中考复习提纲
一、名词
1.定义：表示某一事物名称的词
注：1.专有名词是指人、地方、团体、机构等特有的名称。第一个字母必须大写。专有名词前一般不加冠词。
2、有普通名词构成的专有名词前要用定冠词"the"，但它不大写。eg：The Great Wall
3.可数名词如何变“复数形式”：
a．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
b．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes,
c．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families,
d．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives ，thief-thieves；e．以“o”结尾的词，一般直接加s，mango除外：mango-mangoes；
f．不规则名词复数：
完全不规则： man-men, woman-women, child-children, foot-feet mouse-mice, , tooth-teeth,
单复数同型：Chinese-Chinese，sheep-sheep，Japanese,deer...
国人：中日不变英法变，其他s跟后面
Chinese _______ Japanese_______ Englishman_______ Frenchman_______
American_______ Germans
4.可数名词修饰词：
_____________________________________________________________________
5.不可数名词没有复数。如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量，就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词+of”。例如：a glass of water, a piece of paper, a bottle of juice
不可数名词修饰词：
_____________________________________________________________________ 判断步骤：
↗如是am、is或was→原形读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→看be动词
↘如是are或were→加s或es
强调：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is或者was；最好不要根据some、any、a lot of等词去作判断，以免受误导。
3.名词所有格
名词的所有格是表示名词之间的所有关系,有两种表示形式, 一种是在名词后+'s；另一种是用of, 表示"……的"。
1. (1) 一般词的所有格, 直接在词尾 +'s。 eg. Mr. Mott's robot, children's clothes
(2) 以s结尾的名词所有格只在词尾 +' eg. teachers' books
(3) 两人共有的物体, 则在第二个名词后+'s; 如果分别是两人所有, 则在每个名词后面
+'s。
eg. Lucy and Lily's mother. (指两人共同的妈妈，一个妈)
Lucy's and Lily's mothers.（指两个人各自的妈妈，两个妈）
(4) 表示某具体场所时, 所有格后面的名词可省略
eg. the doctor's (office) Mr. White's
2.(1) 没有生命的事物一般用of 短语来表示所属关系。
eg. the wall of the classroom，a picture of the bedroom，
(2) 有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的东西的名词，也可以加's来构成所有格。
eg. ten minutes' walk, today's newspaper
练一练：
1、写出下列各词的复数。
watch _______ man_______ woman_______ leaf_______ people________
child _______ photo ________ dia r y ______ day________ foot________
dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______ box_______ strawberry _____
thief _______ engineer______ peach______ sandwich ______ map______
2、用所给名词的正确形式填空。
（1）Are there two ( box ) on the table?
（2）I can see some ( people ) in the cinema.
（3）How many ( day ) are there in a week?
（4）Here’re five ( bottle ) of ( juice ) for you.
（5）This ( violin ) is hers. Those ( grape ) are over there.
小练
一．可数名词的复数规则变化
1.map__________ girl__________ pen__________ bag_____ car__________
2.bus__________ brush__________ watch__________ box__________
3.baby__________ city__________ country__________
4.hero__________ potato__________zoo_________tomato_________
photo__________
5.knife__________ leaf_______wolf________wife__________
life________
二．可数名词复数不规则变
6.child__________foot__________ tooth__________ mouse__________ man__________ 三．国人单复数变化German________ Englishman_________ Chinese_________四．单复数同形deer__________ sheep__________
yuan__________
中等题
1.There are two__________ over there. (watch)
2.I like taking __________. (photo)
3.l can see a __________and two __________ standing there. (man,
woman)
4.There are two baskets of__________ on the floor. (apple)
5.Look at those__________. (child)
6.He doesn't like these__________. (glass)
7.How many __________can you see? (radio)
8.There are more and more __________ drivers in Shanghai now.
(woman)
9.Give me some __________, please. (water)
含性别的复合名词
1.There are twenty __________ in our hospital.
A. woman doctors
B. women doctor
C. women doctors
D. woman doctor
2.__________ are usually careful in doing exercises.
A. Girl students
B. Girls students
C. Girls’ students
D.Girl’s students
可数名词复数不规则变化
1. ----What are these? --They are __________.
A. deers
B. radios
C. Radioes
D.tomatos
2. How many __________ are there in these __________?
A. tomatos, photos
B. tomatoes, photos
C. tomatoes, photoes
D.potatos,photoes
3. Mr. Chen has two __________.
A. tooths
B. teeth
C. teeths
D.toothes
4. Here are __________ for you, Sue.
A. potatos
B. some potatoes
C. three tomatos
D. some tomato
5. Then the __________ began to eat the green __________ of young trees.
A. deer, leafs
B. deer, leaves
C. deer, leaf
D. deers, leafs
国人复数变化专项
1.I met some __________ in the park and talked with them the other day.
A. Japanese
B. American
C. Chineses
D. English
2. --- Excuse me, are you __________? --- Ye s, I’m from __________.
A. Japan, Japanese
B. China, Chinese
C. England, English
D.American, America
3. A group of __________are talking with two__________ over there.
A. Frenchmen, Germans
B. Frenchmen, Germen
C. Frenchmen, German
D. Frenchmanes, Germans
4. Yesterday a few __________ came to visit some__________ in Shantou.
A. German, places of interest
B. Germans, places of interests
C. Germans, places of interest
D. Germen, places of interest。
5. Two __________ and five __________ are studying Chinese at Beijing University.
A. German, English
B. Germans, English
C. Germans, Englishmen
D. Germen,
Englishmen
复合名词
1.The delicious dishes are cooked by __________.
A. women cooker s
B. women cooks C .woman cooks D. woman cookers
2. Julie went to the __________ to buy a pair of shoes.
A. shoes store
B. shoe’s store
C. shoe store
D. shoes’ store
简单题
1.After moving to their new house, the Lees bought some ______
in the mall nearby. (08上海)
A. furniture
B. chair
C. table
D. shelf
2.We haven’t got much __________ for our picnic. Will you go
and get some? (07上海)
A. apple
B. tomato
C. bread
D. biscuit
3.He knows __________ Chinese and has __________ Chinese
friends.
A. much, many
B. many, much
C. much, much
D. many, many
4.I’m thirsty. I think I’ll buy some __________.
A. water
B. bread
C. eggs
D. apples
5.---Would you like some __________? --Oh, yes, just（只）a
little.
A. pears
B. oranges
C. milk
D. grapes
6. Look ! There are some __________on the floor.
A child
B boxes
C water
D girl
7. There are many __________ in the fridge.
A. fish
B. fruit
C. eggs
D. bread
8. Don’t hurry! We still have __________ time left.
A. little
B. few
C. a little
D.
a few
中等题
6.Take some __________ to school. It’s so hot and you may feel
thirsty.
A. meat
B. bread
C. juice
D. orange
7.We see many __________ and __________ on the hill.
A. horses; sheeps
B. horse; sheep
C. horses; sheep
D. horse, sheeps
4. ---Could I have something to eat? ---Sure. Here’s some .
A. chicken
B. tomatoes
C. orange
D. Potato
2.There are __________students playing in the playground.
A. a great deal of
B. a large amount of
C. a large
quantity of D. a number of
3. There is __________milk and __________apples in the fridge.
Let’s get some.
A. little, a few
B. little, few
C. a little. few
D. few. a little
?不可数名词
◆简单题
1.I’ve read __________ sports news about the F1 race today.
A. two
B. pieces
C. two
pieces D. two pieces of
2.My teacher gave me __________.
A. a good advice
B. some good advices
C. some good
advice D. good advices
https://www.doczj.com/doc/447393696.html,ually, young people have black __________ and old people have
white __________.
A. hairs, ones
B. hair, one
C. hair, ones
D. hairs, one
4.Peter was busy with his work yesterday. He didn’t get __________.
A. much sleep
B. many sleeps
C. more sleep
D.
most sleep
5.I think it is a wonderful __________.
A. work
B. information
C. idea
D. news
6.Have you found some __________ on the leaves?
A. drops of water
B. drops of waters
C. drops water
D. drop of
waters
7. I want to buy __________.
A. two bottles of ink
B. two bottle of ink
C. two bottle of inks
D.
two bottles of inks
中等题
7.How many __________ did you have for breakfast?
A. loaves of bread
B. loaves of breads
C. loafs of bread
D. loaf of bread
8.We are very happy with our __________ in our studies.
A. great progresses
B. great progress
C. many progress
D. lot of
progress
9.Please pass me __________. I will correct them.
A. the test paper
B. some pieces of
test paper
C. the test papers
D. some piece of test
paper
4. I’d like to have a glass of milk and __________.
A. two breads
B. two pieces of breads
C. two pieces of bread
D. two
piece of bread
5. He bought __________.
A. two pairs of shoes
B. two pair of shoes
C. two pairs of shoe
D. two pair of shoe
抽象名词具体化
10.They had __________ climbing up to the top of the hill.
A. good time
B. the good time
C. a good time
D. good times
11.She has given us __________.
A. a great help
B. many helps
C. a large number of help
D. a
lot of help
12.I have to write __________, but I have __________ to write
__________.
A. a paper, no paper, on
B. paper, no
paper, with
C. a paper, not any papers, on
D. a paper, not a paper, on
简单题
13.This is __________ room.
A. Tom and Mary’s
B. Tom’s and Mary’s
C. Tom’s and Mary
D.
Tom and Mary
14.__________ mothers couldn’t go to the meeting, because they have
gone to Chengdu.
A. Li Lei and Lucy’s
B. Li Lei’s and Lucy’s
C. Li Lei and Lucy
D.
Li Lei and Lucy
15.__________ came to visit us this morning.
A. My father friend
B. friend of my father
C. A friend of my father’s
D. One of my father’s friend
16.It’s only ten __________ break.
A. minutes
B. minute’s
C. minutes’
D. minutes’s
5. Tom won the boys’ __________ race in our school sports meeting.
A. 15000-metre
B.15000-metres
C.15000-metre’s
D.1500 meters
6. Look at the shoes with adjustable heels. They are my __________.
A. sister
B. sister’s
C. sisters’s
D. sisters'
7. You must finish the work in__________.
A. three weeks time
B. three weeks’ time
C. three week’s time
D. three-weeks time
8. --- Whose room is this? --- It’s __________.
A. Li Ming
B. Li Ming’s
C. Li Mings
D. Li Min gs’
中等题
8.Look at the shoes. They are my __________.
A. sister
B. sisters
C. sisters’s
D. sisters'
9.This is __________ room. Come in, please.
A. John and Joan of
B. John and Joan’s
C. John’s and Joan’s
D. John’s and Joan
3. We sell __________ in our shop.
A. woman and child’s clothes
B. women and children T shirts
C. women’s and children’s jackets
D. woman’s and child’s
coats
4. We had a good time during our __________ holiday.
A. two weeks
B. two-weeks
C. two-week’s
D. two weeks’
5. __________ room is on the 5th floor.
A. Lucy and Lily
B. Lucy and Lily’s
C. Lucy’s and Lily
D.
Lucy’s and Lily’s
10.I like that son of __________.
A. John’s sister
B. John sister’s
C. John’s sister’s
D.
John’s sisters
11.On __________, all the children can play games all day.
A. Children’s Day
B. Childrens’ Day
C. The Children’s Day
D.children day
12.This is not my cap, but my __________.
A. brothers
B. brother’s
C. brothers’
D. bro ther
4. Tom's car is more beautiful than__________.
A. his brother's and sister
B. his brother
and sister
C. his brothers and sisters
D. his brother's
and sister's
5. I’ll go and call at __________ right after school.
A. the doctor
B. the Smiths
C. Smith
D.my uncle’s
中考专项训练名词专项 一、初中英语名词 1．Hurry up! Some and are on sale in the supermarket. A. tomato; egg B. tomatoes; egg C. tomatoes; eggs D. tomato; eggs 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：快点！超市里一些西红柿和鸡蛋在销售。tomato西红柿；egg鸡蛋；都是可数名词。根据some，可知此处要用复数名词。故选C。 【点评】此题考查名词复数。要注意名词的复数形式。 2．（?重庆） It's cold today. Take your with you when you go out. A. knife B. coat C. brush D. key 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天天气冷，当你出去的时候，请带上你的外衣。A. knife 小刀； B. coat外衣； C. brush 刷子； D. key钥匙。根据It’s cold today.可知，这里指的是出去带着外衣，故选B。 3．—Whose jackets are these? —They said they are______. They lost them yesterday. A. Ours B. Li Lei and Li Tao's C. Li Lei′s and Li Tao's 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：——这些是谁的夹克衫？——他们说是李雷和林涛的。他们昨天丢了。句中jackets是复数，说明夹克衫是李雷和林涛各自所有的，所以分别都要用所有格，故答案选C。 【点评】考查名词所有格，注意物品是各自拥有还是共同拥有。 4．Did you hear the ________? A scientist will visit our school. A. advice B. news C. praise D. choice 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：你听说这个消息了吗？一位科学家将要拜访我们的学校。A. advice意见； B. news新闻，消息，不可数；C. praise表扬，赞扬；D. choice 选择，抉择。根据语境，A scientist will visit our school.是一个消息，故答案选B。 【点评】考查名词辨析；注意理解选项的意思，根据语境选择合适意义的词。 5．—What else do we need to make cold beef? — . A. Two spoons salt B. Two spoons of salts C. Two spoons of salt
最新中考英语名词专题训练答案 一、初中英语名词 1． weather it is! Let's go fishing. A. What a fine B. How fine C. What fine 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】这题考查感叹句的用法：what修饰名词，how修饰形容词或副词，这句话是修饰weather，而且是不可数名词，所以选C。 2．—The last bus has left. What should we do? —Let's take a taxi. We have no other ______ now. A. choice B. reason C. habit 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：－末班车离开了。我们应该怎么办呢？－我们坐出租车吧。我们现在没有其他的选择了。A. choice选择；B. reason理由；C. habit习惯。没公交了，只有坐出租车这条选择，没有别的选择了。故选A。 【点评】此题考查名词的辨析。 3．—What would you like to eat? —Some _________, please. A. bread B. cake C. coffee D. tea 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：——你想要吃什么？——请来一些面包。bread面包；cake蛋糕；coffee咖啡；tea茶；根据What would you like to eat?可知此处介绍吃的食物，有some修饰，故此处用bread或cakes，故选A。 【点评】本题考查名词辨析，以及bread；cake；coffee；tea四个词的词义和用法。 4．— Which country do you think will win the first prize of the ____FIFA World Cup? —You mean the football match will be held in __________? A. twenty-one; Russia B. twenty-first; Russian C. twenty-first; Russia D. twenty-one; Russian 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：——你认为哪个国家会赢得第二十一届国际足联世界杯的冠军？——你是指将在俄罗斯举行的那场足球比赛？第一空，根据冠词the，判断后接序数词形式；第二空，表示在俄罗斯（Russia），Russia 在这里指国家俄罗斯，专有名词。故选C。【点评】考查数词和名词辨析。注意掌握序数词的正确写法，区分Russia和Russian的用法。
( )1. (2018 .安徽) -What is the _________ of your excellent spoken English? -Practice makes perfect ! A.result B. influence C. duty D. secret ( )2. (2018 .河北) Did you hear the ________? A scientist will visit our school. A.advice B. news C. praise D. choice ( )3. (2018 .江西)I live near a big ________. It gets very noisy on match days. A.hospital B. store C. bank D. playground ( )4. (2018 .山西) Reading the first _____ of each paragraph before you read the whole text helps you get the main idea quickly. A.letter
B. word C. sentence ( )5. (2018 .河南)-It's useless to regret what has been done. Don't make those mistakes again. -I won't. That's a( n)_______ . A.order B. decision C. promise D. agreement ( ) 6. (2018 .海南) David likes taking photos,so his father bought him a_______last week. A.camera B. dictionary C. bicycle ( )7. (2018 .福建)-I don't know how to use the App Fun Dubbin. -Ask Jimmy for help. He has lots of _______ in doing it. A.experience B. trouble C. courage ( )8. (2018 .天津)Her smile made me feel warm and lively. It was like a hidden______. A. Competition B. interview
【英语】中考英语名词专项训练及答案含解析 一、初中英语名词 1．（?重庆） It's cold today. Take your with you when you go out. A. knife B. coat C. brush D. key 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天天气冷，当你出去的时候，请带上你的外衣。A. knife 小刀； B. coat外衣； C. brush 刷子； D. key钥匙。根据It’s cold today.可知，这里指的是出去带着外衣，故选B。 2．—Mom, I will eat less fast food this year, believe me. —If you make a , you must keep it. A. joke B. noise C. mistake D. promise 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。句意：-妈妈，我今年将会少吃快餐，相信我。-如果你许下诺言，你就必须坚持它。Joke笑话；noise吵闹；mistake错误；promise诺言。结合语境，所以选D。 3．—The last bus has left. What should we do? —Let's take a taxi. We have no other ______ now. A. choice B. reason C. habit 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：－末班车离开了。我们应该怎么办呢？－我们坐出租车吧。我们现在没有其他的选择了。A. choice选择；B. reason理由；C. habit习惯。没公交了，只有坐出租车这条选择，没有别的选择了。故选A。 【点评】此题考查名词的辨析。 4．Upstairs are bedrooms. They are tidy and nice. But are in a mess. A. Lily's and Lucy's; our B. Lily's and Lucy's; ours C. Lily's and Lucy; ours D. Lily and Lucy's; our 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：楼上是利莉莉的和露西的卧室，他们整洁又好看，但是我们的一团糟。根据they，可知莉莉和露西每人有一个卧室，因此两个词都应使用所有格，故排除CD；第二空后面没有名词出现，应使用名词性物主代词，ours，我们的，故答案是B。【点评】考查名词所有格和名词性物主代词，注意当两个人分别拥有某个东西时，两个词都应使用所有格形式，如果物主代词后没有名词出现，应使用名词性物主代词。
中考中考英语总复习名词专项讲解及练习 一、初中英语名词 1．—Are you going out with Jade tonight? —That's my . Mind your own! A. offer B. business C. question D. chance 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——今天晚上你要和简一块出去吗？——那是我的事，管好你自己的事！offer提供； business商业; question问题；chance机会。That's my business那是我的事。故选B。 【点评】本题考查名词词义辨析。以及offer；business; question；chance四个词的词义和用法。 2．（?广西百色）You must go to the ________ if you want to buy vegetables. A. supermarket B. library C. theatre D. bookshop 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：如果你想要买蔬菜，你必须去超市。A.超市;B.图书馆;C.剧院;D.书店。选项中只有超市有蔬菜买卖。故选A。 3．（·柳州）Paul is a friend of . A. my brother B. my brothers C. my brother's 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：保罗是我弟弟的一个朋友。a friend of sb's...的朋友，双重所有格。应该是名词性物主代词或所有格，故选C。 【点评】考查双重所有格。掌握考查双重所有格结构。 4．—I'm looking forward to the final of the 2018 World Cup. —Me too. I hope the German team will be the . It's my favourite. A. player B. winner C. loser 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：---我正盼望着2018年世界杯的决赛。---我也是，我希望德国队会是获胜者。它是我最喜欢的。player运动员；winner获胜者；loser失败者。根据后一句my favorite可知德国队是“我”支持的球队，当然希望它“赢”，故答案为B。 【点评】考查名词辨析，理解句意，根据语境判断答案。 5．—What else do we need to make cold beef? — . A. Two spoons salt B. Two spoons of salts C. Two spoons of salt 【答案】 C
中考英语练习-------名词 例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！ 1. They got much _____ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. news D. stories 2. I have two _______ and three bottles of _________ here. A. orange, orange B. oranges, oranges C. oranges, orange D. orange, oranges 3. Every evening M r. King takes a _________ to his home . A. 25 minutes’ walk B. 25 minute’s walk C. 25 minute walk D. 25 minutes walk 4. An old _______ wants to see you. A. people B. person C. the people D. the person 5. Help yourself to __________. A. chickens and apples B. chickens and apple C. chicken and apple D. chicken and apples 6. Oh, dear. I forgot the two _________. A. room’s number B. rooms’ number C. room numbers D. rooms’ numbers 7. She has been in Tianjin for ten years. Tianjin has become her second _________. A. family B. house C. home D. room 8. ________ mothers couldn’t go to the meeting, because the y have gone to Shanghai . A. Mary and Peter’s B. Mary and Peter C. Mary’s and Peter D. Mary’s and Peter’s 9. Li Lei has been to __________ many times this month. A. her uncle B. her uncle’s C. her uncles D. aunt’s 10. He is a success as a leader but he hasn’t ________ in teaching. A. many experiences B. much experience C. an experience D. a lot experience 11. A classmate of _________ was here ten minutes ago. A. you B. yo ur C. your sister D. your sister’s 12. A group of _________ are talking with two ___________. A. Frenchmen, Germans B. Germans ,Frenchmans C. Frenchmans , Germen D. Germen , Frenchmen team ________ having a meeting . A. is B. are C. am D. be 14. “Would you like _________” “________, please.” A. drink, Three coffees B. a cup of drink, Coffees C. a drink, A coffee D. a drink, Three cups of coffees 15. The Great Wall was made not only by _______, but also the flesh and blood of ________ men. and stone, millions of B. earths and stones, millions C. the earth and stone, million of D. the earths and stones, millions
中考英语专题复习二-------名词 考点一：不可数名词 1、不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词，它们不能直接和表示数字的词或不定冠词连用，也没有_______形式。常考的不可数名词有：news（新闻）, information（信息）, 建议________, 天气________, 家庭作业____________, 时间_______, 钱__________, 纸___________，音乐 ___________等。 2、不可数名词可以借助______来表示一定的数量。但也可以用much（许多）, some/any（一些）, a little(一点点),little (几乎没有) plenty of（很多）, a lot of(=lots of)（许多）等修饰不可数名词。一则新闻：a piece of news ; 两瓶水：two bottles of water ; 四条建议 ________________________ ; 六张纸_________________ ；你能借给我一些钱吗？Could you lend me__________________? 【中考真题再现】 ( ) 1. All the _____ are made of ______ , not plastics. A. glass; glass B. glasses, glass C. glasses , glasses D. glass, glasses ( ) 2. Jenny gave us ____ on how to improve English. A. some advices B. many advices C. some advice D. an advice 考点二：可数名词单数变为复数的几条规律 1、一般直接加-s: 比如：girl---__________map---_________ 2、以-s, -x, -sh, -ch结尾的单词常在词尾加—es: 比如：bus—_______ brush---_______ 3、以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i，再加—es: 比如：story---_______ baby---_______ 4、以--o结尾的名词变复数常有下列2种变化： ①【口诀：黑人和英雄正在吃士豆和西红柿。】 说明：Negro(黑人)，hero(英雄),potato(土豆)，tomato(西红柿)，这四个名词变复数时，在词尾加-es。 ②其它以o结尾的名词一般加-s, radio_______ zoo______ kangaroo__________(袋鼠) photo________(照片) kilo_________(千克) 5、以“f”和“fe”结尾，一般改f 或fe 为v,再+es 【口决：树叶多半自己黄，妻子拿刀去割粮。架后窜出一只狼，就像盗贼逃命忙。】 说明：leaf(树叶)，half(半)，self(自己)，wife (妻子)，knife(刀子)，shelf(架子)，wolf(狼)， thief(盗贼)，life(生命) 这九个名词变复数时都要变f或fe为v, 再加-es。 比如: leaf_______ half ________ myself_________ wife________ knife__________ 6、【可数名词变复数名词的不规则变化】 1)改变单数名词中的元音字母或其它形式。 ①foot—_______ (脚) tooth---_______ (牙齿) ②goose—______ (鹅) woman ---______ (女人) ③man ---_______ (男人) ④child ---_______ (孩子) ⑤mouse ---_______ (老鼠) ★与man 和woman构成的合成词，两部分都要变成复数形式。 e.g.: woman doctor ---wom e n doctor s（女医生）man driver—m e n driver s (男司机) 2)巧记某国人单复数常有下列三种变化。
名词 名词：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。 1. 可数名词和不可数名词：【理解并能区别所学的可数名词和不可数名词】 英语的名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。表示可以计数的事物的名词叫可数名词，一般有单数和复数形式两种形式。可数名词的单数变为复数的规则为：1）一般情况下，在可数名词的单数形式后面加字母-s构成复数形式。 如：book－books；pen－pens；eraser－erasers 2）以字母x；s；ch；sh结尾的单词，其复数形式是在单词后面加字母-es。 如：bus－buses；box－boxes；watch－watches 3）以辅音字母＋ｙ结尾的可数名词，其复数形式是把字母ｙ变为i再加-es。如：baby－babies；country－countries；city－cities 注意：如果是以元音字母＋y结尾的单词则直接加字母-s。 如：boy－boys；toy－toys 4）以字母f或者fe结尾的可数名词，其复数形式是先把字母f变为v再加-es。如：wife－wives；leaf－leaves；knife－knives 5）以字母o结尾的可数名词，其复数形式一般加-s，或－es。 如：photo－photos，radio－radios，piano－pianos，tomato－tomatoes，potato －potatoes 6）一些特殊变化的复数形式。 如：man/woman－men/women；child－children； foot－feet；tooth－teeth；mouse－mice 7）有些名词的单复数形式相同： 如：sheep，deer，Chinese，Japanese，yuan（元），jin （斤） 注意： 有些集体名词本身既表示单数意义又表示复数意义。当这些名词指代一个单位、机构或被看成一个整体时，作单数形式理解；如果表示这个群体的所有成员，通常被看作复数。 常用的这类词有： class 班级；team 队（员）；family 家庭/人；government 政府；group 组（员） The family is not large. 这个家庭不大。（指家庭这个整体） The family are all music lovers. 这一家人都是音乐爱好者。（指家庭中的成员）Almost all families in this village have taken part in the program. （指多个家庭）在这个村庄几乎所有家庭都参加了这个节目。 2．不可数名词“量”的表示方法 1）用much, a little, a lot of/lots of, some, any等表示多少。如： The rich man has a lot of money．那个富人有很多钱。 There is some milk in the bottle．瓶子里有一些牛奶。
专题一名词测试过关 考号：_____ 姓名：____________ 做题时间： 30分钟得分：_______ （）1. Mr. Black is __. But he likes to drive a __ car. A. English; Chinese B. an English; China C. an England; China’s D. English; Japan （）2. Lily and Lucy are from _______. A. English B. Chinese C. England D. French （）3.--Can you buy some eggs for dinner, mum? --Oh, no. There are _______ on the table. A. a box of egg B. two boxes of eggs C. two boxes of egg D. a boxes of eggs （）4. The bus station is about five ___ from his home. A. hundred meter B. hundreds of meter C. hundred meters D. hundreds of meters （）5. Our math teacher has _______ daughter. A. a 8-year-old B. an 8-years-old C. an 8-year-old D. an 8-year-olds （）6. It will take us _______ walk to get there. A. one hour and a half B. one and a half hour C. one and half hours D. o ne and a half hour’s （）7. There are many _____ in our school. A. woman teachers B. man teachers C. women teachers D. men’s teachers （）8. There must be something wrong with her ______because she can’t see things clearly. A. eyes B. ears C. nose D. face （）9. How many _____ are there in your family? A. peoples B. people C. man D. woman （）10. In the picture you can see a ___ and many __. A. cat, sheeps B. cat, sheep C. sheep, cat D. cats, sheeps （）11. Those _____ stole a few ______ yesterday. A. thiefs, fishes B. thieves, fish C. thiefs, fishes D. thief, fish （）12. She is always complaining because______ people can get on well with her. A. few B. little C. a few D. a little （）13. The room is too small, there’s no enough ______for another chair. A. rooms B. room C. place D. spaces （）14. How many ____ are there in these _____? A. tomatoes, photo B. tomatoes, photos C. potato, photos D. potatoes, photo （）15. The little boy has two _______. A. geese B. tooth C. dog D. cat （）16. In order to keep fit, you should eat ______ fast food and _____ fresh vegetables. A. fewer, fewer B. less, more C. more, less D. many; little （）17. I’m thirsty. I’d like to drink some _____. A. water B. bread C. eggs D. meat （）18. Let the children go away. They're making so much ______ here. A. noise B. voice C. sounds D. volume （）19. What _______ it is today! A. a nice weather B. nice weather C. nice a weather D. good a climate （）20. I want _______ and two apples for lunch. A. a piece of bread B. two piece of breads C. two piece of bread D. a pieces of bread （）21.---How many____ would you like? --Two. A. cups of coffee B. cups of teas C. cup of teas D. cup of coffee
中考语法专项一名词 1.名词的数 可数名词——一般是个体名词，如a boy(一个男孩)，集体名词 a family(一个家庭)，可数名词在句子中必须有头或是有尾，头就是a，one，an 或物主代词；尾就是复数形式。 特殊的复数形式: 1）集体名词：集体名词不能运用具体的数字修饰，下面的集体名词，不能用a，one，two 等修饰，只能在其前加the 表示“全体……”。 the police 警察(指全体警察) the English 英国人(指全体英国人) the French 法国人(指全体法国人) 2）复合名词 a woman teacher—women teachers 女教师an Englishman—Englishmen 英国男子 a grown-up—grown-ups 成人 a brother-in-law—brothers-in-law 内兄、内弟、小叔、大伯 2.不可数名词 专有名词：NBA 全美篮球协会Michael Jackson 迈克杰克逊the West Lake 西湖 物质名词：液体：milk water tea coffee juice oil(油) 肉类：beef chicken mutton pork 天气：weather rain snow wind light 光 其他：news(新闻，消息) bread(面包) 抽象名词：fun love luck duty kindness 善良happiness 幸福progress 进步 【注意】有些不可数的物质名词有复数形式，但表达不同意义。 tea—different kinds of teas 不同种类的茶
中考英语名词专题训练答案及解析 一、初中英语名词 1．（·鄂州）—The dishes in this restaurant must be very expensive. —Don't worry. You can enjoy yourself. It's my _________. A. time B. treat C. task D. taste 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——餐馆里的菜一定非常贵。——别担心，你可以随便吃，我请客。It's my treat.我请客。故选B。 【点评】考查名词辨析。 2． I have the ____of reading before sleeping. It has been part of my life. A. courage B. chance C. spirit D. habit 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：我有睡觉前看书的习惯，这已经是我生活的一部分。courage勇气；chance机会；spirit精神；habit习惯。根据句意可知选Ｄ。 【点评】考查名词辨析。 3．Upstairs are bedrooms. They are tidy and nice. But are in a mess. A. Lily's and Lucy's; our B. Lily's and Lucy's; ours C. Lily's and Lucy; ours D. Lily and Lucy's; our 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：楼上是利莉莉的和露西的卧室，他们整洁又好看，但是我们的一团糟。根据they，可知莉莉和露西每人有一个卧室，因此两个词都应使用所有格，故排除CD；第二空后面没有名词出现，应使用名词性物主代词，ours，我们的，故答案是B。【点评】考查名词所有格和名词性物主代词，注意当两个人分别拥有某个东西时，两个词都应使用所有格形式，如果物主代词后没有名词出现，应使用名词性物主代词。 4．—What was the _______ of the football match last night? — AC Milan won the game. A. value B. result C. choice D. decision 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：---昨天晚上的足球赛的结果是什么？---AC米兰队赢了。value价值；result结果；choice选择；decision决定。根据句意可知，比赛所涉及的当然是结果，故答案为B。 【点评】考查名词词义辨析，熟记单词，理解句意，注意基本逻辑。
中考英语名词专项 一、初中英语名词 1．—What is the ______ of your excellent spoken English? —Practice makes perfect! A. result B. influence C. duty D. secret 【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意：你流利口语的秘诀是什么？-- 实践出真知。A. 结果B. 影响C. 职责 D.t秘诀，故答案为D。 【点评】本题考查名词的词义辨析。 2．Did you hear the ________? A scientist will visit our school. A. advice B. news C. praise D. choice 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：你听说这个消息了吗？一位科学家将要拜访我们的学校。A. advice意见； B. news新闻，消息，不可数；C. praise表扬，赞扬；D. choice 选择，抉择。根据语境，A scientist will visit our school.是一个消息，故答案选B。 【点评】考查名词辨析；注意理解选项的意思，根据语境选择合适意义的词。 3．—Mr. Li, I feel a little nervous before the coming exam. —You'd better take a break from studies and relax yourself. A. rest B. breath C. walk 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：---李老师，考试前我感觉有点紧张。---你最好从学习中休息一下，放松自己。break中断；休息；rest休息；breath呼吸；walk步行。故答案为A。 【点评】考查词义辨析，理解句意，弄清划线的单词和备选项的意思，即可得出答案。 4．（?江苏扬州）——Finding information is not a big deal today.—— Well, the ______is how we can tell whether the information is useful or not. A. courage B. message C. challenge D. knowledge 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:一一现在找到信息不是难事。一一哦，最大的挑战是我们是否可以说出信息有用与否。A.勇气;B.消息，信息;C. 挑战;D.知识。找到信息它易，辨别是否有用是对我们的挑战。故选C。 5．（?贵州遵义）.A: Can I help you, madam? B: I want_ .
▲名词专项: 一、名词分专有名词和普通名词 1.专有名词:表示具体的人,事物,地点或机构的专有名称。(首字母大写)例如: China 中国Asia 亚洲Beijing 北京 专有名词如果是含有普通名词的短语,则必须使用定冠词the。例如:the Great Wall 长城 姓氏名如果采用复数形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义),例如:the Greens 格林一家人 2.普通名词:表示某些人,某类事物,某种物质或抽象概念的名称。例如: teacher 老师tea 茶reform 改革 普通名词又可进一步分为四类 1) 个体名称:表示单个的人和事物。 house 马car 汽车room 房间apple 苹果fun 风扇picture 照片 2) 集体名称:表示一群人或一些事物的名称。 people 人们family 家庭army 军队government 政府group 集团 3) 物质名词:表示物质或不具备确定形状和大小的个体的物质。 fire 火steel 钢air 空气water 水milk 牛奶 4)抽象名词:表示动作,状态,品质或其他抽象概念。
labour 劳动health 健康life 生活friendship友情patience耐力 二、名词分可数名词和不可数名词 1.可数名词,有复数形式,如:an apple two apples a car some cars (1)一般情况下,在词尾加-s. 例如:bags,maps,pens,desks,workers (2) 以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的词加-es.例如:buses watches boxes (3)以ce,se,ze,(d)ge等结尾的词加-s.例如:licences blouses oranges (4) 以辅音字母+y结尾的词去y改i加-es.例如:babies families (5) 名词以-f 或-fe 结尾的,把-f 或-fe 变成-ves. 例 如:bookshelves,wives,knives 注:英语中有些名词的复数形式是不规则的,需要一一记忆常见的有: man men woman women foot feet tooth teeth mouse nice sheep sheep dear dear fish fish 英语中有些名词总是以复数形式出现,例如: scissors 剪刀goods 货物trousers 裤子clothes 衣服glasses 玻璃杯 2.不可数名词,没有复数形式. (抽象名词,物质名词和专有名词一般是不可数名词)如:san沙sugar糖(1)最常见的不可数名词有: advice,baggage,change,furniture,hair,homework,information,knowledge ,luggage,money, news,progress,traffic
中考复习提纲 一、名词 1.定义：表示某一事物名称的词 & 注：1.专有名词是指人、地方、团体、机构等特有的名称。第一个字母必须大写。专有名词前一般不加冠词。 2、有普通名词构成的专有名词前要用定冠词"the"，但它不大写。eg：The Great Wall 3.可数名词如何变“复数形式”： a．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds b．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, c．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, d．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives ，thief-thieves；e．以“o”结尾的词，一般直接加s，mango除外：mango-mangoes； f．不规则名词复数： # 完全不规则：man-men, woman-women, child-children, foot-feet mouse-mice, , tooth-teeth, 单复数同型：Chinese-Chinese，sheep-sheep，Japanese,deer... 国人：中日不变英法变，其他s跟后面 Chinese _______ Japanese_______ Englishman_______ Frenchman_______ American_______ Germans 4.可数名词修饰词： _____________________________________________________________________
译林版中考英语中考英语总复习名词专题(含答案) 一、初中英语名词 1．— I have a bad cold. — Sorry to hear that. You'd better go to see a ________ at once. A. doctor B. cook C. writer D. farmer 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：——我得了重感冒。——很遗憾听到这些，你最好马上去看医生。从上文可看出，说话人“得了感冒“，需要去看”医生“，固定搭配see a doctor，故答案选 A。 【点评】考查名词辨析，根据语境选择合适意义的词。 2．（·柳州）Paul is a friend of . A. my brother B. my brothers C. my brother's 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：保罗是我弟弟的一个朋友。a friend of sb's...的朋友，双重所有格。应该是名词性物主代词或所有格，故选C。 【点评】考查双重所有格。掌握考查双重所有格结构。 3．（·鄂州）—The dishes in this restaurant must be very expensive. —Don't worry. You can enjoy yourself. It's my _________. A. time B. treat C. task D. taste 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——餐馆里的菜一定非常贵。——别担心，你可以随便吃，我请客。It's my treat.我请客。故选B。 【点评】考查名词辨析。 4．（?苏州）Steve Jobs was full of — always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society. A. instruction B. invitation C. introduction D. invention 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。句意：史蒂夫·乔布斯充满了发明-总是提出新的想法，这导致了社会的巨大变化。instruction指令；invitation邀请；introduction介绍，说明；invention发明。结合语境，所以选D。 5．（?徐州）My cousin works for an airline. He flies planes. He is __________.