好题新练：Unit4 单元测试卷
Ⅰ．单项填空
1．—Would you mind answering some questions on shopping habits?
—______．
A．Yes，with great pleasure
B．No，I am afraid I can't make it
C．Yes，it is worth the time
D．No，as long as it doesn't take long
2．Finally，my thanks go to my tutor，who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper and______ every page of my draft．
A．approved B．quoted C．polished D．folded
3．—I don't know about you, but I'm sick and tired of this weather．
—______．I can't stand all this rain．
A．I don't care B．It's hard to say C．So am I D．I hope so
4．I can ______ the house being untidy, but I hate it if it's not clean．
A．come up with B．put up with C．turn to D．stick to
5．—Our holiday cost a lot of money．
—Did it? Well, that doesn't matter ______ you enjoyed yourselves．
A．so long as B．unless C．as soon as D．though
6．It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do ______ benefits our work most．
A．who B．which C．that D．what
7．It was ______ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across ______ night sky．
A．不填；a B．a；the C．the；a D．the；不填
8．______，confident students are more likely to succeed in their studies than those who are of little ambition．
A．In particular B．In the end
C．At the moment D．On the whole
9．We are often instructed that ______ we set up a goal, we should go all out to
achieve it．
A．on condition that B．in case
C．as far as D．so long as
10．Whatever you are, you must keep the law; otherwise, you must face the ______ of your illegal actions．
A．consequences B．stress
C．load D．pressure
11．So far large quantities of jewelry, dating from the Ming Period, ______ in the newly-uncovered tomb．
A．had been discovered B．has been discovered
C．have been discovered D．will be discovered
12．—How can I help my son do better in his studies?
—Praise and encourage him more and ______ his confidence．
A．pick up B．build up C．take up D．call up
13．Is ______ air pollution that brings about changes in the weather around the world?
A．it B．which C．this D．what
14．The recent air crash was a terrible ______ in which about seventy people died．
A．contribution B．phenomenon C．catastrophe D．commitment
15．Having prepared so well，there is no doubt ______we will be successful．A．if B．what C．that D．which
Ⅱ．完形填空
I started my first diary on December 5th,1975．It was a diary that I had__16__ as
a present．It took me about a year to fill this diary，__17__ after that one I gained more speed．Until today，I __18__ writing my diary on a regular basis．I __19__ carry a diary with me to write down my sudden emotion in daily life．I have had diaries in all kinds of __20__．The biggest diary was a book with 794 pages．I prefer hard-cover “sketch-books（素描簿）”without __21__．Only recently did I start using the 10×12 cm format，with which I am quite __22__．I like this kind of diary，and you can even
__23__ it in your pocket．
Through the years my writing style __24__ a lot．I experimented with different kinds of diaries．In my freshman year at the university I kept an account of（记叙）the things that happened at my dorm．__25__，I also wrote a diary about what happened to my friends，because I felt that by writing a personal diary I was thinking too much about myself．__26__ these diaries I would usually collect remarks in small note books，and a long time ago，I __27__ wrote some poetry．
I kept an account of all our preparations for our __28__，with the title “How we got married”．During our __29__ in China for our marriage，I wrote a diary about our __30__．
When my wife was pregnant （怀孕的），I started a diary for our __31__ children．The first part mentions that we __32__ the name Annabel，for we thought it would be a girl．It __33__ out that we were right to do so．Later，the __34__ thing happened for our second child，our son Andy．Also for __35__ we have been writing diaries．
16．A．sent B．bought C．destroyed D．received
17．A．or B．but C．because D．so
18．A．continue B．like C．finish D．mind
19．A．usually B．seldom C．hardly D．sometimes
20．A．prices B．shapes C．sizes D．colors
21．A．covers B．pages C．lines D．moods
22．A．funny B．happy C．lucky D．nervous
23．A．leave B．set C．take D．put
24．A．improved B．secondly C．softened D．changed
25．A．Therefore B．secondly C．Later D．Nevertheless
26．A．Except B．Besides C．Without D．For
27．A．also B．never C．still D．only
28．A．family B．work C．children D．marriage
29．A．visit B．honeymoon C．plan D．meeting
30．A．travels B．hotels C．growth D．business
31．A．growing B．crying C．sleeping D．coming
32．A．disliked B．picked C．created D．spelled
33．A．turned B．worked C．came D．pointed
34．A．different B．strange C．same D．disappointing
35．A．you B．her C．him D．me
Ⅲ．阅读理解
A
When Mark was 8，his third grade teacher announced a class spelling contest；the prize was attractive to him and he wanted to win the contest badly．
In honor of the spelling contest，Mark finally agreed to a haircut．Before he changed his mind，I quickly took him to the barbershop．I used to find various prizes，like a weekend trip or a new music CD，to get him there every time his hair was long．
“Make it a lu cky cut，”I instructed barber Joe．“Mark is competing in an important spelling contest next week．”
“Well，did you do your homework？”barber Joe asked．
“Yes，”Mark replied．
“Did you study hard？”barber Joe asked．
“Yes，”Mark replied．
“Do you have confidence？”barbe r Joe asked．
“Confidence．C-O-N-F-I-D-E-N-C-E．Confidence．A lot of people spell that word wrong，”Mark explained．
“Sure．You can spell it，”barber Joe responded．“But do you have it？You have got to have confidence in yourself，son．It's a winner's secret weapon（武器）．”
Mark won the spelling contest and got the prize—a free pizza lunch．And Mark never forgot barber Joe's words：“You have got to have confidence in yourself，son．It's a winner's secret weapon．”
Decades later，after becoming famous for his special design in buildings, Mark began receiving interview requests．When he discussed his design approach with one particular feature writer，the reporter asked him a question，“You're considered as a
special one in the world of architecture．When everyone around says it can't be done，what makes you think you can pull it off？”
After thinking a bit，Mark replied，“Confidence．After I've done my homework，and studied my idea from every possible angle，if I still see it then I know the only thing standing between me and success is confidence．It's a winner's secret weapon．”
36．What can we infer about little Mark from the passage?
A．He didn't take his study seriously．
B．He didn't like to have his hair cut．
C．He was not good at spelling．
D．He was a kid with few hobbies or interests．
37．What was the prize for the winner of the spelling contest?
A．A new music CD．
B．A free haircut．
C．A free weekend trip．
D．A free pizza lunch．
38．What does Mark do now?
A．An architect．B．An engineer．
C．A barber．D．A reporter．
39．From the passage，we can learn ______．
A．the author was worried about Mark's study
B．the barber's words have influenced Mark greatly
C．Mark stopped doing his homework to prepare for the spelling contest
D．Mark turned to many people for help to succeed in the spelling contest
40．The passage is written to ______．
A．honor a person who influences Mark greatly
B．prove the great power of others' encouragement
C．say a person needs confidence to succeed
D．say childhood experience can greatly affect a person
B
In 2008 and 2009 I published two articles researching a lull（停歇）in solar
activity．At the time，there appeared to be some disagreement among scientists as to what effect this might have on human-caused global warming．Now climate scientists agree a less active sun won't have much of an effect．
According to the reports from the IPCC，global climate is expected to warm between 4 and 10 degrees Fahrenheit by the year 2100．On the other hand，scientists show that the reduction in radioactive forcing（辐射力）due to low solar activity would reduce world temperature half a degree F if the lull in solar activity lasted until the end of the 21st century．
It is highly unlikely the current lull in solar activity would have such a long period．“It is more likely that a new lull in solar activity wou ld reduce the global temperature average of 0．2 Celsius by the end of 2100，”commented Professor Stefan Rahmstorf，who was responsible for a study of a lull in solar activity effects on climate at the Institute for Research on the Impacts of Climate Change in Potsdam．In short，this small forcing is likely to have little，if any，observable effect on human-caused global warming，at most reducing the temperature increase to between 3．5 and 9．5 degrees F．The reason for the small effect on temperature is due to the fact that the difference between solar activity highs and lows changes solar output by less than one half of one percent．So the difference in the amount of energy coming out of the sun between solar highs and lows isn't very large．The result is that the human forcing on climate is many times larger than that caused by any natural difference in the sun．
Generally if human-caused climate change isn't controlled it can't be stopped by natural changes in the sun．
41．What once caused the argument among scientists?
A．The reduction in world temperature．
B．That humans are responsible for global warming．
C．That humans are stronger than nature．
D．Whether the lull in solar activity has effect on human-caused global warming．
42．According to scientists，world temperature would fall a little if ______．
A．less CO2 is given off
B．more trees are planted
C．radioactive forcing becomes strong
D．the lull in solar activity lasts a long period
43．What can we learn from the passage?
A．The author is expert at writing science fiction．
B．The current lull in solar activity will last very long．
C．The power of humans is stronger than the sun on global warming．
D．The IPCC reported that world temperature would fall greatly．
44．What do the underlined words“climate change”refer to?
A．The flood．
B．Global warming．
C．The earthquake．
D．Global environmental change．
45．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．The effect of global warming．
B．An argument among scientists．
C．That humans are a cause of global warming．
D．That a less active sun cannot stop global warming．
Ⅳ．七选五阅读
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Finding your dream job can be difficult．This month, the search will become even harder as new graduates start looking for work．With many companies still struggling, job hunters have a very difficult task ahead of them．
Don't be disappointed．__46__ Consider using these three methods to find and get the job of your dreams．
The Front Door
__47__ These include checking company websites and employment services．Since lots of people use the front door，make yourself stand out．This means
understanding what a company really needs and creatively showing you can meet that need．__48__Find out who is doing the hiring，and try to give them your resume（简历）in person．Then follow up with a phone call，letter or visit．
The Back Door
A back-door job search means finding a job through people you know．The back door can help you avoid the crowd of job applicants using the front door．__49__ What if you don't have any connections at your dream company？Apply for an internship（实习期）．
The Invisible Door
If you're still not getting hired，you might be running into an invisible（无形的）door．Invisible doors are things companies want from new employees but don't list as job requirements．Many companies have special company cultures．Others are looking for people with very specific skills．__50__
It's not always easy to find a good job．But with a little work，a door will open!
A．Using the front door is convenient．
B．Create your own back door．
C．This type of job search uses traditional ways of getting hired．
D．If you aren't showing you are a perfect fit，you won't get hired．
E．There are still jobs out there for those who know what to look for．
F．But you still need to work hard to show you are the best person for the job．G．Read about each company you apply to．
Ⅴ．短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My neighbor Mrs Li is a curious lady．Yesterday morning，a mailman rang my doorbell．Hear the bell，Mrs Li put her head out of the windows immediately and asked in a loud voice，“What's the matter？”“Are you Li Xia？There's package for you，”answer the man．“Where is it come from？”Mrs Li asked．“It's from London．”Then Mrs Li asked the mailman to open it．Feeling puzzling，he replied that he couldn't open the package and asked Mrs Li to come down and open it herself．Mrs Li refused polite．The mailman was a little bit angry but asked impatiently，“Why？”“Because I'm not Li Xia．She lives next door．I played a joke of you．”
Ⅵ．书面表达
全球变暖是一个全世界都在关注的话题，人们采取各种措施减少二氧化碳的排放，并参加各种活动来宣传环保的重要性。上周日你所在城市举办了以“The Earth Is Our Only Home”为主题的活动，请你根据下列提示，用英语写一篇短文。
1．上周日在人民广场举行了此次活动；
2．志愿者号召人们节约能源，如少开私家车、节约用水等等；
3．一些有趣的环保小发明吸引了大家的注意。
要求：
1．词数：100左右；
2．文章应该包括上述要点中的所有信息，但不必逐条翻译；
3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考答案
Ⅰ.
1. 答案：D解析：考查日常交际用语。根据语境“关于购物习惯你介意回答几个问题吗？”可知选D项“只要不花费很长时间就不介意”。A项意为“介意，十分愿意”；B项意为“不介意，恐怕我做不到”；C项意为“介意，很值得花这个时间”，均是前后文矛盾。
2.答案：C解析：考查动词辨析。句意：最后，我要向我的导师表示感谢，他为我的论文提供了很多建议和意见，并为我的草稿的每一页都进行了润色。approve“支持，赞同”；quote“引用，引述”；polish“修改，润色”；fold“折叠，对折”。
3.答案：C解析：考查交际用语。句意：——我不知道你怎样，我可是烦透了这样的鬼天气。——我也是。我不能忍受这样的下雨天。根据句意可知说话者双方都不喜欢那样的天气，因此选用“So am I”的倒装形式表示和第一人情况一样。I don't care．“我不在乎。”；It's hard to say．“很难说。”；I hope so．“我希望如此。”
4. 答案：B解析：句意：房间不整洁我可以忍受，但我讨厌它脏兮兮的。put up with“容忍”；come up with“想出”；turn to“转向”；stick to“坚持”。
5. 答案：A解析：后半句句意：只要你玩得开心，花多少钱并不重要。so long as“只要”；unless“除非”；as soon as“一……就”；though“虽然”。
6.答案：C解析：考查强调句式。It is/was＋被强调内容＋that＋句子其余成分。
7.答案：B解析：考查冠词。句意：这是寒冷的冬日的一个夜晚，皎洁的月光照亮了夜空。第一个空为泛指，故用不定冠词a；第二个空为特指，表示“这个夜晚的天空”，故用定冠词the。
8. 答案：D解析：句意：总的来说，自信的学生在学习上比那些没有远大志向的学生更有可能成功。on the whole“总的来说”，符合句意。
9.答案：D解析：句意：我们经常被教导只要我们树立了目标就应该全力以赴地达成目标。on condition that“条件是……”；in case“以防”；as far as“据……，远至……”；so long as“只要”。
10. 答案：A解析：face/take/suffer the consequences of sth．“承担某事的后
果”。
11. 答案：C解析：当quantities of＋名词作主语时，不管名词是复数还是不可数谓语动词都要用复数形式。
12.答案：B解析：答语句意：多对孩子表扬和鼓励，增强他的自信。pick up“捡起，收听，学会，好转等”；take up“从事，举起，占据等”；call up“打电话，使……回忆起”，都不合句意。因此答案为build up“增强/进，逐步建立”。
13. 答案：A解析：句意：是空气污染带来全球天气的变化吗？结合句意可知，本句应为强调句，所缺成分为强调结构中的it。
14.答案：C解析：句意：最近（发生的）那次空难真是一场可怕的大灾难，大约七十人在这次空难中丧生。catastrophe “大灾难”，符合句意。contribution“贡献”；phenomenon“现象”；commitment“承诺”。
15. 答案：C解析：句意为“准备得这么好，毫无疑问我们会成功的”。There is no d oubt that... “毫无疑问……”。
Ⅱ.
16.答案：D解析：根据下文的“... as a present．It took me about a year to fill this diary... ”可知，作者收到了一个日记本作为礼物。
17.答案：B解析：根据“It took me about a year to fill this diary，______after that one I gained more speed．”可知，空前面说花了一年的时间来写满第一本日记，空后面提到写日记的速度加快了，这是一种转折关系。
18. 答案：A解析：根据下文作者用日记记录着他的婚礼和孩子的出生可知，这里强调作者写日记的延续性，即直到现在作者一直在写日记。
19. 答案：A解析：根据下文的“... to write down my sudden emotion in daily life．”可知，作者经常随身携带日记本来记录在日常生活中的突发情感。
20. 答案：C解析：根据下文的“The biggest diary was a book with 794 pages．... I start using the 10×12 cm format... ”可知，作者最大的日记本有794页，最近他也开始用10×12 cm的小日记本，由此可知，作者的日记本有大有小，尺寸不一。
21. 答案：C解析：根据上文“I prefer hard-cover‘sketch-books’... ”可知，作者喜欢精装的没有横线的素描簿。
22.答案：B解析：根据下文的“I like this kind of diary，and you can even
______it in your pocket．”可知，作者很喜欢这个日记本，带着它就会很开心。
23.答案：D解析：根据上文的“I start using the 10×12 cm format... ”可知，这个日记本很小，甚至可以被放在口袋里。
24.答案：D解析：根据下文的“... I kept an account of the things that happened at my dorm ... I ______ wrote some poetry．”可知，作者从记叙性地描写身边发生的事到写诗，即作者的写作风格在发生改变。
25. 答案：C解析：此空与上句的“In my freshman year at the university... ”相对应，讲刚上大学时喜欢记录发生在寝室的事，之后就记录身边的朋友。
26. 答案：B解析：此处表示作者除了写日记以外，还收集评论。
27.答案：A解析：很久以前作者也写诗。
28.答案：D解析：根据下文的“... with the title ‘How we got married’．”可知，作者记录了他婚礼的所有准备工作。
29.答案：B解析：根据下文的“... for our marriage... ”可知，他们是去度蜜月了。
30.答案：A解析：作者写了一本日记记录他们的蜜月旅行。
31.答案：D解析：当作者的妻子怀孕时，作者开始为他们即将到来的孩子写日记。
32.答案：B解析：这里指作者和妻子两人为即将诞生的宝宝挑选名字。
33.答案：A解析：根据上下文的“... the name Annabel，for we thought it would be a girl ... that we were right to do so．”可知，他们确实生了个女儿，结果证明他们是对的。
34.答案：C解析：根据下文可知同样的事发生在他们第二个孩子——他们的儿子安迪身上，由此确定答案。
35.答案：C解析：根据上下文的“... for our second child，our son Andy... we have been writing diaries．”可知，作者为他的儿子写日记。
Ⅲ.
A
36.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“Before he changed his mind，
I quickly took him to the barbershop．I used to find various prizes，like a weekend trip or a new music CD，to get him there every time his hair was long．”可推知，马克不
喜欢理发。
37.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Mark won the spelling contest and got the prize — a free pizza lunch．”可知，拼写比赛获胜的奖品是一顿免费的比萨午餐。
38.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“... after becoming famous for his special design in buildings... ”和“You're considered as a special one in the world of architecture．”可知，马克现在是建筑师。
39. 答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，马克的成功是因为有自信，而这句话恰好是他儿时那位理发师说的，由此可推出，理发师的话对马克影响很大。
40.答案：C解析：主旨大意题。根据马克童年参加一次拼写比赛的经历，以及长大成为著名的建筑师之后接受采访时说的话可知，文章是在说“成功的秘诀是要有信心”。
B
41答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“... researching a lull in solar activity．At the time，there appeared to be some disagreement among scientists as to what effect this might have on human-caused global warming．”可知，科学家曾经对太阳活动的停歇是否会对全球变暖有影响产生过争论。
.42.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“... scientists show that the reduction in radioactive forcing due to low solar activity would reduce world temperature half a degree F if the lull in solar activity lasted until the end of the 21st century．”可知，只要太阳活动的停歇能够持续到21世纪末，世界温度就会降低0.5华氏温度。
43.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“The result is that the human forcing on climate is many times larger than that caused by any natural difference in the sun．”可知，在对气候的影响上，人类的力量要比太阳的大很多。
44.答案：B解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段的“In short，this small forcing is likely to have little，if any，observable effect on human-caused global warming... ”可知，太阳活动的停歇对地球变暖的趋势没有明显的影响，由此可判断画线词指
代“全球变暖”。
45.答案：D解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了太阳活动的停歇对地球变暖趋势的影响是很微小的。
Ⅳ.
答案：46～50 ECGFD
Ⅴ.
答案：
第二句：my→her
第三句：Hear→Hearing
第三句：windows→window
第四句：package前加a；answer→answered
第五句：is→does或去掉come
第八句：puzzling→puzzled
第九句：polite→politely
第十句：but→and
第十三句：of→on
Ⅵ．
答案：
The Earth Is Our Only Home
Global warming is becoming a serious problem throughout the world．People have realized that it is time for us to do something．So many measures are being taken to prevent carbon dioxide from going into the air and many activities are also held to call on people to protect our earth．
An activity called “The Earth Is Our Only Home” was held on People's Square last Sunday．The volunteers called on the public to try our best to protect the earth and save energy．As ordinary people，we should help by saving water and electricity in our life and，if possible，avoid driving to reduce air pollution．During the activity some environmentally-friendly inventions drew people's attention，with which we can use less energy in our life．
选修六 Unit 1 1.adj. 现实主义的；逼真的；现实的 2.adj. 抽象的；深奥的n. 摘要 3.n. 雕塑 4.n. 雕刻家；雕塑家 5.n. 美术陈列室；画廊 6.n. 信任；信心；信念 7.adv. 忠实地 8.adv. 所以；因而 9.n. 目标；目的vi. & vt. 瞄准；（向某方向）努力 10.adj. 常规的；传统的；因循守旧的 11.adj. 典型的；有代表性的 12.adj. 明显的；明白的 13.n. 新生；复兴；复活 14.vt. 采用；采纳；收养 15.adj. 人道主义的 16.vt. 拥有；具有；支配 17.n. （尤作复数）所有；财产 18.adj. 卓越的；杰出的；极好的 19.n. 透视画法；透视图；观点 20.n. 技术；方法；技能 21.n. 巧合（的事）；（事情、口味、故事等）相合 22.巧合地 23.n. 杰作；名著 24.n. 印象主义；印象派 25.adj. 印象派的 n.印象派艺术家 26.adj. 后印象派的n. 后印象派艺术家 27.大量28.n. 阴影；影子 29.adj. 荒谬的；可笑的 30.adj. 争论的；争议的 31.n. 努力；尝试；企图vt. 尝试；企图 32.（可是）另一方面 33.vt. 预言；预告；预测 34.n. 风景；景色 35.adj. 确切的；特定的 36.n. 画像；身材；数字 37.n. 黏土 38.n. 评论家；批评者 39.n. 青铜；青铜色；青铜制艺术品 40.n. 大理石 41.vt. 雕刻；刻记 42.adj. 脆弱的；容易生病的；精致的 43.n. 帆布；画布 44.n. 咖啡馆；小餐馆 45.adj. 过敏性的；对……过敏的 46.adv. 有效地 47.n. 展览；陈列；展览会 48.adj.敢做敢为的;侵略的；好斗的 49.n. 学者 50.n. 肉；肌肉；肉体 51.活着的；本人 52.n. 几何学 53.n. 束；串 54.n. 林荫道；道路；大街 55.n. 喜爱；偏爱
选修6 Unit 1 Art-Reading A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD. The Middle Ages (5th to the 15th century AD) During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. The Renaissance (15th to 16th century) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values graduallv replaced those held in the Middle Ages.People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess t heir own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the roles of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. Impressionism (late 19th to early 20th century) In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal. from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes. Naturally, these changes also led to new painting styles. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.
Unit 1Art Grammar Ⅰ.句型转换 1.I wasn’t there when the excellent speech was given.I learned nothing from it. →If when the excellent speech was given, I would have learned much from it. 2.Zhang Peng doesn’t want to live in Shanghai in the future, so he can see his parents very often. →If Zhang Peng in Shanghai in the future, he wouldn’t be able to see his parents very often. 3.With modern telecommunications, we don’t have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world. →If there were no modern telecommunications, we for weeks to get news from around the world. 4.He was very busy yesterday.Therefore, he didn’t attend the party. →He was very busy yesterday. Otherwise he the party. 5.He is good at his work now, and he has got a higher position. →If he his work now, he wouldn’t get a higher position. Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.If I (have) a chance to try it, I (do) it in another way. 2.—Shall we take the 10:30 train, darling? —No.If we took that train, we (arrive) too late. 3.If I (be) you, I (take) her suggestion into account. 4.To tell the truth, if it were not for the fact that you (be) my daughter, I would not take such pains to serve you. 5.But for your help, I (fail) in the experiment. Ⅲ.句型训练 1.If (没有电), what would happen? 2.If you (邀请他来这儿) tomorrow, I would also come. 3.Without music, the world (将会是一个枯燥的地方). 4.If (天要下雨的话) soon, the crops would be saved. 5.If (我年轻十岁), I would start again from the beginning.
西方绘画艺术简史 艺术是受一个民族的风俗和信仰影响。西方艺术风格经历了多次变革。因为西方艺术多种多样，在短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描述。因此，本书只谈及从公元六世纪开始以来最重要的几种艺术风格。 中世纪(5到15世纪) 在中世纪时期,画家的主要目的是把宗教主题表现出来。这一时期传统的艺术家无意于如实地展现自然和人物。这时的典型绘画充满了宗教的特征，体现出了对上帝的爱戴和敬重。但是，13世纪时绘画观念在改变是显而易见的，像乔托这样的画家开始以一种更现实的方式来画宗教场景。 文艺复兴时期（15世纪到16世纪） 在文艺复兴时期,新的思想和价值观逐渐取代了中世纪的思想和价值观。人们开始较少关注宗教主题而采取一种更人性化的生活态度。同时画家们回到罗马、希腊的古典艺术理念上。他们力争如实画出人物和自然。富人们想拥有自己的艺术品，这样就可以装饰自己的高级宫殿和豪宅。他们出价聘请著名艺术家不仅让他们画他们的活动和成就，还要他们画自己的肖像、房子和所有物。 在此期间，最重要的发现之一就是如何用透视法来画出事务。这一手法是1428年由马萨乔第一次使用的。当人们第一次看到他的画时，还以为是透过墙上的小洞来观看真实的场景，并对此深信不疑。如果没有发现透视法，就没有人能画出如此逼真的画。巧合的是，这一时期油画颜料也得到了发展，使得绘画的色彩看上去更丰富、更深沉。没有新的颜料和新的手法，我们就不能看到很多使这一时期著名的杰作。 印象派(19世纪后期到20世纪初期) 19世纪后期，欧洲发生了巨大的变化，从以农业为主的社会转变成了以工业为主的社会。许多人从农村迁入到新城市。有许多新发明和社会变革。这些变革也自然地促成了新的绘画风格。在那些突破传统画法的画家中有生活和工作在法国巴黎的印象派画家。 印象派画家是第一批室外写景的画家。他们急切地想把一天中不同时间投射到物体上的光线和阴影呈现出来。然而由于自然光的变化很快，印象派画家们必须很快地作画，因此，他们的画就不像以前那些画家们的画那样细致了。起初，很多人不喜欢这种画法，甚至还怒不可遏。他们说这些画家作画时漫不经心，粗枝大叶，而他们的作品更是荒谬可笑。 现代艺术(20世纪到今天) 在印象派作品的创建初期，他们是存在着争议的，但是如今已经被人们接受而成为我们现在所说的“现代艺术”的始祖了。这是因为印象派鼓励画家用一种崭新的视角看待他们的环境。如今，现代艺术风格有好几十种，然而如果没有印象派，那么这许多不同的风格也许就不可能存在。一方面，有些现代艺术是抽象的，也就是说，画家并不打算把我们眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来，而是集中展现物体的某些品质特征，用色彩、线条和形状把它们呈现出来。而另一方面，有些现代派的艺术作品却是那么真实，看上去就像是照片。这些风格如此不同。谁能预言将来会有什么样的绘画风格？
Unit 1 Art 一. 单词拼写（须用本单元的单词和词汇） 1. The word “honesty” is an a____________ noun. 2. Which do you like better, his paintings or s______________？ 3. There are many art g_____________ in New York. 4. They are put on an e______________ of French paintings next week. 5. An a________________ country is always ready to start a war 6. His a_______ is to be a successful writer. 7. You’ll soon be c____________ that she is right , though you think not now. 8. The prisoners a___________ to escape, but failed. 9. The keys are in the p________________ of the boss. 10. She was the f__________ of everyone’s attention at the party.
11. In the picture the tree is the s__________ of life while the snake stands for evil. 12. He has lost his b____________ in the God. 13. The expert p____that there will be an earthquake in that area in the near future. 14. He made a r__________ drawing of a horse. (他画了一匹栩栩如生的马) 15. I’m afraid I have never been much of a ________________(学者). 16. You look r_______________ (可笑的)in those tight jeans. 17. The professor made a ______________ speech. ( 可能引起争议的) 18. Was Johnson _________ （同时代的）with Shakespeare ？ 19. Would you please let me know your p_______________ address( 固定地址 ) 20. White has been always a ______(象征) of purity (纯洁) in Western cultures. 21. The government is ______ (目的) at a 50% reduction in
高中英语选修6 Unit 1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones. Starting from the sixth century AD. The Middle Ages(5th to the 15th century AD) During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. The Renaissance(15th to 16th century) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. Impressionism(late 19h to early 20th century) In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal, from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes also led to new painting styles. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris. The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors. They were eager to show how light and shadow fell on objects at different times of day. However, because natural light changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly. Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters. At first, many people disliked this style of painting and became very angry about it. They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous. Modern Art(29th century to today) At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they are accepted as the beginning of what we call "modern art". This is because the
选修六知识点 -----高二英语备课组 Unit 1 Art 1.achieve one’s aim 实现某人的目标without one’s aim 漫无目标的 with the aim of 意在…，以…为目标aim at doing sth /aim to do sth 意欲，力求做某事 be aimed at (doing) sth.目的在于…，旨在… 2.be typical of……是特有的，是典型的… E.g. It’s typical of him to forget. 3.be possessed of sth. 具有（某种品质或特征）be possessed with/by 被…控制 take the possession of sth 占有某物，拿到某物 in possession of /in the possession of 归…所有（用法与in charge of & in the charge of相同） 4.a great deal 大量（a great deal of 修饰不可数名词） 5.make an attempt to do/at doing sth 尝试做…at one’s first attempt 第一次尝试 in an attempt to do sth 试图做某事attempt to do/ at doing sth 尝试做某事 6. on the one hand…on the other hand （般指两个相反或相对的方面）一方面…另一方面 for one thing ..for another thing…常陈述情况一致的两个方面，用于解释原因，表列举 7.be worth doing = be worthy of being done = be worthy to be done 值得做… be well worth doing sth.（主动表被动）It’s worthwhile to do/doing sth. 值得做… 8.have/lose faith in 对某人信任/失去对某人的信任 9.keep one’s figure 保持身材have a good figure 身材苗条figure out 算出，解决，理解 10. would rather do ..than…= would do …rather than… I would rather go on foot than take a bus.= I would go on foot rather than take a bus. 11. in preference to 优先于have a preference for 更喜欢… 12.appeal to (对某人)有吸引力；（使某人）感兴趣appeal for 恳求/呼吁… 13 win/earn reputation 赢得名声have a reputation for 以…而闻名. establish reputation 建立名誉 a good /bad reputation 好/坏名声 live up to one’s reputation 名不虚传…不负盛名… 14.动词不定式作后置定语： 1.用在序数词、形容词最高级后. E.g. He is the first to come here. 2.用在被序数词、形容词最高级、next、last、only等修饰的名词后. Eg. The best way to solve the problem is to make a plan. 15.more than + 数词表示“多于，超过”I have taught English more than 15 years. more than + 名词表示“不仅仅”The museum displays more than the visual delights of art. more than + 动词/形容词/副词表示“非常”I’m more than pleased to help you . more than + 句子表示“超过…的能力范围”The beauty is more than I can describe. 16. 句型what is known to us all is that…= it is known to us all that …= As is known to us all, … 17. 短语：It was evident that…很显然…It is predicted that …据预测…concentrate..on 集中，全神贯注于in perspective 用透视画法by coincidence 巧合地break away from 挣脱，脱离scores of 许多.in the flesh 活着的，亲自，本人 every two years= every second year = every other year 每2年be allergic to 对…过敏 be well worth a visit 很值得参观to be specific 具体地说be specific to 特有的；独特的attitude to/towards 对…的态度convince sb of sth /that…使某人相信… Unit 2 Poems 1．convey sth to sb 向某人表达/传递某物convey sb/sth from A to B把…从A地运送到B地2.take one’s time 不急，慢慢来take sth seriously 认真对待某事 take sth for granted 认为…理所应当 3.run out of 用完了…表示主动意义，run out …用完了，主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等We are running out of the money. = The money is running out. (钱快要用完了) 4.be made up of=be composed of =consist of由……组成
选修六 Unit 1 △realistic adj. 现实主义的；逼真的；现实的abstract adj. 抽象的；深奥的n. 摘要 sculpture n. 雕塑 △sculptor n. 雕刻家；雕塑家 gallery n. 美术陈列室；画廊 faith n. 信任；信心；信念 faithfully adv. 忠实地 △consequently adv. 所以；因而 aim n. 目标；目的vi. & vt. 瞄准；（向某方向）努力 conventional adj. 常规的；传统的；因循守旧的typical adj. 典型的；有代表性的 evident adj. 明显的；明白的 △Giotto di Bondone 乔托（意大利画家、雕刻家、建 筑师） △renaissance n. 新生；复兴；复活 △the Renaissance 文艺复兴（时期） adopt vt. 采用；采纳；收养 △humanistic adj. 人道主义的 possess vt. 拥有；具有；支配 possession n. （尤作复数）所有；财产 superb adj. 卓越的；杰出的；极好的 △perspective n. 透视画法；透视图；观点technique n. 技术；方法；技能 △Masaccio 马萨乔（意大利画家） coincidence n. 巧合（的事）；（事情、口味、故事 等）相合 by coincidence 巧合地 △masterpiece n. 杰作；名著 △impressionism n. 印象主义； 印象派△impressionist adj. 印象派的n. 印象派艺术家 △post-impressionist adj. 后印象派的n. 后印象派 艺术家 a great deal 大量 shadow n. 阴影；影子 ridiculous adj. 荒谬的；可笑的 controversial adj. 争论的；争议的 attempt n. 努力；尝试；企图vt. 尝试；企图 on the other hand (可是)另一方面 predict vt. 预言；预告；预测 △landscape n. 风景；景色 specific adj. 确切的；特定的 figure n. 画像；身材；数字 clay n. 黏土 △critic n. 评论家；批评者 △bronze n. 青铜；青铜色；青铜制艺术品 marble n. 大理石 △Mona Lisa 蒙娜丽莎（达芬奇所作的一幅著名肖像 画） △Leonardo da Vinc i 列奥纳多?达?芬奇（意大利著名 画家） carve vt. 雕刻；刻记 delicate adj. 脆弱的；容易生病的；精致的 △Michelangelo 米开朗基罗（意大利文艺复兴雕刻家、 画家、建筑师和诗人） △canvas n. 帆布；画布 △Picasso 毕加索（西班牙画家） cafén. 咖啡馆；小餐馆 allergic adj. 过敏性的；对……过敏的 △effectively adv. 有效地 exhibition n. 展览；陈列；展览会 aggressive adj. 敢作敢为的；侵略的；好斗的 scholar n. 学者 flesh n. 肉；肌肉；肉体 in the flesh 活着的；本人 △Matisse 马蒂斯（法国画家） geometry n. 几何学 bunch n. 束；串 △ Manhattan n. 曼哈顿岛；曼哈顿区（纽约市中心） avenue n. 林荫道；道路；大街 preference n. 喜爱；偏爱 △Guggenheim Museum 古根海姆博物馆 △display vt. 展示；陈列；显露 appeal vi. 有感染力；呼吁；求助vt. 将……上诉 n. 呼吁；恳求 appeal to （对某人）有吸引力；（使某人）感兴趣 fragile adj. 精细的；易碎的；脆弱的 △circular adj. 圆形的；环形的；循环的 △metropolitan adj. 主要都市的；大城市的 reputation n. 名声；名誉 civilization n. 文明；文化；文明社会 Egypt n. 埃及（东北非国家） Egyptian adj. 埃及的；埃及人的 visual adj. 视觉的；看得见的 fragrant adj. 香的；令人愉快的 △Monet 莫奈（法国画家） △Whitney 惠特尼 △Madison n. 麦迪逊 contemporary adj. 当代的； 同时代的 permanent adj. 永久的；持久的 district n. 区；区域；行政区 committee n. 委员会 signature n. 署名；签字 Unit 2 △poetry n. 诗（总称）；诗意 tick vt. 给……标记号
艺术是受一个民族的风俗和信仰影响。西方艺术风格经历了多次变革。因为西方艺术多种多样，在短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描述。因此，本书只谈及从公元六世纪开始以来最重要的几种艺术风格。 中世纪(5到15世纪) 在中世纪时期,画家的主要目的是把宗教主题表现出来。这一时期传统的艺术家无意于如实地展现自然和人物。这时的典型绘画充满了宗教的特征，体现出了对上帝的爱戴和敬重。但是，13世纪时绘画观念在改变是显而易见的，像乔托这样的画家开始以一种更现实的方式来画宗教场景。 文艺复兴时期（15世纪到16世纪） 在文艺复兴时期,新的思想和价值观逐渐取代了中世纪的思想和价值观。人们开始较少关注宗教主题而采取一种更人性化的生活态度。同时画家们回到罗马、希腊的古典艺术理念上。他们力争如实画出人物和自然。富人们想拥有自己的艺术品，这样就可以装饰自己的高级宫殿和豪宅。他们出价聘请著名艺术家不仅让他们画他们的活动和成就，还要他们画自己的肖像、房子和所有物。 在此期间，最重要的发现之一就是如何用透视法来画出事务。这一手法是1428年由马萨乔第一次使用的。当人们第一次看到他的画时，还以为是透过墙上的小洞来观看真实的场景，并对此深信不疑。如果没有发现透视法，就没有人能画出如此逼真的画。巧合的是，这一时期油画颜料也得到了发展，使得绘画的色彩看上去更丰富、更深沉。没有新的颜料和新的手法，我们就不能看到很多使这一时期著名的杰作。 印象派(19世纪后期到20世纪初期) 19世纪后期，欧洲发生了巨大的变化，从以农业为主的社会转变成了以工业为主的社会。许多人从农村迁入到新城市。有许多新发明和社会变革。这些变革也自然地促成了新的绘画风格。在那些突破传统画法的画家中有生活和工作在法国巴黎的印象派画家。 印象派画家是第一批室外写景的画家。他们急切地想把一天中不同时间投射到物体上的光线和阴影呈现出来。然而由于自然光的变化很快，印象派画家们必须很快地作画，因此，他们的画就不像以前那些画家们的画那样细致了。起初，很多人不喜欢这种画法，甚至还怒不可遏。他们说这些画家作画时漫不经心，粗枝大叶，而他们的作品更是荒谬可笑。 现代艺术(20世纪到今天) 在印象派作品的创建初期，他们是存在着争议的，但是如今已经被人们接受而成为我们现在所说的“现代艺术”的始祖了。这是因为印象派鼓励画家用一种崭新的视角看待他们的环境。如今，现代艺术风格有好几十种，然而如果没有印象派，那么这许多不同的风格也许就不可能存在。一方面，有些现代艺术是抽象的，也就是说，画家并不打算把我们眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来，而是集中展现物体的某些品质特征，用色彩、线条和形状把它们呈现出来。而另一方面，有些现代派的艺术作品却是那么真实，看上去就像是照片。这些风格如此不同。谁能预言将来会有什么样的绘画风格？
Unit1 课内练习答案（P3Ex.1） P3Ex.3 1F2T3T4T5T6T P4Ex.1 1superb2aim3ridiculous4faith5evident 6conventional7gallery8abstract9technique10sculpture P4Ex.2 possess a great deal By coincidence adopt attempted On the other hand predict 详解： 翻译：《这些作品是凡高的真迹吗？》最受欢迎的艺术风格在西方国家就是印象派，许多人想拥有一幅印象派作品并且不惜花巨资去买一幅，巧合的事是，一些采用印象派画法的画家也可以画出不为人知的“杰作”，有一位画家，奥托?沃森，用凡高的风格作画并且迅速赚了很多钱，许多评论家都觉得它是凡高的真迹，一方面，一些评论家发现了，另一方面，一些评论家好奇是否有许多“杰作”被挂在画廊上，一位膜拜凡高作品的人说：“如果这种杰作的数量超过200，我也不会惊奇.”于是有人预言下一幅“杰作”在什么地方什么地点会被发现？ P5Ex.2 1W2F3W4F 5.If he had right to choose his holiday,he would go to Mexico. 6.If I were not allergic to shellfish,I would enjoy eating them. 7.If the marble statue were not big for her garden,the housewife would
8.If we knew more about the disease,we would be able to treat the patients very effectively. P5Ex.3 1were would make2were would be3were would be 4could would paint5were would help6could take 7knew would send8could9were would be 10would come could P7Ex.2
Part 1 INTRODUCTION, VOCABULARY AND READING, FUNCTION, READING AND LISTENING, READING AND WRITING & READING AND VOCABULARY I. 选用方框内合适的单词并用其正确形式填空（每个单词限用一次）。 1. That athlete's ________ is “Will is power”. 2. Keller is ________ about making predictions for the success of the program. 3. There followed a(n) ________ silence while we all tried to think of something to say. 4. Though there are a number of ________, the project will still go ahead. 5. I'll have another ________ to visit the exhibition next year. 6. Jack, stop _______ over the failure of the test. Try to do better next time. 7. Teenage years cover a period in which people become ________ physically and emotionally. 8. Please give us ________ warning of any changes to the plan. II. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 1. She complained to the company about its awful service and they sent her a written ________ (apologise).