常用国际法词汇
Jus gentium 万民法
Law of nations 万国法
Public International law国际公法
Oppenheim奥本海
Hugo Grotius胡果·格劳秀斯
Universal// general// special international law
普遍/一般/特殊国际法
Features of international law 国际法的特征
Natures of international law 国际法的性质
International comity 国际礼让
codification of international law国际法的编纂
International Law Commission（the ILC）（联合国）国际法委员会
Effects of IL 国际法的效力
The basis of international law 国际法的效力根据
Naturalists 自然法学派
Positivists 实在法学派
Gratians 格老秀斯派（Compromise school“折中”学派）social solidarity school社会连带法学派
normalism 规范法学派
theory of power politics权力政治说
theory of policy-oriented政策定向说
Congress of Westphalia 威斯特伐利亚公会
Martin 丁韪良
sources of international law国际法的渊源
International custom国际习惯
material element “物质因素”
psychological element “心理因素”
general practice通例
Usage惯例
opinio juris “法律确信”
resolutions of international organizations国际组织的决议General principles of law一般法律原则
judicial decisions 司法判例
The teachings//writings of publicists 公法学家学说Contractual treaty 契约性条约
Law-making treaty 造法性条约
Application of IL 国际法的适用
The relationship between international and domestic// municipal law国际法与国内法的关系
Monism 一元论Dualism 二元论
adoption//incorporation采纳//纳入
transformation转化（把国际法规则内容制定为国内法规则）
国际法的基本原则Fundamental principles of international law jus cogens强行法，亦称强制规律peremptory norm
Sovereignty主权
Principle of sovereign equality主权平等原则principle of non-intervention不干内政原则
internal affairs内政
matters within domestic jurisdiction国内管辖之事件"Humanitarian" intervention “人道主义”干涉Principle of self-determination民族自决原则
The subjects of international law国际法主体International personality国际人格者
Permanent population固定的居民
Defined territory 确定的领土
Government 政府
Unitary state 单一国
Composite states//union of states复合国//国家的联合Dependent country 附属国
Federation 联邦
Confederation 联邦
Permanent neutralized state永久中立国
British Commonwealth of Nations英联邦
French Community法兰西共同体
Vassal state 附庸国
Suzerain state 宗主国
Protected//protecting state
FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS OF STATES
国家的基本权利
Right of independence 独立权
Right of equality 平等权
Right of self-defense 自卫权
Right of self-preservation自保权
Right of jurisdiction 管辖权
Territorial jurisdiction /jurisdiction based on residence领域管辖/属地管辖
Personal jurisdiction/jurisdiction based on citizenship 属人管辖/国籍管辖
Protective jurisdiction 保护性管辖
Universal jurisdiction 普遍管辖
State immunity 国家豁免权
par in parem non habet imperium拉丁语，“平等者之间无管辖权”The doctrine of absolute immunity绝对豁免原则
The doctrine of relative or restrictive immunity 相对豁免原则 RECOGNITION AND SUCCESSION
recognition of states and governments国家和政府的承认 States succession 国家继承
territorial change 领土变更
Unconstitutional regime change不合宪法的政权更迭Constitutive theory 构成说
Declaratory theory 宣告说
De jure recognition 法律上承认
De facto recognition 事实上承认
Effective control 有效统治
Principle of effectiveness 有效统治原则
doctrine of non- recognition不承认主义，如，史汀生主义（the Stimson doctrine ）
Estrada doctrine 艾斯特拉达主义——墨西哥的实践
Recognition of national liberation movement
民族解放运动组织的承认
Insurgent body 叛乱团体 Belligerent body 交战团体 Personal treaty 人身条约
dispositive//non-personal treaties非人身条约
The clean s/plate rule 白板规则
State property 国家财产 State debt 国家债务
Localized state debt 地方化债务
malicious debt “恶债”
State archives 国家档案
国际法律责任 responsibility in international law Internationally wrongful acts 国际不法行为
international crimes国际罪行
subjective responsibility主观责任说
objective responsibility客观责任说
Imputability//attributability可归责性或可归因性
limitations of sovereignty限制主权
restitution恢复原状
compensation赔偿apology道歉
liability for acts of international damage 国际损害行为的责任
activities not prohibited by international law 国际法不加禁止行为
state territory 国家领土
Territory 领土
territorial sovereignty 领土主权
the acquisition and change of territory领土的取得与变更
Occupation先占
Terra nullius无主地
Effective occupation有效占领
Prescription时效
Accretion添附
Cession割让
Conquest征服
Plebiscite//referendum全民投票，又称全民公决Self-determination of peoples民族自决condominium 共管 lease租借
Sphere of influence势力范围
International servitude国际地役
Boundary and frontier 边界与边境
Antarctic Treaty System “南极条约体系”
The sector principle 扇形原则
International law国际法 State Law国家法 the Statute of the International Court of Justice国际法院规约 International treaty国际条约 Customary International Law国际习惯 General principles of law一般法律原则 Judicial decisions司法判决 Monism一元论 Dualism二元论 Basic principles of international law国际法的基本原则Jus Congens强行法 the principle of sovereign equality of the states国家主权平等原则 the principle of non-interference不干涉原则 Mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity 互相尊重主权和领土完整 Mutual non-aggression互不侵犯 Non-interference in each other's internal affairs互不干涉内政 Equality and mutual benefit平等互利 Peaceful coexistence和平共处 the subjects of international law国际法的主体International personality国际人格
Territory领土 Residents居民 Sovereignty主权 Supreme authority最高权威 Permanent neutralized state永久中立国 Basic right and liability基本权利和义务 Right of self-defense自卫权 Jurisdiction管辖 Immunities from jurisdiction管辖豁免 International organization国际组织 The nations struggling for their independence争取独立的民族 the principles of self-determination of nations民族自决原则 Individuals under international law国际法上的个人Recognition under international law国际法上的承认 The constitutive theory构成说 The declaratory theory宣告说 The Succession继承 Consent同意 Counter-measure and self-defense反措施和自卫 Force majeure and an accident不可抗力和偶然事故 Severe distress, state of necessity危难和紧急情况Compensation赔偿 Territorial sovereignty领土主权 Condominium共管
法律英语词汇：International law 国际法由法律教育网整理。 1. A state alone can perform acts of sovereignty on its territory. 只有国家才能在自己的领土上行使主权行为。 2. Being sovereign and equal to others， a state has certain rights and corresponding duties. 作为独立、平等的主权国家，既享有某些权利，也承担相应的义务。 3. Both sides claimed the other side broke the peace agreement. 双方都声称对方破坏了和平协议。 4. Every state has the duty to refrain from use of force against the territorial integrity of any other state. 任何国家都负有不得使用武力侵犯别国领土完整的责任。 5. He claimed diplomatic immunity to avoid being arrested. 为了避免被捕，他声称享有外交豁免权。 6. His passport is out of date. 他的护照已过期。 7. Illegal immigrants are deported. 非法移民要被驱逐出境。 8. One of the most flagrant of infringement of independence of States is intervention. 公然侵犯国家独立的行为之一是干涉。 9. Public international law has been regarded as a system of principles and rules designed to govern relations between sovereign states. 国际公法一直被视为是调整主权国关系的一套原则和规则。 10. The beginnings of international law as it is known today are usually traced to the 16th and 17th centuries.
常用国际法词汇 Jus gentium 万民法 Law of nations 万国法 Public International law国际公法 Oppenheim奥本海 Hugo Grotius胡果·格劳秀斯 Universal// general// special international law 普遍/一般/特殊国际法 Features of international law 国际法的特征 Natures of international law 国际法的性质 International comity 国际礼让 codification of international law国际法的编纂 International Law Commission（the ILC）（联合国）国际法委员会 Effects of IL 国际法的效力 The basis of international law 国际法的效力根据
Naturalists 自然法学派 Positivists 实在法学派 Gratians 格老秀斯派（Compromise school“折中”学派）social solidarity school社会连带法学派 normalism 规范法学派 theory of power politics权力政治说 theory of policy-oriented政策定向说 Congress of Westphalia 威斯特伐利亚公会 Martin 丁韪良 sources of international law国际法的渊源 International custom国际习惯 material element “物质因素” psychological element “心理因素” general practice通例 Usage惯例
International relations 国际关系常用词汇 protectorate （被）保护国 asylum 庇护；避难 forntier region, border region 边界地区 boundary negotiation 边界谈判 status quo of the boundary 边界现状 never to attach any conditions 不附带任何条件 non-aligned countries 不结盟国家 patrimonial sea 承袭海 consultations 磋商 the third world 第三世界 imperialism 帝国主义 200-nauticalmile maritime rights 二百海里海洋权 developing countries 发展中国家 dependency 附庸国 plebiscite 公民投票 generally-accepted principles of international relations 公认的国际关系原则joint action 共同行动 normalization of relations 关系正常化 an established principle of international law 国际法准则 rudimentary code of international relations 国际关系中最起码的准则international waters 国际水域 international situation 国际形势 merger of states 国家合并 national boundary 国界 maritime resources 海洋资源 mutual understanding and mutual accommodation 互谅互让 exchange of needed goods 互通有无 détente, 缓和 fundamental rights 基本权利 reduction or cancellation of debts 减轻债务负担
国际法上的专用词汇 protectorate （被）保护国 asylum 庇护；避难 forntier region， border region 边界地区 boundary negotiation 边界谈判 status quo of the boundary 边界现状 never to attach any conditions 不附带任何条件 non-aligned countries 不结盟国家 patrimonial sea 承袭海 consultations 磋商 the third world 第三世界 imperialism 帝国主义 200-nauticalmile maritime rights 二百海里海洋权developing countries 发展中国家 dependency 附庸国 plebiscite 公民投票 generally-accepted principles of international relations 公认的国际关系原则 joint action 共同行动
normalization of relations 关系正常化 an established principle of international law 国际法准则 rudimentary code of international relations 国际关系中最起码的准则 international waters 国际水域 international situation 国际形势 merger of states 国家合并 national boundary 国界 maritime resources 海洋资源 mutual understanding and mutual accommodation 互谅互让 exchange of needed goods 互通有无 détente，缓和 fundamental rights 基本权利 reduction or cancellation of debts 减轻债务负担 Near East 近东 right of residence 居留权 arms dealer， merchant of death 军火商 territorial sea 领海 limits of territorial sea 领海范围
绪论INTRODUCTION：NATURES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW Public International law国际公法 Universal// general// special international law 普遍/一般/特殊国际法 International custom国际习惯General principles of law一般法律原则Bentham边沁International Law Commission（联合国）国际法委员会 The basis of internationl law and theories thereto国际法的效力根据与学派 Oppenheim奥本海Features of international law 国际法的特征 Natures of international law 国际法的性质Jus gentium 万民法 Writings of publicists 公法学家学说International comity 国际礼让 Effects of IL 国际法的效力Contractual treaty 契约性条约 Law-making treaty 造法性条约Application of IL 国际法的适用Monism 一元论 Dualism or pluralism 二元论adoption//incorporation采纳//纳入 transformation转化（把国际法规则内容制定为国内法规则） 国际法上的国家STATES IN INTERNATIONAL LAW Permanent population固定的居民Defined territory 确定的领土Government 政府Sovereignty 主权Unitary state 单一国 Composite states//union of states 复合国//国家的联合Dependent country 附属国 Federation 联邦Confederation 联邦Permanent neutralized state永久中立国 British Commonwealth of Nations英联邦French Community法兰西共同体 Vatican City State 梵蒂冈市国Vassal state 附庸国Suzerain state 宗主国 Protected//protecting state FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS OF STATES National fundamental rights 国家的基本权利Right of independence 独立权 Right of equality 平等权Right of self-defence 自卫权 Right of self-preservation自保权Right of jurisdiction 管辖权 Territorial jurisdiction /jurisdiction based on residence?属地管辖 Personal jurisdiction/jurisdiction based on citizenship 属人管辖Protective jurisdiction 保护性管辖Universal jurisdiction 普遍管辖State immunity 国家豁免权 The doctrine of absolute immunity绝对豁免原则 The doctrine of relative or restrictive immunity 相对豁免原则 RECOGNITION AND SUCCESSION recognition of states and governments国家和政府的承认States succession 国家继承Constitutive theory 构成说Declaratory theory 宣告说De jure recognition 法律上承认 De facto recognition 事实上承认Effective control 有效统治 Principle of effectiveness 有效统治原则 Recognition of national liberation movement民族解放运动组织的承认 Insurgent body 叛乱团体Belligerent body 交战团体Personal treaty 人身条约dispositive//non-personal treaties非人身条约The clean s/plate rule 白板规则 State property 国家财产State debt 国家债务Localized state debt 地方化债务 State archives 国家档案The principle of non-recognition不承认原则 国际争端法 PEACEFUL SETTLEMENT OF INTERNA TIONAL DISPUTES the principle of peaceful settlement of international disputes Political methods //legal methods of settlements regional agencies or arrangements 区域机关和区域办法 International Court of Justice国际法院V oluntary jurisdiction自愿管辖
绪论INTRODUCTION:NA TURES OF INTERNA TIONAL LAW Public International law国际公法 Universal// general// special international law 普遍/一般/特殊国际法 International custom国际习惯General principles of law一般法律原则Bentham边沁 International Law Commission(联合国)国际法委员会 The basis of internationl law and theories thereto国际法的效力根据与学派 Oppenheim奥本海Features of international law 国际法的特征 Natures of international law 国际法的性质Jus gentium 万民法 Writings of publicists 公法学家学说International comity 国际礼让 Effects of IL 国际法的效力Contractual treaty 契约性条约 Law-making treaty 造法性条约Application of IL 国际法的适用Monism 一元论 Dualism or pluralism 二元论adoption//incorporation采纳//纳入 transformation转化(把国际法规则内容制定为国内法规则) 国际法上的国家STATES IN INTERNATIONAL LAW Permanent population固定的居民Defined territory 确定的领土Government 政府 Sovereignty 主权Unitary state 单一国 Composite states//union of states 复合国//国家的联合Dependent country 附属国 Federation 联邦Confederation 联邦Permanent neutralized state永久中立国 British Commonwealth of Nations英联邦French Community法兰西共同体 Vatican City State 梵蒂冈市国Vassal state 附庸国Suzerain state 宗主国 Protected//protecting state FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS OF STATES National fundamental rights 国家的基本权利Right of independence 独立权 Right of equality 平等权Right of self-defence 自卫权 Right of self-preservation自保权Right of jurisdiction 管辖权 Territorial jurisdiction /jurisdiction based on residence?属地管辖 Personal jurisdiction/jurisdiction based on citizenship 属人管辖Protective jurisdiction 保护性管辖Universal jurisdiction 普遍管辖State immunity 国家豁免权 The doctrine of absolute immunity绝对豁免原则 The doctrine of relative or restrictive immunity 相对豁免原则 RECOGNITION AND SUCCESSION recognition of states and governments国家与政府的承认States succession 国家继承 Constitutive theory 构成说Declaratory theory 宣告说De jure recognition 法律上承认 De facto recognition 事实上承认Effective control 有效统治 Principle of effectiveness 有效统治原则 Recognition of national liberation movement民族解放运动组织的承认 Insurgent body 叛乱团体Belligerent body 交战团体Personal treaty 人身条约 dispositive//non-personal treaties非人身条约The clean s/plate rule 白板规则 State property 国家财产State debt 国家债务Localized state debt 地方化债务 State archives 国家档案The principle of non-recognition不承认原则 国际争端法 PEACEFUL SETTLEMENT OF INTERNA TIONAL DISPUTES the principle of peaceful settlement of international disputes Political methods //legal methods of settlements regional agencies or arrangements 区域机关与区域办法 International Court of Justice国际法院V oluntary jurisdiction自愿管辖 Conventional jurisdiction协定管辖Optional compulsory jurisdiction任意强制管辖 retortion 反报reprisals 报复negotiation 谈判consultation 协商inquiry//investigation 调查good offices
Lesson One ??债转股debt-to-equity swap ??港元的联系汇率制the linkage system between the US dollar and the HK dollar ??坏帐、呆帐、死帐bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan ??反倾销措施anti-dumping measures against... ??通货紧缩deflation ??通货膨胀inflation ??非配额产品quota-free products ??非生产性投资investment in non-productive projects ??风险管理/评估risk management/ assessment ??风险基金venture capital ??风险准备金loan loss provision/ provisions of risk ??搞活国有大中型企业revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises ??规模经济scale economy/ economies of scale ??国合企业(即国有合作社) state-owned cooperatives ??国际收支balance of international payments/ balance of payment ??国际收支不平衡disequilibrium of balance of payment ??国家补贴public subsidies ??国家现汇结存state foreign exchange reserves ??合理引导消费guide rational consumption ??季节性调价seasonal price adjustments ??既成事实established/accomplished facts ??技工贸结合的科技型企业scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological development with industrial and trade development ??劳动密集性企业labor-intensive enterprises ??乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory donations and random levies on enterprises ??千年问题、千年虫millennium bug ??企业技术改造technological updating of enterprises ??企业亏损补贴subsidies to cover enterprise losses ??实行国民待遇grant the national treatment to ??平等互利、讲求实效、形式多 样、共同发展的方针pursuing practical results, adopting various ways and seeking common development/ the principle of equality, mutual benefit, efficiency, diversity and mutual development ??瓶颈制约"bottleneck" restrictions Lesson Two ??市场准人的行政管理措施AAMA: Administrative Aspects of Market Access ??亚太工商咨询理事会ABAC: APEC Business Advisory Council ??亚太商业论坛ABF: APEC Business Forum ??亚太通讯与数据系统ACDS: APEC Communications and Database System
国际法英文单词
绪论INTRODUCTION：NATURES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW Public International law国际公法 Universal// general// special international law 普遍/一般/特殊国际法 International custom国际习惯 General principles of law一般法律原则 Bentham边沁International Law Commission（联合国）国际法委员会 The basis of internationl law and theories thereto国际法的效力根据与学派Oppenheim奥本海 Features of international law 国际法的特征 Natures of international law 国际法的性质 Jus gentium 万民法 Writings of publicists 公法学家学说 International comity 国际礼让 Effects of IL 国际法的效力 Contractual treaty 契约性条约 Law-making treaty 造法性条约 Application of IL 国际法的适用 Monism 一元论Dualism or pluralism 二元论 adoption//incorporation采纳//纳入 transformation转化（把国际法规则内容制定为国内法规则） 国际法上的国家STATES IN INTERNATIONAL LAW Permanent population固定的居民 Defined territory 确定的领土 Government 政府 Sovereignty 主权 Unitary state 单一国 Composite states//union of states 复合国//国家的联合 Dependent country 附属国Federation 联邦 Confederation 联邦 Permanent neutralized state永久中立国British Commonwealth of Nations英联邦 French Community法兰西共同体 Vatican City State 梵蒂冈市国 Vassal state 附庸国 Suzerain state 宗主国Protected//protecting state FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS OF STATES National fundamental rights 国家的基本权利 Right of independence 独立权 Right of equality 平等权 Right of self-defence 自卫权 Right of self-preservation自保权 Right of jurisdiction 管辖权 Territorial jurisdiction /jurisdiction based on residence?属地管辖
国际法英文单词 绪论INTRODUCTION:NATURES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW Public International law 国际公法 Universal// general// special international law 普遍/一般/特姝国际法 International custom 国际习惯General principles of law 一般法律原则Bentham 边沁 International Law Commission（联合国）国际法委员会 The basis of internationl law and theories thereto 国际法的效力根据与学派 Oppenheim 奥本海Features of international law 国际法的特征 Natures of international law 国际法的性质Jus gentium 万民法 Writings of publicists 公法学家学说International comity 国际礼让 Effects of IL国际法的效力Contractual treaty契约性条约 Law-making treaty造法性条约Application of IL国际法的适用Monism 一元论 Dualism or pluralism 二元论adoption//incorporation 采纳〃纳入transformation转化（把国际法规则内容制左为国内法规则） 国际法上的国家STATES IN INTERNATIONAL LAW Permanent population 固能的居民Defined territory f确定的领土Government 政府 Sovereignty 主权Unitary slate 单一国 Composite states//union of states 复合国〃国家的联合Dependent country1附属国 Federation 联邦Confederation 联邦Permanent neutralized state 永久中立国 British Commonwealth of Nations 英联邦French Community 法兰西共同体 Vatican City State 梵蒂冈市国Vassal state 附庸国Suzerain state 宗主国 Protected//protecting state FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS OF STATES National fundamental rights 国家的基本权利Right of independence 独立权 Right of equality 平等权Right of self-defence 自卫权 Right of self-preservation 自保权Right of jurisdiction 管辖权 Territorial jurisdiction /jurisdiction based on residence?）!地管辖 Personal jurisdiction/jurisdiction based on citizenship 属人管辖Protective jurisdiction 保护性管辖 Universal jurisdiction 普遍管辖State immunity 国家豁免权 The doctrine of absolute ininiunity 绝对豁免原则 The doctrine of relative or restrictive immunity 相对豁免原则 RECOGNITION AND SUCCESSION recognition of states and governments 国家与政府的承认States succession 国家继承Constitutive theory 构成说Declaratory theor>r宣告说De jure recognition 法律上承认De facto recognition 事实上承认Effective control 有效统治 Principle of effectiveness 有效统治原则 Recognition of national liberation movement 民族解放运动组织的承认 Insurgent body 叛乱团体Belligerent body 交战团体Personal treaty 人身条约 dispositive//non-personal treaties 非人身条约The clean s/plate rule 白板规则 State property 国家财产State debt 国家债务Localized state debt 地方化债务 State archives 国家档案The principle of non-recognition 不承认原则 国际争端法' PEACEFUL SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DISPUTES the principle of peaceful settlement of international disputes Political methods //legal methods of settlements regional agencies or arrangements 区域机关与区域亦法 International Court of Justice 国际法院Voluntar}r jurisdiction 自愿管辖
《国际法》（英文）术语中英文对照表 Cannon-shot rule 大炮射程规则 customary law 习惯法Continental shelf大陆架 ambassador 大使High sea 公海 equitable principles 公平原则Minister 公使 extradition 引渡Exclusive economic zone, EEZ,专属经济区terra nullius 无主地Innocent passage 无害通过 sovereignty 主权Sovereign rights 主权权利 absolute immunity 绝对豁免Restrictive immunity限制豁免 judicial decision司法判决World trade organization, WTO,世界贸易组织 asylum 庇护charge d'affaires代办 transit passage 过境通行naturalization 归化 exhaustion of local remedies 用尽当地救济freedom of navigation 航行自由 self defense 自卫rights of self determination 自决权 tariff 关税arbitration 仲裁 reservation of treaty 条约的保留League of Nations 国际联盟 International Court of Justice 国际法院International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea，ITLOS，国际海洋法法庭International Civil Aviation Organization, ICAO，国际民用航空组织International disputes 国际争端 International Monetary Fund, IMF,国际货币基金组织 Subjects of international law，国际法主体 International Criminal Court,ICC,国际刑事法院 nationality 国籍Municipal/domestic law 国内法 state sovereignty 国家主权Counselor 参赞 separate customs territory 单独关税区
一、国际公法名词解释 1.Archipelagic sea lane passage群岛海道通过p.332 2.straight baseline直线基线p.307 3.exclusive economic zone专属经济区p.319 4.Martens clause 5.jus cogens强行法p.41 6.condominium共同管辖权 7.neutralized states中立国p.77/p.700 8.the sector principle扇形原则 9.attaches附属国/添附 10.natural prolongation principles自然延长原则 11.pacta sunt servanda约定必须遵守批p.209
12.principle of effectiveness有效原则 13.par in parem non habet jurisdictionem平等者之间无管辖权 14.accretion添附p.286 15.jus sanguinis血统主义p.117 16.rebus sic stantibus 17.retortion报复 18.extra territorial asylum领事庇护、域外庇护 19.a delict jure genetium 20.treaty-contracts 21.international comity国际法院 22.Drago Doctrine
23.trust territories 24.cession割让p.287 25.jussoli 26.signature ad referendum暂签p.198 27.continental shelf大陆架p.321 28.Westphalia Congress维斯特法利亚国会/立法会 29.Diplomatic Corps外交团p.243 30.the legation premises使馆（外交人员的经营场所） 31.nuncios 32.the peaceful co-existence principle和平共处原则p.50 33.non-belligerents不交战者、中立者
LESSON1 合同法□□□□□□lawContract 财产法□□□□□□Property law 信托法□□□□□□lawTrust 侵权法□□□□□□lawTort 宪法□□□□□□law Constitutional 刑法□□□□□□Criminal law 行政法□□□□□□Administrativelaw 国际法□□□□□□International law 金融衍生产品市场□□□□□Financialderivative market □□□□□□动产Personal property □□□□□□不动产property Real 担保（复数形式证券）□□□□□□Security □□□□□□先例Precedent □□□□□□实体法Substantivelaw
□□□□□□程序法Procedurallaw □□□□□□公法Publiclaw 私法□□□□□□Private law □□□□□□刑法Criminal law □□□□□□民法，大陆法lawCivil □□□□□□普通法Common law □□□□□□自我防卫defenseSelf □□□□□□强迫Duress □□□□□□遵循先例decisisStare □□□□□□司法管辖权法域/Jurisdiction □□□□□□财政诉讼法院The Exchequer □□□□□□王座法院King`sThe bench □□□□□□普通诉讼法院Common pleas □□□□□□领地法院Manorial courts □□□□□□男爵法院courtsBaronial
□□□□□□海事法院courtsAdmiral`s(maritime)□□□□□□同业行会，行会Guild □□□□□□王室猎场法院Forestcourts □□□□□□书面命令，令状Writ 判例汇编□□□□□□reportLaw □□□□□对适用法律的裁决of lawFindings □□□□□□对事实的决定factofDeterminations □□□□□□教会法lawCanon □□□□□□自然法lawNatural □□□□□□实证主义Positivism □□□□□□法典化Codification □□□□□□汉谟拉比法典of HammurabiCoreThe 3LESSON □□□□□□联邦制Federalism □□□□□□初审法院Trial court □□□□□□廉洁行为Good behavior