疫情，世界各国都感到了危机。这一事件表明(2006年多选第33题)
A、人类面临的全球性问题日益突出
B、发展中国家的贫困直接导致了这一全球问题
C、协商对话和携手合作是应对全球性问题的理性选择
D、全球公共卫生能力建设亟待加强(A、C、D)
2.引文型：
特点：此题型与上述材料型的不同，在于题干的内容引用了某人、某文件、某著作中的论断或论述。其余特点均同于材料型。此类题型哲学和毛概中多选用。例：“墙上芦苇，头重脚
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轻根底浅;山间竹笋，嘴尖皮厚腹中空。”毛泽东在延安整风运动期间用这副对联形象地讽刺了(2006年单选第8题)
A.主观主义的学风B、宗派主义的党风
C、党八股的文风
D、官僚主义的作风(A)
3.计算型
例题10：某资本家投资100万元，资本有机构成4：1，m’=100%，一年周转4次，其年剩余价值量和年剩余价值率分别是
A,80万，100%B、40万，400%C、40万，100%D、80万，400%(D)
解答多选题时可遵循以下步骤：
1.审查题干，确定题干的规定性，明确题干对题肢的要求是什么。例如题干的说法是全对的还是全错的，或者是正误混杂的;它对题肢选择的要求是相关的还是无关的。一定要注意理解题干的意思。
2.审查题肢，注意题肢的迷惑性，明确题肢本身是对的还是错的。
3.审查题肢与题干之间的关系，按题干的要求选出题肢。
如果题干本身表述正确，且在正向选择的前提下，有以下几种方法：
①排谬法：排除本身表述错误的题肢;
②排异法：题肢尽管正确，但与题干毫无关联，须排除掉;
③排重法：题肢的观点不是回答题干的问题，而是对题干意思的变相重复，须排除;
④题肢中概念的外延大于或小于题干的规定性，须排除。
做多项选择题要求必须吃透原理及相互之间的关系，而不必死记硬背。它重在理解、吃透，是体现能力的好题型。解题的方法也很多，但总的来讲是四个字：“正确、有关”。所谓“正确”即观点正确;所谓“有关”，就是题肢的论点与题干的要求有关联。题肢必须是正确而又有关联的，才是对的。同时还要注意，只有直接有关联的才能选，间接关联的则不选。
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【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌
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10/10
【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站：
https://www.doczj.com/doc/5c3267857.html, 开设课程：【网络函授班】【精品小班】【高端一对一】【状元集训营】【定向保录】
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卷一： 真题：中文热词通常反映社会变化和文化，有些在外国媒体上愈来愈流行。例如，土豪和大妈都是老词，但已获取了新的意义。 土豪以前指欺压佃户和仆人的乡村地主，现在用于指花钱如流水或喜欢炫耀财富的人，也就是说，土豪有钱，但是没有品位。大妈是对中年妇女的称呼，但是现在特指不久前金价大跌时大量购买黄金的中国妇女。 土豪和大妈可能会被收入新版的牛津(OXford)英语词典，至今约有120中文加进了牛津英语词典，成了英语语言的一部分。 参考答案： The Chinese heated words usually reflect social changes and culture, some o f which are increasingly popular with foreign media. Tuhao and dama, forexa mple, are both old words, but they get differentmeanings now. The word tuhao used to mean rural landlords who oppress their tenants and servants, while now it refers to people spending money withoutlimits or those showing off all around. That is to say, tuhao owns money rather than taste. T heword dama is used to describe middle-aged women. However, it is regarde d as a special wordto call those Chinese women who rushed to purchase gol d when th e gold price decreasedsharply not long ago. Tuhao and dama may be included in the new Oxford dictionary. Up to now, ab out 120 Chinesewords have been added to it, becoming a part of English lang uage. 卷二： 最近中国科学院(Chinese Academy of Science )出版了关于其最新科学发现与未来一 年展望的年度系列报告。系列报告包括三部分：科学发展报告，高技术发展报告，中国可持续战略报告。第一份报告包含中国科学家的最新发现，诸如新粒子研究与H7N9病毒研究的突破。该报告还突出强调了未来几年需要关注的问题。第二份报告公布了一些应用科学研究的热门领域，如3D打印和人造器官研究。第三份报告呼吁加强顶层设计，以消除工业升级中的结构性障碍，并促进节能减排。 Chinese Academy of Science recently published an annual report about its latest scientific findings and the prospect of the next year. The report consists of three parts: science development, more advanced technology development and the sustainable strategy of China. The first one includes the latest findings of Chinese scientists, such as the research of new particle and the breakthrough in the study of H7N9 virus. Furthermore, it highlights some problems we need to focus in next few years. The second one announces some heated fields in applied science. For example, the 3-dimension print and the study of human organs. The third one suggests people enhance the top design in order to get rid of the structural obstacles in industrial upgrading and to promote the energy-saving and emission-reduction. 卷三： 北京计划未来三年投资7600亿元治理污染，从减少pm2.5排放入手。这一新公布的计划
河南科技大学 2013年硕士研究生入学考试试题考试科目代码：357 考试科目名称：英语翻译基础 （如无特殊注明，所有答案必须写在答题纸上，否则以“0”分计算）I. 词汇短语或习语英汉互译（40分） 1．disintegration 2．ardent 3．far-sightedness 4．careful consideration 5．perfect harmony 6．feed on fancies 7．with great eagerness 8．lack of perseverance 9．make a little contribution 10．on the verge of destruction 11．黄头发 12．小心台阶13．百里挑一14．一饮而尽15．赤字 16．吃一堑，长一智17．覆水难收18．进退维谷19．顺其自然20．不可否认…… II.句子英汉互译。（30分） 1．Balance is the key to life. Focus is the key to success. Contentment is the key to happiness. 2．You can’t make progress until you get clear as to where you currently are.Remember, success is not a sprint, it is a marathon. 3．Don’t read more than what was intended into what he said. 4．Timeout is better than burnout. Learn to rest before you get exhausted. 5．Focus on the critical tasks that will give you the results you need. Postpone everything else. 6．你休想欺骗我。 7．夺取这个胜利，已经是不要很久的时间和不要花费很大的气力了;巩固这个胜利，则是需要很久的时间和要花费很大的气力的事情。 8．他很厚黑啊！ 9．人在屋檐下不得不低头。 10．你和他简直有一拼! III．请写出下列缩略词英文全称并译为汉语。（20分） 例如：PC:Personal Computer 个人电脑 1．ICU 2．BRT 3．CBD 4．W.W.W. 5．AIDS 6．D/P 7．IOC 8．SCI 9．SOS 10．I.P. IV.篇章英汉互译。（60分） A. 英译汉（30分）
05 It is not easy to talk about the role of the mass media in this overwhelmingly significant phase in European history. History and news become confused, and one's impressions tend to be a mixture of skepticism and optimism. (46)Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed-and perhaps never before has it served to much to connect different peoples and nations as is the recent events in Europe .The Europe that is now forming cannot be anything other than its peoples, their cultures and national identities. With this in mind we can begin to analyze the European television scene. (47) In Europe, as elsewhere multi-media groups have been increasingly successful groups which bring together television, radio newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another. One Italian example would be the Berlusconi group while abroad Maxwell and Murdoch come to mind. Clearly, only the biggest and most flexible television companies are going to be able to compete complete in such a rich and hotly-contested market. (48) This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks no less than 50% took a loss in 1989. Moreover, the integration of the European community will oblige television companies to cooperate more closely in terms of both production and distribution. (49) Creating a "European identity" that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice - that of producing programs in Europe for Europe. This entails reducing our dependence on the North American market, whose programs relate to experiences and cultural traditions which are different from our own. In order to achieve these objectives, we must concentrate more on co-productions, the exchange of news, documentary services and training. This also involves the agreements between European countries for the creation of a European bank will handle the finances necessary for production costs. (50) In dealing with a challenge on such a scale, it is no exaggeration to say "Unity we stand, divided we fall" -and if I had to choose a slogan it would be "Unity in our diversity." A unity of objectives that nonetheless respect the varied peculiarities of each country.
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编88 (总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、词语翻译(总题数：27，分数：50.00) 1.英译汉 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析： 2.civil law （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：民法) 解析： 3.mass transit （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：公共交通；大容量公共运输(工具)) 解析： 4.wage theory （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：工资理论) 解析： 5.mock epic （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：讽刺史诗) 解析： 6.counterespionage （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：反间谍活动) 解析： 7.high seas （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：公海；远海) 解析： 8.CYO （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：首席元老(Chief Yearly Officer)) 解析： 9.irrigation and drainage （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：灌溉与排水) 解析：
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编74 (总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、词语翻译(总题数：27，分数：50.00) 1.英译汉 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析： https://www.doczj.com/doc/5c3267857.html,ernment watchdog （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：政府监督) 解析： 3.carbon footprint （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：碳足迹，碳排放) 解析： 4.Twitter （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：推特) 解析： 5.funemployment （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：失业乐活) 解析： 6.Diesel oil （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：柴油) 解析： 7.汉译英 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析： 8.借词 （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：loanword) 解析： 9.全球暖化 （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：global warming) 解析： 10.经济不景气 （分数：2.00）
2015年考研英语一翻译真题解析 一、来源：今年的文章来源于An outline of American history(1954)(《美国历史纲要(1954年英文版)》)，是其中一章The Colonial Period(殖民时期)的节选。这个符合历年来翻译的考查规律，往往都是从书籍中节选段落进行翻译，内容相对于阅读而言，相对于2014年“贝多芬”而言，有些难懂。 二、难度：5句话共151词，相当平稳。其中48题最长，35词;50题最简单，24词。可以说，不同基础的同学都可以从中找到自己熟悉的部分，不至于在这个题上一分未得。 三、句型特点：今年的5句话中，有2句(46，48)是简单句，另外3句(47，49，50)是复合句。其中的复合句无一例外都考查的是定语从句的翻译，并没有涉及到其他从句类型。简单句中考查最多的也是后置定语的翻译。所以，中公考研考前为大家预测的难点中，定语的翻译是绝对考点和重点。 四、逐题详解： 46) This movement, driven by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent. 重点词组：out of a wilderness(摆脱荒凉)，by its nature(就其本质而言，从本质来说)，uncharted(未知的;图上未标明的)。 结构分析：整个句子是一个简单句，由and并列谓语动词built和shaped。driven by powerful and diverse motivations是后置定语，修饰movement;out of a wilderness是后置定语，修饰nation;of an uncharted continent是后置定语，修饰character and destiny。 参考译文：这项运动，由多种强大的动机驱动，建立了一个摆脱荒凉的国家，并且从本质上来讲，塑造了一块不为人熟悉的大陆的性格和命运。 47) The United States is the product of two principal forces—the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits. 重点词组：product(产物)，principal(主要的;首要的)，peoples(民族)，impact(影响) 结构分析：句子的主干是The United States is the product of two principal forces，破折号解释说明forces。of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics是后置定语，修饰immigration;of a new country which modified these traits是后置定语，修饰impact，其中包含一个定语从句which modified these traits，修饰country。 参考译文：美国是两股主要力量的产物——带有不同思想、风俗习惯和国家特征的欧洲民族的移民，和修改这些特征的新兴国家的影响。 48) But the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the carried national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes. 重点词组：peculiar(特有的，独特的)，interplay(互相影响)，sheer(独特的) 结构分析：整个句子是简单句，主语由三个名词短语用and并列承担，谓宾部分比较短小caused significant changes。主语1中，of geographic conditions peculiar to America是后置
2014.12.1st 反应在艺术和文学中的乡村生活理想是中国文明的重要特征。这在很大程度上归功于道家对自然地感情。传统中国画有两个最受青睐的主题，一是家庭生活的各种幸福场景，画中往往有老人在下棋饮茶，男人在耕耘收割，妇女在织布缝衣，小孩在户外玩耍。另一个则是乡村生活的种种乐趣，画有渔夫在湖上打渔，农夫在山上砍柴采药，或是书生坐在松树下吟诗作画。这两个主题可以分别代表儒家和道家的生活理想。 Rural life ideals reflected in Chinese arts and literature is an important feature of Chinese civilization. This is largely attributed to feelings of Taoism to the nature. There are two most popular themes in traditional Chinese paintings. One is various scenes of happy family life with the elderly drinking teas and playing chess, men plowing and harvesting, women sewing and weaving, or children playing outdoors. The other is a variety of fun in rural life with a fisherman fishing on the lake, farmers cutting firewood or collecting medicinal herbs, scholars reciting poems or painting pictures under a pine tree. These two themes represent separately Confucian and Taoist ideal life.
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编6 (总分：12.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：12.00) 1.英译汉（分数： 2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析： 2.The 1992 Rio conference was a high watermark for environmental law. Despite all the many accomplishments since then, we must now acknowledge that Rio has not fulfilled the promises with which the world invested it. After 50 years of diligent and sophisticated work by environmental lawyers on legislation, regulation, principles, treaties, and judicial decisions, how is it that the " actual landscape" of the world"s resources is still "slipping two steps backward for each forward stride"? Part of the explanation for that disappointing result can be found in the statements issued by a distinguished international collection of prosecutors, judges, and legal scholars at the Rio + 20-re-lated World Congress on Justice, Governance, and Law for Environmental Sustainability. They focused almost exclusively on matters of substantive doctrine and legal procedure. Recommitment to enhancing "law" in this narrow sense—a body of formal rules and principles and the judicial and prosecutorial mechanisms for their application and enforcement—certainly has great value, and that work should go forward vigorously. But the ongoing ecological deterioration is traceable in large part to pervasive social and political attitudes favoring a growth-based model of economic "development" that steadily intensifies human appropriation of planetary resources. To address the root of the problem, it will be argued here, environmental law needs a more expansive society-based conception of "law", one that activates law as a social institution engaged broadly with the habits and customs, the expectations and aspirations, of people and organizations in their daily lives. Environmental lawyers, then, need a fresh and bold reimagination of their mission, to hone and use their persuasive and analytical skills in creative ways to alter the social dynamic underlying environmental change and to foment a deep commitment to effective stewardship of resources. （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： 1992年的里约会议标志着环境法达到了最高水平。尽管此后环境保护硕果累累，但我们现在必须承认，对于世界人民给予资金支持的诺言，里约会议并未实现。50多年来，环境法的律师制定或修改法律、规章、准则、条约并做出司法判决，他们勤奋地做着这些高深复杂的工作，但是世界资源的“现状”仍然“每前进一步都倒退两步”是怎么回事? 这一结果令人失望，其中部分原因可以在全世界杰出的检察官、法官和法律学者发布的言论合集中找到，他们在里约+20的相关世界会议上就司法、管理和环境可持续发展的法律发表了看法。他们几乎完全侧重于实际法令及法律程序等事宜。他们再次决心加强狭义的“法制”——一整套正规的规定和准则以及实施、强化这些法律的司法和执法机制——这当然意义重大，这项工作也应如火如荼进行。但在很大程度上，持续的生态恶化应归结于普遍存在的社会和政治态度，这一态度支持以增长为基础的经济发展模式，而这又使人类不断加强对地球资源的利用。为了从根源上解决这一问题，我们将在这里讨论环境法需要“法律”概念在社会上得到更广泛的普及，这样才能促使法律作为一种社会制度广泛地融人到习惯和习俗、期望和愿望以及人和组织的日常生活中去。然后，环保律师需要对自己的使命有着全新的明确认识，锻炼自己的说服技巧和分析技巧，并创造性地利用其来改变环境变化的基础，即社会动力，以此激发人们深深致力于资源的有效管理。) 解析： 3.Never before had the world such a tremendous scientific-technical potential, such a capacity to generate wealth and well-being. Authentic technological wonders that have made any place in the world to be always close with regard to distances and communications have not been capable of bringing well-being for everybody, but only for a meager 15% living in the countries of the
六级翻译 helj 2011/4/12 令狐采学 10/12) 82.There is no denying that you __________________________________ (越仔细越好) in dealing with this matter. 83.Only when I reached my thirties _____________________________(我才意识到读书是不能被忽视的). 84. Much _________________________________(使研究人员感到惊讶), the outcome of the experiment was far better than they had expected. 85. Oh, my, I can’t find my key; ______________________________(我一定是把它忘在哪儿了). 86. I ____________________________________________ (宁愿加入你们去做义工) than go to the beach for a holiday. (10\06) 82.___(他们的独生儿子从未想过) to leavethem and strike out on his own though he is in his late twenties. 83.Before you take any action, please remember to ___ (权衡你的决
定会产生的后果).84. He assured his friend that under no circumstances ___ (他会违背还钱的承诺).85. Most educators advise that kids ___ (不要沉溺于电脑游戏).86. Business major as he is, he has ___ (从未考虑过从事推销员工作). (09\12 ) 82. How long does a jacket like this last me? — (这要看你多长时间穿一次). 83. The theory he advanced has proved (对许多传统概念的一种挑战). 84. The manager (本可以亲自参加会议), but he was called away for some urgent business abroad. 85. Both research and practical experience have shown that a (均衡的饮食对健康是必不可少的). 86. Much (我感到遗憾), I was unable to finish the work on time. (09/06) 82.With the oil prices ever rising, she tried to talk ________ (说服他不买车). 83.________ (保持幽默有助于) reduce stress and promote creative thinking in today’s competitive society.. 84.When confronted with the evidence, ________ (他不得不坦白
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编79 (总分：12.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：12.00) 1.汉译英（分数： 2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析： 2.2010年12月，为了向年轻一代普及航天科学教育，海南省开始在文昌市建设航天主题公园。公园占地1800亩，紧邻文昌卫星发射中心。工程预计花费30亿元，在2013年完工。这个航天主题公园将分四个展览区，包括地球、月球、火星和太阳。游客甚至可以进入发射台，实地观看火箭发射。 （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：To promote aerospace science and general aviation knowledge among the younger generation, in December 2010, Hainan province begins to build a Space Flight Theme Park in Wenchang Cit-y. Covering an area of 1,800 mu (120 hectares) , the theme park is located at Wenchang Satellite Launch Center. The whole project is estimated to cost 3 billion yuan (455 million U. S. dollars) and is expected to be finished in 2013. The park will have four exhibiti-on sections, featuring the earth, moon, Mars and the sun. Visitors can even enter the launch station and watch the actual rocket launch.) 解析： 3.1957年10月苏联成功发射第一颗人造卫星，揭开了人类历史由地球迈向太空的第一页。此后短短半个世纪里，人类的外空探索活动突飞猛进，取得了辉煌的成就。人类不仅成功登陆月球，而且还将研究的触手伸向火星等更为遥远的星球。截止到2006年底，环绕地球飞行的各类人造物体，包括人造卫星、航天飞机、国际空间站、空间实验室等接近6000个。 （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：On October, 1957, the Soviet Union successfully launched the first artificial satellite, which turned the first page in human history of entering the space. During the half century coming after, humans" explorations in outer space have grown by leaps and bounds and have made brilliant achievements. Humans not only successfully landed on the moon, but also reached toward even more distant planet such as Mars. At the end of 2006, the number of the various types of artificial objects flying around the Earth, including satellites, space shuttles, international space stations, space laboratories, etc. is already close to 6,000.) 解析： 4.博鳌论坛的经历给了刘晓宁不小的打击，生活上的拮据让她开始反思自己做公务员两年多的经历。都说公务员舒服，但刘晓宁每天的工作时间都在10小时以上，加班到晚上八九点钟，是很正常的事。如果有活动，赶工到夜里12点，也是家常便饭。 （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：The experience in Boao Forum is not a small blow to Liu Xiaoning. The bare livelihood forced her to reflect on her life as a civil servant for more than two years. Every one says that civil servants enjoy a comfortable life, but Xiaoning works more than 10 hours everyday. Working overtime until eight or nine in the evening is perfectly normal. When there are activities, staying up to 12 at night is also not uncommon.) 解析： 5.我国人口老龄化对经济增长的潜在影响理论研究认为，老龄化会减少劳动力供给，降低社会储蓄率，导致产出和资本形成能力下降，最终影响经济增长。同时，发达国家的实际表明，随着人口老龄化，养老费用及人均医疗费用均会大幅上升，加重政府财政负担。与发达国家“富老同步”或者“先富后老”相比，