选修八
1.polar adj.
2.penguin n.
3.explorer n.
4.Antarctica n.
5.annual adj.
6.rainfall n.
7.state n.
8.depth n.
9.gravity n.
10.inhospitable adj.
11.extreme adj.
12.flower v.
13.moss n.
14.algae n.
15.lichen n.
16.adapt to
17.trap v.
18.meteorite n.
19.extraterrestrial adj.
20.mass n.
21.balance v.
22.exploration n.
23.set foot on
https://www.doczj.com/doc/3a16514557.html,mercial adj.
27.nuclear adj.
28.test n.
29.radioactive adj.
30.promote v.
31.via prep.
32.trap v.
33.lifeboat n.
34.crew n.
35.voyage n.
36.drift v.
37.ceremonial adj.
38.glacier n.
39.magnetic adj.
40.glare n.
41.intense adj.
42.sunglasses n.
43.suncream n.
44.severe adj.
45.eyesight n.
46.sunburnt adj.
47.minus prep.
48.numb adj.
51.portable adj.
52.pure adj.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/3a16514557.html,limetre n.
54.abnormal adj.
55.sunrise n.
56.sunset n.
57.absence n.
58.daylight n.
59.tiresome adj.
60.depressing adj.
61.isolated adj.
62.aircraft n.
63.platform n.
64.powder n.
65.minimum adj.
66.modest adj.
67.luxury n.
68.cosy adj.
69.dormitory n.
70.canteen n.
71.stock v.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/3a16514557.html,undry n.
73.discourage v.
75.emergency n.
76.conventional adj.
77.drill n.
78.snap v.
79.tricky adj.
80.fragile adj.
81.battery n.
82.ecology n.
83.delicate adj.
84.privilege n.
85.trader n.
86.spice n.
87.jewel n.
88.befriend v.
89.tale n.
90.legendary adj.
91.reliability n.
92.obscure adj.
93.intimate adj.
94.inhabit v.
95.spaghetti n.
96.insight n.
97.inspiration n.
98.renaissance n.
100.subject n. 101.dull adj. 102.basically adv. 103.work n. 104.effect n. 105.shade n. 106.medieval adj. 107.Gothic adj. 108.frontier n. 109.perspective n. 110.polyphony n. 111.cathedral n. 112.motivate v. 113.skilled adj. 114.parachute n. 115.submarine n. 116.tank n. 117.overnight adj. 118.ferry n. 119.horseshoe n. 120.ornate adj. 121.tax v.
122.depend on 123.reckon v.
125.leave for
126.anecdote n. 127.authentic adj. 128.spokesman n. 129.burglar n.
130.leave sth. Behind 131.antique adj. 132.basement n. 133.courtyard n. 134.passerby n. 135.moustache n. 136.parcel n.
137.dash v.
138.crossing n. 139.crossroads n. 140.flee v.
141.sideroad n. 142.appeal v.
143.suspect n. 144.loss n.
145.circulate v. 146.seek v.
147.gang n.
148.tentative adj.
150.on behalf of
151.chief adj.
152.fundamental adj. 153.drawback n.
154.superb adj.
155.substitute n.
156.confidential adj. 157.debt n.
158.get tired of doing sth. 159.merely adv.
160.outcome n.
161.blame n.
162.liberty n.
163.at liberty
164.gifted adj.
165.movable adj.
166.manuscript n.
167.press n.
168.squeeze v.
169.olive n.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/3a16514557.html,l n.
171.Bible n.
172.up to
173.lead to
175.official n. 176.rural adj. 177.inspire v. 178.take up 179.profession n. 180.calculate v. 181.owe v. 182.poison n. 183.cookery n. 184.taste n. 185.obsess v. 186.banquet n. 187.dish n. 188.greedily adv. 189.chopstick n. 190.dessert n. 191.no wonder 192.intestine n. 193.tongue n. 194.hoof n. 195.end up 196.chew v. 197.delicacy n. 198.infamous adj.
202.requirement n. 203.tuna n.
204.fixed adj.
205.mushroom n. 206.mash v.
207.filling n.
208.unrecognisable adj. 209.have ... in common 210.guest n.
211.fork n.
212.in short
213.entertain v.
214.menu n.
215.asparagus n. 216.tender adj.
217.Polynesian adj. 218.remark v.
219.casually adv. https://www.doczj.com/doc/3a16514557.html,pliment n. 221.punctuation n. 222.porridge n.
223.bacon n.
227.butcher n. 228.cattle n. 229.outnumber v. 230.justifiably adv. 231.mutton n. 232.consequence n. 233.gradual adj. 234.trend n. 235.fusion n. 236.cuisine n. 237.recipe n. 238.bean curd n. 239.seaweed n. 240.raw adj. 241.eggplant n. 242.lemon n. 243.bakery n. 244.loaf n.
245.artificial adj. 246.grocery n. 247.customer n. 248.pan n.
251.maple n. 252.syrup n. 253.honey n. 254.crisp adj. 255.samosa n. 256.fragrant adj. 257.dairy n. 258.yoghurt n. 259.abundant adj. 260.ripe adj. 261.peach n. 262.melon n. 263.stove n. 264.fry v.
265.microwave n. 266.reheat v. 267.barbecue n. 268.grill v. 269.slice n. 270.breast n. 271.cutlet n. 272.buffet n. 273.pint n.
275.altogether v. 276.ample adj. 277.willow n. 278.pattern n. 279.fence n.
280.foreground n. 281.songbird n. 282.overhead adv. 283.set fire to 284.hut n.
285.transform v. 286.instantly adv. 287.recognisable adj. 288.dialect n. 289.cockney n. 290.tell ... apart 291.matter v. 292.as long as 293.count v.
294.trace n.
295.unique adj. 296.lie in
297.intonation n. 298.author n.
300.apostrophe n. 301.link n.
302.rhythm n.
303.bilingual adj.
304.debate n.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/3a16514557.html,plain v.
306.telegraph n.
307.media n.
308.revolution n.
309.investigate v.
310.flavour n.
311.acquire v.
312.convinced adj. 313.telecommunication n. 314.in conclusion 315.furthermore adv. 316. a huge number of 317.splendid adj.
318.straightforward adj. 319.association n.
320.ambiguous adj. 321.dilemma n.
322.explicit adj.
323.figurative adj.
325.absurd adj. 326.convey v.
327.concept n. 328.thus adv.
329.get down to sth. 330.clarify v.
331.tendency n. 332.disorganised adj. 333.vague adj. 334.clumsy adj. 335.select v.
336.metaphorical adj. 337.significance n. 338.withdraw v. 339.reject v.
340.potential adj. 341.abuse v.
342.offence n.
343.statesman n. 344.betray v.
345.let sb. down 346.overcome v. 347.prayer n.
348.oppose v.
351.conflict n. 352.moral n. 353.superior adj. 354.status n.
355.classify v. 356.sex n.
357.approval n. 358.curiosity n. 359.fascination n. 360.tone n.
361.initially adv. 362.candidate n. 363.spin-off n. 364.leap n.
365.joint adj. 366.Mars n.
367.Jupiter n. 368.Aldebaran n. 369.probe n.
370.Saturn n. 371.accustomed adj. 372.shuttle n. 373.historic adj.
376.assume v.
377.patience n.
378.in spite of
379.advanced adj.
380.at the very beginning of 381.burst v.
382.depend v.
383.planet n.
384.view v.
385.ultraviolet adj.
386.Phoebe
387.Titan
388.decade n.
389. a series of
390.acknowledge v.
391.random adj.
392.backwards adv.
393.deed n.
394.knight n.
395.tension n.
396.autonmous adj.
397.defeat n.
398.authority n.
400.accuse sb. of doing sth. 401.swear v.
402.avenge v.
403.sorrow n.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/3a16514557.html,tter n.
405.grasp n.
406.relief n.
407.glory n.
408.division n.
409.airspace n.
410.motherland n.
411.abstract adj.
412.foresee v.
413.destiny n.
414.aid n.
415.broad adj.
416.sympathy n.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/3a16514557.html,mitment n.
418.ought modal v.
419.consistent adj.
420.faith n.
421.rational adj.
422.dignity n.
423.devotion n.
426.holy adj. 427.acute adj. 428.be similar to 429.stable adj. 430.human being 431.supreme adj. 432.scholar n. 433.consult v. 434.whilst= while 435.arguably adv. 436.dramatic adj. 437.invasion n. 438.alien n.
439.impact n. 440.observation n. 441.inescapable adj. 442.assumption n. 443.vanguard n. 444.set in motion 445.underway adj. 446.hysteria n. 447.newsflash n. 448.mounting adj.
451.acquaintance n. 452.farewell n. 453.bar v.
454.gird v.
455.thistledown n. 456.part v.
457.steed n.
458.neigh v.
459.seed n.
460.dynasty n. 461.expansion n. 462.tolerant adj. 463.cosmopolitan adj. 464.Persian n.
465.Arab n.
466.Jew n.
467.Buddhism n. 468.astronomy n. 469.shadow n. 470.altitude n. 471.specialist n. 472.share v.
473.advance n.
476.suffering n. 477.corruption n. 478.merchant n. 479.irregular adj. 480.realist n. 481.romantic n. 482.take hold of 483.reflection n. 484.mental adj. 485.alcohol n. 486.daffodil n. 487.flutter v. 488.breeze n. 489.long-term adj. 490.disorder n. 491.channel n. 492.prove v. 493.reveal v. 494.cereal n. 495.appeal n. 496.glance v. 497.upwards adv. 498.surplus n.
外研版高中英语必修8 全册教学设计教案
目录 Module 1 Deep South Period II Module 1 Deep South Period III Module 1 Deep South Period IV Module 1 Deep South Period V Module 1 Deep South Period VI Module 1 Deep South Period Ⅰ Module 1《Deep South》 Module 2 The Renaissance--cultural corner and task Module 2 The Renaissance--function and grammar Module 2 The Renaissance--reading and vocabulary 1 Module 2 The Renaissance--reading practice Module 2 The Renaissance--Vocabulary and writing Module 2 The Renaissance--word list and introduction Module 3 Foreign Food--function and grammar Module 3 Foreign Food--reading and vocabulary Module 3 Foreign Food--reading practice Module 3 Foreign Food--vocabulary and writing Module 3 Foreign Food--word list and introduction Module 4 Which English--Cultural corner Module 4 Which English--Grammar Module 4 Which English--Introduction Module 4 Which English--Listening Everyday English Speaking Module 4 Which English--Reading and Vocabulary Module 4 Which English--Reading Practice Module 4 Which English--Speaking-Reading and Vocabulary (2)-Writing-Task Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe-- Introduction Reading and speaking Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe-- Listening Everyday English Speaking Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe-- Reading and Vocabulary Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe--Grammar Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe--Reading and Vocabulary (2) Writing Task Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe--Reading Practice Module 6 《War and Peace-grammer》 Module 6《The Tang Poems-Introduction》 Module 6《The Tang Poems-Language Points》 Module 6《The Tang Poems-Reading and writing》
. Unit 1 1.加利福尼亚（州） 2.加利福尼亚（州）人 3.vt. 说明；阐明 4.adj. 清晰的；明显的；明确的 5.n. 差别；区分；卓著 6.n. （从外国移入的）移民 7.继续存在；继续生存 8.n. 海峡 9.白令海峡 10.adj. 北极的；北极区的 11.北极 12.n. 手段；方法 13.用……办法；借助…… 14.adj. 史前的 15.n. 大多数；大半 16.n.（政府的）部；（全体）牧师；牧师的 职责 17.adj. 天主教的n.天主教徒 18.n. 阿拉斯加（州） 19.n. 圣弗朗西斯科（也称旧金山） 20.n. 冒险家 21.习惯于新的生活方式、工作等 22.prep. 尽管；不管 23.n. 苦难；困苦 24.vt. 选择；决定做某事；选举某人 25.adj. 联邦制的；联邦政府的 26.n. 铁路；扶手；（护栏的）横条 27.n. 百分比；百分率 28.n. 洛杉矶 29.n. 意大利 30.n. 意大利人；意大利语adj.意大利人 的；意大利语的 31.n. 丹麦（北欧国家） 32.坚持；维持；沿袭（风俗、传统等） 33.n. 好莱坞；美国电影业 34.n. （人口、贸易的）繁荣vi. 处于经 济迅速发展时期 35.n. 飞行器；航空器；飞机 36.n. 柬埔寨人；柬埔寨语 37.n. 韩国；朝鲜 38.n. 韩国/朝鲜人；朝鲜/韩语adj.韩 国（人/语）的；朝鲜（人/语）的39.n. 巴基斯坦 40.adj. 巴基斯坦（人）的n.巴基斯坦人 41.vi. 移入（外国定居） 42.n. 移民；移居入境 43.adj. 人种的；种族的 44.n. 横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道 45.n. & adj. 代理；副职 46.n. 侄子；外甥 47.n. 地极；电极；磁极 48.n. 申请人 49.n. 海关；关税；进口税 50.n. 社会主义者；社会党人adj.社会主 义者的 51.n. 社会主义 52.vi. 发生；出现 53.n. 牛（总称） 54.n. （美）讲西班牙语的美国人 55.vt. 指出；指示；表明；暗示 56.背靠背 57.n. 行李（<美>baggage） 58.vt. & vi. (shaved; shaved, shaven)刮；剃 59.n. 缆绳；绳索；电缆 60.缆车；（美）有轨缆车 61.安德鲁·海利迪 62.n. （有轨）电车 63.adj. 显而易见的；显然的；表面上的 64.adv. 显然地；显而易见地 65.n. 闸；刹车；制动器Vi. & vt. 刹 （车）；用制动器减速 66.n. (公车)售票员；列车员;（乐队）指挥 67.vi. 滑动；滑行；滑跤n.滑动；滑倒 68.n. 码头 69.n. 面包房；面包厂 70.n. 渡船；渡口vt.摆渡；渡运 71.天使岛 72.与……合作或一起工作 73.vt. & n. 租用；雇用 74.adj. 迷人的；吸引人的 75.划线；标出……界线 76.n. 海鸥 77.包括；吸收 78.n. 角；角度 79.许多；很多 80.申请；请示得到
英语选修八 Unit 1 △California 加利福尼亚（州） △Californian 加利福尼亚（州）人 △illustrate vt. 说明；阐明 distinct adj. 清晰的；明显的；明确的 distinction n. 差别；区分；卓着 △immigrant n. （从外国移入的）移民 live on 继续存在；继续生存 strait n. 海峡 △Bering 白令海峡 Arctic adj. 北极的；北极区的 the Arctic 北极 means n. 手段；方法 by means of…用……办法；借助…… △prehistoric adj. 史前的 majority n. 大多数；大半 ministry n. （政府的）部；（全体）牧师；牧师的职责Catholic adj. 天主教的 n.天主教徒 △Alaska n. 阿拉斯加（州） △San Francisco n. 圣弗朗西斯科（也称旧） △adventurer n. 冒险家 make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等 △despite prep. 尽管；不管 hardship n. 苦难；困苦 elect vt. 选择；决定做某事；选举某人 federal adj. 联邦制的；联邦政府的 rail n. 铁路；扶手；（护栏的）横条 percentage n. 百分比；百分率 △Los Angeles n. 洛杉矶 Italy n. 意大利 Italian n. 意大利人；意大利语 adj.意大利人的；意大利语的 Denmark n. 丹麦（北欧国家） keep up 坚持；维持；沿袭（风俗、传统等） △Hollywood n. 好莱坞；美国电影业 boom n. （人口、贸易的）繁荣 vi. 处于经济迅速发展时期 aircraft n. 飞行器；航空器；飞机 △Cambodian n. 柬埔寨人；柬埔寨语 Korea n. 韩国；朝鲜
高中英语学习材料 ***鼎尚图文理制作*** 单元质量评估(一) 一、单项选择（共10小题；共10分） 1. Travelling has really helped to broaden our , which makes us wiser. A. differences B. horizons C. shortcomings D. hardships 2. I didn't mean to tell you his name; it was a of my tongue at that time. A. fault B. coincidence C. dilemma D. slip 3. Thousands of young college students have the job, because it provides a high salary, a long paid vacation every year and many other attractive benefits. A. applied for B. turned down C. thrown away D. complained of 4. --- How did you make such rapid progress in your English? Do you have any secrets? --- No. Only hard working. A. in terms of B. in honor of C. by means of D. on behalf of 5. I'd like Jim Jack, to go to the farewell party on behalf of our class. A. more than B. less than C. rather than D. or rather 6. --- Why are you so late, Tom? --- I was on half the way when it to me that I had left my notebook at home, so I had to fetch it. A. occurred B. hit C. happened D. reminded 7. --- Miss Brown is very busy, isn't she? --- Yes, she is. She has greater responsibilities so far. A. taken off B. taken out C. taken in D. taken on 8. the courses(跑道) for the sports meeting gave us much pleasure as well as knowledge. A. Looking out B. Marking out C. Taking out D. Breaking out 9. The maths examination was rather difficult; to our joy, the students passed it. A. a great many B. a great many of C. a great deal of D. plenty of 10. Such differences that we're moving from one level of understanding to another. A. suppose B. control C. indicate D. improve 二、完形填空（共20小题；共30分）
Unit 1 1.△California 2.△Californian 3.△illustrate vt. 4.distinct adj. 5.distinction n. 6.△immigrant n. 7.live on 8.strait n. 9.△Bering 10.} 11.Arctic adj. 12.the Arctic 13.means n. 14.by means of… 15.△prehistoric adj. 16.majority n. 17.ministry n. 18.Catholic adj. n. 19.△Alaska n. 20.△San Francisco n. 21." 22.△adventurer n. 23.make a life 24.△despite prep. 25.hardship n. 26.elect vt. 27.federal adj. 28.rail n. 29.percentage n. 30.△Los Angeles n. 31.Italy n. 32.{ 33.Italian n.. adj. 34.Denmark n. 35.keep up 36.△Hollywood n. 37.boom n.. vi. 38.aircraft n. 39.△Cambodian n. 40.Korea n. 41.Korean n. adj. 42.Pakistan n. 43.! 44.Pakistani adj. n. 45.△immigrate vi. 46.immigration n. 47.racial adj. 48.crossing n. 49.vice n. & adj. 50.nephew n. 51.pole n. 52.applicant n. 53.customs n. 54.^ 55.socialist n. adj. 56.socialism n. 57.occur vi. 58.cattle n. 59.△Hispanic n. 60.indicate vt. 61.back to back 62.luggage n. （<美>baggage） 63.shave vt. & vi. (shaved; shaved, shaven) 64.△cable n. 65.》 66.△cable car 67.△Andrew Hallidie 68.tram n. 69.apparent adj. 70.apparently adv. 71.brake n. Vi. & vt. 72.conductor n. 73.slip vi. n. 74.△wharf n. 75.bakery n. 76.( 77.ferry n. vt. 78.△Angel Island 79.team up with 80.hire vt. & n. 81.△fascinating adj. 82.mark out 83.seagull n. 84.take in 85.angle n. 86. a great/good many 87.） 88.apply for 89.nowhere adv. 90.△miserable adj. 91.punishment n. 92.justice n. 93.mourn vt. & vi. 94.civil adj. 95.authority n. 96.reform vt. & vi. n. 97.grasp vt. & n. 98.》 99.△thoughtful adj. 100.thankful adj. 101.insert vt. Unit 2 102.differ vi. 103.exact adj. 104.△cutting n. 105.twin n. adj 106.△identical adj. https://www.doczj.com/doc/3a16514557.html,mercial adj. 108.！ 109.straightforward adj. 110.△complicated adj. 111.undertake vt. (undertook, undertaken) 112.pay off 113.breakthrough n. 114.procedure n. 115.△nucleus n. 116.△somatic adj. 117.△embryo n. 118.carrier n. 119.: 120.cast vt. (cast, cast) 121.cast down 122.altogether adv. 123.arbitrary adj. 124.△fate n. 125.correction n. 126.object vi.
Test for Module 8 Unit 1-2 I. 词汇检测（共10小题, 每空1分, 满分10分） 1)单词拼写(5分) 1. He was late for school, so he s____________ into the classroom by the back door in order not to be noticed by his teacher. 2. Don't b____________ me with your silly questions. I have a lot of work to do now. 3. Thoughts are expressed by m____________ of words. We should learn to express ourselves. 4. If I could o____________ $9000 scholarships annually, I would be able to complete my studies. 5. Thanks to the good policy, economy is b____________, which has created job opportunities. 2）请用所给词的适当形式填空(5分) 6. She could not resist ________________ (laugh) at him in those clothes. 7. I really object to __________________ (treat) like this. It is unfair to me. 8. If you go on working like this, you're bound _________________ (break) down sooner or later. 9. Builders sometimes have to wait up to 2 years from submitting an _________________ (apply) until permission is granted. 10. I __________________ (forbid) from going out with my friends last night. II. 完形填空（共20小题；每小题2分, 满分40分） Yesterday was a very rainy day. My back garden was miserable. The sunflowers tried to keep __11__ by covering their faces with their petals(花瓣). The poor fir tree was so cold that his needles(针叶) were __12__. Our willow tree made matters worse __13__ crying so hard that little “rivers” flowed down his leaves onto the other plants __14__. They were all annoyed. The willow tree said he was sorry and __15__ that he was always unhappy when it rained. “That's silly, ” his neighbor, the apple tree, told him. “__16__ is good for willow trees!” “Be brave, ” said the giant cherry tree. “The rain won't __17__ forever. ” Then the cherry tree shook her branches, sending __18__ flying through the air and into the fishpond. The fish swam __19__ to the water surface. They had been studying fish dancing. “Do you know how hard it is to __20__ our lesson with the rain dropping on our roof?” asked the biggest fish.“You just made it twice as annoying and __21__ in here. I have such a headache!” The cherry tree __22__ for being so thoughtless. She promised to shake her branches in a different __23__ next time. There was so much water in the gutter(排水沟) that a river __24__. Two green-and-gold ducks came and went for a __25__ in the river. As it was only wide enough for one duck, they began __26__ with each other about who should be the leader.
Book 8 Module 1 Deep South教学案 Reading I. Words 企鹅__________ 探险者__________ 极地的__________ 每年的__________降水量__________ 深度__________ 重力__________ 极端的__________ 使适应__________ 块，团__________ 使平衡__________ 勘察__________ 条约__________ 商业的__________ 核的__________ 试验__________ 促进__________ 使陷入困境_________ 救生船_________ 旅行__________ II. Reading ’s annual rainfall is close to_______. is the________largest continent in the world. is covering____________square kilometres around the South Pole. holds________of the world’s ice. average the ice cap of Antarctica’s surface is________metres thick. 2. Read paragraph2 and fill in the blanks: Antarctica is full of_________,which has adapted to its are different________of penguins,_____________,seals,and of plants can________there because of the cold weather ,the lack of________and the long___________ winter the plants are ______ up of mosses,algae and lichen. 3. Read paragraph 3 and check the true statements: ( ) ① Most of the ice has been in Antarctica for hundreds of years. ( ) ②Gas and minerals,which are in the form of coal,are trapped in the ice. ( ) ③ Most of the Antarctica rocks are meteorites from outer space. ( ) ④ There are lots of useful white rocks in Antarctica. 4. Read paragraph4 and put the following sentences into right order: ( ) ① Norwegian Carstens Borchgrevink set foot on the Antarctic mainland. ( ) ② The British explorer James Cook crossed the Antarctic Circle. ( ) ③ Europeans discovered the continent of America. ( ) ④ Norwegian Roald Amundsen reached Antarctica. ( ) ⑤ Greek geographers believed that there was a large land mass. 5. Read paragraph 5 and answer the questions ① What has replaced the rivalry that existed between many of the earlier explorers ② How many countries signed the Antarctica Treaty List some of them.
语篇提能 Ⅰ.阅读理解 Americans have taken over from the Indians many things besides their continent! Where did corn, potatoes, tomatoes, chocolate and maple sugar come from? The Indians. Who invented moccasins, snowshoes and hammocks? The Indians! A list of the tools, plants, materials, and designs we owe to the Indians would include hundreds of items. But there is something far more familiar, something that is always at hand. It is used daily by every American: a large vocabulary of Indian words. Potato, tomato, chocolate, moccasin and hammock came into English from Indian languages. So did cocoa, tobacco, maize (an Indian word for corn) and succotash. Some words have changed on the way. Potato, for example, comes from a word that sounds like “batata”. Cocoa beg an as “cacahuatl”． Some meanings have also changed. The long Indian word from which succotash comes means “something broken off in bits.” Indian women often varied their dishes by mixing bits of one food with another. White men who ate an Indian dish of mixed lima beans (青豆) and corn began using the Indian word to mean this particular mixture. Put on your moccasins and take a walk in the country. If it is a cold day and you wear a mackinaw, your jacket will be as Indian as your shoes. But mackinaw came from “michilimackinac，” the Indian name of a place where a fort (集市) served as a trading post. Bright-coloured blankets or jackets bought at the post soon became known as “mackinaws.” Early white visitors to the continent found Indian words useful for the thin gs new to them. But some Indian sounds, such as the “tl” at the end of many words, were hard to say. That is why “coyotl” became coyote and
选修8单词表 Unit 1 △California 加利福尼亚（州） △Californian 加利福尼亚（州）人 △illustrate vt. 说明；阐明 distinct adj. 清晰的；明显的；明确的distinction n. 差别；区分；卓著 △immigrant n. （从外国移入的）移民live on 继续存在；继续生存 strait n. 海峡 △Bering 白令海峡 Arctic adj. 北极的；北极区的 the Arctic 北极 means n. 手段；方法 by means of…用……办法；借助……△prehistoric adj. 史前的 majority n. 大多数；大半 ministry n. （政府的）部；（全体）牧师； 牧师的职责 Catholic adj. 天主教的 n.天主教徒 △Alaska n. 阿拉斯加（州） △San Francisco n. 圣弗朗西斯科（也称 旧金山） △adventurer n. 冒险家 make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等△despite prep. 尽管；不管
hardship n. 苦难；困苦 elect vt. 选择；决定做某事；选举某人federal adj. 联邦制的；联邦政府的 rail n. 铁路；扶手；（护栏的）横条percentage n. 百分比；百分率 △Los Angeles n. 洛杉矶 Italy n. 意大利 Italian n. 意大利人；意大利语 adj.意大利人的；意大利语的Denmark n. 丹麦（北欧国家） keep up 坚持；维持；沿袭（风俗、传统等）△Hollywood n. 好莱坞；美国电影业boom n. （人口、贸易的）繁荣 vi. 处于经济迅速发展时期 aircraft n. 飞行器；航空器；飞机 △Cambodian n. 柬埔寨人；柬埔寨语Korea n. 韩国；朝鲜 Korean n. 韩国/朝鲜人；朝鲜/韩语 adj.韩国（人/语）的； 朝鲜（人/语）的 Pakistan n. 巴基斯坦 Pakistani adj. 巴基斯坦（人）的 n.巴基斯坦人 △immigrate vi. 移入（外国定居） immigration n. 移民；移居入境 racial adj. 人种的；种族的 crossing n. 横渡；横越；十字路口；人行 横道 vice n. & adj. 代理；副职
选修8 Unit1 1.California__________ 2.Californian__________ 3.illustratevt.__________ 4.distinctadj.__________ 5.distinctionn.__________ 6.immigrantn.__________ 7.liveon__________ 8.straitn.__________ 9.Bering__________ 10.Arcticadj.__________ 11.theArctic__________ 12.meansn.__________ 13.bymeansof…__________ 14.prehistoricadj.__________ 15.majorityn.__________ 16.ministryn.__________ 17.Catholicadj.n.__________ 18.Alaskan.__________ 19.SanFranciscon.__________ 20.adventurern.__________ 21.makealife__________ 22.despiteprep.__________ 23.hardshipn.__________ 24.electvt.__________ 25.federaladj.__________ 26.railn.__________ 27.percentagen.__________ 28.LosAngelesn.__________ 29.Italyn.__________ 30.Italiann..adj.__________ 31.Denmarkn.__________ 32.keepup__________ 33.Hollywoodn.__________ 34.boomn..vi.__________ 35.aircraftn.__________ 36.Cambodiann.__________ 37.Korean.__________ 38.Koreann.adj.__________ 39.Pakistann.__________ 40.Pakistaniadj.n.__________ 41.immigratevi.__________ 42.immigrationn.__________ 43.racialadj.__________ 44.crossingn.__________ 45.vicen.&adj.__________ 46.nephewn.__________ 47.polen.__________ 48.applicantn.__________ 49.customsn.__________ 50.socialistn.adj.__________ 51.socialismn.__________ 52.occurvi.__________ 53.cattlen.__________ 54.Hispanicn.__________ 55.indicatevt.__________ 56.backtoback__________ 57.luggagen.__________ 58.shavevt.&vi.(shaved;shaved,shaven)___ _______ 59.cablen.__________ 60.cablecar__________ 61.AndrewHallidie__________ 62.tramn.__________ 63.apparentadj.__________ 64.apparentlyadv.__________ 65.braken.Vi.&vt.__________ 66.conductorn.__________ 67.slipvi.n.__________ 68.wharfn.__________ 69.bakeryn.__________ 70.ferryn.vt.__________ 71.AngelIsland__________ 72.teamupwith__________ 73.hirevt.&n.__________ 74.fascinatingadj.__________ 75.markout__________ 76.seagulln.__________ 77.takein__________ 78.anglen.__________ 79.agreat/goodmany__________ 80.applyfor__________ 81.nowhereadv.__________ 82.miserableadj.__________ 83.punishmentn.__________ 84.justicen.__________
选修8 Unit 1 A land of diversity-Reading CALIFORNIA California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population. It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA, having attracted people from all over the world. The customs and languages of the immigrants live on in their new home. This diversity of culture is not surprising when you know the history of California. NATIVE AMERCANS Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. In the 16th century, after the arrival of the Europeans, t he native people suffered greatly. Thousands were killed or forced into slavery. In addition, many died from the diseases b rought by the Europeans. However, some survived these terrible times, and today there are more Native Americans living in California than in any other state. THE SPANISH In the 18th century California was ruled by Spain. Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century, when they fought against the native people and took their land. Two centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States. Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives. In 1821, the people of Mexico gained their independence from Spain. California then became part of Mexico. In 1846 the United States declared war on Mexico, and after the war won by the USA, Mexico had to give California to the USA. However, there is still a strong Spanish influence in the state. That is why today over 40 of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language. RUSSIANS In the early 1800s, Russian hunters, who had originally gone to Alaska, began settling in California. Today there are about 25,000 Russian-Americans living in and around San Francisco. GOLD MINERS In 1848, not long after the American-Mexican war, gold was discovered in California. The dream of becoming rich quickly attracted people from all over the world. The nearest, and therefore the first to arrive, were South Americans and people from the United States. Then adventurers from Europe and Asia soon followed. In fact, few achieved their dream of becoming rich. Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship. They settled in the new towns or on farms. By the time California elected to become the thirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society.