M1U2 Heat is part of our everyday lives
热是我们日常生活的一部分
⊙Warm-up 热身
Many animals, such as bears, foxes, and rabbits, have thick fur that protects them from the cold and helps keep their body temperature warm. Do you know how the penguins living in the South Pole keep themselves warm?
许多动物，如熊、狐狸和兔子，都有厚厚的皮毛，可以保护它们不受寒冷，并帮助保持体温的温暖。你知道在南极的企鹅是如何保持温暖的吗？
⊙Big question to think about while you read 你读的时候要思考的大问题What is the impact of the heat on our life? 热对我们的生活有什么影响？
⊙Content Vocabulary 内容词汇
1. conductor n. something that allows electricity or heat to travel along it or through it
导体能使电力或热能沿着它或通过它的东西
2.ceramic n. the art of making pots, bowls. tiles, etc. by shaping pieces of clay and baking them until they are hard or things that are made this way 陶瓷制作盆、碗的艺术。通过塑造一块粘土和烘烤他们的方式，直到他们成为硬的东西
3. instrument n. a small tool used in work such as science or medicine 仪器在科学或医
学等工作中使用的小工具
4. mercury n. a heavy silver-white poisonous metal that is liquid at ordinary temperatures, and is used in the thermometers 汞一个沉重的银白色有毒金属在常温下是液体，常用于温度计
⊙Heat causes changes 热导致变化
We have seen how energy is transferred in the form of heat. Heat can cause major changes in substances. For example, when water is heated, it changes from a liquid to a gas. Ice, which is the solid form of water, changes to a liquid when it is heated.
Water changes constantly around us as part of the water cycle. Heat has other effects on materials. There are some materials that expand, or get bigger, when they are heated.
For example, metal expands. If you cannot unscrew the metal lid of a jar of mustard,it is easier to unscrew the lid if you first put the lid in hot water for a few minutes. In this way,heat from the hot water will make the metal of the lid expand. This allows you to open the lid more easily.
In contrast. some materials tend to contract,or get smaller, when they get cold. For example, the metal lid on the mustard jar will get tighter as it cools in the refrigerator.
我们已经看到了能量是如何以热量的形式转移的。热会导致物质的主要变化。例如，当水被加热时，它从液体转变为气体。冰是水的固体形式，在加热时改变了液体。作为水循环的一部分，我们周围的水不断变化。热对材料有其他影响。有一些材料，扩大，或更大，当他们被加热。例如，金属膨胀。如果你不能拧下一罐芥末的金属盖，如果你先把盖子盖在热水里，就更容易拧下盖子。这样，热的热水会使盖的金属膨胀。这让你更容易打开盖子。相比之下。有些材料倾向于收缩，或变小，当它们变冷。例如，芥末罐上的金属盖在冰箱里冷却后会变得更紧。
⊙Heat and common materials 热与普通材料
Did you know that railroad tracks are made from smaller pieces of metal that have openings between them rather than one large piece of metal? This allows the metal in the tracks to have room to expand and contract as the weather gets hotter or colder. There are also materials that help to transfer heat. These materials are called conductors. They let heat pass quickly from one object to another. Things made from metal or ceramic are good conductors of heat.
Firefighters wear special uniforms that protect them from getting burned when they are putting out fires.
你知道吗？铁路轨道是由较小的金属片制成的，它们之间有开口，而不是一大块金属？这使得轨道上的金属有空间扩大和合同，因为天气变得越来越热或更冷。也有助于转移热量的材料。这些材料被称为导体。他们让热量迅速从一个物体传给另一个物体。金属或陶瓷制成的东西是热的导体。消防员穿上特别的制服，当他们扑灭火灾时保护他们不被烧伤。
⊙Are temperature and heat the same? 温度和热量一样吗？
Heat is a form of energy that passes and is transferred continually from a hot thing to a cooler thing. Temperature is the measure of how cold or hot a person or an object is.
How can we know how hot something is? Is our sense of touch good enough to identify the temperature of a person?
Human skin is very sensitive to changes in the temperature, but it cannot measure temperatures very accurately.
If you become sick, your parents may feel your forehead for signs of a fever. But a person's hand cannot measure the exact temperature of the body. Therefore, people use an instrument called a thermometer that offers an exact temperature.
The normal temperature of a human body is 37-C. Knowing someone's body temperature is very important, especially for young children. If a young child's temperature gets much higher than normal, the child should be monitored carefully and perhaps taken to a doctor.
In the past, people used thermometers with a liquid metal called mercury inside. Mercury was used because it rises (goes up) when it is hot and descends ( goes down) when it is cold.However, mercury is a poisonous substance that can harm the environment. Nowadays, people use digital thermometers to measure body temperature.
热量是一种能量形式，通过一个热的东西，从一个热的东西到一个更冷的东西。温度是衡量一个人或一个物体的冷、热的方法。我们怎么知道有多热？我们的触觉够好，能辨别一个人的体温吗？人体皮肤对温度的变化非常敏感，但它不能准确测量温度。如果你生病了，你的父母可能会感觉你的额头有发热的迹象。但是一个人的手无法测量身体的温度。因此，人们使用一种叫做温度计的仪器，提供准确的温度。人体的正常体温是37-c.知道一个人的体温是很重要的，尤其是年轻的孩子。如果一个孩子的体温比正常人高很多，孩子就应该仔细监测，也许是要去看医生。在过去，人们用温度计与液体金属汞在里面。汞的使用是因为它的热而下降（上升），当它是冷的时候，它是冷的，但是，汞是一种有毒物质，可以损害环境。如今，人们用数字温度计测量体温。
⊙Reflection questions on what you read 关于你所读到的问题的思考
1. How does the heat change substances? 热如何改变物质？
2. Why is the handle of pots and pans often made of hard plastic or wood?
为什么是用硬塑料或木头制成的锅和平底锅的手柄？
3. Think of things you use every day that help protect you from heat, burns, or cold. List
at least five items. 想想你每天使用的东西，有助于保护你不受高温、烧伤或寒冷的保护。至少五项列表。
4. What is the relationship between heat and temperature? 热与温度的关系是什么？
第2篇Heat 热词组表
1、thick [θ?k] 厚
2、fur [f??] 毛皮
3、temperature [?temp(?)r?t??] 温度
4、penguin [?pe?gw?n] 企鹅
5、the South Pole [e?] [sa?θ] [p??l] 南极
6、electricity [??lek?tr?s?t?] 电
7、ceramic [s??r?m?k] 陶瓷
8、pot [p?t] 锅
9、bowl [b??l] 碗
10、tile [ta?l] 瓦
11、shape [?e?p] 形状
12、clay [kle?] 粘土
13、instrument [??nstr?m(?)nt] 仪器
14、medicine [?meds(?)n] 医学
15、mercury [?m??kj?ri] 汞
16、silver-white silver-white 银白色
17、poisonous [?p??z?n?s] 有毒的
18、metal [?met(?)l] 金属
19、liquid [?l?kw?d] 液体
20、ordinary [???d?n(?)r?] 普通
21、thermometer [θ??m?m?t?] 温度计
22、major [?me?d??] 大
23、solid [?s?l?d] 固体
24、constantly [?k?nst(?)ntl?] 不断
25、cycle [?sa?k(?)l] 周期
26、unscrew [?n?skru?] 拧下
27、contrast [?k?ntrɑ?st] 对比
28、tend [tend] 往往
29、contract [?k?ntr?kt] 合同
30、mustard [?m?st?d] 芥末
31、jar [d?ɑ?] 罐
32、refrigerator. [r??fr?d??re?t?] 冰箱
33、common [?k?m?n] 常见的
34、railroad [?re?lr??d] 铁路
35、track [tr?k] 轨道
36、expand [?k?sp?nd] 扩大
37、conductor [k?n?d?kt?] 导体
38、object [??bd??kt] 对象
39、firefighter [?fa??fa?t?] 消防队员
40、uniform [?ju?n?f??m] 均匀
41、protect [pr??tekt] 保护
42、burn [b??n] 烧伤
43、put out [p?t] [a?t] 提出
44、the same [e?] [se?m] 相同
45、 a form of [f??m] 一种形式
46、continually [k?n?t?nj??l?] 不断
47、sense [sens] 感
48、identify [a??dent?fa?] 识别
49、person [?p??s(?)n] 的人
50、skin [sk?n] 皮肤
51、sensitive [?sens?t?v] 敏感
52、accurately [??kj?r?tli] 准确
53、forehead [?f??hed; ?f?r?d] 额头
54、sign [sa?n] 标志
55、 a fever [?; e?] [?fi?v?] 发烧
56、exact [?g?z?kt; eg-] 精确
57、an instrument [??nstr?m(?)nt] 一种乐器
58、an exact temperature [?g?z?kt]
[?temp(?)r?t??]
精确的温度
59、monitory ['m?n?t?r?] 监控
60、descend [d??send] 下降
61、nowadays [?na??de?z] 如今
62、digital [?d?d??t(?)l] 数字
63、measure [?me??] 测量
64、handle [?h?nd(?)l] 手柄
65、pan [p?n] 潘
66、wood [w?d] 木材
67、item [?a?t?m] 项目
科普英语竞赛真题 Prepared on 22 November 2020
科普英语竞赛真题Ⅰ.单项选择。(19分) 1. —They are thirsty. Will you please give them________ ---Certainly. A. some bottle of orange B. some bottles of oranges C. some bottle of oranges D. some bottles of orange 2. The children w on’t go on a picnic if it______ next Sunday A. rain B. rained C. rains D. will rain 3. It’s summer now. The farmers are busy_______ the summer harvest. A. get ready for B. to get ready for C. getting ready for D. getting ready to 4. Few people_______ at home at weekend . A. likes to stay B. like stay C. like staying D. like staying 5. Is there any more________ in the room A. people B. books C. sheep D. room 6. The children________ go to bed until their mother comes back. A. will B. won’t C. didn’t D. around 7. I told him________ the basket under the tree, but he didn’t listen. A. don’t put B. didn’t put C. mot put D. mot to put 8. I don’t know when________ his hometown. A. he left B. is he leaving C. he leave D. does he leave
2015年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试英语试卷 （满分150分，考试时间100分钟） 考生注意：本卷有7大题，共94小题。试题均采用连续编号，所有答案务必按照规定在答题纸上完成，做在试卷上不给分。 Part 1 Listening （第一部分听力） I. Listening comprehension（听力理解）（共30分） A．Listen and choose the right picture（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）（6分） 1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. __________ 5. __________ 6. __________ B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear（根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）（8分） 7. A) A dog. B) A cat. C) A rabbit. D) A bird. 8. A) In France. B) In Britain. C) In Italy. D) In Germany. 9. A) At 6:30. B) At 7:00. C) At 7:30. D) At 8:00. 10. A) Sam. B) Judy. C) Kitty. D) Eddie. 11. A) Spring. B) Summer. C) Autumn. D) Winter. 12. A) Because a huge dog ran after her. B) Because she had a terrible dream. C) Because her dad woke her up. D) Because the street was too dark. 13. A) Walking to his office. B) Looking for a flat. C) Taking some pictures. D) Decorating his bedroom. 14. A) How to make movies. B) How to read novels. C) How to learn English. D) How to talk with foreigners. C. Listen to the dialogue and tell whether the following statements are true or false（判断下列句子是否符合你听到的对话内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）（6分） 15. The boy went to a store to choose a mobile phone for his mum. 16. With the help of the shop assistant, the boy knew how the phone worked. 17. The price of the white phone was too high for the boy. 18. The white phone couldn’t be used to send emails or play games. 19. At last, the boy bought a phone of the same model as the shop assistant’s.
科普英语竞赛翻译中的若干问题 1．注意科技文体风格，使用科技英语语言 科技文体的特点是结构缜密、概念准确、行文流畅、逻辑性强，词语的专业性强而修饰性较弱。在词汇方面，科技英语大量使用名词化结构和动词的非限定式，即分词、动名词和动词不定式；词汇的组成可分三类：一是被赋予新义的常用词，二是从拉丁语、希腊语等外来语中借用的词汇，三是新造词。在语法方面，科技英语多用现在时（尤其是一般现在时）、被动语态、非人称主语及定语从句。科技文体是比较正式庄重的文体。 译文能否体现科技文体的特色，关键是译文中的词汇、语法、句法结构等是否与原文中的诸因素契合一致。 1）辨析文体色彩 词汇是文章最基本表现材料，文章的总体风貌必然反映在词汇上。翻译中的选词是否准确直接关系到译文能否体现原文的总体风貌。 The agenda of ongoing work in the social and behavioral sciences has been revealed here in only the most fragmentary way. But I hope these fragments will provide some glimpse into the excitement and significance of the whole. 关于在社会和行为科学中我们目前正在搞的工作的进程，在这儿只是以很不搭界的方式摆出来的；可是我希望这些拉拉杂杂的东西倒能使读者见识一下我们整个的研究工作是多么有趣又是多么有意义。 这里展示的并非社会科学和行为科学的总体现状，只不过是让读者见其一斑。然而，笔者希望这零散材料能引起人们的兴趣，使之对全部工作的重要意义有个概略的了解。 2）理清学科归属 英语词汇的突出特点表现为一词多义。一个常用词的词义可以依据其所处的不同上下文辐射到各个不同的学科，形成一个语意辐射圈。随着社会的进步、科学的发展，越来越多的词被赋予新义，其语义辐射范围也随之扩大。译者首先应明确原文所涉及的学科范畴：是数学、物理学、化学还是医学…… They made their base at Cape Evans and planned the journey
I. Life Science 生命科学 The Five Senses 视觉、听觉、味觉、嗅觉和触觉是人类最基本的五种感觉，即五官感觉。我们通过它们感知外界物体，获取与机体生存紧密相关的重要信息，从而对所处环境作出分析判断。五感在我们的日常生活中扮演了至关重要的角色。 Sport injuries 肌肉是支撑人体活动的重要部分，我们要小心保护，防止肌肉受伤。 ·Warm-up Do you know any kind of sport injuries? Have you suffered from any of them? ·Big question to think about while you read What are sprains and fractures? Sprains occur when a muscle is pulled too far. The result can be a break or a tear of a ligament. Sprains can sometimes happen as the result of an injury, such as a fall. Sprains can also happen when you do not warm up your muscles before you exercise. A broken bone often occurs as the result of an accident. A broken bone is called a fracture. How can you tell if a bone is broken? The pain in the area is very strong. You cannot move the part that is broken. The part that is broken begins to swell or grow bigger. In most cases, you should not move because a bone may be broken Get someone's help to call an ambulance immediately. You will be taken to a hospital nearby to check whether or not you have a broken bone. To check this, you will normally get an X-ray. An X-ray is a black and white picture of the bones taken with a special machine. It lets a doctor see if a bone is broken. (178 words) ·Reflection questions on what you read 1. What are the differences between sprains and fractures? 2. How can a doctor tell whether there's a broken bone or not? 3. What should you do if a sprain occurs? 4. Which one do you think is more serious, a sprain or a broken bone?
第九届初中生科普英语 竞赛辅导材料 LG GROUP system office room 【LGA16H-LGYY-LGUA8Q8-LGA162】
第九届初中生科普英语竞赛辅导材料 1．An Animal that Sees with Its Ears echolocation[eku lu’kein] n. 回声定位能力, 回声定位法 eyesight ['asat ] n. 视力 object ['bdikt ] n. 物体 宾语从句Scientists now know that bats ‘see’ by using what we call ‘echolocation’. 表语从句 Here is how it works. It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth. It is almost impossible to trick them. use their eyesight to hunt for food certain bats: some bats make a sound send out sound waves a fraction of a sound later: in a short time not only…but… even though: even if 即使 without any trouble more importantly? catch it in mid-air tell v. 判断 something good to e 2．Fish with flashlights? 现在完成时 have+过去分词 Have you ever heard of a fish with flashlight 现在完成进行时 Have you ever been sitting at home when the electricity went off 现在分词doing，具有形容词或副词的特点，可以做定语、状语、补语、表语。 如： There is a man standing there.（后置定语）Being ill today, I won‘t come.（原因状语）
2015年上半年中小学教师资格考试英语学科知识与教学能力试 题及答案解析(初级中学) 一、单项选择题(本大题共30小题。每小题2分，共60分) 在每小题列出的四个备选项中选择一个最佳答案，请用28铅笔把答题卡上 对应题目的答 案字母按要求涂黑。错选、多选或未选均无分。 1. The phrase "in bed" is pronounced as __________ in real speech. 2. There are two syllables in the word "photo"./?u/occurs in both syllables, but the first one is__________the second because it is stressed. A. longer than B. shorter than C. as long as D. as short as 3. Jimmy asked Mary to lend him some money, which she agreed to, _________ that he paid her back the following month. A. on occasion B. in case C. under circumstances D. on condition 4. Zhang Jun's teacher suggests that he take a (n) _________ language course to improve his English. A. intermediate B. middle C. medium D. average
第九届初中生科普英语竞赛辅导材料 科普类阅读答题方法及策略一 【题型说明】科普知识类文章的特点是科技词汇多，句子长且结构复杂，理论性和逻辑性又都较强，再加之文章所介绍的知识对于同学们来说是比较陌生的。因此，同学们看这类文章觉得是雾里看花。 【文章特点】科普类文章的主要特点： 1. 文章中词汇的意义比较单一、稳定、简明，不带感情色彩，具有单一性和准确性的特点。综观整篇文章可以明显看出，它没有文学英语中常采用的排比、比喻、夸张等修饰手段，一词多义的现象也不多见。 2. 句子结构较复杂，语法分析较困难。为了描述一个客观事物，严密地表达自己的思想，作者经常会使用集多种语法现象与一体的长句。 3. 常使用被动语态，强调动作的承受者。 4. 常使用双重否定句。 【结构特点】科普知识类文章结构一般也是由标题(Headlines),导语(Introductions)，背景( Background)，主体(Main body)和结尾(Ends)五部分构成。标题是文章中心思想高度而又精辟的概括，高考这类阅读理解材料一般也不给标题，而要同学们选择标题。导语一般位于整篇文章的首段。背景交待一个事实的起因。主体则对导语概括的事实进行详细叙述。这一部分命题往往最多，因此，阅读时，同学们要把这部分作为重点。结尾往往也是中心思想的概括，并与导语相呼应，命题者常在此要设计一道推理判断题。 【备考提醒】要做好这类阅读理解题，先要掌握这类文章的特点和结构，真正读懂并理解它。其次，工夫在课外，平时一定要多读科技幻想类文章，比如：太空与海洋、创造与发明、计算机发展、人类未来、动物世界等。特别是从网上搜寻一些取材原版、内容时新、语言鲜活的科技幻想类材料阅读。这样长期坚持，既可以增长知识、开阔视野，又可以扩充科技词汇，还能提高解答这种类型试题的能力。我们何乐而不为呢？ 【实例分析】阅读下面的文章，然后做后面的阅读理解题： Robots are smart. With their computer brains, they help people work in dangerous places or do difficult jobs. Some robots do regular jobs. Bobby, the mail carrier, brings mail to a large office building in Washington, D.C. He is one of 250 mail carriers in the United States. Mr. Leachim, who weighs two hundred pounds and is six feet tall, has some advantages as a teacher. One is that he does not forget details. He knows each child’s name, the parents’ names and what each child knows and needs to know. In addition, he knows each child’s pets and hobbies. Mr. Leachim does not make mistakes. Each
氧气的重要性 任何动物的生存都需要氧气。陆生动物吸入氧气、呼出二氧化碳。没有氧气，人类只能生存几分钟。狗、鸡等动物和人一样将空气吸入肺中，得到它们生存所需的氧气。 不同的动物的呼吸速率不同。一头鲸鱼可在水下两个小时不呼吸。然而，一只老鼠每分钟呼吸超过150次。 昆虫也像人一样，吸入氧气、呼出二氧化碳。但是昆虫没有肺和鳃。而他们有身体上有一些小孔，称为鳃孔。来自空气的氧气进入它们体内，在分为更小软管的气管中流动。这些软管继续分支，变成一个树枝状的气管网，能够到达昆虫体内的每一个细胞。细胞中释放的二氧化碳也通过同样的方式返回到鳃孔，离开昆虫的身体。 蚯蚓也像人一样吸入空气、呼出二氧化碳，但它们没有肺、鳃和鳃孔。湿润泥土中的空气直接通过皮肤进入它们体内。在空气进入皮肤的时候，氧气被带入蚯蚓的循环系统。在蚯蚓运动时，它的五颗心脏将含有氧气的血液泵入头部和身体的其他部分。 空气溶解在它皮肤的黏液中，所以为了呼吸，它们必须保持湿润。如果一只蚯蚓身上干燥了，它会因窒息而死。 植物——地球上氧气的来源 植物通过从它们周围的空气中吸入氧气来生存。它们无时无刻、日日夜夜地呼吸着。植物也会做人类不能做的事——制造它们自己的食物。这个过程叫光合作用。 光合作用发生在白天，那时候植物通过叶子上的叶绿素来吸收阳光。叶绿素是一种使植物显现绿色的物质。光合作用是植物体的一个非常重要的过程。植物生产自己食物的能力同时也意味着人类、动物在食用植物有营养的叶子的时候从中受益。 通过气孔，植物吸入空气中的二氧化碳；通过根部，它们吸收水分。它们利用水和光能，把二氧化碳转变成有机化合物和淀粉。 当夜幕降临时，光合作用减缓，因为植物不再从太阳中吸收光能。但是植物在晚上仍然继续生产糖分。因为这个过程，植物向空气中释放氧气。 光合作用和呼吸作用在植物体内同时发生。光合作用使植物可以制造它自己的食物，而呼吸作用使植物可以从空气中得到它们所需的氧气。 不可思议的种子 大自然里，有许多植物有花、果实和种子，而其他的植物则没有。地球上植物的种类十分庞大，虽然它们都很不同，但所有的花都有着一些共同点。它们都有着必要的产生种子繁衍后代的部分。 有些没有种子的植物，长着一种球果来储藏种子。它们被称作针叶树，也很容易被辨认出来。有一种针叶树是松鼠，它就长有球果。 有一种植物没有花和种子，被称作蕨类植物。蕨类的叶片下面有着孢子。为了繁殖，这些孢子成熟后迸裂开来，释放出一种深棕色物质，可以接触温暖潮湿的土壤。新的蕨类由此生长起来。 植物也可以作为医治疾病的药物。例如，甘菊可以用来做成缓解胃痛的茶。山金车植物
科普英语竞赛科普知识题 1、Animals get energy for growth and repair fro m ＿＿＿ A、l B、ood C、ater D、ir Answer:B 2 A dog opens its mouth and lets its tongue hang out. A human’s body produces sweat. These are two ways that organisms may adjust to ＿＿＿ A、cold temperatures B、hot temperatures C、a shortage of food D、a shortage of drinking water Answer:B Answer:B 3 During which season of the year would a rabbit’s fur be thickest? A、fall B、spring C、summer D、winter Answer:D 4 Which animal is preparing for a seasonal change in the environment? A、a bat flying at night B、a deer drinking water C、an owl eating a mouse D、a squirrel storing nuts Answer:D 5 An example of a poor health habit is A、taking a bath or shower regularly B、handwashing after using the bathroom C、playing on a soccer team D、eating candy instead of lunch Answer:D 6 Which substance is usually found in nature as a liquid, solid, and gas? A、water B、rock C、metal D、glass Answer:A
2015年苏州市初中毕业暨升学考试试卷 英语 一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1. Some small shops in Britain usually close for hour at lunchtime. A. an; the B. a; 不填 C. a; the D. an; 不填 2. In cold winter, the temperature in Harbin often remains zero all day. A. above B. below C. over D. under 3. None of them talked. They finished their meal in . A. silence B. order C. place D. public 4. —Where is Joan? —She a novel in her study. A. has read B. reads C. will read D. is reading 5. —You park here! Look at the sign, it says “No parking”. —Sorry, I didn’t notice that sign just now. A. won’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. co uldn’t 6. Mrs. Smith often goes to visit those AIDS patients in hospitals to cheer up. A. her B. them C. him D. us 7. I was tired out, so I stopped the car a short rest. A. have B. having C. to have D. had 8. Tony’s mum looks young and beautiful. It’s hard to imagine she is already in her . A. fifties B. fifty C. fiftieths D. fiftieth 9. —Has Jane done the washing yet? —You cannot her to do such a thing. A. want B. hope C. expect D. wish 10. Guan Dong saved an old lady out of the Yangtze River. great courage he showed! A. What a B. What C. How a D. How 11. —Do you know our new manager? —Yes. He to be a friend of my brother. A. turns up B. turns on C. turns out D. turns off 12. —Excuse me, could you tell me ? —In five minutes. A. how soon will the film begin B. how soon the film will begin C. how long the film has been on D. how long has the film been on 13. In North America, meat eaters are bears and mountain lions. They eat smaller animals such as rabbits and mice. A. smallest B. the smallest C. largest D. the largest 14. He hasn’t got any hobbies —you call watching TV a hobby. A. while B. unless C. as D. if 15. —We can invite Nick and Nora to Shanghai Disneyland with us. —? I’ll give them a call right now.
II. Life Science 生命科学 Animal Kingdom 早在人类出现之前，史前动物已经在地球上繁衍发展。地球上的动物以从低等到高等、从简单到复杂的趋势不断进化并繁衍至今。科学家根据动物的各种特征将动物分为两大类和七个等级。至今科学家已经鉴别出46900多种脊椎动物，130多万种无脊椎动物。下面让我们一起去探索奇妙的动物世界吧! Rearing of lion cubs 狮子是唯一雌雄两态和群居的猫科动物，生活于开阔的草原疏林地区或半荒漠地带。·Warm-up Have you ever seen the movie The Lion King? Do you know how lions live in the wild in reality? ·Big question to think about while you read How does the rearing of lion cubs go according to the text? protective of their mates while they are breeding. At the end of the approximately 105-day gestation period, the lioness leaves the pride to go to a sheltered, isolated area to give birth to its litter of two to five cubs. Cubs are born blind. They weigh 1.5 to 2 kilograms, and they have a soft, woolly grayish-yellow-brown coat. The lioness rarely leaves her cubs. When she does, either to hunt or drink, she risks losing them to predators, such as cheetahs, leopards, jackals, or hyenas. At first, the cubs will stay close to their mother as they explore their surroundings. Male cub mortality is high because males are more active and more likely to leave their protected shelter. Cubs accompany their mother on hunting expeditions when they are three to four months old. Cubs will not be able to kill their own prey until they are about two years old. Through early play experiences, the cubs learn how to hunt, crash, leap, and kill their prey. Adolescent males tend to remain near the pride's territory at first and then go off on their own. They will try and join another pride. Male lions display excellent teamwork when threatened by another male wanting to dominate the pride. The typical duration for which a strong group of males is able to defend their pride is two to three years, during which time they father all of the offspring. ( 256 words) ·Reflection questions on what you read 1. Why does the lioness rarely leave its cubs?
2015年最新的初中英语作文范文4篇 2015年最新的初中英语作文范文一：地震Earthquake May 12th, 2008. That’s the most mournful day for our Chinese that will never be forgotten, because a horrible earthquake happened in Wenchuan, which caused tens of thousands of children’s death. 2008年5月12日。那是我们中国人最悲痛的一天，它将永远不会被我们忘记，因为汶川发生了可怕的地震，导致成千上万儿童死的亡。 On hearing the news, I felt so sorrowful. “Why was the god so cruel to them?”I asked. They were still at the entrance of the life. They seemed like little eagles that were willing to open their wings and hover in the sky. Maybe they would have their brilliant future. What a great loss to our nation! I had my deepest sympathy on the people in the disastrous area. So I donated some money and clothes to them. And I also prayed for the dead people sincerely. I eagerly hope that there would be no earthquakes in the future, so that we could live a more peaceful life. 听到这个消息，我感到感到非常悲伤。“为什么上帝对他们如此
科普英语竞赛辅导资料 英语科普阅读的方法与实例 一、考点描述科普类文章是英语的常考题材，每年都有所涉及，如2005年的江苏卷在五篇阅读文章中就有两篇是关于科普文章的阅读。因此，同学们在平时的学习中一定要对此引起高度的重视。 二、材料特点这类文章的总体特点是：科技词汇多，句子结构复杂，理论性强，逻辑严谨。具体说来它有以下几个特点：1. 文章中词汇的意义比较单一、稳定、简明，不带感情色彩，具有单一性和准确性的特点。这类文章通常不会出现文学英语中采用的排比、比喻、夸张等修辞手法，一词多义的现象也不多见。2. 句子结构较复杂，语法分析较困难。为了描述一个客观事物，严密地表达自己的思想，作者经常会使用集多种语法现象于一体的长句。3. 常使用被动语态，尤其是一些惯用被动句式。 三、命题特点科普类阅读的主要命题形式有事实细节题、词义猜测题、推理判断题以及主旨概括题等，其中推理判断题居多。 四、应对策略1. 要想做好科普英语阅读理解题，同学们就要注意平时多读科普知识类文章，学习科普知识，积累常见的科普词汇，从根本上提高科普英语的阅读能力。2. 要熟悉科普类文章的结构特点。科普类文章一般由标题(Headlines)，导语(Introductions)，背景( Background)，主体(Main body)和结尾(Ends)五部分构成。标题是文章中心思想高度而又精辟的概括，但根据历年的真题情况来看，这类阅读理解材料一般不给标题，而要同学们选择标题。导语一般位于整篇文章的首段。背景交待一个事实的起因。主体则对导语概括的事实进行详细叙述。这一部分命题往往最多，因此，阅读时，同学们要把这部分作为重点。结尾往往也是中心思想的概括，并与导语相呼应，命题者常在此要设计一道推理判断题。 3. 在进行推理判断时，同学们一定要以阅读材料所提供的科学事实为依据，同时所得出的结论还应符合基本的科普常识。 五、真题赏析江苏卷Animals can move from place to place, but plants cannot. When an animal is under attack, it can run away or fight back. Plants certainly cannot run away, and they lack teeth and claws. But plants can defend themselves by using both physical and chemical means.Some plants have their own ways to keep animals away. For example, the leaves of the holly plant have sharp spines(刺) that discourage grass-eating animals. Holly leaves on lower branches have more spines than leaves on upper branches. This is because the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach.Some plants, such as the oak tree, have thick and hard leaves that are difficult for animals to eat. Some grasses may contain a sandy material; eating such grasses wears down the
科普阅读 Roaming Between Heaven And Earth In religion, Heaven is the English name for a transcendental realm in which is that people who have died c ontinue to exist in an afterlife. The term "heaven" may refer to the physical heavens, the sky or the seemingly e ndless expanse of the universe beyond, the traditional literal meaning of the term in English. . 天地之间漫游 在宗教，天堂是一个超越境界，就是谁已经死亡的人继续存在于来世的英文名称。所谓"天堂"可能是指物理天空，天空或超越，传统的中，英文字面意思似乎无垠的宇宙。 Modern Science And Technology A tank is a tracked, armoured fighting vehicle designed for front-line combat which combines operational mo bility and tactical offensive and defensive capabilities. Firepower is normally provided by a large-calibre main gun in a rotating turret and secondary machine guns, while heavy armour and all-terrain mobility provide protection for the tank and its crew, allowing it to perform all primary tasks of the armoured troops on the battlefield. . 现代科学技术 一个是履带式坦克，装甲战斗前线作战行动相结合的流动性和战术进攻和防御能力设计的车辆。火力一般是由一个大口径在旋转炮塔和中学机枪主炮，而重装甲和全地形移动提供的坦克和船员的保护，因此它可对所有装甲部队的主要任务战场。 Deep Sea Explore The deep sea, or deep layer, is the lowest layer in the ocean, existing below the thermocline, at a depth of 1000 fathoms (1800 m) or more. Little or no light penetrates this area of the ocean, and most of its organisms r ely on falling organic matter produced in the photic zone for subsistence. For this reason scientists assumed life would be sparse in the deep ocean, but virtually every probe has revealed that, on the contrary, life is abundant in the deep ocean. . 深海探索 深深的海底，或深层，是海洋中的最底层，现有低于跃层在1000噚（1800米）以上的深度。很少或没有光线穿透这一海域，它的大部分属于生物有机质在对生存的透光带产生依赖。出于这个原因科学家认为生活会是在深海稀疏，但几乎每一个探头发现，与此相反，生活在深海丰富。。 Alps - - Natural Giant The Alps (German: Alpen; Italian: Alpi; Lombard: Alp; French: Alpes; Occitan: Aups/Alps; Romansh: Alps; Slovene: Alpe) are one of the great mountain range systems of Europe, stretching from Austria and Slovenia in t