非谓语动词之动词不定式
一、动词不定式的构成：____________________________________
动词不定式的否定：____________________________________
eg. Try not to be late again next time.
He wished us never to meet her again.
Practice: 用动词的适当形式完成句子。
1.They invited us ________________(go) there this summer.
2.She hated ___________________(laugh at)
3.Charles Babbage is generally considered ___________________(invent) the first computer.
4.The book is said _______________________(translate) into Chinese.
5.The student pretended _________________(study) hard when his mother came in.
6.He seemed _____________(eat) something
7.They are said ________________________(work) in Tibet for 20 years.
三．动词不定式可作下列成分：
1.不定式作__________
To say is one thing, but to do is another thing.
To talk with him is a great pleasure.
Practice:
1)It is a great pleasure _________(talk) with him.
2)It is our duty ___________(look) after our parents when they are old.
2.不定式作____________
I decided to work hard from now on.
Practice:
1) -- Do you know Mr. Smith?
-- Yes. He’s a strange man. We found ____ difficult to work with him.
A. us
B. it
C. that
D. this
2) I make ______ a rule to get up early.
A. us
B. it
C. that
D. this
3) I don’t think ______right to do it in that way.
A. him
B. it
C. that
D. one
3. 不定式作____________
My job is to clean the room every day.
His dream is to be a doctor.
注意：
◆当主语部分出现实义动词do或do的其他形式to do, did等时，作表语的不定式常常不带____。如：
What I should do is finish the task soon.
The only thing to do is write to him.
4. 不定式作_________________
He is always the first one to come to school.
I have a lot of work to do.
注意：
1）被修饰的名词前有序数词或形容词最高级或the only修饰时，只能用动词不定式作后置定语。如：
The nex t train _________(arrive) is from New York.
I don’t think he is the best man ________(do) the job.
He was the only person ___________(survive) in the air crash.
2）用不定式的正确形式完成下列句子。
○1前提：我有许多事情要做，所以不能跟你出去吃饭了。
I have a lot of work _______(do) today.
○2前提：你有没有东西要带给你儿子的？有的话我(问话人)可以顺便帮你带一下。
Do you have anything _______________(take) to your son?
3）不定式作定语时，与被修饰的词虽具有被动关系（动宾关系），但是与句中另一名词或代词具有主动关系，须以主动表被动。
Mrs. Bird gave the dog a few bones to eat.
The policeman showed me the right bus to take.
Practice:
○1Father always bought his son some toys ___________(play) with after his business．
○2. With a lot of difficult problems _______, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A. settled
B. settling
C. to settle
D. being settled
Practice 2: 改错：
○1He is looking for a room to live.
○2He has nothing to complain.
○3I need a pen to write.
○4There are enough chairs for us to sit.
5. 不定式作_______________
My teacher encouraged me to try again.
They don’t allow me to smoke in the office.
I ask my students to read English every morning.
注意：
表示感觉的动词（see, watch, notice, observe, look at; hear, listen to; feel等）和have, let, make 这三个使役动词后跟动词不定式作宾补时，要省掉______。变成被动语态时，要加上______。
I saw the boy open the door.
The boy was seen ____________________________.
I made Tom clean the classroom after school.
Tom was made ____________________________________________.
6. 不定式作____________________ 不定式常常作目的、原因、结果状语等。
○1I’m sorry to hear that.
○2I went there to see my parents. / To see my parents, I went there. ________状语（不定式作______状语时，可放句____和句____。放句首时常用_______隔开，放句末一般不用逗号隔开。）
○3He hurried to the airport, only to find the plane had taken off.
only to do表示____________________________
Practice:
○1___________ (repair) as soon as possible, the car was sent to the company immediately after the accident.
○2___________ (increase) your vocabulary, you should read more.
○3To be a great scientist, ___________________________.
a) maths is very important.
b) maths is more important than other subjects.
c) one must understand maths.
7. 不定式可以做独立成分，用来说明说话人的态度，对全句进行解释。如：to be honest; to be
frank; to tell (you) the truth;
疑问词+ 动词不定式
疑问词+ 动词不定式可以在句子中作__________________________________。
He doesn’t know how to use to machine.
How to use to machine is a question.
The question is when to go there.
8. 不定式的省略：保留到____省略do动词。
Jim wanted to play football in the yard, but his mother told him not to.
非谓语动词之动名词
一、动名词的构成：____________________________________
动名词的否定：____________________________________
如：Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?
We considered not doing it now.
Practice:
○1___________(see) the snake, she was terrified.
○2____________________(work) here for 5 years, I am very familiar with it.
○3The question _________________(discuss) now is very difficult.
○4Tom was very unhappy for _____ to the party.
A. having not been invited
B. not having invited
C. having not invited
D. not having been invited
三．动名词可作下列成分：
1. 动名词作_________
(1) 直接作主语。
Talking like that is not polite.
(2) 用it代替动名词作形式_____。
It’s no use waiting here; let’s go home.
It’s useless /no use / senseless / good / no good / a nuisance / a waste of… + 动名词短语(3) 在“There be no + 动名词短语”句型中，作主语, 表示“没法…”
There is no denying the fact that China is still a developing country.
2. 动名词作_________
My favorite sport is swimming.
3. 动名词作_________
I enjoy listening to music.
英语中许多动词和动词短语后面常接动名词作宾语。如：
consider, suggest / advise, look forward to, excuse, 考虑建议盼原谅，
admit, delay / put off, fancy承认推迟没得想
avoid, miss, keep / keep on, practise, 避免错过继续练，
deny, finish, appreciate否认完成停欣赏
forbid, imagine, risk, 禁止想象才冒险，
can’ help, mind, allow / permit, escape不禁介意准逃跑
can’t sta nd, set about, object to,
feel like, succeed in, insist on, be busy (in)
be/get used to, give up, have difficulty/trouble (in),
lead to, pay attention to, prevent…from…, apologize for
4. 动名词作_________
动名词作定语时，说明它所修饰的名词的性能和用途。
a sleeping bag a bag used for sleeping a swimming pool_________________
5. 动名词的复合结构
物主代词或名词所有格加动名词，即构成动名词的复合结构（sb’s / one’s + doing / being done），动名词的复合结构在句中多作主语或宾语。如：
Do you mind my smoking?
Your going there will help a lot.
I remember Wei Fang’s going there.
当动名词复合结构作宾语，放在动词或介词之后，物主代词和名词所有格还可分别用人称代词的宾格或名词来代替。如：
It has also led to many American words and structures passing into British English.
四. 动名词VS. 动词不定式
动名词和动词不定式在实际运用中，有下列各点值得注意：
1. 做主语时的区别：
动名词指习惯性/抽象的动作或状态。/ 不定式指具体/特指/将来要发生的动作。
例：Sending an e-mail is quite common today./ To send an e-mail is my task this afternoon.
2．做表语时的区别：
动名词指习惯性/抽象的动作或状态。/不定式指具体/特指/将来要发生的动作。
My job is teaching English. /My task is to clean the classroom this afternoon.
主语为hope、wish、plan等名词时用不定式。
3．做宾语时的区别：
①like、dislike、hate、love既可以加to do也可以加doing
to do表示具体动作I like to listen to music.
doing表示习惯性动作I like listening to music.
②stop, try, mean, forget, remember, regret, go on等既可以加to do也可以加doing
辨一辨：
try to do _______________________ try doing _________________________
remember to do__________________ remember doing _________________
forget to do ____________________ forget doing ______________________
regret to do _______________________ regret doing ____________________
stop to do _________________________ stop doing _____________________
mean to do ________________________ mean doing ____________________
go on to do _________________________ go on doing ____________________
can’t help (to) do____________________ can’t help doing_________________
Practice:
1.) She reached the top of the hill and stopped _______ on a big rock by the side of the path.
A. to have rested
B. resting
C. to rest
D. rest
2.) --- The light in the office is still on.
--- Oh, I forgot _______.
A. turning it off
B. turn it off
C. to turn it off
D. having turned it off
③start/begin to do
1）当start/begin本身为V-ing的形式时要用to do eg. I’ m beginning to do the work.
2）当主语为物的时候要用to do eg. It begins to rain.
3）当句中的do为表示心理活动的词是要用to do eg. I begin to understand what he said.
非谓语动词之分词
英语中的分词分两种：_____________和_____________。
一、分词的时态和语态
现在分词
1) 现在分词的一般式：_________________. 在语态上表示该现在分词与其逻辑主语之间是______的关系，在时间上表示动作正在进行或与谓语动词同时发生。如：
Wearing a new pair of glasses, she can read easily.
2) 现在分词的完成式：___________________.语态上表示该现在分词与其逻辑主语之间是______的关系，在时间上表示其动作或状态_____于谓语动词的动作或状态。如：
Having received a letter, I know everything is all right.
Having had my supper, I went out for a walk.
Having known that he won the match, he threw the cap into the sky.
3) 现在分词的被动式：___________________________或______________________, 在语态上表示该现在分词与其逻辑主语之间是_______的关系。
The library being built will be completed next year.
Having been separated from other countries for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.
过去分词
过去分词只有一种形式_______________，表示在谓语动词之前发生的动作。
及物动词的过去分词表示先于谓语动词的动作，与其逻辑主语是被动的关系。
The boy hurt by the car was sent to the hospital immediately.
Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful.
不及物动词的过去分词表示先于谓语动词的动作，与其逻辑主语之间是主动的关系。
You could see fallen leaves everywhere in the fall.
Developed countries should help developing countries.
试一试：
Most of the people ______ to the party were famous scientists.
A. invited
B. to invite
C. being invited
D. inviting
二、分词的否定式：______________________________
Not knowing what to do next, she stopped to wait.
Not having finished the homework, the little girl doesn’t dare to go to school.
Not interested in the talk, he left earlier than others.
试一试：
________a reply, he decided to write a sixth letter
A. Not receiving
B. Not to receive
C. Not having received
D. Having not received
三、分词的用法：
1. 作__________
一般单个分词作定语时放在名词_____；分词短语作定语放在名词_______.当分词短语作定语
时，可以转换为一个______从句。
a fallen leaf a falling leaf
Do you know the English teacher calling herself Miss Shen?
Do you know the English teacher called Miss Shen?
练一练：
①He set free the bird ________________________(昨天抓到的).
②The policeman is catching the ________________________(逃跑的囚犯).
③______________(受污染的空气)and water are harmful to people’s health.
○4The flowers _________ sweet in the garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.
A. to smell
B. smelling
C. smelt
D. to be smelt
○5Will those ______ the children from abroad come to the headmaster’s office?
A. teaching
B. teach
C. who teaches
D. who teaching
2. 作_________
We are interested in the story which is interesting.
Lily remained puzzled.
①We are_____ (很累) after so long a trip.
②This film is _____________ (令人感动).
③My mother is ___________by the film. (受到感动).
○4Traveling is ________. But we often feel ________ when we are back from travels.
A. interesting; tired
B. interested; tiring
C. interesting, tiring
D. interested; tired
3. 分词作________________
I could see a man lying on the floor, tied up with rope.
We found the men’s boat tied to the other side of the steamboat.
分词作宾补时，分词前的谓语动词多是感官动词和使役动词。有: find, see, watch, notice, hear, keep, leave, set, have, get等词。
现在分词强调动作正在进行,与宾语是主动关系。如：
He kept her waiting outside. = She was _________________________.
过去分词作宾补时，表示动作已经完成，与宾语是__________关系。have, got表示的动作往往是别人完成。
We found him tied to the tree. = He was _______________________________
练习：
①He had his bike ______________(被盗).
②The teacher catches Mike___________________(cheat in the exam).
③I found my house_____________(break) into when I came back from my vacation.
○4The mothers saw their children well ______ at the nursery.
A. taking care of
B. to take care of
C. to be taken care of
D. taken care of
4. 分词作____________ 注意：分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须同句子的主语一致。Written in a hurry, ______ . How can it be satisfactory?
A. they found many mistakes in the report
B.Sam made lots of mistakes in the report
C.There are plenty of mistakes in the report
D.The report is full of mistakes
1) 表示_______，相当于when, while引导的状语从句。如：
He waved at us walking out of the gate.
Studying in that school, I met him only once.
2) 表示______，相当于if等引导的条件状语从句。
_________(work) hard, you’ll succeed.=If you work hard, you’ll succeed. = Work hard, and you’ll succeed
__________(give) more time, I can finish the work.= If I am given more time, I can finish the work.
3) 表示______，相当于because, since和as引导的原因状语从句。
______ (be) ill, he didn’t go to school. =Because he was ill, he didn’t go to school.
_______(tire) out, they stopped to have a rest.
4) 表示_______，相当于though, although或no matter+特殊疑问词引导的让步状语从句。
Weighing almost 50 kilograms, the stone was moved by him alone.
=Though the stone weighed almost 50 kilograms, it was moved by him alone.
5) 表示________，相当于结果状语从句。
Her husband died in 1942, _______(leave) her with five children.
Their car was caught in a traffic jam, _____________(cause) the delay.
The worst tornado of all time occurred in 1925, ____________(affect) three US states.
6) 表示_______
They shook hands, ___________(smile) at each other.
Mencius travelled from state from state ____________(teaching) his principles.
5. 分词的独立结构
当分词作状语时，其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语一致。如果不一致的话，分词前面可以带有自己的逻辑主语（名词或代词），构成分词的独立结构。如：
She rushed out of the room, the little baby carried in her arms.
Maggie ran back to the kitchen, eggs held carefully in her hands.
So much undone, it is necessary for you to make a new plan.
独立结构在很多情况下可以用with引导,但这时分词的逻辑主语如果是代词,则要用宾格形式。He leading the way, they got there earlier than expected. =
With him leading the way, they got there earlier than expected.
there be句型和it也能引出分词的独立结构，there和it相当于分词的逻辑主语。如：
There being nothing else to do, we went home.
There having been no rain, the plants withered.
It being impossible for most students to turn in their papers on time, the teacher decided to give them another two days.
练一练：
I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise ______.
A. going on
B. goes on
C. went on
D. to go on
The key______，she went through her handbag carefully.
A. hadn’t been found
B. having not been found
C. not having been found
D. wasn’t found
非谓语动词( 2015届高三. 咏华) 非谓语动词就是在句中不作谓语的动词, 有动词不定式、动词-ing形式和动词-ed分词。 一.非谓语动词的形式变化(结合前面的“时态和语态”专题，推测非谓语动词的各种时态和语态相结合的 二．分析下列各组句子，划出非谓语部分，判断非谓语在句中充当的成分，总结非谓语动词在句中充当同一种成分时的用法及区别。 1．①Learning is important to modern life. 学习对现代生活很重要。 ②To see is to believe. = Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 ③To obey the law is important. = It is important to obey the law. ④It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。 归纳：作主语 ●通常，v-ing表抽象的或习惯性的动作，不定式表具体的或一次性的将来动作。 ●不定式和v-ing作主语常放在句末，主语位置用形式主语it，即 It + is/was +adj./n.（如：easy/difficult/(im)possible/likely/good/a good idea等）+ to do sth. 但It + is/was + 某些adj./n. (worth/useless/no use/no good/of little use/ of little good) + v-ing. 2．①The story is interesting. ②My job is teaching. (= Teaching is my job.) ③I am deeply devoted to education. ④The window is broken. ⑤My dream is to be admitted into an ideal university. 归纳：作表语 ●v-ing 表主语（物）的性质（令人…….的）或内容； ●v-ed 表主语（人）的情感（感到…….的）或所处的状态； ●不定式表将来动作，在表“目的aim/goal/purpose、愿望wish/hope、梦想dream、 需求demand”等的名词作主语时其表语用不定式。 3.①Shall we go to the swimming pool ? ②This is an interesting story. ③The excited fans are shouting and waving to the film star. ④China is a developing country while America is a developed country. ⑤I have a lot of papers to type. ⑥She was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize.
高考复习之非谓语动词（一） Task 1 ? Listen and fill in the blanks 1.When I was young, I’d listen to the radio, __________ for my favorite song. When they played, I’d sing along. It made me _________. ?Yesterday once more 2.Sorry I never told you all I wanted __________. Now it’s too late _________. Cause you’ve flown away, so far away. Never had I imagined __________ without your smile. _________ and _________ you hear me, it keeps me alive. ?A sweet day Task 2 做题 Task 3 总结解题技巧 一、___________________________________________ 1.They included digging up the road, __________(lay) the track and then building a roof over the top. 2.What makes Qigong special is that it can be done ___________(lie), sitting, or standing. 二、___________________________________________ 3.First, __________(talk) to someone you trust is a good way of letting your anger out without hurting others or yourself. 4._____________(ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes. 三、___________________________________________ 5.___________(learn) more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course. 6.Reaching the destination, he suddenly found his __________(lose) shoe in a basket. 7.To return to the problem of water pollution, I’d lik e you to look at a study ____________(conduct) in Australia in 2012. 四、___________________________________________ 8.Today there are more airplanes _________ (carry) more people than ever before in the skies. 9.There’s a note ___________(attach) to the door saying when the shop will open again. 10.There are always lots of people in the street, and there is always something _________(see) or do. 五、___________________________________________ 11.Children, when _____________(accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium. 12.After school, I went back home on time to help my parents do some housework while ___________ (enjoy) some light music. 六、____________________________________________ 13.With all the porridge _________ (eat) up, he picked out a shoe and boiled it to eat. 14.I stood before her with my heart ___________ (beat) fast. 15.Much time _________(spend) sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by
非谓语动词学案 授课班级______ 应到学生______ 实到学生_____课型_____ 教学目标：1. 熟悉非谓语动词的构成； 2. 能够熟练使用非谓语动词。 教学过程： 一、非谓语动词的概念 动词的基本用法是作谓语,而非谓语动词在句中不能作谓语。当句中已经有了谓语动词了，要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式了。 二、非谓语动词的形式和基本用法： 1、动词不定式：to do 表示目的和将来; I have a meeting to attend. The child has nothing to worry about. He worked day and night to get the money. 2、动词的ing : doing 表示主动和进行； Can you hear her singing the song in the next room? He kept the car waiting at the gate. (While) Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker. 3、动词的过去分词：done表示被动和完成。 The window was broken by the boy. Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. Praised by the neighbors, he became the pride of his parents. I heard the song sung several times last week. 三、非谓语动词的时态和语态 四、非谓语动词的否定形式 在非谓语动词前加not, never. 即not / never to do, not / never doing/ not/ never done 五、非谓语动词的做题步骤 1、判定是否用非谓语形式。方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了 2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。
非谓语动词基本概念及用法 一、动词不定式to do 现在分词v-ing 过去分词v-ed Thinking about these examples: the bridge to be built 将建造的桥, the bridge being built 正在建造的桥,the bridge built已经建好的桥 二、谓语与非谓语的比较 非谓语动词是汉语中没有的语言现象。汉语中几个谓语动词连用而动词不用作任何形式的变化。如：他明天来拜访你。翻译成英语不是He will come visit you，而是He will come to visit you.这里就用了不定式to visit。因此同学们要特别注意弄清句子的结构。 例：Tom sat under a tree and seeing his friend, up in no time. A. to stand B. standing C. stood D. would stand 分析：stood是与sat并列的谓语。 Exercise：找出“非谓语动词”，并判断作何成分 To see is to believe. Seeing is believing. It is not an easy thing to master a language. My suggestion is to start work at once. They found it impossible to get everything ready in time. Have you anything to declare? He bought a bicycle to go to town more quickly. Did you see anyone enter the house? He saw his father talking with his teacher. I once heard him sing this song. The boss made them work from morning till night. They were made to work from morning till night. The situation is encouraging. She looked disappointed. They lived in a room facing (= that faced) the south. The house standing (= that stands) at the corner of the street was built in 1955. Is this the book recommended by our teacher? The meeting held last week is very important. The meeting being held is very important. The meeting to be held next week is very important. Please tell me the subjects to be discussed at the next meeting. 被动 sth.
非谓语动词（1） 1.形式：动词不定时（doing）, 动名词（doing）,分词（doing 和done ） 2.导入： 练：1.）Mrs. White showed her students some old maps ______ from the library. A. to borrow B. to be borrowed C. borrowed D. borrowing 2.）With Father’s Day around the corner, I have taken some money o ut of the bank ________ presents for my dad. A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. to have bought 3.）I have a lot of readings ______ before the end of this term. A. completing B. to complete C. completed D. being completed 4.）The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _______ for a meal to be cooked. A. laid B. laying C. to lay D. being laid 5.）It rained heavily in the south, ______ serious flooding in several provinces. A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause 6.）I had great difficulty _______ the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant. A. find B. found C. to find D. finding 7. ）Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues ______ with her stories. A. amused B. amusing C. to amuse D. to be amused 8. _______ the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height. A. Approaching B. Approached C. To approach D. To be approached 9. That is the only way we can imagine ______ the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms. A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce 10. ______ at my classmates’ faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes. A. Looking B. Look C. To look D. Looked 一．动词不定式的用法 判断下面不定式在句中的成分 1.To finish the work in ten minutes is difficult. （） 2. He wants to go abroad. （） 3. My dream is to become a singer. （） 4. Mother got me to go to the shop and buy some salt. （） 5. I have some clothes to wash. （） 6.He hurried to the station only to find that the train had left. （） 结论：不定式在句中可以充当__________________________________________. I．不定式做主语： 不定式做主语可直接放于句首，但很多情况下，用______做形式主语（尤其在疑问句和感叹句中）常见句型：1.）1）It is + adj. +for sb /of sb+to do sth. 常用介词for 的词_________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 常用介词of 的词有_______________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 2.)It is + n + to do sth.意思是_______________________________ 常见名词_____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ (3) It takes/needs/requires+ sometime/sth. +to do意思是：_______________ ⅱ做宾语 1.(2005天津卷) I don’t want _________like I’m speaking ill of
非谓语动词 动词除了在句子中充当谓语外，还具有名词、形容词及副词的性质动词的非谓语形式，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语和状语等，称作非谓语动词，包括动词不定式、分词和动名词。 高考重点要求： 1、注意非谓语动词与句子谓语动词的时间关系，以确定非谓语动词的时态形式 2、弄清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系，以确定非谓语动词的语态形式 一、理论知识（《全优课堂》P302-304页 请找出以下句子的谓语动词和非谓语动词 The dinosaur was forced to adapt and evolved into a smaller animal needing less space and food. 谓语动词____________________ 非谓语动词___________________ 非谓语动词的三种基本形式 表主动，将来_____________ 表主动，进行_____________ 表被动，完成_____________ 分析一下不定式的形式及意义 1/ We all expect the boy to win the match. ( to do 表______________) 2/ The problem to be discussed tomorrow is of great importance. ( to be done 表_____________)
3/ Tom was considered to have broken the cup. ( to have done 表_________________) 4/ The cup was considered to have been broke n by Tom. ( to have been done 表______________) 5/ The boy is pretending to be listening carefully. ( to be doing 表___________________ ) 分析一下动词ing的形式及意义 1/ The girl standing over there is my sister. ( doing 表__________________) 2/ The road being repaired now is called Binjiang Road. ( being done表_______________ ) 3/ Having finished her homework, Lily went out to play table tennis. ( having done 表_______) 4/ Having been told the bad news, he couldn’t help crying. (having been done 表___________) 分析一下动词ed的形式及意义 The photo taken by the photographer is quite eye-catching. ( done 表_____________________) 非谓语动词的否定式：not 放在该非谓语动词之前 如：not to be done, not having been done, not done Any difference between “done” and “having been done”? 被告知了这令人兴奋的消息，他感到兴奋。
非谓语动词 不定式作状语时相当于一个状语从句，不定式作状语时往往用来作目的状语、结果状语或原因状语。 1．不定式用来作目的状语：作目的状语时，不定式的逻辑主语通常也是全句的主语，这里往往译作“为了，想要”。 (2009·辽宁卷)To be a winner，you need to give all you have and try your best.要想成为赢家，你要付出所有并竭尽全力。 2．不定式用于so...as to ...，such...as to；enough to；too...to；only to等结构中作结果状语。Would you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle? 你能不能行行好，借给我你的自行车？ He is such a fool as to think that his strange behaviour can inflect others.他如此愚蠢以至于认为他奇怪的行为会影响他人。 He hurried to the booking office only to have been told all the tickets had been sold out. 他匆忙去了售票处，结果被告诉所有的票已经卖完了。 专家提醒：“only＋to do”表示出乎意料的结果，tell 和主语He 之间存在动宾关系，因而应用不定式的被动结构。而现在分词作结果状语则表示自然而然的结果。 His parents died，leaving him an orphan. 他的父母去世了，使他成为孤儿。 1.(2010·江西卷)There were many talented actors out there just waiting________. A．to discover B．to be discovered D ．being discovered C．discovered 解析：句意为：很多有天赋的演员就在那里等待被发现。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。此题空格处用不定式来表示目的，而且actors与discover之间为被动关系，所以B项为答案。 答案： B 2．(2010·合肥第二次教学检测)—Why are the students working so hard these days. —________ready for the ing entrance examination. A．To get B．Get D ．Got ．CGetting 可知，此句是省略句，”为了即将来临的入学考试准备“考查非谓语动词。根据答语解析： 不定式作状语，表示目的。 答案： A 3．(2010·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)With Father's Day around the corner，I have taken some money out of the bank________presents for my dad. A．buy B．to buy D．to have bought C．buying 解析：句意为：父亲节就要到了，我已经从银行取了些钱出来准备给爸爸买些礼物。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。从语境看，本空在句中作目的状语，用不定式，因此A的动词原形、C的现在分词、D的不定式完成式都不符合题意。 答案： B
山东省高密市教科院2013届高三高考二轮复习英语《非谓语 动词》学案 考查要点 1.不定式的时态和语态； 2.不定式的功能：不定式的形容词性功能、不定式的副词性功能、不定式的名词性 功能； 3.不定式的省略； 4.不定式的否定形式； 5.不定式的搭配形式； 6.独立主格结构； 7.v-ing分词名词性功能； 8.v-ing分词形容词性功能； 9.v-ing分词副词性功能； 10.过去分词与现在分词一般式的区别； 11.过去分词与现在分词主动完成式的区别； 12.过去分词与现在分词一般被动式的区别 非谓语动词的做题步骤 1、判定是否用非谓语形式。方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了。 2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的 主语。 3、判断主被动关系。方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。 4、判断时间关系。方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓 语动作之前、之后还是同时。之前常用done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing。 高考例题： 【2012江西卷】33．Having fini shed her project, she was invited by the school to the new students. A．speaking B．having spoken C．to speak D．to have spoken 【答案】C 【考点】非谓语动词。 【解析】不定式表目的，又因D选项时态错误，故选C。 【2012江西卷】35．John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter him it. A．offered B．offering C．to offerD．to be offered 【答案】B 【考点】非谓语动词
语法复习专题七——非谓语动词 一、 非谓语动词的分类 二、 非谓语动词的语法功能及时态、语态 三、非谓语动词的使用条件 一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）, 又没有连词的情况下, 还有别 的动词出现时，这些动词就充当了非谓语动词。 v-ed 过去分词
Ex. 1: 找出下列句子中的非谓语动词（含短语）。 1. Tom returned from the manager’s office, telling me that the boss wanted to see me at once. 2. The news meeting, to be held in that hall, has already been crowded with reporters. 3. I heard the girl singing in the classroom. 4. The man talking with my father is Mr. Wang. 5. To live is to struggle. (生活就是斗争。) 四、非谓语动词的用法 ★非谓语三种基本形式表达的意义 ?Seeing from the top of the hill, we find the park is beautiful. 主动,进行 ?Please keep quiet in the reading room. 性质 ?Founded in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the US. 被动,完成 ?We see fallen leaves on the ground. 完成 ?Dressed in red, she looks more beautiful. 状态 ?We are invited to a party to be held next Friday. 将来 ?We plant many trees to make our city green. 目的 表达意义： 动词-ing ：主动, 进行, 性质； 动词-ed ：被动, 完成, 状态； to do：将来, 目的。 1、v-ing作非谓语动词 （1）作主语 Eg: Seeing is believing. Sending e-mail is increasingly popular. Ex. 2: 请用v-ing作主语，把以下句子翻译成英文。 1）说太多会给你带来麻烦。 _____________________________________________________________________ 2) 散步对老年人和年轻人来说都是一种好的运动形式。 _____________________________________________________________________ （2）作宾语 Eg: I couldn’t help crying when I heard the bad news. ★mind, suggest, delay, keep on, look forward to, enjoy, appreciate, imagine, practice, finish, succeed in, consider, can’t help, miss等动词用v-ing作宾语。 ★在表示“需要” 的need, want和require等后用v-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义, 也可用不定式的被动式。 Eg: This car needs repairing. Or: This car needs to be repaired. Ex. 3: 请把以下句子翻译成英文。 1）你介意独处吗？________________________________________________________
高考英语非谓语动词教学案 在做单选题，如果遇到非谓语动词，可以根据句中的搭配结构、非谓语的主被动形式和非谓语的“时态”三个角度，从语言的结构到语义由简单到复杂依次排选。 第一步：根据非谓语形式在句中可作的成分来分析空白处可填入的非谓语形式，看能否在不定式、分词和动名词几个形式之间先排除一个或几个。 非谓语动词在句中可作成分一览表 注：1).the 分词也可用作主语和宾语； 2).现在分词完成式不作定语。 1．非谓语形式作主语或宾语时，除“the 分词”外一般只能用不定式或动名词。其中不定式作介词的宾语时要使用“特殊疑问词 不定式”结构。 例如：1).It’s very kind of you to help us. 2).Fighting broke out between the South and the North. 3).The driver failed to see other cars at the moment . 4).Please show us how to do that. 2．作状语时，不定式表示目的以及so/as to do和(only)to do中的结果状语，其它状语都用分词来表示。 例如：1).To sleep late the next morning,he turned off the alarm clock. （“非谓语 主句”模式中，非谓语在句首而且由逗号与主句隔开，此句中的不定式只作目的状语；此时的分词表示时间、原因或条件状语，有时分词前可加when,while,if,before, after,as和though 等连词，如：①Given more attention,the trees could have grown better. ②When asked,never be silent.） 2).He came here only to say good-bye to us. （不定式在句中作目的状语时它前面不能用逗号） 3).He spoke a lot at the conference,only to show his ignorance on the topic. （不定式在主句之后，又有逗号与主句隔开时常用(only)to do形式表示出乎主语意料的结果） 第二步：在第一步的基础上从非谓语的主被动形式这个角度进行筛选。 1．非谓语用作主语或状语时，一般根据它们的逻辑主语来判断主被动形式的选用；若无逻辑主语，则以主句主语为判断对象。
非谓语动词学案 I.V-ing (现在分词/动名词) 注意： 1. V-ing的否定形式是由not 加V-ing构成。如： _______________________ his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait. 不知道他的地址，我只好在家里等着。 ________________________ made all of us angry. 他没来使我们大家都很生气。 2. V-ing的一般式和完成式： V-ing的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行的动作；完成式表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。如： Being a student, he is interested in books. 作为一个学生，他对书本很感兴趣。 Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为没有努力学习功课，他考试不及格。 3. V-ing的被动式： V-ing的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是V-ing动作的承受者。根据V-ing动作发生的时间，V-ing的被动式有一般被动式(being done)和完成被动式(having been done)。 如： The question _________________________ is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。 ___________________________ (criticize) by the teacher, he gave up smoking. 被老师批评以后，他把烟戒了。 二、V-ing的语法作用 V-ing分词一方面具有动词的性质，另一方面也相当于一个名词或形容词、副词，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等。 （一）V-ing（短语）作主语： _______________ is easier than doing. 说比做容易。注意：在下面两种结构中，V-ing分词也作主语。 ①为了保持句子平衡，通常用it作形式主语，而把真实主语放在句末。如： It is no use crying over spilt milk. 作无益的后悔是没有用的。 It's a waste of time _______________________________. 辩论这事是浪费时间。 ②在There is no结构中，通常用V-ing分词。如： There is no ____________________ about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。 2. V -ing作宾语： ①V–ing作动词宾语。如： I suggest _______________________________. 我建议用另一种方法做这件事。 ②V-ing作宾语也可用在复合宾语中作真正的宾语，而用it作形式宾语。如： I don’t think it possible living in such a cold place. 我认为住在这么寒冷的地方是不可能的。 Do you consider ___________________________? 你觉得再试一次会有好处吗？ ③V-ing作介词宾语，经常用在一些短语的后面。如： I'm against inviting him to dinner. 我反对邀请他来吃饭。 He went to London in the hope of ______________________________. 他去了伦敦，希望能成为一个著名的画家。 此类短语还有很多：look forward to（渴望，盼望）, be proud of（以……自豪）, be responsible for（对……负责）, insist on（坚持）, think of（考虑，想到）, dream of（梦想）, object to（反对，抗议）, hear of（听说）, prevent…from（防止，阻止）, keep…from （防止，阻止）, s top…from（防止，阻止）, be engaged in（从事于）, depend on（依靠，依赖）, thank…for（因……而道谢）, excuse…for（因……而道歉）, aim at（目的在于）, devote…to（献身于）, set about（着手做）, be/get used to（习惯于）, be fond of（喜欢）, be afraid of（害怕）, be tired of（对……厌烦）, succeed in（成功地做……）, be interested in（对……感兴趣）, be ashamed of（对……感到羞愧）等等。 注意：在有些句子中，介词常可省去。如： I have no difficulty (in) communicating with foreigners. 我在和外国人交谈方面没有什么困难。 What can prevent us (from) getting married? 有什么能阻止我们结婚？ 另外，V-ing可以和一些介词如in, on, after, against, before, by, for, without, besides等构成短语，在句中作状语。如： He left ahead of time ____________________________.他一句话也没说就提前离开了。_________________________________, she had to take care of four children. 除了做饭和缝纫(sew)以外，她还要照顾四个孩子。 只能用V-ing作宾语的动词及动词短语 1). advise, allow, avoid, admit, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, imagine, mind, miss, permit, practise, risk, suggest, dislike, appreciate
专题五非谓语动词 挖命题 分析解读非谓语动词是江苏高考必考内容,而非谓语动词作状语为考查的重点。试题的特征呈现出情景化、结构复杂化和设问角度多样化的趋势。相对于非谓语动词作状语,作定语也是比较重要的考点。近几年江苏高考英语试题中很少考查非谓语动词作主语、宾语、补语和表语,但掌握相关的知识对情景理解和句子结构分析还是很有必要的。 【真题典例】 破考点 【考点集训】 1.(2018江苏扬州高三上学期期末,31)With WeChat becoming more and more popular in China, we seem the art of chatting face to face. A.losing B.to be lost C.to be losing D.having lost 答案 C
2.(2018江苏无锡高三上学期期末,30)There was a very interesting remark in a book by an Englishman that I read recently what he thought was a reason for this American characteristic. A.giving B.to be given C.given D.having given 答案 A 3.(2018江苏常州一模,23)—When Americans objected to this, what did the British do? —They did not compromise, but increased control, away many of their rights, and soldiers there. A.taking;stationing B.taking;to station C.took;stationing D.took;to station 答案 A 4.(2018江苏苏锡常镇3月教学情况调研,23)The Lifelong Learning Programme to enable people to take part in learning experiences has taken off across Europe. A.having been designed B.being designed C.designed D.designing 答案 C 5.(2018江苏南京、盐城一模,28)White snow the small village after a big snowfall, tourists found themselves stepping into a fantastic fairyland. A.blanketing B.blanketed C.being blanketed D.to blanket 答案 A 6.(2018江苏海安中学高三下学期开学考试,29)In the film, the actor threw himself off the horse as if to death. A.shot B.shooting C.to be shot D.having shot 答案 A 7.(2018江苏苏北七市5月联考,29) to a pension and free medical care, senior citizens in our village are properly looked after and live happy lives. A.Entitling B.Being entitled C.Entitled D.Having entitled 答案 C 8.(2018江苏苏锡常镇5月教学情况调研,25)An app that rewards students for time away from their phones is being released in the UK. A.spending B.spent C.to spend D.spend 答案 B 9.(2017江苏南京、盐城二模,33) seven Golden Globes, the musical La La Land surprisingly does not appeal to Chinese viewers. A.Winning B.Won C.Having won D.To win 答案 C 10.(2017江苏镇江一模,28)Women deserve to be treated with dignity and they should make their voices in the world. A.heard B.having heard C.hearing D.to be heard