about, on, with的区别
1.三者均可表示“随身带着”，有时可互换。如：
I have no money about (on, with) me. 我身边没带钱。
2.严格说来，这三个词是有区别的：
(1)about 一般指随身带的小物品。如：
Have you a ballpoint pen about you? 你身上带圆珠笔了吗？
(2)with 多指带较大的东西（也可指较小的东西）。如：
He took an umbrella with him. 他随身带了把伞。
(3)on 表示带在身上（如在口袋里）。如：
Have you any money on you? 你身上带着钱吗?
注：此例若用with 或about，则不一定放在身上，可能放在皮包里等。
3.用于引申义，表示某人或某物的特性或特征，通常用about。如：
There is something noble about him. 他有一种高贵的气质。
He always has his wits about him. 他一向不失机智。
We can see something beautiful about the old cottage. 从这座古老的小屋本身我们可以看到一些美的东西。
注：以上用法中的about 有时可与介词in 换用，前者侧重指外在表现，后者侧重指内在素质。
WITH/BY/IN的用法区别："The mountain is covered with/in/by snow". The meanings are so similar that the three can be used almost interchangeably, but some subtle nuances may apply. When referring to a substance(物体) that sticks to another, use in or with, but not by: ?The actress was covered in blood, or ?The actress was covered with blood, but not ?The actress was covered by blood. When referring something that physically protects something else, use with or by, but not in: ?The field(田地) was covered with a tarp(油布), or ?The field was covered by a tarp, but not ?The field was covered in a tarp. Use covered with to indicate an unusual amount of something on top of something else; use covered by to connote a covering so dense that the object being covered is completely obscured from view: ?The mountain was covered with fog. ?The mountain was covered by fog. Another example: ?Our grass(草坪) was covered with butterflies. ?Our grass was covered by butterflies. Somehow, the latter (covered by) paints a picture where the butterflies are so close together that I can hardly see the grass at all, but in the former (covered with), I picture a lot of butterflies, just not necessarily so many that I can't see the grass. When talking about metaphorical coverage, use covered by: ?The roof damage was covered by insurance(上保险), but not ?The roof damage was covered with insurance, or ?The roof damage was covered in insurance. Another example: ?The city council meeting was covered by the news station, but not ?The city council meeting was covered with the news station, or ?The city council meeting was covered in the news station.
in，on ，at，by ，of ，with 介词区别与用法 in用在年月季节前，还有上午、下午等固定习语里 at用于传统的节日前，如at Christmas等；还有固定词组：at noon, at night;在点时间前用at 如at 7.15 on 用于具体的日期前，星期几，几号，包括那天的上午下午晚上等，如on Friday afternoon with: 一、with表拥有某物 Mary married a man with a lot of money . 马莉嫁给了一个有着很多钱的男人。 I often dream of a big house with a nice garden . 我经常梦想有一个带花园的大房子。 The old man lived with a little dog on the lonely island . 这个老人和一条小狗住在荒岛上。 二、with表用某种工具或手段 I cut the apple with a sharp knife . 我用一把锋利的刀削平果。 Tom drew the picture with a pencil . 汤母用铅笔画画。 三、with表人与人之间的协同关系 make friends with sb talk with sb quarrel with sb struggle with sb fight with sb play with sb work with sb cooperate with sb I have been friends with Tom for ten years since we worked with each other , and I have never quarreled with him . 自从我们一起工作以来，我和汤母已经是十年的朋友了，但我们从没有吵过架。 四、with 表原因或理由 John was in bed with high fever . 约翰因发烧卧床。 He jumped up with joy . 他因高兴跳起来。 Father is often excited with wine . 父亲常因白酒变的兴奋。 五、with 表“带来”，或“带有,具有”，在…身上，在…身边之意 The girl with golden hair looks beautiful . 那个金头发的女孩看起来漂亮。 The famous director will come to the meeting with the leading actor and actress .
一、with （介词）的复合结构：一做状语，二做定语。 作状语： 1:with +名词/代词，表示随着....， Times change and we must change with them. 时代变了,我们也要跟着变。 The risk of developing heart disease increases with the number of cigarettes smoked. 吸食香烟的数量越多，患心脏病的风险就越大。 Blood pressure decreases with exercise. 血压随着锻炼而降低。 With all his abilities, he failed completely. 尽管很有能力,他还是一败涂地了。 2：with +名词/代词+非谓语动词（现在分词/过去分词/不定式）作伴随状语/原因状语 (1 )with + 名词/代词+V-ing（现在分词） With prices going up so fast, we can't afford luxuries. 由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。(原因状语) With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace. 在人群的欢呼声中，他们驱车来到皇宫。(伴随情况) 注：现在分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的主谓关系，也就是说动作由with 后的名词或代词发出，是主动者 (2)with + 名词/代词+V-ed（过去分词） I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling. 我在房间坐了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花板。(伴随情况) She had to walk home with her bike stolen. 自行车被偷，她只好步行回家。(原因状语) 注：过去分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的动宾关系，也就是说with后面的宾语是动作的承受者，是被动的 (3)with或without+名词/代词+ to do (动词不定式) With no one to talk to, John felt miserable.
do with 和deal with 用法辨析 Do with 与deal with 都可作“处置”讲。do with 常与连接代词what连用，而deal with 常与连接副词how连用，如： I don’t know how they deal with the problem.= I don’t know what they do with the problem. 我不知道他们如何处理这个问题。 上面两句，介词with的宾语都是the problem, 而deal是不及物动词，不带宾语，do是及物动词，其宾语是连接代词what. 再如： He is easy to deal with. = He is easy to do with. 他是容易相处的人。这是do和deal 都是不及物动词，to deal with 和to do with是反射式不定式，其逻辑上的宾语是句子的主语。这两个词组在使用时有细微的差别。一般地说，do with 表示“处置”、“忍受”、“相处”、“有关”等。 1.They found a way to do with the elephant. 他们找到对付那头大象的办法了。 2.We can’t do with such carelessness. 我们不能容忍这种粗枝大叶的作风。 3.We are difficult to do with the new comer. 我们很难与新来的那个人相处。 4.I have nothing to do with him. 我跟他无任何关系。 Deal with意义很广，常表示“对付”、“应付”、“处理”、“安排”、“论述”、“涉及”等。如： 1.They could properly deal with all kinds of situations. 他能恰当地应付各种局面。 2.Deal with a man as he deals with you. 以其人之道，还治其人之身。 3.This is a book dealing with Asian problems. 这是一本论述亚洲问题的书。 4.They have learned to deal with various persons. 他们学会了和各种人打交道。
with 结构 一：with结构的形式 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下： 1. with或without 名词/代词 例句：Yesterday I saw Mary with a gun. 2. with或without 名词/代词+ 形容词 例句：He is used to sleeping with the windows open. 3. with或without 名词/代词+ 副词 例句：She left the room with all the lights on. 4. with或without 名词/代词+ 介词短语 例句：He walked into the dark street with a stick in his hand. 5. with或without 名词/代词+ 动词不定式 例句：With so much work to do, I have no time for a holiday. 6. with或without 名词/代词+ Ving 例句：We found the house easily with the little boy leading the way.(现在分词表示主动动作，即分词所表示的动作是由with后的宾语发出来的) 7. with或without 名词/代词+ Ved With all the things bought, she went home happily.(过去分词表示被动，with后面的宾语与过去分词之间是被动关系) 8. with或without 名词/代词+ 补语 例句：Possibly this person died without anyone knowing where the coins were hidden. He wondered if he could slide out of the lecture hall without anyone noticing (him). 9. with或without 名词/代词+ 动词不定式和+ Ving/Ved的区别 加不定式是指将要进行的动作,加分词是指主动或被动动作. 10. with+名词/代词+名词 例句：He died with his daughter a schoolgirl. 他在他女儿是个小学生的时候死了 二：with复合结构的句法功能 1. with 复合结构，在句中表状态或说明背景情况该结构常做伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语。 例句：With machinery to do all the work, they will soon have got in the crops. 由于所有的工作都是由机器进行，他们将很快收完庄稼。（原因状语） The boy always sleeps with his head on the arm. 这个孩子总是头枕着胳膊睡觉。（伴随状语） The soldier had him stand with his back to his father. 士兵要他背对着他父亲站着。（方式状语）With spring coming on, trees turn green. 春天到了，树变绿了。（时间状语） 2. with复合结构可以作定语 Anyone with its eyes in his head can see it’s exactly like a rope. 任何一个头上长着眼睛的人都能看出它完全像一条绳子。
1.比较and和or 这个两个词最大的区别在于，or表示两者只取其一，and表示两者皆是。and 是“和”的意思表示事物之间的并列，而or是或者的意思表示事物间的选择，二选一，选择句容易出现在疑问句中，这种用法比较普遍。但是做题时还是要具体分析它的语义的。 如：LucPorLilPwillgothere.句意只是陈述一种事实并不是让你在两人中选一个人,所以用or。当疑问句中不是选择句式而是事物的并列关系就用and 1）并列结构中，or通常用于否定句，and用于肯定句。 2）但有时and也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点： Thereisnoairorwaterinthemoon. Thereisnoairandnowateronthemoon. 在否定中并列结构用or连接，但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结构，因此要用and。 典型例题 ---Idon'tlikechicken___fish. ---Idon'tlikechicken,___IlikefishverPmuch. A.and；and B.and；but C.or；but D.or；and 答案C。否定句中表并列用or,but表转折。 判断改错：（错）Wewilldiewithoutairandwater. （错）Wecan'tlivewithoutairorwater. （对）Wewilldiewithoutairorwater. （对）Wecan'tlivewithoutairandwater. 2.and和with有什么区别？
and表示并列，with表示随从。谓语动词选择也是这个道理。都做“和”解释时and是连词，连接的两个成分关系是平等的；with则是介词，所带的处于偏从地位，可理解为补充的部分，解题时要忽略它。比如说 1Jackandhisfather____are__climbingthehill. 2Jack,withhisfather____is__climbingthehill.
一、 with结构的构成 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二 部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下： 1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词； 2. with或without-名词/代词+副词； 3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语； 4. with或without-名词/代词 +动词不定式； 5. with或without-名词/代词 +分词。 下面分别举例： 1、 She came into the room，with her nose red.（with+名词+形容词，作伴随状语） 2、 With the meal over ， we all went home.（with+名词+副词，作时间状语） 3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。（with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。） The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand. 4、He lay in the dark empty house，without a man ，woman or child to say he was kind to me.（with+名词+不定式，作伴随状语） He could not finish it without me to help him.（without+代词 +不定式，作条件状语） 5、She fell asleep with the light burning.（with+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语） 6. Without anything left in the cupboard， she went out to get something to eat.（without+代词+过去分词，作为原因状语） 二、with结构的用法 在句子中with结构多数充当状语，表示行为方式，伴随情况、时间、原因或条件（详见上述例句）。 With结构在句中也可以作定语。例如： like eating the mooncakes with eggs. space the earth looks like a huge water-covered globe with a few patches of land sticking out above the water. little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the house. 三、 with结构的特点 1. with结构由介词with或without+复合结构构成。复合结构中第一部分与第二部分语法上是宾语和宾语补足语关系，而在逻辑上，却具有主谓关系，也就是说，可以用第一部分作主语，第二部分作谓语，构成一个句子。例如： With him taken care of，we felt quite relieved.（欣慰）→（He was taken good care of.） She fell asleep with the light burning. →（The light was burning.） With her hair gone，there could be no use for them. →（Her hair was gone.） 2. 在with结构中，第一部分为人称代词时，则该用宾格代词。例如： He could not finish it without me to help him. 四、几点说明： 1. with结构在句子中的位置： with 结构在句中作状语，表示时间、条件、原因时一般放在句子前面，并用逗号与句子分开；表示方式和伴随状况时一般放在句子后面，不用逗号分开。若with结构作定语，则放在所修饰的名词之后，一般不用逗号隔开。 2. with结构作状语时，不定式、现在分词、和过去分词的区别：在with结构中，不
with的用法大全----四级专项训练with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。 一、with结构的构成 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下： 1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词; 2. with或without-名词/代词+副词; 3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语; 4. with或without-名词/代词+动词不定式; 5. with或without-名词/代词+分词。 下面分别举例：
1、She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold.(with+名词+形容词，作伴随状语) 2、With the meal over ，we all went home.(with+名词+副词，作时间状语) 3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。(with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。) The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand. 4、He lay in the dark empty house，with not a man ，woman or child to say he was kind to me.(with+名词+不定式，作伴随状语) He could not finish it without me to help him.(without+代词+不定式，作条件状语) 5、She fell asleep with the light burning.(with+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语) 6、Without anything left in the cupboard，she went out to get something to eat.(without+代词+过去分词，作为原因状语) 二、with结构的用法 在句子中with结构多数充当状语，表示行为方式，伴随情况、时间、原因或条件(详见上述例句)。
with 的词性只有介词，而by 的词性可以是介词或副词，那么它们作为介词有什么区别？ 一、with 作为介词有很多中意思，例如： 1、和…在一起，和，同 Gabriel came with her elder sister to the inauguration ceremony. 加布里埃尔和她姐姐一起参加了就职典礼。 He entered the classroom with the good news. 他带着这个好消息走进教室。 2、有，具有，带有 She bought a white blouse with black stripes. 她买了一件黑色条纹的白衬衫。 He looked at her with a hurt expression. 他带着受伤害的神情看着她。 3、用，使用，以，借 Be careful with this knife when cutting onions. 切洋葱时小心这把刀。 Please fill this bowl with salt water before you leave. 离开前请把这碗水加满盐水。 4、与…对立，反对 He often has fights with his siblings. 他经常和他的兄弟姐妹吵架。 I had an argument with my boss. 我跟老板吵了一架。 5、表明手段、原因或行动 The angry neighbour hit the barking dog with a stick. 愤怒的邻居用棍子打那只吠叫的狗。 He blushed with excitement after seeing her. 他见到她后激动得脸红。 二、by 作为介词也有很多意思，例如：
介词of和on和with区别主要在于用法不同： ?of 的用法： 一、前面的名词是主语的情况 1、[表示所属关系](属于)...的eg:man of that time那个时代的人 2、[表示关于](关于)...的eg:a long story of adventure一个很长的冒险 故事 二、短语是主语的情况 1、[表示同位关系] eg:the city of Rome罗马市 2、[表示性质、内容、状况等] eg:a look of pity令人哀怜的神色 3、[表示在...方面] eg:be quick of eye眼快 三、后面的名词是主语的情况 1、[表示数量、种类] eg:three pieces of meat三块肉 2、[表示部分或全部] eg:five of us我们中五个人 3、[表示...中最突出的] eg:the hero of heroes最杰出的英雄 4、[表示由...组成、做成] eg:a table of wood木头桌子 5、[表示动作的主体] eg:It is clever of you to do so.你那样做真聪明. ?on的用法： 1、on指时间表示： 1）具体的时日和一个特定的时间，如某日、某节日、星期几等。 如： On Christmas Day（On May 4th）, there will be a celebration.
2）在某个特定的早晨、下午或晚上。 如： He arrived at 10 o’clock on the night of the 5th. 3）准时，按时。 如： If the train should be on time, I should reach home before dark. 2、on表示地点时： 一般指与面或线接触，意为“在……上；在……旁”。 如： The picture was hanging on the wall. New York is on the Hudson River. ?with的用法如下： 1、with表拥有某物 Mary married a man with a lot of money . 马莉嫁给了一个有着很多钱的男人。 I often dream of a big house with a nice garden . 我经常梦想有一个带花园的大房子。 2、with表用某种工具或手段 I cut the apple with a sharp knife . 我用一把锋利的刀削平果。
一、with结构的构成 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二 部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下： 1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词； 2. with或without-名词/代词+副词； 3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语； 4. with或without-名词/代词+动词不定式； 5. with或without-名词/代词+分词。 下面分别举例： 1、She came into the room，with her nose red.（with+名词+形容词，作伴随状语） 2、With the meal over ，we all went home.（with+名词+副词，作时间状语） 3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。（with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。）The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand. 4、He lay in the dark empty house，without a man ，woman or child to say he was kind to me.（with+名词+不定式，作伴随状语）He could not finish it without me to help him.（without+代词+不定式，作条件状语） 5、She fell asleep with the light burning.（with+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语） 6. Without anything left in the cupboard，she went out to get something to eat.（without+代词+过去分词，作为原因状语） 二、with结构的用法
with 的用法 with的用法（伴随一般被视为累赘） 1.独立主格，表示伴随，所以必须修饰主谓宾结构，而非主系表结构。 独立主格三种形式： 1)一般形式（独立部分与主句部分无太多关联）n.+n.，n.+V-ed/v-ing，n.+介词短语/形容词短语 2)with形式（与主句主语有紧密的逻辑关系）：with+宾语+宾补，如：with+n.+v-ed/v-ing/介词短语/形容词短语 3)each形式（必须前面有复数名词）：each+v-ed/v-ing，each+介词短语/形容词短语，each+n.+介词短语 *：with型独立主格在GMAT中常常被判累赘。 With引导独立主格结构有修饰歧义--放在中间可修饰前者也可修饰后者。 Eg. 关于夹心修饰(by aeoluseros)： 所以歧义修饰，是因为引发了不同的理解，而并不是语法上是否会有不同的修饰，所谓夹心修饰也是这个原则。很多人对“夹心修饰”都有过一个误解，认为S, v-ing, V. + O.结构中，v-ing既可以往前修饰S，也可以往后修饰V就是夹心，而实际上夹心并不是“可以往前修饰S，也可以往后修饰V” 。在S, v-ing, V. + O.这样的表达中，v-ing约定俗成只伴随修饰动词，见下例： prep 2-104 The yield per acre of coffee berries varies enormously, because a single tree, depending on its size and on climate and altitude, is able to produce enough berries to make between one and twelve pounds of dried beans a year. 这个句子里depending不能改为dependent，因为depending和dependent的区别在于，前者伴随修饰谓语动词is able to produce，后者则是修饰名词single tree，会造成逻辑上不对——“一棵树依靠它的size”。 with独立主格结构： 由“with ＋宾语＋宾补”构成的复合结构，在句中可作状语，表示伴随。这一结构中的宾语补足语可由现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词或介词短语等来充当：Visitors to the park have often looked into the leafy canopy and seen monkeys sleeping on the branches, with arms and legs hanging like socks on a clothesline. Q16: PP73. With no natural predators and expanses of green suburban neighborhoods that allow no hunting, wildlife officials estimate the New Jersey deer population to have grown to exceed 175,000 A.With no natural predators and expanses of green suburban neighborhoods that allow no hunting, wildlife officials estimate the New Jersey deer population to have
compare to与compare with的区别 ■compare...with...把……和……比较(常表示同类相比，比较) compare...to...把……比作……(常表示异类相比，比喻) ①Let's compare this article with that one. 让我们把这篇文章和那篇文章作一下比较。 ②The heart is often compared to a pump. 心脏常被比作水泵。 ■compare的过去分词短语形式用作状语时, 不管同类还是异类, compared with和compared to都可以用。例：Compared with/to western countries, China uses materials very carefully. 和西方相比,中国使用物资很节省。 ■compare ...with...有时相当于compare ...and... 当涉及考察两个相象的事物以辨别他们的相似或差别时，它取with： The police compared the forged signature with the original. 警察将伪造的签名与原来的作比较。
You should only compare like with like. 只应在同类事物中作比较。 You just can't compare Tom and Bryan. 你无法比较汤姆和布莱恩。 You just can't compare Hawaii and Alaska. 你压根儿没法把夏威夷同阿拉斯加相比。 This one cannot compare with that one. 这个与那个无比较。 Walking can't compare with flying. 走路比不上飞 ■当它涉及描述不同事物相似性的活动时，Compare 常用介词to ： He compared her to a summer day. 他将她比为夏天。 Scientists sometimes compare the human brain to a computer. 科学家有时将人脑比作电脑。
in+语言，如：in English. by与with的区别 一、表示使用有形的工具时，通常用with来表示。例如： 用钢笔写 write with a pen 用肉眼看 see with naked eyes 用锤子敲打 strike with a hammer 用秒表计量 measure with a stop watch 用空气冷却 cool with air 用毛巾擦 rub with towel 二、表示采用某种方式或手段时，用by表示。例如： 用无线电联系 reach by radio 用耳机收听 listen to by earphone 用手工制造 make by hand 用电话通知 give information by telephone 用信通知他 let him know by letter 注意：作“用”讲时，by和with的区别在于：with表示行为动作的工具，后面的名词一般要有冠词；by表示动作的手段，后面的名词一律不带冠词。 by通常表示抽象概念，所以by后通常不加a/an/the等冠词或不定冠词，如：by car,by hand(注意：也不要加s) 但with通常都表比较具体的概念要加冠词或不定冠词： 可以说with a XXXX 这里只是最基本的，详细的要查字典 through 主要是通过的意思 with 有“和”、“带”的意思
by 指乘车工具或通过某种方式 through by表“用交通工具”或表“发出某动作”； on/in表用某交通工具； with用具体的“工具、材料”或伴随“抽象事物”； in用原料或语言； through通过具体过程，途径，手段，中介。 I go to school by bus. I go to school on a bike. I write with a pen. Can you say it in English? I learned it through a friend. what is the price of the cabbage? what is your telephone number? what is the population of Chian?
with和 without的用法 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部 分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以 是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下： with或without-名词/代词+形容词 例句：1.I like to sleep with the windows open. 我喜欢把窗户开着睡觉。（伴随情况） 2. With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it'll rain presently. 大气这样闷，十之八九要下雨。（原因状语） with或without-名词/代词+副词 例句：1.She left the room with all the lights on.她离开了房间，灯还亮着。（伴随情况） 2. The boy stood there with his head down. 这个男孩低头站在那儿。（伴随情况） with或without-名词/代词+介词短语 例句：1.He walked into the dark street with a stick in his hand. 2. With the children at school, we can't take our vacation when we want to. 由于孩子们在上学，所以当我们想度假时而不能去度假。（原因状语） with或without-名词/代词 +动词不定式 此时，不定式表示将发生的动作。 例句: 1.With no one to talk to, John felt miserable. 由于没人可以说话的人，约翰感到很悲哀。（原因状语） 2. With a lot of work to do, he wasn't allowed to go out. 因为还有很多工作要做，他没有被允许外出。（原因状语） ]with + 名词 (或代词) + 现在分词 此时，现在分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的主谓关系。
be famous for，be famous as 这一对短语都表示“以……而出(著名)”，但含义与用法有区别。 (1)当主语是表示人的名词时，be famous for表示“以某种知识、技能、作品或特征而出名”，而be famous as则表示“以某种身份而出名”。 He is famous for his great inventions. 因为他的伟大发明，他出名了。 He is famous as a great inventor. 他是出了名的伟大的发明家。 (2)当主语是表示地点的名词时，be famous for表示“以某种特点(产品)而出名”，be famous as表示“以什么样的产地/地方而出名”。 France is famous for his fine food and wine. 法国的美食和酒是出了名的。 The town is famous as a wine-producing place. 这个镇是一个出名的产酒镇。(3)当主语是事物名词时，be famous for表示“以其内容、特征、价值等而被人所知”，be famous as表示“以某种形式出名”。 This grammar book is famous for its practical usage. 这本语法书以其实用性而被人所知。 This book is famous as a conference book. 这本书是出名的参考书。 be famous to sb.“广为人知，大家都熟悉的” Chairman Mao is famous to every Chinese. 毛主席的名字广为人知(中国人都知道毛主席)。 be famous with或be famous for 一样，都是因...而出名。譬如说，这个老人因他的大胡子而出名。This old man is famous with/for his beard. be famous as和be famous for的区别和用法 我们先通过一下这个例句来看一下be famous as的用法This area is famous as a green tea producing place. 这个地区作为绿茶产地而著名。 在这个例句中形容词短语“be famous as”表示“以……而出名”的意思，或确切地说，是“作为……而出名“的意思，主要是表示人“以某种身份或职业而出名”，或表示某地方“作为什么产地或地方而出名”，或表示某事物“以某种形式而出名”。如： Mark Twin was famous as a children-story writer. 马克·吐温作为儿童故事作家而著称。 This book is famous as a reference book. 这本书作为参考书而出名。 注意：（1）不要与“be famous for”混淆。词组“be famous for”表示人“以某种知识技能，作品或特征而出名”，表示某地“以某种特产或特征出名”，或表示某事“以其内容、特征、价值等而被人所知”。如：He is famous for his skill in playing football. （他因球艺而出名。）The area is famous for its green tea. (这个地区以产绿茶而著称。) （2）infamous不是famous的反义词。infamous的意思是“无耻的”、“臭名昭著的”，如：The dictator’s infamous deeds shocked the whole nation.（那个独裁者的无耻行径震惊了整个国家。）