动名词做主语和宾语的用法及练习(2014-05-23 16:24:50)
1．动名词（动名词具有动词和名词的特征，在句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语）
动名词
主动语态
被动语态
与谓语动词的关系
一般式
Doing
Being done
与谓语动作同时发生
完成式
Having doing
Having been done
动作发生在谓语动作之前
作主语
1. 谓语用单数。
Climbing mountains is really fun.
Swimming is my favorite sport.
Reading is an art.
Getting up early is a good habit.
例：1.-What do you think made Mary so upset？
-___ her new bicycle.
A. As she lost B．Lost
C．Losing D．Because of losing
2. 使用形式主语it，而将动名词放在句尾。
It’s no use doing …
It’s no good doing…
It’s a waste of time doing …
例：It’s no good______ (wait) here.
It’s no use ______(argue) with her.
It’s no good _______(smoke), you’d better give it up.
It’s a waste of time _______(wait) here.
No smoking ( =No smoking is allowed (here) ).
作宾语
I enjoy listening to music.
He often practices playing the piano in the evening.
He has given up smoking.
Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please? 他不喜欢喝酒。
他充分利用时间练习唱歌。
我提议坐我的车去。
你介意我开窗吗？
(1) 只能接动名词作宾语的动词：
admit，
advise建议，
risk，appreciate，
envy嫉妒，
avoid避免，consider考虑，delay延迟，
deny否认，
dislike不喜欢，enjoy，
escape逃避，excuse原谅、宽恕，finish完成，forgive原谅，understand理解，give up放弃，imagine想象，keep保持，
mind介意、在乎，miss未达到，practice训练，
put off推迟，
resist抵抗，
suggest建议、暗示，
can’t help 禁不住，
can’t stand无法忍受，
devote to致力于···，
look forward to 期望、盼望，
stick to坚持，
be used to习惯于，
object to反对，
be busy忙于···，
feel like想要···，
be surprised at 对……感到惊讶，
be proud of 以……为骄傲，
succeed in 在某方面成功，
be afraid of害怕
give up 放弃
例: Our monitor suggested _____a discussion of this subject. (85’)
A．to have B．should have
C．have D．Having
(2) 只能接不定式作宾语的动词：
happen 碰巧，
offer 主动提出，
promise 答应，
agree 同意，
refuse拒绝，
decide 决定，
determine 决定、决心，
pretend 假装，
fail 未能够，
learn，
wish希望，
hope，
expect，
afford 负担得起。
(3) 接动名词、不定式均可，意义相同的动词：like，love，dislike，hate，begin，star，continue，prefer，can’t bear/endure 无法忍受，cease停止。
注1：v-ing形式表示经常性、概括性的动作，不定式表示具体的、特定的某一次动作。如：She likes singing, but she doesn’t like to sing today．
注2：在begin, start, continue后跟v-ing形式和不定式作宾语没有区别，但start，begin本身为进行式或后接realize, wonder, understand等心理活动的词时，常用不定式作宾语。如：
I began to realize that I was wrong．
(4) 下列单词接动名词和不定式均可，但意义不同的动词：forget，go on，mean，regret，remember，stop，try等
Stop to do 停下来去做stop doing 停止做
Forget to do 忘记要做forget doing 忘记做过
Remember to do 记得要做remember doing 记得做过
Regret to do 遗憾要做regret doing 后悔做过
Try to do 企图做，尽力做try doing 试着做
Go on to do 继续做（另一件事）go on doing 继续做（同一件事）
Mean to do 打算做mean doing 意味做
例：
1. In some parts of London, missing a bus means _______ for another hour.
A waiting
B to waiting
C wait
D to be waiting
2.—You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.
-Well，now I regret ___that.
A．to do B．to be doing
C．to have done D．having done
(5) need, require, want作“需要”讲，其后用动名词的主动式表示被动意义，be worth 也有类似用法。如：
The flowers need watering/to be watered.
The problem is worth discussing/to be discussed.
(6) permit, allow, forbid, require(要求)doing sth./ sb to do sth.跟人作宾语后，必须用不定式作补语。例如：
This room won’t allow smoking.在这间屋里不准吸烟。
We do not allow anybody to smoke here.这里不许吸烟。
例：
—What do you think of the book？
-Oh，excellent．It\'s worth ___a second time．
A．to read B．to be read C．reading D．being read
动名词的时态和语态
动名词有一般式和完成式。
它的一般式所表示的动作或是与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生，或是在句中谓语动词动作之后发生；
而它的完成式所表示的动作则一般发生在句中谓语动词动作之前。
例1：While shopping，people sometimes can't help ____ into buying something they don\'t really need．
A．to persuade B．persuading C．being persuaded D．be persuaded
例2:Tony was very unhappy for ____ to the party．（2000上海）
A．having not been invited B．not having invited
C．having not invited D．not having been invited
动名词的复合结构
动名词的复合结构在句中作宾语时，名词可用普通格代替所有格，代词可用宾格形式代替形容词性物主代词。eg.
I don’t like you/ your/ Tom / Tom’s being late.但是动名词作主语时，只能用your / Tom’s being late形式。
例:What worried the child most was ____ to visit his mother in the hospital．
A．his not allowing
B．his not being allowed
C．his being not allowed
D．having not been allowed
选择最佳选项：
1．＿＿＿＿is a good form of exercise for young and old．
A．The walk B．Walking C．To walk D．Walk
2．—You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting．
—Well, now I regret ＿＿＿＿that．
A．to do B．to be doing C．have done D．having done
3．I don’t regret ＿＿＿＿＿even if it might have upset her．
A．to tell her what I thought B．to have told her that I thought C．telling what I thought D．telling her what I thought
4．The library needs ＿＿, but it will have to wait until Sunday．
A．cleaning B．to clean C．clean D．being cleaned
5．I can hardly imagine Peter ＿across the Atlantic Ocean in five days．
A．sail B．to sail C．sailing D．to have sailed
6．—I must apologize for ＿＿＿＿＿ahead of time．
—That’s all right．
A．letting you not know B．not letting you know
C．letting you know not D．letting not you know
7．—What do you think of the novel﹖—Oh, it’s really ＿＿＿＿＿．
A．well worth reading B．very good to read
C．worthy reading D．worth to be read
8．What’s troubling them is ＿＿＿＿＿enough experienced workers．
A．that they having no B．they not have
C．their not having D．not their having
9．She likes ＿＿＿＿but she doesn’t like ＿＿＿＿this afternoon．She’d like ＿＿＿＿＿some other day．
A．swimming；swimming；to swim B．to swim；swimming；to swim C．swim；to swim；swimming D．swimming；to swim；to swim
10．She didn’t remember ＿＿＿＿him before．
A．having met B．have met C．to meet D．to having met 11．I would appreciate ＿＿＿＿back this afternoon．
A．you to call B．you call C．your calling D．you’re calling 12．How about the two of us ＿＿＿＿a walk down the garden﹖
A．to take B．take C．taking D．to be taking
13．—Let me tell you something about the journalists．
—Don’t you remember ＿me the story yesterday﹖
A．told B．telling C．to tell D．to have told
14．The pupil asked the teacher how much time he spent ＿＿＿＿violin every day．
A．to practise to play the B．practising playing the
C．to practise to play D．practising to play
15．It’s no use ＿＿＿＿＿forward to ＿＿＿＿from her soon．
A．to look; to hear B．looking; hearing C．looking; hear D．look; hear
1-5 BDDAC6-10 BACDA11- 15 CCBBB
非谓语动词做宾语讲义及练习 一.动名词做宾语的口诀 : 即:主语+动词+v.ing 考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想 避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏 禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡 难以忍受始反对，想要成功坚持忙 习惯放弃有困难，导致专心防道歉。 第一句包含的动词有：consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon, 第二节包含的动词有：admit, delay/put off, fancy（想像，想要）, 第三句包含的动词有：avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice, 第四句句包含的动词有：deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate 第五句包含的动词有：forbid, imagine, risk 第六句包含的动词有：can't help, mind, allow/permit, escape. 第七句包含的动词有：stand，set about，object to, 第八句包含动词有：feel like，succeed in，stick to，insist on，be busy (in) 第九句包含的动词有：be used/accustomed to，give up, have difficulty/trouble(in), 第十句包含的动词有：lead to（导致）, devote to , prevent…… from……，apologize for, 此外，have a good/wonderful/hard time (in), spend time (in), thank you for, pay attention to, aim at, accuse…of… 控告；谴责，get down to 二、通常只能接不定式作宾语的动词即：动词+to do 同意提出做计划，要求答应来帮忙。 准备决定遭拒绝，敢于选择有希望。 不能做到莫假装，设法做成决心坚。
动名词做主语和宾语 The -ing form as the Subject and Object I 自主学习 Lead-in 语法导入 动词的-ing 形式可分为动名词和现在分词两类。作为动名词，它有名词的基本性质，因此动名词可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语，宾语补足语和定语。本单元学习动名词做主语和宾语。 1.动名词做主语（动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。此时，谓语动词用单数形式） 动名词做主语有三种形式： ①动名词在句首直接做主语 ②It 在句首做形式主语，而动名词短语在后面做真正的逻辑上的主语 ③% ④There be + no + 动名词 1）形式一动名词在句首直接做主语。 (sing) is his hobby.唱歌是他的爱好。 (play) computer games is a wate of time.玩电子游戏是浪费时间。 (drive) fast is dangerous.驾驶超速很危险。 【归纳总结】动名词做主语，谓语动词用单数 It 在句首做形式主语，而动名词在后面做真正的逻辑上的主语。 It is no use _______(wait ) here．在这儿等是没用 it is worth/worthwhile_______(see) the movie. 用下划线画出下面句子的形式主语和真正的主语 " ①It was a waste of time reading that book. ②It is dangerous standing in the middle of the street. Is it worthwhile quarrelling with her 3）There be + no + 动名词。 There was no knowing what he could do. There is no (joke) about such matters.. 动名词做宾语的六种情形： 作及物动词宾语 it 作形式宾语，代替动名词作 作动词词组的宾语 / 介词的宾语
动名词作宾语 有些动词须用动名词来作宾语,它们是begin, mind, suggest, finish, stop, need, enjoy, miss, keep. 动词后加动名词doing作宾语 V. + doing sth admit 承认appreciate 感激,赞赏avoid 避免 complete 完成 consider 认为 delay 耽误 deny 否 认 detest 讨厌 endure 忍受enjoy 喜欢escape 逃脱 prevent阻止 fancy 想象finish 完成 imagine 想象mind介 意 miss 想念 postpone 推迟 practise 训练recall 回忆 resent 讨厌resist 抵抗 resume 继 续 risk 冒险 suggest 建议face 面对 include 包括stand 忍受understand 理解 forgive 宽恕 keep 继续 举例： (1)Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please? (2)The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught. b. 词组后接doing admit to prefer…to be used to lead to devote oneself to object to stick to busy look forward to(to为介词） no good,no use,It's worth…, as well as, can't help,It's no use /good be tired of be fond of be capable of be afraid of be proud of think of / about hold off put off keep on insist on count on / upon set about be successful in good at take up give up burst out prevent … from… Please stop smoking in the house. 请不要在家里抽烟。
动名词作宾语 把要求动名词作宾语的常用动词编成一句话，每个字母代表一个动词，这样记起来，就容易多了。这句话是： Keep March Gifts．（保留三月礼物。） 这样就记住了如下动词：k——keep，ee——enjoy，ex－cuse，p——practise，m——mind，a——avoid，r——risk，c——consider，h——can’t help，g——give up，i——imagine，f——finish，t——think of，s——suggest）英语中，有些动词后只能跟动名词而不能跟不定式作宾语。目前，在高中阶段所必须掌握的不外乎以下这些词，可以通过一个“顺口溜”去记： 懂得欣赏克制想象①， 喜欢实践逃避抵抗②， 介意打扰讨厌原谅③， 支持建议推迟考虑④， 情不自禁地错盼，完成？冒险⑤！ 注： ①“懂得欣赏克制想象” “懂得”即understand，“欣赏”即appreciate（此词还可作“感激”之意解），“克制”即deny（此词也可作“否认”、“拒绝”之意），“想象”即imagine。
②“喜欢实践逃避抵抗” “喜欢”即enjoy，“实践”即practise，“逃避”即avoid避免，躲开，es－cape逃避，“抵抗”即resist。 ③“介意打扰讨厌原谅” “介意”即mind，“打扰”即excuse，“讨厌”即dislike，“原谅”即pardon。 ④“支持建议推迟考虑” “支持”即favour（此词也可作“赞成”、“宠爱”讲），“建议”即sug －gest，“推迟”即delay，“考虑”即consider。 ⑤“情不自禁地错盼，完成？冒险！” “情不自禁地”即can’t help，“错盼”即“错过”和“盼望”，即miss 和look forward to，“完成”即finish，“冒险”即risk。 例句： 1）I suggest making a change in the plan． 2）I dislike drinking． 3）Three officers narrowly escaped being killed in the battlefield． 4）—“How do you like your apartment（公寓）？ —Not very well．We’ve been considering now renewing our lease（租约）．
动名词做主语、宾语精讲精练 一、动名词做主语的用法 动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，在口语中也可以表示具体的动作。如：Painting is his hobby．绘画是他的爱好。 Talking mends no holes．空谈无济于事。 动名词做主语和不定式做主语一样，也可以用it作形式主语。如： It is no use talking without doing．光说不做没有用。 不定式做主语往往表示具体的特别是将来的动作。如： It's so hot．What I want to do now is to have a swim in a river．天这么热，现在我想做的事是在河里游泳。 【考例】 —What do you think made Mary so upset？ — __________ her new bicycle．（1997上海高考题） A．As she lost B．Lost C．Losing D．Because of losing 该题正确选项为C，losing her new bicycle是句子的主语，谓语made her so upset被省略，losing．．．在此表示具体的动作。 二、动名词作宾语的用法 1．有些动词或短语动词后常用动名词作宾语。如admit，appreciate，avoid，can't stand（不能忍受），consider，delay，devote．．．to，dislike enjoy，escape，excuse，feel like，finish，forgive，get down to，give up，imagine，insist on，keep（on），look forward to，mention，mind，miss（错过），pay attention to，practice，put off，stick to，suggest等等。 【考例】 I can't imagine __________ that with them．（MET 1986） A．do B．to do C．being done D．doing 该题正确选项为D 2．在allow，advise，forbid，permit后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allo w／advise／forbid／permit ＋名词／代词＋不定式（宾语补足语）”之形式如：We don't allow smoking here． We don't allow anybody to smoke here． 3．动词need，require，want意为“需要”时，后跟动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式作宾语，意义没有区别。如： The window needs／requires／wants cleaning／to be cleaned． 4．在begin，continue，love，like，hate，prefer，intend，start后用动名词和用不定式作宾语均可，意义没有多大区别。 5．动词forget，go on ，mean ，regret， remember，stop，try，be used to，can't help后跟动名词和跟不定式区别较大，须注意。forget，regret，remember后跟动名词，动名词表示已经发生的动作；后跟不定式表示将要发生的动作。 go on后跟动名词表示“继续做原来做的事”；后跟不定式表示“接着做另一件事”。 mean后跟动名词表示“意味着要做某事”；后跟不定式表示“想要做某事”。 stop后跟动名词表示“停止做某事”；后跟不定式表示“停下来（别的事）开始做某事”。
动名词作句子的主语或者宾语 一. 动词-ing形式的构成：是在动词末尾加-ing 形式构成，因此又叫动词的-ing 形式。如：do-doing, be-being, ask-asking, etc. 否定形式：not+ -ing 构成 二. 动词-ing形式不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，但可以有自己的宾语和状语，还有时态和语态的变化。 动名词：在句子中起名次作用，可作主，宾，表，定的成分。 1 The v–ing form used as subject: It is necessary to get water from wet to dry place.________________________________ It cost nothing to wish for thing._________________________________________________ 2 .The v–ing form used as object 1) v+object He likes helping others. 只接v-ing作宾语的动词有： admit, allow, avoid, appreciate, consider, delay, escape, enjoy, finish, keep, imagine, mind, miss, practice, suggest He suggested practising speaking English in and out of class. 2) prep.+ object. 只接v-ing作宾语的词组有 give up, put off, insist on, look forward to, pay attention to, lead to, devote... to, make a contribution to, feel like, stick to He has devoted his life to finding ways to grow more and more rice. 三. 1.动名词和不定式作主语，一般都可以使用形式主语it，而将动名词或不定式放在句尾。但是在下列句型中，一般宜用动名词： It’s no use doing … It’s no good doing… It’s a waste of time doing … 例如：It’s no use going there today; he won’t be at home. It’s a waste of time arguing about it. 而在It’s important/necessary/advisable/ essential/fitting … 这类句型中，只能用不定式，如：It’s important to learn foreign languages. 2. 在allow, advise, forbid, permit后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“ allow／advise／forbid／permit ＋名词／代词＋不定式（宾语补足语）”之形式。如： We don't allow smoking here． We don't allow anybody to smoke here． 3. 动词need, require, want意为“需要”时，后跟动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式作宾语，意义没有区别。如： The window needs／requires／wants cleaning／to be cleaned． 4. 在begin, continue, love, like, hate, prefer, intend, start 后用动名词和用不定式作宾语均可，意义没有多大区别。 5. 动词forget, go on, mean, regret, remember, stop, try, be used to, can't help后跟动名词和跟不定式区别较大，须注意: forget, regret, remember后跟动名词，动名词表示已经发生的动作；后跟不定式表示将要发生的动作。try doing 试着做某事try to do 努力做某事 be used to doing 习惯于做某事be used to do 被用来做某事
动名词作宾语口诀Prepared on 21 November 2021
动名词作宾语经典口诀 考虑建议盼原谅 承认推迟没得想 避免错过继续练 否认完成就欣赏 禁止想象才冒险 不禁介意准逃亡 难以忍受始反对 想要成功坚持忙 习惯放弃有困难 导致专心防道歉 解析：第一句包含的动词有： consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse/pardon, 第二节包含的动词有：admit,delay/putoff,fancy, 第三句包含的动词有：avoid,miss,keep/keepon,practice, 第四句句包含的动词有：deny,finish,enjoy/appreciate, 第五句包含的动词有：forbid,imagine,risk 第六句包含的动词有：can'thelp,mind,allow/permit,escape. 第七句包含的动词有：can'tstand(难以忍受），setabout开始，着手，objectto, 第八句包含动词有：feellike（想要），succeedin(成功)，stickto(坚持)，insiston（坚持，强调，坚决要求），bebusy(in)（忙于做某事） 第九句包含的动词有：beused/accustomedto(习惯于……)，giveup（放 弃）,havedifficulty/trouble(in),（做某事有困难） 第十句包含的动词有：leadto（导致）,devoteto（将…奉献给；把…专用 于）,prevent……from……（预防，防止），apologizefor（为……道歉）,, 此外， haveagood/wonderful/hardtime(in),spendtime(in),thankyoufor,payattentionto,a imat目的在于，旨在；瞄准；企图,accuse…of…控告；谴责，getdownto（着手某
动名词的用法 . 动名词做主语的用法 动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作 , 在口语中也可以表示具体的动 作。如: Seeing is believing. Helping her is my duty. Talking mends no holes. 空谈无济于事。 动名词做主语和不定式做主语一样，也可以用 it 作形式主语。如 : It's rather tiring walking around in a city. 不定式做主语往往表示具体的特别是将来的动作。如 It's no use crying over spilt milk. He realized that to go on like this was wrong. （ . 动名词作宾语的用法 escape, excuse, feel like, finish, forgive, get down to, give up, imagine. insist on, keep （on ）, look forward to, mention, mind, miss （ 错过）, pay attention to, practice, put off, stick to, suggest 等。 Doing morning exercises is good for your health. 做早操对你的健康有好处。 Her shoes wants mending. Working with you is a pleasure. 和你一起工作是一种乐趣。 覆水难收。 指具体动作 ) 1( 有些动词或短语动词后常用动名词作宾语。如 admit, appreciate, avoid can't stand （ 不能忍受 ）, consider ，delay, devote …to, dislike enjo y ，
动名词作宾语口诀集团标准化小组：[VVOPPT-JOPP28-JPPTL98-LOPPNN]
动名词作宾语经典口诀 考虑建议盼原谅 承认推迟没得想 避免错过继续练 否认完成就欣赏 禁止想象才冒险 不禁介意准逃亡 难以忍受始反对 想要成功坚持忙 习惯放弃有困难 导致专心防道歉 解析：第一句包含的动词有： consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon, 第二节包含的动词有： admit, delay/put off, fancy, 第三句包含的动词有： avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice, 第四句句包含的动词有： deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate, 第五句包含的动词有： forbid, imagine, risk 第六句包含的动词有： can't help, mind, allow/permit, escape. 第七句包含的动词有： can't stand( 难以忍受）， set about 开始，着手， object to, 第八句包含动词有： feel like （想要）， succeed in ( 成功 ) ， stick to( 坚持 ) ， insist on （坚持，强调，坚决要求）， be busy (in) （忙于做某事） 第九句包含的动词有： be used/accustomed to( 习惯于…… ) ， give up （放弃） , have difficulty/trouble (in), （做某事有困难） 第十句包含的动词有： lead to （导致） , devote to （将…奉献给；把…专用于） , prevent …… from ……（预防，防止）， apologize for （为……道歉） , ,
必修4 Unit 2 Working the land 编制：李小艳审定：高一英语备课 Period 5动名词做主语和宾语 每日赠言：He who does not rise early never does a good day’s work. 学习目标：Students are able to understand the usage of doing as subject and object. 预习案： 1) The parents suggested ____ in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip. A. sleep B. to sleep C. sleeping D. having slept 2)How I regret ___ so much time in the net bar! I should have studied harder. A. to waste B. wasting C. wasted D. being wasted 3) We should often practise ___ English with each other. A. to speak B. spoke C. speak D. speaking 4)Keep on ____ and you will succeed. A. a try B. try C. triing D. Trying 5)His parents insist on ___ to college. A. he should go B. he go C. his going D. him to go 探究案： 动词的 -ing 形式可分为动名词和现在分词两类。作为动名词，它有名词的基本性质，因此动名词可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语，宾语补足语和定语。本单元学习动名词做主语和宾语。 1.动名词做主语（动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。此时，谓语动词用单数形式） 动名词做主语有三种形式： ①动名词在句首直接做主语② It 在句首做形式主语，而动名词短语在后面做真正的逻辑上的主语③There be + no + 动名词 1）形式一动名词在句首直接做主语。例如： Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language. (collect)stamps is his hobby. Wishing for things,however, costs nothing. 2）It 在句首做形式主语，而动名词在后面做真正的逻辑上的主语。例如 Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit. It is considered to be a good habit going to bed early and getting up early. 用下划线画出下面句子的形式主语和真正的主语 ①It was a waste of time reading that book. ②It is dangerous standing in the middle of the street. ③Is it worthwhile quarrelling with her?
动名词做主语和宾语的用法及练习 1.谓语用单数。 Climbing mountains is really fun. Swimming is my favorite sport. Reading is an art. Getting up early is a good habit. 例：1.-What do you think made Mary so upset？ -___ her new bicycle. A. As she lost B．Lost C．Losing D．Because of losing 2. 使用形式主语it，而将动名词放在句尾。 It’s no use doing … It’s no good doing… It’s a waste of time doing … 例：It’s no good______ (wait) here. It’s no use ______(argue) with her. It’s no good _______(smoke), you’d better give it up. It’s a waste of time _______(wait) here. No smoking ( =No smoking is allowed (here) ). 作宾语 习惯上接动名词作宾语的动词【附记忆口诀】 其后习惯上要跟动名词作宾语的常见动词有以下词汇：, admit, appreciate, avoid, burst out, consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, feel like, finish, forgive, give up, (can’t) help, imagine, keep (on), mind, miss, practise, prevent, put off, resist, risk, (can’t) stand, stop, suggest, unde rstand 等。如： 用法举例： He admitted having taken the money. 他承认拿了那笔钱。 It was impossible to avoid being affected. 要想不受影响是不可能的。 She burst out crying (laughing, singing). 她突然哭(笑，唱)起来。
动名词是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词。它可以支配宾语，也能被副词修饰。动名词有时态和语态的变化。 解释：动词的ing形式如果是名词，这个词称动名词。 特征：动词原形+ing构成，具有名词，动词一些特征 一、动名词的作用 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。 1、作主语 Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。 Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山是真有趣。 Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffer. 在这种工作条件下工作不是愉快而是痛苦。 动名词作主语，有时先用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常用。如： It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 洒掉的牛奶哭也没用。 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这样的人加入真是浪费时间。 It was hard getting on the crowded street car. 上这种拥挤的车真难。 It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 There is no joking about such matters. 对这种事情不是开玩笑。 动名词作主语的几种类型 动名词可以在句子中充当名词所能充当的多种句子成分。在这里仅就动名词在句子中作主语的情况进行讨论。 动名词作主语有如下几种常见情况： 1. 直接位于句首做主语。例如： Swimming is a good sport in summer. 2. 用it 作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。 动名词做主语时，不太常用it 作先行主语，多见于某些形容词及名词之后。例如： It is no use telling him not to worry. 常见的能用于这种结构的形容词还有：better，wonderful，enjoyable，interesti ng，foolish，difficult，useless，senseless，worthwhile，等。 注意：important，essential，necessary 等形容词不能用于上述结构。 3. 用于“There be”结构中。例如： There is no saying when he'll come.很难说他何时回来。 4. 用于布告形式的省略结构中。例如： No smoking ( =No smoking is allowed (here) ). （禁止吸烟） No parking. （禁止停车） 5. 动名词的复合结构作主语
动名词作主语和宾语 1. 注意：动名词的否定形式直接在它之前加not。 2.Detailed principles ①动名词做主语的用法(subject) 动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作,谓语动词用单数动词。如： __________(see) is believing. ____________(help) her is my duty. __________ (eat)too much is bad for your health. ______________(work)with you is a pleasure. 动名词做主语和不定式做主语一样，也可以用it作形式主语。如： ●It is useless trying to argue with Mark. ●It is no use talking with him. 归纳：常用-ing形式作主语的句型有： ●It be no use/useless doing 做……是没用的 ●_____________________________________________ ●_____________________________________________ ●_____________________________________________ ●…… eg：在这儿等没好处，我们走回家吧。 争辩此事是浪费时间。 要把一切按时准备好很困难。 ②动名词作宾语的用法(object) 1.有些动词或短语后常用动名词作宾语。如admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, suggest, allow, enjoy, escape, finish, imagine, practise, mind, miss, imagine等动词, insist on, keep on, give up, feel like, dream of, be/get used to, look forward to, devote…to, pay attention to等短语。 eg：你介意把门打开吗？(mind) 工作之余，袁隆平喜欢听小提琴曲。(enjoy) 那个姑娘每晚练习拉小提琴。(practise) 这些天他在考虑换工作。(consider) 他承认犯了一个严重错误。(admit) 今晚我想去看电影。（feel like） 人们不断来医院看望他。(keep on) 2.在allow, advise, permit等动词后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果这些词后有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allow／advise／permit ＋名词／代词＋不定式（宾语补足语）”之形式。如：
动名词作宾语 They went on walking and never stopped talking、她们继续走,说个不停。 I found it pleasant walking along the seashore、在海滩上走真就是乐事。 考点1:介词+动名词作宾语。 放在类似于be afraid of, be/get used/accustomed to, think of, be fond of, feel like, give up, look forward to, pay attention to, have trouble/difficulties in , insist on , persist in, put off 等的词组后作宾语。 动名词前的介词有时可以省略,如:have difficulty (in) doing, have no trouble (in)doing, prevent/stop…(from)doing, there is no use(in)doing等。 承认放弃太冒险(admit, give up, risk) 介意想象莫推延(mind, imagine, delay, put off) 欣赏完成就是期望(appreciate, finish, look forward to) 建议允许勤练习(suggest, allow, practice) 不禁原谅要坚持(can’t help, excuse, insist on) 继续注意使成功(keep on, pay attention to, succeed in) 补充:be worth, give up, feel like, be busy doing sth, prevent/stop/ keep…from doing sth、 2)下列词接动名词与不定式均可,但意义不同的动词 Stop to do 停下来去做stop doing 停止做 Forget to do 忘记要做forget doing 忘记做过 Remember to do 记得要做remember doing 记得做过 Regret to do 遗憾要做regret doing 后悔做过 Try to do 企图做,尽力做try doing 试着做 Go on to do 继续做(另一件事) go on doing 继续做(同一件事) Mean to do 打算做mean doing 意味做 3)接动名词、不定式均可,意义相同的动词: like,love,dislike,hate,begin,start,continue,prefer 必背:常见的带介词to的短语 be used/accustomed to 习惯be equal to 胜任 be opposed to 反对devote oneself to 献身于 get down to 着手做give rise to 引起
名的用法 一 .名做主的用法 名做主往往表示常性、性的作,在口中也可以表示具体的 作。如 : Seeing is believing. Helping her is my duty. Talking mends no holes.空无于事。 Working with you is a pleasure.和你一起工作是一种趣。 名做主和不定式做主一，也可以用it作形式主。如: It's rather tiring walking around in a city. 不定式做主往往表示具体的特是将来的作。如: It's no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水收。 He realized that to go on like this was wrong. ( 指具体作) 二 . 名作的用法 1( 有些或短后常用名作。如admit, appreciate, avoid ，can't stand(不能忍受), consider，delay, devote?to, dislike enjo y，escape, excuse, feel like, finish, forgive, get down to, give up, imagine. insist on, keep (on), look forward to, mention, mind, miss( ), pay attention to, practice, put off, stick to, suggest 等等。 Doing morning exercises is good for your health. 做早操你的健康有好。 Her shoes wants mending.
既可接不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词 一、后接不定式或动名词且含义相同的动词 这类动词常见的有：like 喜欢 / love 喜欢 / hate 憎恨 / prefer 宁可 / b egin 开始 / start 开始 / continue 继续/ can’t bear 不能忍受 / bother 麻烦 / intend 想要 / attempt 试图 / cease 停止，等。如： He likes travelling [to travel] alone. 他喜欢单独旅行。 He began doing [to do] this job last year. 他去年开始做这工作。 Don’t bother to get [getting]dinner for me. 请不必费事为我做饭了。 注意：当 like, love, hate, prefer 与 would, should 连用时，其后只能接不定式。如： I’d like to drop in and see you tonight. 我想今晚来看你。 另外，当 begin, start 本身为进行时态或后接 know, realize, understa nd 等静态动词时，其后的动词只能用不定式。如： He is beginning to work in that company. 他即将开始去那个公司工作。 After the talk with his English teacher, he began to like English. 跟英语老师谈话之后，他开始喜欢英语了。 二、forget, remember, regret 后接不定式或动名词含义不同 动词 forget, remember, regret 等接不定式时，表示非谓语动词的动作发生于谓语动词的动作之后；接动名词作宾语时，表示非谓语动词的动作发生于谓语动词的动作之前。如： I forgot to tell you about it. 我忘记告诉你那件事了。 I remembered giving the book to Li Lei, but he said I didn’t. 我记得我把书给李蕾了，但是他说我没有给。
动名词做主语和宾语的用法及练习(2014-05-23 16:24:50) 1．动名词（动名词具有动词和名词的特征，在句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语） 动名词 主动语态 被动语态 与谓语动词的关系 一般式 Doing Being done 与谓语动作同时发生 完成式 Having doing Having been done 动作发生在谓语动作之前 作主语 1. 谓语用单数。 Climbing mountains is really fun. Swimming is my favorite sport. Reading is an art. Getting up early is a good habit. 例：1.-What do you think made Mary so upset？ -___ her new bicycle. A. As she lost B．Lost C．Losing D．Because of losing 2. 使用形式主语it，而将动名词放在句尾。 It’s no use doing …
It’s no good doing… It’s a waste of time doing … 例：It’s no good______ (wait) here. It’s no use ______(argue) with her. It’s no good _______(smoke), you’d better give it up. It’s a waste of time _______(wait) here. No smoking ( =No smoking is allowed (here) ). 作宾语 I enjoy listening to music. He often practices playing the piano in the evening. He has given up smoking. Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please? 他不喜欢喝酒。 他充分利用时间练习唱歌。 我提议坐我的车去。 你介意我开窗吗？ (1) 只能接动名词作宾语的动词： admit，