中考英语语法专题详解十五
专题十五状语从句
考点聚焦
状语从句的定义用来修饰动词和形容词，以表明动作发生或状态存在的时间，地点，原因等等的句子叫做状语从句。
状语从句的分类
一、时间状语从句
时间状语从句表示时间，引导词有：when, while, as, till, until before, after, since等。
时间状语从句的引导词所表示的意思不尽相同，要注意把握不同引导词所表示的不同时间关系，以及它在具体句子中对应的时态、语态等问题。
注意：as(在……时候，因为)，since(自从，因为)，它们可以引导时间从句，并强调主句和从句的动作同事发生。并且while有时还可以表示对比。例如：
(1)While my mother was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.(read是延续性的动词，read和watch同事发生)
I like playing football while you like playing basketball.我喜欢踢足球，而你喜欢打篮球。(对比)
(2)when(当……的时候)，引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬间动词。从句动作可与主语动作同事发生，也可在其后发生。
I was reading a book when she came into my room.(come是瞬间动词，只能用when引导，不能用while)
I often missed my home when(while) I lived in NewYork.(live是延续性动词，when可用while代替)
(3)when和while的区别还在于：while引导的时间状语从句多用于进行时态，而when 引导的时间状语从句多用于一般时态。
While they were talking, the bell rang.正在他们谈话的时候，上课铃响了。
(4)as译作“一边……一边”、“随着……”，侧重主句和从句的动作同时发生。有时可与when，while通用。
We always sing as we walk.我们总是边走边唱。(as表示“一边……一边”)
As you grow, you will know more and more。随着年龄的增长，你会懂得越来越多。
2.till或until引导的时间状语从句
till，until(直到……才)：一般情况下两者可以互换，但是在强调句型中多用until。till 不可以在句首，而until可以放在句首。
注意：如果主句中的的谓语动词是瞬间动词时，必须用否定形式;如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。例如：
I didn’t go to bed until(till) my father came back.直到我父亲回来我才上床睡觉。(go to bed 是瞬间动词，主句用否定形式)
I talked until he came back.我工作到他回来为止
I didn't work until he came back.他回来我这才开始工作
Please wait until I arrived.在我到达之前等我。
3.since引导的时间状语从句
Since(自从)：引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，也可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动作用现在完成时。但在It is+时间+since从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。例如：
I have been in Beijing since you left. 自从你离开以来，我一直在北京。
Where have you been since I last saw you? 自上次我和你见面以后，你到哪里去了?
It is five months since our boss was in Beijing. 我们老板离开北京有五个月了。
4.由before和after引导的时间状语从句
注意：(1)before(在……之前)：引导的从句不再用否定的谓语。
(2)当主句用将来时，从句总是用现在时;如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时。则主句动词多用过去完成时，这样以便体现动作发生的先后。
(3)after(在……之后)：表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。如果主句用的是过去时，则从句多用过去完成时。例如：
It will be four days before they come back. 他们要过四天才能回来
My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived. 我父亲恰好在信到之前去加拿大了。
After we had finished the work, we went home. 完成工作之后，我们回家了(从句用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时)
5.由as soon as ,immediately, directly ,instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute,等引导的时间状语从句：这些连词都表示“一……就”。例如：
I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast.吃完早饭，我立即到那里去。
The moment I heard the news, I went to the school. 我一听到消息，马上赶到了学校。
As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up.我一到加拿大，就给你来电话。
注意hardly(scarcely，rarely)……when,before，no sooner …than相当于as soon as之意。主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时态。当hardly，scarcely, rarely和no sooner位于句首时，主句应用倒装语序。例如：
Hardly had I sat down when he stepped in ,我刚坐下，他就进来了。
二、原因状语从句
原因状语从句表原因，常见的引导词有：because(因为)，since(既然)，as(既然)，for(因为)
1.becausey引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之后，because表示直接原因，语气最强，回答why引导的疑问句必须使用because。
I do it because I like it..
——Why didn’t he come yesterday?
——Because he had something important to do.
注意“not……because”结构中的not否定的是because引导的整个从句，例如：The country is not strong because it is large.国强不在大.
2.Since引导的原因状语从句一般位于主句之前，表示已知的、显然的理由。通常被翻译成“既然”，较为正式，语气比because弱。。
Since you are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics,既然今天你休息，你最好帮我补习数学。
3.as引导原因状语从句时表示附带说明的“双方已知的原因”，语气比since弱，较正式，位置较灵活，常放于主句之前。
As it is raining, you’d better take a taxi，既然在下雨，你最好乘出租汽车。
4. for引导的原因状语从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供一些辅助性的补充说明，for引导的原因状语从句只能放于主句之后并且必须用逗号将其与主句隔开。
He could not have seen me, for I was not there.他不可能见过我，因为我不在那里。
三、条件状语从句
引导条件句常用的连词有if(如果)，unless(如果不，除非)等，条件状语从句和时间状语从句一样，表示将来要用一般现在时态。
We won’t let you in unless you show your pass.
If you fail again this time,what will you do?
(1)if引导的条件状语从句表示将来时，要用一般现在时代替，主句仍使用一般将来时态。
(2)将if引导的宾语从句和状语从句进行混淆考查，宾语从句中的if表示“是否”，可以使用一般将来时。
四、让步状语从句
让步状语从句表示“虽然，即使，尽管”。引导词有although，though，even though, even if都表示“虽然，即使，尽管”之意。主句中不能用but，但可用yet、Though和although语气较弱(其中的though比although通俗，不如although正式)，even if和even though带有强调意味而显得语气更强。例如：
Although they are poor ,they are happy yet.虽然他们很穷，但很快乐
The article is very important though it is short.那篇文章虽然很短，但很重要。
Even though it was raining, she walked to work.即使下雨，她也是走着去工作的。
I’ll visit him this evening even if I can stay only a few minutes.今晚我将去拜访他，即使我只能停留一小会儿。
注意though引导的让步状语从句的用法比较特殊，它可以倒装，也可以不倒装。
五、地点状语从句
地点状语从句常由where和wherever引导，通常可置于主句之前或之后。
如：We should go where(ver) we are most needed,我们要去最需要我们的地方。
Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。
六、目的状语从句
目的状语从句通常由so that, in order that 引导，所引导的从句通常放在主句后面。目的状语从句中的谓语常含有may (might),can (could),shall ,will 等情态动词。
如：He always takes a seat in the first row so that/in order that he can hear better.
= In order that he can hear better, he always takes a seat in the first row.为了听得更清楚，他总是坐前排的座位。
七、结果状语从句
结果状语从句常由so that, so…that, such…that等引导，放在主句之后，so…that与such…that句型在一定条件下可转换。
如：He made such an excellent speech that everyone admired him.
= He made so excellent a speech that everyone admired him.
他的演讲如此精彩以至于每个人都很钦佩他。
注意so that 引导结果状语从句和目的状语从句的辨别
so that从句之前有个逗号的常为结果状语从句，因表示某一行为带来的结果，从句中的时态常为过去式;
so that从句中有may(might)，can(could)，should, will等情态动词的通常是目的状语从句。
如：I wrote as clearly as possible, so that I got high marks.(目的)我尽可能地写清楚些，这样可以得高分。
He went to the lecture early so that he could get a good seat.(目的)他很早就去听报告了，以便可以找到一个好座位。
He went to the lecture early, so that he got a good seat.(结果)他很早就去听报告了，这样他就找到一个好座位。
八、比较状语从句
1.比较状语从句常由as…as，not so(as)，than引导。比较从句部分常为省略句。
如：His brother is as handsome as he (is)/him.(非正式英语中可用宾格him)他弟弟和他一样英俊。
He swims faster than any other student in his class(does).他比班上其他任何人都游得快。
2.通常把the more…the more…结构也归为比较从句，意为：“越…越”。
如：The harder you work, the greater progress you’ll make.你越努力学习，就会取得越大的进步。
The less she worried, the better she worked.她担心得越少，就工作得越好。
九、方式状语从句
1.方式状语从句常由(just)as(像…)，as if/though(好像)引导，表示动作的方式。
如：Do exactly as the doctor says.一定要按照大夫的话去做。
He walked slowly as if/though he had hurt his leg.他慢慢地走着，仿佛是腿受了伤。
注：在非正式问题中有时会用like代替as引导方式从句。
2.as if/though引导的状语从句，若描述非事实情况，常用虚拟语气，若描述的是实际情况，用陈述语气。
如：She treats the orphan as if/though he was her own child.她对待孤儿就像是她自己的孩子一样。(他是孤儿，当然就不是她亲生孩子，故用虚拟语气。) It looks as if/though it’s going to rain.看起来天像是要下雨了。(本句用的是陈述语气，说明天真象是要下雨了。)
实战演练(2×50) 计分:
1. I don’t know if it tomorrow ,if it , we won’t go on a picnic.
A. rains; rains
B. will rain; rains
C. will rain; will rain
2. We can’t go to the zoo ___ the weather is fine tomorrow.
A. unless
B. if
C. because
3. Just work hard, ____ your dream will come true.
A. but
B. and
C. or
4. Don’t cross the street ____ the traffic lights are green.
A. after
B. until
C. when
5. ____ they may not succeed, they will try their best.
A. Though
B. Because
C. Unless
6. We will have no water to dink we don’t protect the earth..
A. until
B. before
C. if
7. Luckily, all the students got out of the teaching building if fell down.
A. until
B. before
C. after
8. My grandma didn’t go sleep I got back home.
A. where
B. until
C. as soon as
9. Uncle Wang gave all his savings to the Hope School ______he himself was not rich.
A. because
B. as if
C. though
10.You’ll do better you are more careful with your spelling.
A .if B. before C. although
11.The sports meeting will continue it rains this afternoon.
A. if
B. since
C. unless
12.I’ll give her the message she comes back.
A. till
B. before
C. as soon as
13.Jim is going to be a doctor when he _______ .
A. will grow up
B. grows up
C. grow up
14.—Did you catch what the teacher said?
—No. She spoke so fast I couldn’t hear her very clearly.
A .which B. that C. when
15.The teacher speaks very loudly all the students can hear her.
A. so that
B. because
C. since
16. Study hard, _______ you will catch up with your classmates.
A. and
B. or
C. but
17. Several days has passed _________ the terrible earthquake happened in Japan.
A. after
B. since
C. as
18. It’s raining outside. Don’t leave _______ it stops.
A. When
B. since
C. until
19. _________ it’s difficult to make her dream come true, but she never gives up.
A. Though
B. /
C. Because
20. ____ you go to the party, you will have a good time.
A. If
B. Though
C. Because
21.--- Is WuDong at school today ?
---- No, he is at home____ he has a bad cold.
A. When
B. Though
C. Because
22.There are many books on math in the bookshop that he can’t decide which to choose.
A. so
B. too
C. such
23.He got up early he could get to school on time
A. even though
B. as if
C. so that
24.She is short she can’t reach the buttons of the lift
A .so, that B. such, that C. too, to
25.---Mum, what did the doctor say ?
--- He asked me to live ____ the air is fresher.
A. where
B. when
C. because
26.The piano in the other shop will be ____ ,but____.
A. cheaper ; not as better
B. more cheap; not asbetter
C. cheaper ; not as good
27.All of us haven’t seen Mike he left our city.
A. when
B. until
C. since
28. they are poor, yet they are very honest.
A. Because
B. Although
C. When
29. ---What was the party like?
---Wonderful. It’s years __________I enjoyed myself so much.
A. after
B. before
C. since
30. Why do you want a new job __________you got such a good one already?
A. that
B. where
C. when
31. You will be late ______________you leave immediately.
A. unless
B. until
C. if
32. We won’t give up ______________we may fail ten times.
A. even if
B. since
C. whether
33. The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she _________.
A. will arrive
B. arrives
C. is arriving
34. The volleyball match will be put off if it _______________.
A. will rain
B. rains
C. rained
35. It rained___ heavily that they didn’t come.
A. as
B. too
C. so
36. I often visited Tian’an Men Square ____________I was staying in Beijing.
A. until
B. during
C. while
37. He always thinks I’m wrong, _____________I may say.
A. no matter whatever
B. whatever
C. what
38. __________the rain has stopped, let’s continue to work.
A. Because
B. If
C. That
39. They waited __________it was dark
A. until B for C. because
40. You will catch a cold _____________put on more clothes.
A. if you don’t
B. if you will not
C. until you
41. We had hardly got to the station __________it began no rain.
A. until
B. since C when
42. They were surprised that a child should work out the problem __they themselves
couldn’t.
A. once
B. then
C. while
43. My name is Robert, ___________most of my friends call me Bob for short.
A. then
B. instead
C. however
44. Hurry up, _______ you will be late.
A. and
B. or
C. but
45. Several days has passed _________ the terrible earthquake happened in Japan.
A .after B. since C. as
46. _________ he is young, he knows a lot.
A. Though
B. /
C. Because
47. My friends always go shopping when _____.
A. it is sunny
B. it will be sunny
C. it is raining
48. We are not sure if the bus _____ on time. If it _____ on time , we will take a taxi.
A. comes; doesn’t come
B. will come; won’t come
C. will come; doesn’t come
49. Lucy came to the library early _____ she borrowed her favorite book.
A. since
B. for
C. so that
50. We couldn’t get to school on time ____ it was raining heavily.
A. because of
B. because
C. though
参考答案1—5BABBA 6—10CBBCA 11—15CCBBA 16—20ABCBA 21-25CACAA 26—30CCBCC 31—35AABBC 36—40CBAAA 41—45CCCBC
46—50AACCB
2011年中考英语代词练习题 一。单项填空 1. Tom， Please pass ________ the glasses. I want to read the newspapers. A. you B. me C. him D. her 2. The English novel is quite easy for you. There are ______ new words in it. A. a little B. little C. a few D. few 3. ---You want ________ sandwich？ ---Yes， I usually eat a lot when I’m hungry. A. other B. another C. others D. the other 4. The doctors and nurses are doing their best to fight SARS. They think more of others than _______. A. they B. them C. themselves D. theirs 5. ---Which do you prefer， a bottle of orange or a bottle of milk？ ---______________， thanks. I’d like a cup of tea. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None 6. ---Oh！ I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food. ---Never mind. You can have ________.
一、选择题 1．—How much is the ticket (票) to Central Park? —One ticket $40, and you can $80 for two persons. A．costs; pay B．cost; spend C．pay; spend D．spends; pay 2．—Look, Tom's parents look so sad. —Maybe they what's happened. A．knew B．have known C．has known D．will know 3．No noise, please. Your brother ________ his homework in the next room. A．does B．is doing C．did D．has done 4．It ________ heavily when I left the movie theater. A．rains B．was raining C．is raining D．will rain 5．Wang Wei often ________ TV on Sunday evenings, but now he is _______ stories. A．watches; reading B．watching; reads C．looks; reading D．watches; looking 6．My mother _____ dinner when I got home yesterday. A．has cooked B．was cooking C．will cook D．cooks 7．It’s 4:00 p.m. The students _____ in the pool. A．swim B．swam C．swims D．are swimming 8．Which of the following is right? A．He is used to live there. B．My main job is spreading the message about protecting the environment. C．I have borrowed the book from the library for two weeks. D．Kids under 18 are not allowed to drive. 9．My mother will be very angry with me when she out where I have been. A．finds B．found C．will find D．has found 10．Doctor Ray, as well as other scientists __________ trees for nearly 15 years, but they know only a little about them. A．study B．studies C．has studied D．have studied 11．—I'm sorry. There was too much traffic on the road. —Never mind. The meeting________for only 5 minutes. A．has begun B．has stopped C．has been on 12．—How long have you________? —For 10 years, we got married in 2005. A．married B．got married C．been married D．were married 13．Alice always________her notebooks. She is not tidy. A．lose B．lost C．loses D．found 14．When I was young, my mother ___________ by my side all the time. A．stays B．is staying C．stayed D．will stay 15．— Who ________the classroom tomorrow, Tony?
一、选择题 1．The poor woman lives _________.But she never feels ________. A．alone; lonely B．lonely; lonely C．alone; alone D．lonely; alone 2．My sister is too young to_______herself_______. A．look at;good B．look like;well C．look after;good D．look after;well 3．—You’re going to Hong Kong. What are you doing_______? —I’m going sightseeing. It will be ________time in Hong Kong. A．to there; the first B．there; my first C．in there; my first D．there; my the first 4．Jack sings _________ and he is a _________ singer(歌手). A．nice; good B．well; good C．good; well 5．—How often does he watch TV? —He watches TV. A．hard ever B．ever C．never 6．—Susan, someone is waiting for you on the phone. It_______ be your sister, but I’m not sure.— Oh, please tell her to call me_______ be cause I’m busy now. A．might; later B．must; later C．might; late D．must; late 7．Li Hua studies very_______ and her English is_______ in her class. A．hardly; good B．hardly; well C．hard; best D．hard; the best 8．My brother plays soccer . A．good B．well C．great 9．My mother usually at 5:30 in the afternoon. A．get home B．get to home C．gets to home D．gets home 10．—I can’t find my dog. —________ you can ask the policeman for help. A．Why not B．May be C．Shall D．Perhaps 11．We’ll meet kinds of difficulti es in our lives in the future.We should learn to be ________any challenge! A．confident enough to take on B．active enough to take up C．enough careful to take up D．enough patient to take on 12．—Do you often go shopping with your mom, Mike? —You know, most boys ________ go shopping, but I do. A．sometimes B．usually C．hardly 13．Suzy felt _________ when she studied __________ in London. A．alone; lonely B．alone; alone C．lonely; lonely D．lonely; alone 14．—Kitty is very good at musical instruments.
中考英语语法知识点总结讲解（下） 第11讲：动词语态和时态一样，语态也是动词的一种形式，用来说明句中主语和谓语的关系。如果动作由主语执行，就可使用主动语态，如果主语不是由主语执行，主语是动作的承受者，则可使用被动语态。由此我们可以看出英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者，什么事情被主语做。被动语态的构成和形式被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成，一定要记住是及物动词。助动词必须与主语的人称和数一致，注意要与我们前一讲学过的八个时态配合使用。适合被动语态的情况：不知道动作由谁发出，或由于某种原因没有必要说明谁发出动作。如：This table is made of wood. 需要突出或强调动作的承受者时，如：This park was built for children. 注意：主动句中的主语如果是people，they，somebody等含糊的表示人或人们，没有确指执行者是谁，为被动句时，通常省略by+执行者。如：The door was opened secretly. But nobody came in. 注意：在主动句里,不定式在make，see，hear等动词后面作宾语补足语时都不带to，但变成被动句时，后面的不定式都需带to。如：He was made to do that work. 主动语态不能变被动语态的情况：学了被动语态，别以为主动句和被动句可以随意转换，千万要注意呀！有些主动语态不能转换成被动语态。当宾语是反身代词时, 如：You should take care of yourself.当谓语是表状态的而不是表具体动作的及物动词时，如：Does the skirt suit
中考英语语法专题详解三 介词、连词 一. 介词 1. 介词概述：介词表示它与后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。介词是虚词，不能单独做句子成分。介词在英语中用法很活，也无一定规律可循。在初中范围内还应学一个记住一个，特别是那些和动词的特殊搭配。 2. 常用介词的意义和用法。 ⑴时间或地点介词in、on、at的用法区别： 表示时间时, in表示在一段时间里(在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后), on表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上下午等, at表示在某个时刻或者瞬间; 表示地点时, in表示在某个范围之内, on表示在某个平面上或与一个面相接触,at则表示在某个具体的场所或地点。如： He was born on the night of May 10th. I usually get up at 7：00 in the morning. His glasses are on the desk. My brother is at the bus stop. ⑵after与in表示时间的用法区别：“after+(具体时刻/从句)”表示“在…时刻之后”常用于一般过去时态;“in+(一段时间)”表示“在(多久)之后”,常用于将来时态。如：He said that he would come back after 6：00. My father is coming back from Astralia in about a month. ⑶since与for表示时间的用法区别：“since+(具体时刻/that-从句)”表示“自从…起一直到现在”,“for +(一段时间)”表示“持续一段时间”,都常用于完成时态;如：
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 2011届中考英语语法专项练习题及答案- 2011 届中考英语语法专项练习题及答案2010—2011 学年中考英语专项练习之主谓一致及直接引语和间接引语主谓一致英语中句子的主语要与其后的谓语保持一致，即“主谓一致” 。 一般遵循三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。 【练习导航】Ⅰ. 用适当的 be 动词或助动词填空。 1. Every student _______ got a book. 2. The number of students in the school _______ now rising. 3. A number of boys _______ playing basketball at the moment. 4. There _______ something else in the desk. 5. Tom, together with his mother, _______ gone to New York. 6. The teacher with two students _______ playing sports. 7. This pair of trousers _______ made by my aunt last year. 8. Five months _______ a long time to wait. 9. Here _______ some books. 10. To clean the room _______ your duty. Ⅱ. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 11. When I got there, they each _______ (read) a book. 12. Neither of us _______ (like) the storybook. 13. Everyone except me _______ (go) to the cinema yesterday. 14. A football team often _______ (have) eleven players. 15. No one but my parents _______ (know) the truth. 16. Jim’s family _______ (enjoy) 1/ 98
中考英语语法考点重点解析 中考英语语法考点重点分析（一） 中考是一种比较激烈的选拔性考试，它承担着为高级中学挑选优秀学生的任务，所以它一定要有必要的难度和区分度，我们在认真分析了近五年上海中考原题语法和词汇部分后（20xx年至20xx年），下面扼要的总结了些上海中考的重点和考点，帮助广大学生熟悉考试的具体要求和重点，为学生们备战中考提供必要的帮助。 初中生因为刚涉及英语学习，语法方面还没有过多学复合句等问题，中考的考核绝大多数是以词法为主，20xx年到20xx年语法单项选择15道题，涉及句法的题寥寥，一般在2道左右。20xx年单项选择增加到20道考核句法的题也没有超过两道。这体现了中考英语语法考核重在考察各种词法，强调最基础的学习和积累，为以后的高中学习打下牢固的基本功。 冠词和代词注意的问题： 例：The scientists from United States live in Ninth street.（20xx 上海中考题） A. the……the B. /……the C. /……/ D. the……/ 解析：这是考察冠词的一道典型试题，需要强调的是学生要牢牢记住一些冠词的特殊用法，如普通名词构成专有名词一定要用the 如：the Great wall长城 the Shanghai Museum 上海博物馆 the New Oriental School 新东方学校。另外注意零冠词的用法：街道、广场、
公园的前面不用任何冠词。所以这道题是选择D。 例：Liu xiang and Yao ming are world-famous sports stars.____ of them have set a good example to us .(20xx年上海中考题) A. all B. neither C. both D. none 例：There are many new high-rises on ___ side of Huaihai Road .What a magnificent view!（20xx年上海中考题） A. either B. neither C. both D. all 解析：代词部分尤其是不定代词部分历来是考试的重点。Both 是指两者的全肯定，是说都怎么样，而all是说全部都，这是在指三个人或者以上；none是指三个人或者以上都不怎么样，是否定的概念，neither是说两者的都不怎么样，也是否定的概念；最重要的是either这个单词，它表示两者都怎么样和both一样是肯定的，但是只说一个或者是任何一个。就上面这道题来讲，第一题说刘翔和姚明都给我们树立了榜样，两者的都肯定，所以选择C. 后一题是说淮海路两旁都是高楼大厦，按道理来讲应该是选择both，但是注意side 是一边，这是个单数，所以是说任意一边都是高楼大厦，选择A. 动词方面需要注意的问题： 一、近意动词的辨析选择 例：The VIPs from 21 countries will ___the APEC in Shanghai this autumn.（20xx年上海中考题） A. hold B. take part in C. join D. attend
中学英语语法专项训练6—介词 中学英语介词讲解 1.介词的含义， 介词（虚词），不能在句子中独立充当成分。它总是用于名词、代词、或相当于名词的其它词类或短语活从句前。 中考需要掌握的11 个介词：in、on^ atx to> from、by> with、for、aboutx after> before 表示时间的介词 A.典型例题： 1.in 1996 / in 2002 / in 1847 （年份） 2.ui October / in February / in March （月份） 3?in spring / in summer / in autumn / in winter （季节） 4.in a week / in a year 在 1 周 / 年中 5?in the morning / in the afternoon / in the evening 在上午 / 下午 / 晚上 in those days 在当时 / in no time 立亥9 / in the daytime 在白天 / in the future 在将来 / in one minute在1分钟内/最后in the end 表示较长时间（长于一天或乔一天）如：年、年份、月份、季节、周、上午、下午、晚上以及一些习惯用法中要用介词“inS B.典型例题： 1.at ten o' clock / at seven thirty. （表示某一钟点） 2.at noon / at night / at midnight （在中午、晚上、半夜---------- 一天中相对短暂的时间） 3.at the age of twenty / al the age of thirty-five （表示某一年龄） 4.at that time 在那时 / at the moment 这时、那时、此刻 / at first 首先 / at last 最后= in the end / at once立刻、马上/ at / on （the） weekends在周末/在一年中的这个时候 at this time of year / 在........ 开始/结束时at the beginning /end of 表示时I乔勺某一点（或表示某时刻）如：钟点、年龄或長衣的习惯用法中要用“at”。 C.典型例题： 1? on Monday / on Tuesday / on Wednesday / on Friday 2? on January 1 / on April 18 / on May 31 3.on January 1, 1988 / on April 1& 2002 / on Maj r 31,1977 4.on Monday morning / on Tuesday afternoon / on Wednesday evening 5.on a winter morning / on a summer evening / on a autumn afternoon 6.on the morning of May fifth 7.on my birthday / on that day / on New Year* s Day / on the first two days / on Christmas Day 8.值日on duty / 准时on time / 表示某一天或者特立（某一天上下午）的时间用介词“on”。 D.典型例题： 1.for two hours / for three days 2? for hundreds of years 3? for the last three years / for the past three years 4? for a while
初中英语语法专项习题9-时态 1 ( ) 1 -He came early this morning, didn't he? -Yes, he did. He often___ to school early. A. come B. comes C. came D. has come ( ) 2 Ann ____ her hair every week. A. is going to wash B. wash C. washes D. is washing ( ) 3 They usually_____TV in the evening. A. watch B. will watch C. are watching D. watches ( ) 4 The sun ___ in the east and___ in the west. A. raises; set B. rise; sets C. rises; sets D. rises; set ( ) 5 Miss Gao___ English on the radio every morning. A. had studied B. studies C. study D. studied ( ) 6 Our teacher will return by the time school A. will begin B. began C. is beginning D. begins 2 ( ) 1 -I usually have milk and bread for breakfast. What about you, Jim? -So do I, but my sister ___. A. hasn't B. doesn't C. didn't D. won't ( ) 2 -That ten pound note belongs to me. A. Yes, it belongs B. No, it doesn't C. Yes, it is D. No, it isn't ( ) 3 She will go if it ___ tomorrow. A. isn't rain B. don't rain C. doesn't rain D. didn't rain 3 ( ) 1 -_____ they often ___ these old men? -Yes, they___. A. Do; help; are B.Are; helping; are C. Do; help; do D. Are; helped; are ( ) 2 -___ he ___ to work on foot? -Yes, he___. A. Do; go; do B. Does; go; does C. Is; going; does D. Does; go; is ( ) 3 _____ you ___ some speaking in English every day? A. Is; speaking B. Do; do C. Do; does D. Does; do 4 ( ) 1 How ____ it in English? A. you say B. do you say C. to speak D. about talk ( ) 2 ___ you ___ to school every day? A. When; go B. When do; go . C. When did; go D. Does; go ( ) 3 ___ the girl ___ to school? A. Where does; go B. How do; go C. How does; goes D. How does; go 5 ( ) 1 _____ you ___ how to get the bus stop?
中考英语语法知识点总结讲解（上） 第1讲：名词 First, 名词复数的特殊变化。 普通名词的复数我们知道是直接加-s或-es，可是偏偏有一些名词不听话，变化不规则。这些小调皮是： a. class, box, watch, brush等词以s, x, ch, sh, 结尾，复数要加-es； b. story, factory 等以辅音字母+y结尾的词复数要先将-y 变成-i再加-es； c. knife, wife, life等以-f 或-fe结尾的词一般先将-f或-fe变为-v, 再加-es； d. 以-o结尾的名词，一般来说，末尾是元音字母+o 的词加-s，我们学过的有radio,zoo。末尾是辅音字母+o的词，变复数加-es。如：tomato, hero, potato，当然其中的piano 和photo，又是一个例外，他们的结尾只能加-s。 e. child（children）, foot（feet）, tooth（teeth）, mouse（mice）, man （men ）, woman（women ）等词的复数变化全不遵循规则。 注意：与man 和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women。如：an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans； f. deer，sheep等词更是懒得可以，竟然单复数同形。好记好记。people，police，cattle 等词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数，所以它们的谓语当然也是复数形式，这就是集体名词。the English，the French，the
初中英语语法分类讲解--- 名词 专有：（指人名、地名、江河湖海名称、书名等...）book/Beijing/CCTV... 名词的分类： 普通：（指一类人、事物、物质、或抽象名词等...）host/book/kid... 复合：是有两个或两个以上构成的相对稳定的词。outcome/rainfall... 名词功能：作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语等... 名词的数：可数和不可数名词变复数（详见语法书） 名词的格:（详见语法书） 名词化：形容词、基数词、序数词等...（详见语法书） 注：名词练习题见附件 一、冠词冠词分：不定冠词（a/an）和定冠词（the） 不定：表泛指某人或某事、表类别、表同类中的某一个、每一等... 定：表特指人或物、上文提到过的人或事物、某类的全体等... 零冠词：物质抽象专有名词前、月份星期季节名词前、学科语言名词前、泛指人类等... 冠词的位置：名词或名词短语前、so...that/ too...to等... 以上内容详见语法书 注：冠词练习题见附件 三：数词基数：构成123456789等... 写法和读法语法用法等... 序数词：构成first second third等... 写法和读法语法用法等数词的应用：年月日、时间编号、加减乘除的读法、分数表达法、百分数等...
以上内容详见语法书注：数词练习题见附件 四：代词 人称：表我、我们、你、你们、他、她等的词。（人称、有数和格变化）作主语、宾语、表语。 物主：表所有关系的代词。（形容词性和名词性） 反身：表我自己、你自己、他她自己等的词。（宾语、表语、同位语不能做主语） 指示：指代或标记人或事物的代词。（主语、定语、表语、宾语）不定：指代某个人或事物的代词。（主语、宾语、表语） 相互：主要有each other/one another等 疑问：用来进行提问的代词。有who/whom/whose/which/what等it的用法：作代词、作形式主语、形式宾语、强调句等 以上内容详见语法书 注：数词练习题见附件 五：形容词 分类：简单（kind/green/）和合成（a five year old boy等） 功能：作定语、表语、补足语和状语等 位置：置于名词前、多个形容词修饰同一个名词时的排列顺序。 比较级：原级、比较级、最高级 与介词搭配：（about/at/for/from/in/0f/to/with）等 常用句型：It is +adj+of+不定式表某人做某事怎么样 形容词+ing和ed等
中考英语重点语法解析 一．英语语法重点与难点 1、as…as…结构：你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。 You’re a boy as good as Tom.=You’re as good a boy as Tom. 2、(1)too…to与so…that sb. can’t…的句型转换：前者为简单句，主语只有一个，而后者为复合句，主语有两个，试比较： The man was too angry to be able to speak. The man was so angry that he wasn’t able to speak. (2) too…to…与not enough to句型的转换： He is too young to get married.=He is not old enough to get married. The book is too difficult for me to read.= The book is not easy enough for me to read. 3、形容词原级表示比较级含义： 约翰不象迈克那么苯。 John is not so stupid as Mike. John is less stupid than Mike. John is cleverer than Mike. 4、用比较级表示最高级：约翰是班里最高的男生。 John is taller than any other boy in the class. John is the tallest boy in the class. 5、the more….. the more….表示“越……越……”: The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is.
2017中考英语语法专题详解 一：名词 专题一名词 1. 名词的数 概述: 名词按其表示的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词及其单复数：可数名词有单复数变化，其前通常用不定冠词和数词来修饰，还可用many, few, a few, some, any, plenty of, lots of, a number of 等修饰。构成名词复数形式的方法分为规则法和不规则法两种。 复数的规则构成法：绝大多数英语中的名词复数都是在单数名词后加上词尾-s或-es构成的。具体规则如下图： 规则 例词 一般情况下加-s apple-apples, ruler-rulers 以s, x, ch，sh,结尾的加-es bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches, brush-brushes 以辅音字母加y结尾的，把y变成i再加-es city-cities, county-countries 以f或fe结尾的，把f或fe变成v,再加-es knife-knives, leaf-leaves 以o结尾的，有的词尾加-es，有的加-s
在初中英语范围内加-es的主要有以下4个：tomato-tomatoes， potato-potatoes Hero-heroes，Negro-Negroes 2) 复数的不规则构成法： a.单复同形的：Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese, deer-deer, sheep-sheep, fish-fish(表示鱼的数量) b. 熟记下列词的复数变化：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, mouse-mice, child-children c. 以man, woman做定语构成的复合名词，变复数时要全变：a man teacher-two men teachers; 其他情况一般只变主体名词而作定语的名词不变：a girl student-two girl students 3. 不可数名词：不可数名词没有单复数。如：water, meat, air等。在表示数量时，通常用以下方法。 1)用some, much, a little, little, a lot of, lots of, plenty of 等表示多少。 There is little milk at home. The old man has lots of money. 2) 若要表示不可数名词的数量，应用“数词+量词+of+名词”这种形式，若数字超过一，量词应用复数形式。如：a glass of water-two glasses of water, a piece of bread-two pieces of bread
一、选择题 1．These days lots of people are working_________ to get_________ for their living. A．hard enough; enough money B．enough hardly; money enough C．enough hard; money enough D．hardly enough; enough money 2．We are covering these ____________ girls’ wonde rful performances ______ . A．lively; live B．lively; alive C．alive; live D．alive; living 3．—Rita can’t hear anything, right? —Yes. She became at the age of five. A．deaf B．blind C．upset 4．We've got a bedroom, if you'd like to stay. A．empty B．spare C．available 5．Don't keep _________ when you are asked some questions in class. A．silent B．generous C．forgetful D．private 6．—To keep the kids , parents should put away the things like knives in the house.—I can’t agree more. A．tidy B．warm C．safe D．tall 7．— President Xi said that we are, we will be. —That's really true, we can only live a better life by working hard. A．the hard-working; the luckier B．the more hard-working; the luckier C．more hard-working; luckier 8．You can’t have ______ tomorrow if you don’t stop thinking about yesterday. A．a good B．a better C．the better D．the good 9．He was advised to eat fewer hamburgers and drink cola to keep fit. A．much B．more C．fewer D．less 10．-Why didn't you cry for help when you were robbed (被抢劫)? -If I opened my mouth, they might find my four gold teeth. That would be ______! A．bad B．much worse C．worst D．the worst 11．WeChat is growing fast and it is ______ than Skypein China． A．popular B．more popular C．most popular D．the most popular 12．I’m _____, and I have a _____sister. A．15 year old, 16-year-old B．15 years old, 16-years-old C．15-year-old, 16 years old D．15 years old, 16-year-old 13．The manager’s voice sounded on the phone. He offered to show us around the company. A．softly B．friendly
中考英语语法讲解资料及练习目录 第1讲：名词...................................................................................................1-3 第2讲：代词....................................................................................................3-5 第3讲：形容词.................................................................................................5-7 第4讲：副词....................................................................................................7-10 第5讲：动词..................................................................................................10-12 第6讲：不定式..............................................................................................12-13 第7讲介词....................................................................................................13-17 第8讲：连词..................................................................................................17-21 第9讲：时态(一) (22) 第10讲：时态(二).......................................................................................22-28 第11讲：被动语态........................................................................................28-30 第12讲：句子种类（一） (30) 第13讲：句子种类（二）............................................................................30-32 第14讲：宾语从句........................................................................................32-33 第15讲：状语从句........................................................................................33-35 第16讲：就近原则........................................................................................35-36