非谓语动词
一、非谓语动词的概念
非谓语形式有三种： 1.动词不定式：to do表示目的和将来
2、动词的ing(动名词) : doing表示主动和进行 3.动词的过去分词：done表示被动和完成
二、非谓语动词的时态和语态
一般式完成式进行式
不定式主动to do to have done to be doing
被动to be done to have been done
ing 形式主动doing having done
被动being done having been done
过去分词被动done
三、非谓语动词的做题步骤：
1、判定是否用非谓语形式。方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了。
2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。
3、判断主被动关系。方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。
4、判断时间关系。方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。之前常用done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing。
一、非谓语动词作主语和表语的比较
1、不定式和动名词作主语和表语：
1）. 不定式表示一次性的、具体的动词。动词ing 常表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的动作。如：________ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.
A. The walk
B. Walking
C. To walk
D. Walk
2）. 不定式作主语时，常用it 作形式主语，即用句型：It is + adj. / n. + (for / of sb. ) to do sth.
It’s important for us to learn English well. It’s kind of you to help us.
注意：下面几个句型是用动名词：It’s no good / use doing sth. There is no point（in）doing sth
2、不定式、动名词、分词作表语的比较：
1）、不定式、动名词作表语，.表示主语的内容。如：
My job is teaching / to teach English. (teaching / to teach English 是my job的内容)
Knowing who we are means knowing what we like to do.（主，表语要用同一种形式）
2）、分词作表语：记住：一些表示情感、情绪的动词，常用分词形式作表语。现在分词表示主语的性质特征，用过去分词表示主语的状态。常用动词：surprise (使某人吃惊)，surprising (令人吃惊)，surprised (主语)感到吃惊）类似动词有：excite (激动)，astonish (惊奇)，shock (震惊)，scare (惊恐)，disappoint (失望)，move（感动）
如：The movie is exciting. We are excited at the news.
3）、在seem / appear (似乎，好像)，prove/ turn out (被证明是)，remain (仍然是，尚待)等连系动词后，可用不定式作表语。如：He seemed (to be ) very happy.
二、不定式、动名词作宾语的比较
1、只能接不定式的动词：口诀：决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。
decied(determine), learn, want, expect/hope/wish; refuse,manage,care,pretend; offer,promise,choose,plan; agree,ask/beg,help.
2、只能接动名词的动词：口诀：
考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。
consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon; admit，delay, put off, fancy(想象，设想); avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practise; den y, finish, enjoy/appreciate; forbid, imagine, risk; can’t help, mind, allow/peremit, escape
3、接不定式和接动名词意义不同的动词：
remember to do记得去做remember doing记得做过; forget to do忘记去做forget doing忘记做过regret to do遗憾去做regret doing 后悔做过try to do设法去做try doing试着做,
go on to do做完某事接着做另一件事go on doing 继续做同一件事
mean to do打算做mean doing意味着做stop to do停下来去做stop doing停止做
cant help (to) do 不能帮助做can’t help doing 忍不住做
如：In some parts of London, missing a bus means ____ for another hour.
A. waiting
B. to wait
C. wait
D. to be waiting
4.表示未实现的愿望的动词,即表示本打算，想做，但事实上没做。
这些动词plan, intend, mean, want, hope, wish, expect , 用had planned to do sth. / planned to have done来表示。注：Would like / love 只用would like to have done
如：I would love _____ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish the report.
A. to go
B. to have gone
C. going
D. having gone
5、要接动名词的几个句型：
prevent / stop / keep sb. / sth from doing …(阻止…做) how about / what about doing spend / waste time / money in doing sth. 在…花费或浪费时间或钱have some difficulty / trouble / problems( in )doing在做…有困难have a hard / good time in doing 做…很艰难或做…很愉快6、含介词to 的短语:
look forward to 盼望，devote…to 致力于、献身于，be / get used to 习惯于lead to 导致，
get down to 着手做，pay attention to 注意refer to 谈到、所指、参考，equal to 等于、能胜任，belong to 属于
如: Mr Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to ___ some school for poor children.
A.set up
B.setting up
C.have set up
D. having set up
7.动词不定式but,other than后面时，如果介词前有行为动词do的某种形式，那么介词后的不定式不带to；否则带to（即前有do后无to）如：have no choice but to do sth.没有别的选择，只好做…
Eg，Sandy could do nothing but ____ to his teacher that he was wrong.
A. admit
B. admitted
C. admitting
D. to admit
另外,can’t choose/help but(只好); can’t but(只好); had better; would rather后面的不定式也省to Eg, He can’t choose but stay on. 他没办法只好待下去
8．permit / allow (允许)，forbid (禁止)，advise (建议)，有两种用法：一是后接动名词，二是后接“sb. + to do sth”
9、need, want, require“需要”,主语是物时,need, want, require+doing（用动词ing 主动形式表被动）
/ to be don e / sb to be done
be worth(值得) +名词/doing be worthy+to be done/of being done
eg.①The window needs/wants/requires to be cleaned/cleaning. 窗户需要擦一下。
②The place is worth visiting. ＝The place is worthy+ to be visited/of being visited.
三、不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语的比较
1、不定式作宾语补足语，如：ask sb to do sth (sb作宾语，to do sth作宾补，宾语＋宾补＝复合宾语) 类似动词有：tell, want, encourage, advise, order, require, force, beg, cause, allow, permit, forbid（禁止）, warn（警告）, remind, teach, call on (号召)，depend on (指望)，would like / love (想要)，prefer, wish, expect, hope（不带复合宾语)注：help sb (to) do sth.
2、（1）使役动词后接不带to的不定式：let / make / have sb do sth. 但使役动词的被动语态常用：be made to do sth.
注：get sb to do sth. 译成“让某人做…（主动句中to不省略）
Eg，Though he had often made his little sister ____, today he was made ____ by his little sister.
A. cry, to cry
B. crying, crying
C. cry, cry
D. to cry, cry
（2）have句型：have sb do sth使/让/叫某人干某事have sb/ sth doing使某人某物持续的做某事, have sth done 表示两种意义：A.请别人做，而不是主语做； B.意外事故引起的,“使遭受…..”如：He didn’t keep on asking me the time any longer as he had had his watch ______.
A. to repair
B. repaired
C. repairing
D. repair
如：Tom had his leg broken while playing football. 汤姆在踢足球时，伤了腿。
（3）get句型：get sb to do sth使/让/叫某人干某事get sb/ sth doing使某人/物开始动起来get sth done 使某事被做
如:He tried to get the car moving. 他尽力让车发动起来
（4）make oneself understood / heard / known 用过去分词作宾补
3、感官动词后作宾补的非谓语形式：感官动词：feel, see, hear, watch, notice
用法：感官动词＋sb + do / doing / done/being done (分别表示全过程/正在发生/被动完成/正在发
生且表示被动)。如：
1) They knew her very well. They had seen her ___ up from childhood.
A. grow
B. grew
C. was growing
D. to grow
2) The missing boy was last seen ____ near the river. A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play 3）I heard an English song _____by a little girl when I passed by her room yesterday.
A.being sung
B.singing
C.sing
D.to sing
4、with的复合结构：with +宾+宾补（形容词、副词（in, out）,介词短语，非谓语形式），非谓语形
式有：to do 表示将来，doing 表示主动和进行，done表示被动和完成。
如：The murderer was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back.
A. being tied
B. having tied
C. to be tied
D. tied
5、find + 宾语+ 宾补（doing / done）, keep +宾+doing, catch sb + doing (撞见某人在做)，
smell sb +doing (察觉到某人在做)
如：He looked around and caught a man ____ his hand into the pocket of a passager.
A. put
B. to be putting C . to put D. putting
She found a wallet lying on the ground. 她发现一只钱包在地上。Both doors were found locked.
6.句型：It is said / reported / thought / known /believed that…. 可转化为：
sb / sth be said / reported/known/believed to have done sth.
如：Robert is said ___ abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.
A. to have studied
B. to study
C. to be studying
7.不定式，分词作宾补的小窍门：下列动词后在主动语态中用不带to的不定式作宾补，但在被动语态中要加上to；他们是“吾看三室两厅一感觉”——5看（look at,see,watch,notice,observe）;3使(make,let,have); 2听（listen to,hear）1感觉(feel)
以上动词还可以用现在分词作补语（5+3+2+1-2+4）：即以上动词除make,let外都可以用现在分词作补语；此外find,catch,keep,leave（+4）也可以用现在分词作补语。如：
Leave sb doing让某人一直做某事（宾语与宾补之间存在逻辑上的主动关系，表示动作正在进行）It’s wrong of you to leave the machine running. 你让机器一直开着是不对的。
四、三种非谓语形式作定语定语的比较：
*考点一：作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后有相应的介词。例如：
① The Browns have a comfortable house to live in。
② There is nothing to worry about.但是，不定式所修饰的名词如果是time，place或way时，
不定式后面的介词习惯上省去。
He had no money and no place to live (in). We find a way to solve this problem (in).
*考点二：区别下面两句话：
Have you anything to send?(不定式动作的执行者是“你”) “你有什么东西要寄吗？”
Have you anything to be send?（不定式的动作是“我或别人”）“你有什么要我或者别人寄得东
西吗？”
*考点三：修饰序数词、最高级或no，all,any等词多有动词不定式。例如：
He was the best man to do the job. She was the first woman to win the gold medal
*考点四：三个非谓语动词作定语的区别：（与中心词之间的关系）
●动作表将来，主动时用to do
●动作表将来，被动时用to be done 例如：the building to be built next year ●动作正在进行，主动或不及物动词时用 doing
●动作正在进行，被动时用 being done the building being built now
●动作已完成，表被动时用 done；不及物动词只表动作完成 the building built last year
例：①The first textbooks ________ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16 th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written
②. The Olympic Games, ________ in 776 B. C, did not include women players until 1912.
A. first playing
B. to be first played
C. first played
D. to be first playing
五、不定式、现在分词、过去分词作状语的比较
1、不定式作目的、原因、结果状语
1）目的：eg. She had to shout to make herself heard. 常见于：to do, in order to do, so as to do (不用于
句首)，可互换
2）原因：不定式常放在表示情绪反应的形容词后。如：happy, sorry, glad, sad, surpried, disappointed. 不
定式不放在句首。如：I am sorry to hear that your father is ill.
3）结果：常用only to do…来表示末曾预料到或令人不快的情况，其动作发生在谓语动作之后。
另外，固定结构：too…to do, enough to do, so / such…as to do 中，不定式也作结果状语。
4）.在形容词后作状语，只用不定式如：
The book is easy to read. (=It is easy to read the book.)
2、现在分词、过去分词可作时间、条件、让步、方式、原因、结果.伴随状语，就不作目的状语。分
词作状语时，相当于一个状语从句注：表示时间、条件或让步的分词，有时可带上连词（if, unless, when, while, once（一旦）though, although）
分词作状语时可分为以下几种形式：
* doing：用来表示主动，且前后动作同时进行。
* having done:表示主动,且动作发生在主句之前Having seen the film before, I decided not to see it again.
* being done:表示被动,且前后动作同时进行Being questioned by the police, he felt frightened.
* done:表示被动且完成Destroyed in the storm, the house will be rebuilt.
* having been done: 用来表示被动，且动作发生在主句之前
Having been defeated three times, he had to give up.
如: ①Having been told many times,he still repeated the same mistakes.
②The teaher came into he room,followed by many students.
③___ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given
3.独立成分作状语：
有些分词或者不定式短语做状语，其形式上不受上下文的影响，不需要逻辑主语，无须依着动词形
式;称作独立成分。常见的不需要逻辑主语的动词-ing/-ed形式结构:
Considering (that)…/ Seeing (that)…考虑到……suppos ing (that)…/ Proving/provided (that)/…given (that)… 如果…… generally speaking一般说来frankly speaking 坦白说Judging from… 从……判断talking of 说到…Concerning…关于……
to tell you the truth,…….. 实话实说compared to/with 与…….相比
例：①. Frankly speaking, I don’t agree with what he said. 坦白地说，我不同意他说的话。
②. Supposing he is ill, who will do the work? 假如他病了，谁来做这工作呢？
③. Judging from his accent，he is from the south. 从他口音来看，他来自南方。
4. 独立主格结构：
1）概念：非谓语动词作状语时，他的逻辑主语应该和主句主语保持一致。但有时非谓语动词带有自己的逻辑主语，在句中做状语，我们称之为独立主格结构。独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主谓关系。特别注意的是，独立主格结构与主句之间不使用任何连接词。
2）独立主格结构的特点：①独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。
②名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词等是主谓关系。
③独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。位置相当灵活，可置于主句前、主句末或主句中，由逗号与主句分开。
3）独立主格结构基本构成形式：名词(代词)+现在分词；过去分词；名词；形容词；副词；不定式；介词短语
①. 名词(代词)+现在分词：例如：
Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow. 天气允许，我们明天去看你
②. 名词(代词)+过去分词：例如：
The test finished（= When the test was finished ），we began our holiday.
③. 名词(代词)+不定式：在“名词/代词+动词不定式”结构中，动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词
如果存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，动词不定式则用主动的形式；如果是动宾关系，则用被动形式。
例如：Many trees, flowers, and grass to be planted, our newly-built school will look even more beautiful. 种上许多的树、花和草后，我们新建的学校看上去将更美。
④. 名词(代词)+形容词：例如：
Computers very small, we can use them wide电脑虽小，我们却能广泛地利用它们。
⑤. 名词(代词)+副词：例如：The meeting over, our headmaster soon left the meeting room.
散会了，校长很快就离开了会议室。
⑥. 名词(代词)+名词：例如：
His first shot failure，he fired again．他第一枪没击中，又打了一枪。
⑦. 名词(代词) +介词短语：例如：
He came into the room, his ears red with cold. 他回到了房子里，耳朵冻得红通通的。
⑧. There being +名词（代词）如：
There being nothing else to do, we went home. 没有别的事可做，我们就回家了。
⑨. It being +名词（代词）如：
It being Christmas, the government offices were closed. 由于圣诞节的缘故，政府机关都休息。4）with，without 引导的独立主格结构：
with ( without)+宾语（名词/代词）+宾语补足语，宾语通常由名词或代词充当，但代词一定要用宾格。上文的独立主格结构的几种情况都适用于此结构。例如：
①The girl hid her box without anyone knowing where it was. （without +名词/代词+动词的-ing形式）
② Without a word more spoken, she left the meeting room. （without+名词/代词+动词的-ed形式）
③典型例题：The murderer was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back。
A. being tied
B. having tied
C. to be tied
D. tied
5）5）区别：独立主格结构与分词短语都可以转换为状语从句。但是独立主格结构转换为状语从句后，它有自己的逻辑主语，与主句的主语不一致；而分词短语转换为状语从句后，
从句的主语与主句的主语一致。例如：
If time permits, we'd better have a holiday at weekends.
转换为：Time permitting, we'd better have a holiday at weekends.
When we see from the hilltop, we can find the city more beautiful.
转换：Seeing from the hilltop, we can find the city more beautiful.
根据所给句子的意思用所给词的适当形式填空（每空最多填3词） 1. Knowing （know）basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies. 2. Anyone, once tested (test) positive for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government. 3. Founded (found) in the early 20th century, the schoo l keeps on inspiring children’s love of art. 4. I got to the office earlier that day, having caught ( catch) the 7:30 train from Paddington 5. ----They might just have a place left （leave）on the writing course. -----why don't you give it a try? 6. The sunlight is white and blinding, throwing (throw) hard-edged shadows on the ground. 7. Lionel Messi, having set (set) the record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the most talented football player in Europe. 8. Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced ( reduce ) to ruins, the city took on a new look. 9. V olunteering gives you a chance to change (change) lives, including your own． 10. Finding (find) the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level． 11. When we saw the road blocked (block) with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home． 12. The sun began to rise in the sky, bathing (bathe ) the mountain in golden light. 13. You cannot accept an opinion offered (offer) to you unless it is based on facts. 14. Every day read (read) a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized. 15. To stay （stay）warm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it. 16. If asked (ask) to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once. 17. The room is empty except for a bookshelf standing (stand) in one corner. 18. I stopped the car to take (take) a short break as I was feeling tired. 19. Having eaten (eat) at the cafeteria before, Tina didn’t want to eat there again. 20. Not knowing (know) which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice. 21. The airport to be completed (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area. 22. In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words used (use) in daily conversations. 23. When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, telling (tell) me stories till I till asleep. 24. The engine just won't start. Something seems to have gone (go) wrong with it. 25. Laura was away in Paris for over a week. When she got home, there was a pile of mail waiting (wait) for her. 26. Hearing (hear) how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure. 27. There are some health problems that, when not treating (treat)in time, can become bigger ones later on. 28. As Jack left his membership card at home, he wasn’t allowed to go (go)into the sports club. 29. The club, founded (found) twenty-five years ago, is holding a party for past and present members. 30. “Genius” is a complicated concept, involving (involve) many different factors. 31. Tony lent me the money, hoping (hope) that I’d do as much for him. 32. The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy to watch (watch) anything that happened to be on. 33. I remembered to lock (lock) the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. 34. When asked (ask) for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. 35. Having been asked (ask) to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film. 36. We’re having a meeting in half an hour. The decision to be made (make) at the meeting will influence the future of our company. 37. The party will be held in the garden, weather permitted (permit). 38. Film has a much shorter history, especially when compared (compare) to such art forms as
【英语】高考英语非谓语动词真题汇编(含答案) 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English ________ in a short period. A．improved B．improving C．to improve D．improve 【答案】A 【解析】 宾语written English与improve之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾补。 2．Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work _______, we refused his offer. A．not finishing B．had not been finished C．not having finished D．not finished 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：在这里，our work处在逗号位置，作整个句子的原因状语，这里应填非谓语动词。work和finish存在逻辑上的被动关系，所以应该用过去分词，故选D。 考点：独立主格结构的考查 点评：独立主格结构（Independent Genitive）由两部分组成，前一部份是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词、或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做状语，多用于书面语。独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。 3．The rainforest is an amazing place, ________ with plants and animals that aren’t found anywhere else in the world. A．filling B．filled C．being filled D．to fill 【答案】B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：热带雨林是一个令人惊讶的地方，充满了世界其他地方不能找到的动植物。固定词组：be filled with被……充满，此处place和fill之间是一种被动关系，所以用过去分词做伴随状态，故选B。 4．Workers have been working through the night ________ the bridge safe. A．made B．to make C．being made D．having made 【答案】B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了使桥安全工人们整夜地工作。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，故选B。
最新高考英语谓语动词与非谓语动词 一、谓语动词与非谓语动词 英语实义动词根据其在句子中充当的成分可分为谓语动词 与非谓语动词。谓语动词在使用时，有时态，语态和主谓一致的语法形式变化。 主谓一致是指谓语动词要与其主语保持人称与数量的一致，谓语动词的语态有主动词语态与被动语态两种，当主语为动作的发出者或状态的引起者时，谓语动词用主动语态，当主语为动作的承受者或因外物引起的状态的时谓语动词用被 动语态。 非谓语动词，顾名思义就是指动词在句子中充当除谓语之外的语法成分。 非谓语动词没有人称与数量的限定，所以也称之为非限定动词。非限定动词有体态和语态两种形态变化。非限定动词的语态取决于非限定动词的逻辑主语，非限定动词作状语时，其逻辑主语为句子的主语；非限定动词作定语时，其逻辑主语为其修饰的那个词；非限定动词作宾语补语时其逻辑主语为宾语。在解非限定动词题时，先分析非限定动词在句子中
的语法成分，再确定其逻辑主语，根据逻辑主语来确定非限定动词的语态。 如果非限定动词与其逻辑主语之间为被动关系，一般体中过去分词可以表被动，若用不定式则需用被动式(to be done)，若用现在分词也需用被动式(being done)。 二、2020年高考对谓语与非谓语动词的考查如下： 2020(全国1卷) ①The unmanned Chang'e-4 probe (探测器) ─ the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess─ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. 做谓语动词touched（一般过去时、主动语态） ②Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e-4 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. 做非谓语动词to find（不定式做状语） ③Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon
专题一定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略） who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 whom 指人在从句中作宾语 whose 指人或物在从句中作定语 as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which 或of which+the+名词 2、as 的用法 （1）常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as 注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个 the same…that 表示同一个 （2）as与which的区别 a、位置不同 as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。 b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。 Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。 注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。 C、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。 3、but用作关系代词，相当于who/that…not 例：In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng. 二、只用that不用which的情况 1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时 2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时. 3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 4、当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 5、当先行词是数词时. 6、当先行词既指人又指物时。 7、如有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个关系代词则宜用that。 8、主句是There be结构,修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词。 9、被修饰成分为表语,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时，该关系代词宜用that。 10、先行词为what，关系代词用that。
高考英语非谓语动词知识点全集汇编及解析(6) 一、选择题 1．The boss __________ during working hours and all the workers __________ in that company. A．forbids smoking; are forbidden to smoke B．forbids to smoke; are forbidden to smoke C．forbids smoking; forbid from smoking D．forbids to smoke; are forbidden from smoking 2．The car moved so fast the it went through the highway-dividing fence, ________ in a collision in which five people died. A．to result B．resulting C．resulted D．having resulted 3．It is easy ________ the consequences of unchecked plant disease: food shortage could kill millions of people and cause unrest in the world. A．imagine B．to be imagined C．imagining D．to imagine 4．After a long journey across the whole of Europe from north to south, they found themselves _________out as well as their clothes. A．wear B．wore C．wearing D．worn 5．Last night, there were millions of people ______________ the opening ceremony live on TV. A．watch B．to watch C．watched D．watching 6．As far as I’m concerned, this book deserves ______ several times. A．being read B．to read C．reading D．read 7．Rose couldn't stand . A．being made fun of B．making fun of C．to make fun of D．being made fun 8．At last the boy had no choice but ________ the bread from the supermarket. A．admit to have stolen B．admit having stolen C．to admit to have stolen D．to admit having stolen 9．____________ with a difficult situation, the Chinese government is taking immediate measures to control the prices, which have been growing too quickly. A．To face B．Having faced C．Faced D．Facing 10．Pressed from his parents, and ____ that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games. A．realizing B．realized C．to realize D．being realized 11．—Did you have a good time at the party? —Thanks. I appreciated______to your home. A．to be invited B．to have invited C．being invited D．having invited 12．The next morning she found the man ___________ in bed, dead. A．lying B．lie C．lay D．laying 13．________ good, the food was sold out soon. A．Tasting B．Tasted C．Being tasted D．Taste
高考英语非谓语动词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．The rainforest is an amazing place, ________ with plants and animals that aren’t found anywhere else in the world. A．filling B．filled C．being filled D．to fill 【答案】B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：热带雨林是一个令人惊讶的地方，充满了世界其他地方不能找到的动植物。固定词组：be filled with被……充满，此处place和fill之间是一种被动关系，所以用过去分词做伴随状态，故选B。 2．115．______ his love, Chris sent his mom a thank-you note on Mother’s Day. A．Expressing B．Expressed C．To express D．Having expressed 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：为了表达他的爱，克里斯在母亲节那天给他的妈妈寄了一条感谢信。用不定式表目的，故选C。 3．After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on all the people who had helped in her career. A．to thank B．thanking C．having thanked D．to have thanked 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角后，Anne Benedict继续感谢所有帮助她演绎生涯的人。go on to do继续做不同的事情，所以选A。 考点：考查不定式 【名师点睛】不定式有一些具体的用法，可以做宾语，定语，状语。还有不定式的不同形式：to do；to be doing；to have done。这题要注意go on to do“继续做不同的事情”和go on doing“继续做相同的事情”的区别。结合语境是关键。 4．Pressed from his parents, and ____ that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games. A．realizing B．realized C．to realize D．being realized 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：被父母迫使同时自己也意识到他已经浪费了太多时间，这个男孩决定停止玩电脑游戏。首先要弄清楚本句中的and连接的成分是非谓语
高中英语知识点总结 1.able 用法：be able to do Note: 反义词unable表示不能，而disabled表示残疾的。 be able to do可以表示经过艰难困苦才能做到的事。 2.abroad 用法：表示到(在)国外，是一个副词，前面不加介词。 Note: 可以说from abroad, 表示从国外回来。 3.admit 用法：表示承认的时候后面要加上动名词形式。 Note: 表示允许进入的时候与介词to搭配。 4.advise 用法：advise sb. to do; advise doing Note: 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即：advise that sb. (should) do的形式。 5.afford 用法：通常与动词不定式搭配使用。 Note: 前面需要有be able to或can等词。 6.after 用法：表示在时间、空间之后;be after表示追寻。 Note: 用在将来时的时候后面接一时间点，而in接一个时间段，如：after 3 o’clock; in 3 days. 7.agree 用法：与介词on, to, with及动词不定式搭配。 Note: agree on表示达成一致;agree to表示批准;agree with表示同意某人说的话。 8.alive 用法：表语性形容词，在句中只能作表语，不能作定语。 Note: 可以作状语使用，表示活活地，如：bury sb. alive. 9.allow 用法：allow doing; allow sb. to do Note: 可以表示允许进入，如：Please allow me in. 10.among 用法：用在三者或三者以上的群体中。 Note: 还可以表示其中之一，如：He is among the best. 11.and 用法：用于连接两个词、短语、句子或其他相同结构。
语法填空中对非谓语动词的考查 实例剖析 [例1]…the proverb, “plucking up a crop 32 (help) it grow”, is based on the following story. (2008年广东) 思路分析：因句中已有谓语is based，而“plucking up a crop 32 (help) it grow”是the proverb的同位语，是一个名词短语而非同位语从句，因此，help应是谓语动词；“帮助禾苗长”是“将禾苗拨起来”的目的，作目的状语，用动词不定式，故填to help [例2]While she was getting me ___34___ (settle) into a tiny but clean room…(2007年广东) 思路分析：因句中已有谓语was getting，所以settle应是非谓语动词；又由settle sb. into/in/on…(使某人舒服地处于某处)可知，me与settle是被动关系，要用过去分词用宾补，故填settled。 考点突破 一、单句填空：用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. ___walking_________ (walk) is a good form of exercise for both young and old. (全国) 2. Eugene's never willing to alter any of his opinions. It’s no use __arguing________(argue) with him. (上海) 3. Please remain __seated_______(seat); the winner of the prize will be announced soon. (辽宁) remain在这里是一个系动词,后面要接形容词做表语,CD明显不对,可以排除,AB都是分词形式,可以充当形容词,但是主语是人,和seat应该是被动关系,所以用过去分词而不用现在分词.Please remain seated .请坐着不要动。Be seated请坐着不要动 4. — Can I smoke here? —Sorry. We don’t allow ___smoking________(smoke) here. (江苏) Sb allow sb to do sth 某人允许某人做某事 Sb allow doing sth某人被允许做某事 5.It is difficult to imagine his __accepting_____(accept) the decision without any consideration. (陕西) imagine one‘s doing sth 固定搭配 6.I can’t stand _working________(work) with Jane in the same office. She just refuses ___to stop_____(stop) talking while she works. (北京) stand(sb.)doing,“忍受(某人)做什么”;refuse to do“拒绝做 7.As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area need _repairing____________ (repair). (陕西) Need(需要) 的用法
非谓语动词专练100题 1. The great hall was crowded with many people, _____ many children _____on their parents’ laps. A. including; seated B. including; seating C. included; sat D. included; sitting 2. It’s said that the Olympic Games _____ in Beiji ng in 2008 will cover more events than any other Olympics did. A. holding B. to be held C. held D. to be holding 3. _____ for a long time, most of the crops in this area died from lacking water. A. Being no rain B. There was no rain C. To be no rain D. There being no rain 4. Yesterday a street-beggar bought a lottery ticket purposelessly, _____ him a millionaire overnight. A. making B. makes C. to make D. made 5. In the face of the big fire in October in California, many people in the fire-stricken areas moved out _____. A. to escape burning B. to escape being burned C. escaping burned D. escaping from burning 6. Taking this medicine, if _____, will of course do good to his health. A. continued B. to continue C. continues D. continuing 7. The little boy still needs the _____ 20 dollars to do with some things _____. A. remaining; remained to be settled B. remaining; remaining to be settled C. remained; remained to settle D. remained; remaining to settle 8. _____ his age, the little boy read quite well. A. Considering B. Considered C. Consider D. Having considered 9. _____ from the appearance, it is very peaceful; but in fact, a war will break out soon. A. Judged B. Judging C. Having judged D. To judge 10. —Tom enjoys _____ basketball on Sunday afternoons, doesn’t he? — Yes, he does. But what his sister enjoys _____. A. to play; dancing B. playing; to dance C. to play; to dance D. playing; is to dance 11. His letter, _____ to the wrong number, reached me late. A. having been addressed B. to have addressed C. to have been addressed D. being addressed 12. The Space Shuttle Columbia broke into pieces over Texas as it returned to the earth on February 1, 2003, _____ all seven astronauts aboard. A. having killed B. killing C. being killed D. killed 13. There are lots of places of interest _____ in our city. A. needs repairing B. needing repaired C. needed repairing D. needing to be repaired 14. — What caused the party to be put off? — _____ the invitations. A. Tom delayed sending B. Tom’s delaying sending C. Tom delaying to send D. Tom delayed to send 15. I was afraid _____ to my customers because I was afraid _____ them. A. of talking back; to lose B. of talking back; of losing C. to talk back; to lose D. to talk back; of losing 16. Standing on the top of the hill, I would not do anything but _____ the flowing of the smog
谓语动词一直以来都是高考英语语法填空题的必考点。这一考点涉及到时态、语态和主谓一致，尤其是时态。今天小编将近五年高考题中语法填空题涉及的谓语动词进行总结，希望可以为同学们解答这一类题型提供助力。 一、近五年高考英语语法填空谓语动词总结 ▲ 2019年 全国 I 卷 In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 65 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing. Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 70 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 全国 II 卷
Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” aw ard, proud Irene 64 (declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66 (make) over the years. 全国 III 卷 Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 65 (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. On the last day of our week-long stay, we 69 (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, listening to musicians and meeting interesting locals. 浙江卷 One study in America found that students’ grades 62 (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms.
高中英语知识点总结版集团文件发布号：（9816-UATWW-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DQQTY-
【2018高考】英语超重点学习营 课前资料 目录： 一、重点单词 二、重点词组 三、高级词汇 四、词组固定搭配 五、高级句型结构 六、过去完成时概念 七、阅读理解解题指导 一、重点单词 1.able 用法：be able to do Note: 反义词unable表示不能，而disabled表示残疾的。 be able to do可以表示经过艰难困苦才能做到的事。 2.abroad 用法：表示到（在）国外，是一个副词，前面不加介词。 Note: 可以说from abroad, 表示从国外回来。 3.admit 用法：表示承认的时候后面要加上动名词形式。Note: 表示允许进入的时候与介词to搭配。 4.advise 用法：advise sb. to do; advise doing Note: 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即：advise that sb. (should) do的形式。 5.afford 用法：通常与动词不定式搭配使用。 Note: 前面需要有be able to或can等词。 6.after 用法：表示在时间、空间之后；be after表示追寻。
Note: 用在将来时的时候后面接一时间点，而in接一个时间段，如：after 3 o’clock; in 3 days. 7.agree 用法：与介词on, to, with及动词不定式搭配。 Note: agree on表示达成一致；agree to 表示批准；agree with表示同意某人说的话。 8.alive 用法：表语性形容词，在句中只能作表语，不能作定语。 Note: 可以作状语使用，表示活活地，如：bury sb. alive. 9.allow 用法：allow doing; allow sb. to do Note: 可以表示允许进入，如：Please allow me in. 10.among 用法：用在三者或三者以上的群体中。 Note: 还可以表示其中之一，如：He is among the best. 11.and 用法：用于连接两个词、短语、句子或其他相同结构。Note: 与祈使句搭配时往往可以表示条件。如：Work hard, and you’ll succeed sooner or later. 12.another 用法：表示又一个，泛指，相当于one more的含义。 Note: 不能直接加复数名词，需要与一个数词搭配，如：another 2 weeks. 13.answer 用法：及物动词，但在作名词时要与介词to搭配。 Note: 可以表示接电话、应门等。如：answer the phone/door. 14.anxious 用法：be anxious for/about/to do Note: be anxious about表示担心；be anxious for表示盼望得到。 15.appear 用法：不及物动词，没有宾语，没有被动语态。 Note: 还可以作为系动词，与seem同义，表示看起来……。 16.arrive 用法：arrive at表示到一个小地方；arrive in表示到一个大地方。Note: 引申含义表示得出，如：arrive at a decision/conclusion.
【英语】高考英语非谓语动词练习题及答案 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．Tsinghua University,________ in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures. A．found B．founding C．founded D．to be founded 【答案】C 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意: 建立于1911年的清华大学是大量杰出人物的母校。Tsinghua University和found之间是被动关系, 故用过去分词作后置定语, 选C。 2．Peter was so excited _________ he received an invitation from his friend __________Chongqing. A．that; to visit B．when; to visit C．that; visiting D．when; visiting 【答案】B 【解析】 考查不定式和状语从句。句意：彼得收到朋友邀请他访问重庆的请帖时激动不已。When 引导时间状语从句，that引导结果状语从句；to visit 限定invitation做后置定语。Visiting限定friend做后置定语，句意改变了。选B。 3．Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work _______, we refused his offer. A．not finishing B．had not been finished C．not having finished D．not finished 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：在这里，our work处在逗号位置，作整个句子的原因状语，这里应填非谓语动词。work和finish存在逻辑上的被动关系，所以应该用过去分词，故选D。 考点：独立主格结构的考查 点评：独立主格结构（Independent Genitive）由两部分组成，前一部份是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词、或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做状语，多用于书面语。独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。 4．Many white collars went back to second and third-tier cities only ______that housing prices there are also jumping, traffic jams increasing and the air becoming dirty. A．to have found B．found C．to find D．finding 【答案】C 【解析】C考查动词不定式。句意：许多白领回到二、三线城市，却发现那里的房价也在上涨，交通堵塞加剧，空气变得很脏。动词不定式表示现在的结果，用动词不定式的一般式形式，故选C。