情态动词虚拟语气及短文填空一.情态动词用法简表
情态动词表情(感)态(度)
情态动词表推测
情态动词表虚拟
补充说明：
1.根据情态动词表推测的确信程度大小可作如下排序：
must>will>would>ought to>should>can>could>may>might
2.shall的用法：
(1)shall用于一、三人称疑问句中，表示征求对方的同意或向对方请示。
(2)shall用于二、三人称的陈述句中，表示说话人的允诺、保证、命令、威胁、警告、决心, 或者法律规章上的指示和规定等。
e.g.: ①Shall I open the window?
②You shall get a new bike you want very much if you win the first prize in the coming exam.
注：shall, will表示命令时的区别。
⑴shall指法律、规章、制度上的“必须”。常用于正式文件中。
⑵will指责任、义务上的“必须”。常用于日常交际中。
e.g.:①Each competitor shall wear a number.
②No one will leave the examination room before ten o'clock.
3．should的用法:
⑴表意外，指说话人对某事不能理解，感到意外或惊异，意为“竟然，竟会”。
⑵表推测，指确定的或可能有的未来或希望，意为“应该”。
情态动词与虚拟语气 【语法要点】 情态动词 所谓情态动词是指它含有一定的含义，可以表达某种感情和说话的语气，但是它不可以单独使用 作谓语动词。学习情态动词主要学习英语国家的语言习惯和表达法，特别是在口语中不要过分追求原理，更不要不根据说话场合而进行推理，编造出一些语法结构正确的中文式英语。 一、情态动词的类型 1.只作情态动词的有：must、can、could、may、might、ought to 2.既可作情态动词又可作实义动词的有：need、dare 3.既可作情态动词又可作助动词的有：shall、should、will、would 二、情态动词的特征 1.表示说话人的情感态度，不能单独作谓语，与行为动词或连系动词一起作谓语。 2.情态动词没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形。 3.具有助动词的特征：可用来构成否定句、疑问句或简短答语。 三、情态动词的用法 1.表示能力 （1）表示现在的能力，用can 或be able to。表示一般的能力时多用can，表示“经过努力成功 的做成某事”用be able to。 （2）表示过去的能力，用could或was/were be able to。区别同上。 （3）表示将来的能力，用will be able to。 2.表示推测、可能性 （1）can 用在肯定句中表示客观的可能性，而不表示具体事情实际发生的可能性。 例如：Accidents can happy on such rainy days. （2）表示具体事情实际发生的可能性的情态动词，其表示可能性的层次如下表： 情态动词肯定式否定式疑问式 must 必定、必然、一定 will 很可能、大概不会、不该会,,吗？ would 可能性较will 小不会、不该（较won’t 弱）会,,吗？（较will 弱） should 应该会、理应（表示合乎理想的情况或结果） ought to 与should 同义 can 一定不会、不可能（否定推测）有可能吗？ could 可疑的可能不可能（与can’t 同义）有可能吗？（较can 弱）may 或许、可能、说不定可能不 might 或许、可能（较may 弱）可能不（较may not 弱） 注意→（1）may，must 常用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句和疑问句。 （2）can 常用于否定句，疑问句和感叹句中，表示疑惑、惊讶或不相信等意思。could 既可用于肯定句，又可用于否定句、疑问句中。
短文填词 A Father and I left early．These shopping trips used to be．Mother’s business，so it was (不寻常的)for us to go into town 1．together．We waited for over an hour before the bus d up 2 finally．Father was polite and stood (旁边)while others 3． all climbed ohto it，so the time we got on，there were no 4．seats．We had to all the way into town．At last we arrived，5． cold and (疲惫)．“I’m hungry，”I said．Father took me to 6． a r for lunch．We were preparing to visit my grandmother，7． who lived in a cold (北方的)province．So we decided 8 ． to get some clothes．We’went from shop to shop，b shoes．9． It was very late we visited the last shop for my coat．10． B With the social development and progress, TV has become a necessity for people at home Nowadays，almost every family has a TV set，and a______ 1. ____________ everyone likes watching TV．TV has become ________ of our life． 2 ____________ TV has many _______，for example，it informs us of the 3. ____________ _____(最新的) news that is happening in the world；it can open our 4. ____________ eyes，e _____ our knowledge and also help us to see more 5. ____________ about the world．____ (然而) ，it also has some disadvantages．People 6. ____________ waste too much time _______ watching TV and their normal life 7. ____________ and work are _______(影响)．To the children who spend too 8. ____________ much time in watching TV，it can do ______ to their sight 9 ____________ and health．So we should ______ (控制) the time of watching TV．10.______________ C. At 3:00 this afternoon, the teachers and students in Senior Three as well as our parents a_______ the grown-up ceremony 56. ___ __ held in the school hall, ____ theme is “Growth and responsibility”. 57. ___ ___ ____, we made an oath(宣誓), and then a student, representing all of us, 58. ___ made a speech, ____(表达)our thanks to not only our parents but also 59. ____ __ our teachers and talking about our g____ ideals. After that, 60. ___ some teachers and parents offered us their_______(祝贺) and 61. ______ expressed their expectations for our f_____. Finally, we watched 62. _____ wonderful performances p__ on by students from different classes. 63. _______ The ceremony was over, but it has made me _____ that I 64. __ __ have ______（成长）up and I am supposed to shoulder the responsibility 65. ___ ___ D With the development of agriculture and industry, more and more people are pouring into big cities, ________ causes so much 56．___________ trouble.__________the growth of the population, city problems 57．___________
专题六情态动词和虚拟语气 1.【2015·北京】29．—Can’t you stay a little longer? —It’s getting late. I really _____go now, My daughter is home alone. A .may B .can C . must D .dare 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：——你不能再多待会儿吗?——很晚了，我必须得走了.我女儿一个人在家.A. may可能，可以，也许；B. can能，会；C. must必须，必然要，必定会；D. dare敢，胆敢.结合句意，故选C. 【考点定位】考查情态动词辨析 【名师点睛】本题是考查情态动词，这里考查的是语气的强度，在这里结合语境是“一定”的意思，所以要做好此类辨析题需掌握情态动词选项的语气并结合语境. 2.【2015·北京】34. If I _____it with my own eyes ,I wouldn’t have believed it. A . didn’t see B. weren’t seeing C. wouldn’t see D. hadn’t seen 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：句意：如果不是我亲眼看到，我不会相信.根据后半句wouldn’t have believed 可以判断是对过去的虚拟.所以从句是if+主语+ had+done的形式.故选D. 【考点定位】虚拟语气 【名师点睛】条件句中有if引导时,首先要根据句意和句子结构判断是真实条件句还是虚拟条件句,如果符合虚拟的结构,就可以根据句子中的时间和语意判断应该用哪种虚拟语气. 3.【2015·重庆】7. Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway____ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms. A.d idn’t write B. hadn’t written C. wouldn’t write D. wouldn’t have written 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：句意：没有他战时的经验，海明威就不可能写出著名的小说永别了武器.根据without his wartime experience没有战时的经历，可知表示对于过去的否定猜测，故主句
高中英语虚拟语气知识 点及练习 内部编号：（YUUT-TBBY-MMUT-URRUY-UOOY-DBUYI-0128）
虚拟语气：虚拟证据表示说的话不是事实，或者不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或者与事实相反的假设等，一般常用于正式的书面语中。 一、虚拟语气在if条件从句中的用法： 1、a. If I were you, I would apply for the job. b. If I lived near my office, I would walk to the office. 与现在事实相反，If条件从句谓语：过去式（be用were） 主句谓语：should / would / could / might+动词原形 2、a. If you had been more careful, You could have passed the exam. b. If you had turned off the gas, the house wouldn’t have caught fire. 与过去事实相反，If条件从句谓语：had+动词过去分词 主句谓语：should / would / could / might + have done 3、a. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping. b. if it were to rain tomorrow, we would not go camping. c. If it rained tomorrow, we would not go camping. 与将来事实相反：If条件从句谓语：过去式 / should + v原形 / were + to do 主句谓语：should / would / could / might + do 二、混合虚拟条件句：不同时间的虚拟，各遵守各的规则，如： a. If you had followed the doctor’s advice, you would be quite all right now. 从句叙述与过去事实相反（had + done），主句叙述与现在事实相反（would + v）
高考英语短文填词练习篇 Each morning, I get up early. When I wake up, I give thanks, __16__ my achievements and the person I have become. My reflection __17__(remind) me to be grateful for the unique characteristics that make me who I am. At times, I may not feel pleased __18__ the characteristics that I struggle to improve on. But that feeling doesn't remain with me for long __19__ I tell myself that there is so much more I can celebrate about me and my life. When I am not __20__ (please) with my body weight, for example, I avoid always thinking about that feeling. Instead, I ask __21__ why at I plan to do about it. I am also learning to be happy with what I already have. My life and environment are really extensions of me —__22__ (result) from doing the best I can with the gifts and challenges of my life’s journey. Today, I look in the mirror and see __23__ divine(神圣的) creation, I commit to loving the person __ 24__ looks back at me because I am __25__ (true) blessed. 【参考答案】 16. for 17. reminds 18. with 19. because 20. pleased 21. myself 22. resulting 23. a 24. who 25. truly 语法填空 16. for。考查介词。后接表示感谢的内容。 17. reminds。考查谓语动词。此处需要用动词的第三人称形式。 18. with。考查介词。feel pleased with意为“对……感到满意”。 19. because。考查连词。此处句意为，但是那种感觉不会伴随我很长时间，因为我告诉自己我和我的生活还有很多可以庆祝。 20. pleased。考查词类转换。根据句意，此处应该用形容词作表语。 21. myself。考查反身代词。根据主语I可知，应是我问“我自己”。 22. resulting。考查非谓语动词。result与主语之间为主动关系，因此用V-ing作状语。 23. a。考查冠词。此处泛指一件神圣的作品。 24. who。考查定语从句。先行词是人，从句缺主语，因此用who。 25. truly。考查词类转换。此处修饰表语blessed，因此用副词truly修饰。 高中英语短文填空练习篇 “Get up!” my mother would shout. “Help me iron my shirt. I have 30 minutes to get to work. ” My sisters and I would rise，__1__(peek)at the dark outside that little white house on the black side of town. I would plug in the iron，then press Mom's jeans and white shirt—the uniform she__2__(wear)to the aircraft factory. __3__(puzzle)，I wondered why Mom could not prepare her clothes herself. I grew up，and Mom came to visit: “Where's your iron?” “Back of the linen closet”，I told her. “I don't use it at all. I hate__4__(iron).I never understood why you couldn't iron your own clothes when we were growing up. ” “Neenie，” she said，“you have no idea__5__ we went through in those factories. But I knew I could not quit because I had four girls to take care of. ” She explained she needed our help to arm her with the faith__6__(return)for shift work. Dull labor for__7__ brilliant woman. “One day my supervisor got much__8__(crazy)at me，” she recalled，“and made me go outside and pick up trash. ” He ruled over her__9__ absolute power. Then I understood. It was women like my mother—and many women today—who did the hard jobs，so their children can sit at computers and watch programmes__10__(glad). 1.解析：作前面sit的伴随状语，因此用现在分词的形式。
一．情态动词 1.---Could I borrow your dictionary? ----Yes,of course you_____. A.might B. will C. can D. should 2.---Shall we go skating or stay at home? ----Which _____do yourself? A.do you rather B.would you rather C.will you rather D.should you rather 3.It’s nearly seven o’clock.Jack ___be here at any moment. A. must B need C should D can 4.A computer __think for itself ,it must be told what to do. A. can’t B couldn’t C may not D might 5. Johnny,you ___play with the knife.You ___hurt yourself. A.won’t ;can’t B. mustn’t; may C. shouldn’t; must D. can’t; shouldn’t 6.—Shall I tell John about it? -----No,you _____.I’ve told him already. A. needn’t B.wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 7.---Don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. ----______. A.I don’t B.I won’t C.I can’t D.I haven’t 8.He ____you more help,even though he was busy. A.might have given B.might give C.may have given D.may give 9.----There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. ---It ___a comfortbable journey. A.can’t be B.shouldn’t be C.mustn’t have been D.couldn’t have been 10.I told Sally how to get there ,but perhaps I ___for her. A.had to write it out B.must to have written it out C.should have written it out D.ought to write it out 11.---When can I come for photos?I need them tomorrow afternoon. ---They ___be ready by 12:00. A.can B. should C might D need 12.---I stayed at a hotel while in New York. ----Oh,did you?You ____with Barbara. A.could have stayed B.could stay C.would stay D.must have stayed 13.-----Alice, you feed the bird today.____? -----But I fed it yesterday. A.do you B.will you C.didn’t you D.don’t you 14.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ____get out. A.had to B.would C.was able to D.could
@ 情态动词和虚拟语气 1. Jack descried his father, who ________a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-wiled man A. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been ） 2. —Good morning. I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department. —Ah, good morning. You _______ be Mrs. Peters. A. might B. must C. would D. can recommend parents _______ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety. ~ A. not allow B. do not allow C. mustn’t allow D. couldn’t allow 4. You_______ buy a gift, but you can if you want to. A. must B. mustn't C. have to D. don't have to 5. —I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month. —Don’t worry. You________ have it by Friday. A. could B. shall C. must D. may w_w w. k#s 6. I have told you the truth I keep repeating it A. Must B. Can C. May D. Will ~ 7. Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _______ be regular exercise. A. can B. will C. must D. may 8. Just be patient. You ________ expect the world to change so soon. A. can’t B. needn’t C. may not D. will not 9. I’m afraid Mr. Harding ________ see you now. He’s busy. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t 10. I _______ have watched that movie—it’ll give me horrible dreams. A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t < 11. –May I take this book out of the reading room –No, you . You read it in here. A. mightn’t B. won’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t 12. —Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday. — Oh, you _________ have done it as yesterday was the deadline. A. must B. mustn't C. should D. shouldn't 13. — _______ I take the book out —I'm afraid not. *
关于高考英语短文填空题 导读：我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《关于高考英语短文填空题》的内容，具体内容：英语短文填空主要考查学生的语言积累及运用能力,在解题时,先浏览短文再把握短文中心句、重点段落及关键词。我精心收集了，供大家欣赏学习!篇1The woman ofte... 英语短文填空主要考查学生的语言积累及运用能力,在解题时,先浏览 短文再把握短文中心句、重点段落及关键词。我精心收集了，供大家欣赏学习! 篇1 The woman often called the First Lady of New York died on August. Brooke Astor was one hundred five years old. The extremely wealthy and famous New Yorker spent much of her life __1__(help)the needy in her beloved city. She was born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. She was the only child of a high level military officer. After two earlier __2__(marry) ，she married Vincent Astor in 1953 again. He came from a family __3__ had been rich for least on hundred years. Among other things, he owed many buildings in New York City. Brooke Astor became one of the __4__(rich)women in the world when Vincent Astor died. She also became head of a huge charity organization_ _5__(found) by her
Subjunctive mood (P122, p. 129. P 143 动词过去完成体P181-190, 395)条件句 14. “I wondered if I could have a word with you.” The past tense in the sentence refers to a __B___. (p128) 2017 A. past event for exact time reference B. present event for tentativeness C. present event for uncertainty D. past event for politeness V. in specific contexts, the simple past can also denote the present or the future time. There are two uses. One is known as the attitudinal past (属于“表态性过去时” (attitudinal past), 即表示说话人当前的试探性态度, 而非过去时间, 多用于表示意愿或心理状态的动词) , that is , the past tense is associated with the present time in independent clauses expressing a question, request or suggestion. Its effect is to make the question/request/suggestion less direct, implying a polite, somewhat tentative attitude试探性态度，婉转语气on the part of the speaker. A: Did you want me? B.Yes, I wondered if you could give me some help . Want, wonder, think, hope
高三英语短文填空专练（一） A 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Great Wall of China, one of the greatest wonders of the world, 61 （list）as a World Heritage in 1987. 62 a history of about 2,700 years, some of the Great Wall sections are now in ruins or have disappeared. But it still has cultural and historic significance because it’s a great building. Every 300 to 500 meters, there are fortresses（堡垒）. They are two kinds. One is two-storied fortress called fighting tower. The ground floor was used for living, storing weapons and the top floor was used for watching and shooting. And 63 other kind is fighting terrace（平台）used for patrolling（巡逻）and fighting. Many castles 64 （stand）on the higher part along the Great Wall are actually beacon（烽火）towers. In ancient times, soldiers made smoke in daytime and fire at night if they found 65 （enemy）. The soldier who saw the fire in another faraway beacon tower would light fire __66__（instant）and the next beacon tower would do the same. The message could be transmitted in a short while to the command post. During that period, it was one of the means of 67__ （communicate）.
要点一情态动词的基本用法 ,could 【温馨提示】 can有时也用于肯定句,表示理论上的可能性或一时的情况。常译为“有时会”。 ,might 【温馨提示】 may表示请求许可时,其否定回答一般用mustn’t。may not意为“可能不”,而can’t意为“不可能”。 ,would 【温馨提示】 would表示过去的习惯时仅指动作,而且不与现在作对比;used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态,而且与现在作对比,说明现在这种动作或状态已经不存在。
,should,ought to ,have to 【温馨提示】 (1)在回答must的问句时,否定回答通常用needn’t或don’t have to。(2) mustn’t表示“禁止;不许”;而don’t have to表示“不必”。(3) must只有一种形式,而have to有人称、时态的变化。 的用法 的用法
【温馨提示】 (1)dare用作情态动词有dare,dared两种形式。 (2)dare用作实义动词,后接不定式,不定式符号to可省去,但dare以动词-ing形式出现时,不定式符号to不能省略。 要点二“情态动词+have done ”的用法 have done表示对过去已发生的事情进行肯定的推断,只用于肯定句中,意为“一定,必定”,其否定形式为:can’t/cannot have done。 It must have rained last night,for the road was quite wet. 昨晚肯定下雨了,因为路面十分潮湿。 I saw Mr Wang just can’t have gone abroad. 刚刚我还看见王先生了,他不可能已经出国了。 have done意为“本来可以……,本来能够……”,表示虚拟语气。 You could have made greater progress,but you didn’t try your best. 你本来可以取得更大的进步,但是你没有努力。 might have done表示对过去已发生的事情进行推断,意为“可能/或许已经……”。其否定形式为: may/might not have done意为“可能没有做……”。 It’s no use going to his may not have gone may have gone somewhere else. 去他家没用。他可能没有回家,可能已经去了别的地方。 ought to have done表示本应该做某事,却没有做,含有责备或后悔之意。其否定形式为should not/ought not to
谓语动词(情态动词、虚拟语气) 要点一情态动词的基本用法 【温馨提示】can有时也用于肯定句,表示理论上的可能性或一时的情况。常译为“有时会”。 2.may,might 【温馨提示】may表示请求许可时,其否定回答一般用mustn’t。may not意为“可能不”,而can’t意为“不可能”。 【温馨提示】would表示过去的习惯时仅指动作,而且不与现在作对比;used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态,而且与现在作对比,说明现在这种动作或状态已经不存在。 4.shall,should,ought to
5.must,have to 【温馨提示】 (1)在回答must 的问句时,否定回答通常用 needn ’t 或don ’t have to 。(2) mustn ’t 表示“禁止;不许”;而don ’t have to 表示“不必”。(3) must 只有一种形式,而have to 有人称、时态的变化。 7.dare 的用法 【温馨提示】 (1)dare 用作情态动词有dare,dared 两种形式。 (2)dare 用作实义动词,后接不定式,不定式符号to 可省去,但dare 以动词-ing 形式出现时,不定式符号to 不能省略。 要点二 “情态动词+have done ”的用法 1.must have done 表示对过去已发生的事情进行肯定的推断,只用于肯定句中,意为“一定,必定”,其否定形式为:can ’t/cannot have done 。 It must have rained last night,for the road was quite wet. 昨晚肯定下雨了,因为路面十分潮湿。 I saw Mr Wang just now.He can ’t have gone abroad. 刚刚我还看见王先生了,他不可能已经出国了。 2.could have done 意为“本来可以……,本来能够……”,表示虚拟语气。 You could have made greater progress,but you didn ’t try your best. 你本来可以取得更大的进步,但是你没有努力。 3.may/might have done 表示对过去已发生的事情进行推断,意为“可能/或许已经……”。其否定形式为: may/might not have done 意为“可能没有做……”。 It ’s no use going to his house.He may not have gone home.He may have gone somewhere else. 去他家没用。 他可能没有回家,可能已经去了别的地方。 4.should/ought to have done 表示本应该做某事,却没有做,含有责备或后悔之意。其否定形式为should not/ought not to have done 表示“本不该做某事却做了”。
虚拟语气 动词语气是用来表明说话人的看法和态度的。英语中 的语气有三种： ⒈ 陈述语气： 表示说话人认为他所表述的是事实，可用于陈述句、疑问句和感叹句，可以是肯定的、 也可以是否定的。 如：If he comes here, I shall tell him. 如果他来这里，我会告诉他。（他很可能来） ⒉ 祈使语气： 表示对说话对方的要求、命令、请求、警告等，用于祈使句中。 如：Lock up the door. 把门锁上。（表达命令） ⒊ 虚拟语气： 表示所说的话是不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相 反的假设。 如：I wish he could come. 我希望他能来。（表达愿望） He suggested that we ( should ) come another day. 他建议我们改天来。（表建议） 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用： 英语中if 从句有两种：一种是以陈述语气叙述的叫做真实条件句，说明所提出的假想是可以实现的；另一种是以虚拟语气叙述的，叫非真实条件句，说明所提出的假想实现的可能性极小或与事实相反。这种虚拟语气一般因所指的时间的不同而分三种情况： ⒈表示与现在事实相反： If + 从句主语+ 动词的过去式……，主语+should/ would/ could/ might + 动词原形…… （be 一般用were） 如：①If I were you, I would go by plane. 如果我是你，我将坐飞机去。（In fact I am not you. ） ②If he were here, he would decide what to do. 如果他在这里，他会决定做什么。（In fact he isn’t here.） ③If I had the letter at hand, I would read it. 如果我手头有这封信的话，我会读它的。（In fact I don’t have the letter at hand.） ④If she knew about it now, she would come. 如果她现在知道这件事的话，她会来的。（In fact she doesn’t know about it.） ⑤If he had time, he would go with you. 如果他有时间，他会同你一起去的。（In fact he is very busy, so he can’t go with you.） ⒉表示与过去事实相反： If + 从句主语+ had + 过去分词……，主语+should/ would/ could/ might +have +过去分