情态动词全解析
一、何谓“情态动词”
情态动词主要用来表示说话人的情感、态度等，是中学英语语法的重点，也是高考的热点，是单项填空必考的一个知识点。情态动词在近五年高考中主要考查四点：情态动词表示推测和可能性的用法；情态动词与虚拟语气；情态动词的表达“情感、态度、语气等”，情态动词表示“必要性”等方面的用法。
二、情态动词的特点
1.没有人称和数的变化。
2. 有些情态动词有过去式的变化:
. will → would , can → could , may→ might , dare → dared
三、情态动词的否定形式
情态动词+ not +动词原形can not: can't , must not: mustn't , need not : needn't
四、情态动词的用法及相互间的区别（注意：这是常考的考点）
1. can , be able to be able to 表示经过努力后, 能够做到; be able to 有多种形式的变化。can
1). 表示体力或脑力方面的能力;
2). 表示允许、可能性。
could 是can的过去式, 表示过去有能力及过去存在的可能性; 用于疑问句表示委婉地提出问题。
1) The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ____ get out.
A. had to
B. would
C. could
D. was able to
2) -Will you stay for lunch
-Sorry, __. My brother is coming to see me.
A. I mustn't
B. I can't
C. I needn't
D. I won't
表示询问或说明一件事可不可做; 表示某事有可能发生。might是may的过去式; 用在疑问中比may委婉、客气。
1) -May I take this book out of the reading-room
-No, you mustn't. ( Yes, you may.)
2) -Might I make a suggestion -Yes, you may.
3. must
1). 表示必须要做的事: 必须
2) 表示很有把握的推断: 一定, 准是。have (has)to : have (has)got to 必须, 不得不。过去式: had to
3) -Must I get to the station before three o'clock
-Yes, you must. ( No, you needn't. )
4) I'm afraid you will have to wait a while.
5) She must be in the classroom now.
6) Mary ____ be in Paris, I saw her in town only a few minutes ago.
A. mustn't
B. shouldn't
C. can't
D. may not
4. shall
1) 在疑问句中, 用于第一、三人称表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请求。
2) 用于二、三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺等概念。
1) - Shall I place an order with you now -No, you needn’t.
-Shall he turn down the radio a bit -
Yes, please.(No, please don't.)
2) You shall have the English book as soon as I finish it.
3) Everything that he owns shall be taken away from him.
4) Your brother seldom comes to see you, ____
A. does he
B. doesn't he
C. will he
D. isn't he
5) It's a fine day. Let's go fishing, ____
A. won't we
B. will we
C. don't we
D. shall we
5. should 应该; 应当
1) You should listen to the doctor's advice.
2) You should study the article carefully.
6. will, would
1) 在疑问句中用于第二人称,表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问。用would语气更加婉转。
2) will 表示现在的习惯性动作或状态; would 表示过去的习惯性动作或状态。
3) will 用于各种人称, 表示意志、意愿、决心、允诺; would 表示过去时间的意志、意愿、......。
(1) Don't smoke in the meeting room, ___ you
A. do you
B. will you
C. can you
D. could you
-Will you come with me -Yes, I will.(I am sorry , I can't.)
(2) -Would you tell us something about yourself -Yes, I will.
(3) - It's my birthday tomorrow. Don't forget to come to my party.
- _____ .
A. I don't
B. I won't
C. I can't
D. I haven't
7. ought to 应该; 应当
1) You oughtn't to smoke too much.
2) She ____ for what she has done.
A. ought to praise
B. ought be praised
C. ought to have praised
D. ought to be praised
8. dare 1. dare to come 2. dare come
1) He dare not tell the truth.
2) He doesn't dare to come out at night.
3) I don't know whether he ____ try.
A. dare
B. needs
C. wants
D. is allowed
9. need
1). 作为情态动词:必须
2). 作为实义动词: 需要
A.主语是人need( to do something ; to be done by somebody)
B. 主语是事物need ( doing; to be done)
1) -Do they need to take any books with them
-No, they don't need to.
2) -Need we buy any new equipment -No, we needn't.
3) This farm tool needs repairing.
This farm tool needs to be repaired.
4) -Shall I tell John about it
- No, you ___ . I've told him already.
A. needn't
B. wouldn't
C. mustn't
D. shouldn't
5) It's a fine day. You ____ take a raincoat with you.
A. can't
B. mustn't
C. needn't
D. may not
[★★★]五、情态动词的解题例析
(1) 认真审题，结合所给出的语境，正确把握说话者的语气、情感、态度、观点等。
(2) 认真思考所给选项中情态动词的基本特征和用法，并结合语境推敲答案。
(3) 要注意把握时间概念。
情态动词无论是表达“推测和可能性”，还是表达“虚拟”这一概念，只要是对过去已经发生的事情进行描述，一律用“情态动词+have done”这一结构；对现在或将来的事情进行描述，用“情态动词+动词或系动词原形”。例如：
（NMET2008山东，24）Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we ______ it without you.
A. can manage
B. could have managed
C. could manage
D. can have managed
根据题干中所给出的时间last week可知我们已经做完了工作，已经完成，故排除A、C两项，再结合could have done表示虚拟语气以及与前面的I don’t think…，故说话者想表达的意思是：离开了你，我们本不可能完成这项工作。故答案为B项。
★下面我们来看看常考的一些情态动词★
以下试题均来源于往年的高考试题，具有很强的针对性
(1) must表示推测，意为“一定……”，只能用于肯定句中。must have done意为：一定做过某事或某事肯定发生了。例如：
—She looks very happy. She ______ have passed the exam.
—I guess so. It’s not difficult after all.
A. should
B. could
C. must
D. might
【解析】句意为：她看上去很高兴，一定是通过了考试。
【答案】C
(2) should (not) / ought (not) to在中表示根据常规或常识推测，表示“某事应该或不应该发生”，语气比must或can’t / couldn’t稍弱。
例如：—How’s your tour around the North Lake Is it beautiful
—It ________ be, but it is now heavily polluted.
A. will
B. would
C. should
D. must
【解析】should此处表示推测，意为“应该”。
【答案】C
②There _________ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.
A. mustn’t
B. shan’t
C. shouldn’t
D. needn’t
【解析】句意：既然你在驾校进行了大量训练，那么通过道路测试按理不应该有困难。【答案】C
(3) can, could表达推测时，一般用于疑问句和否定句中；can用于肯定句中表示一种理论上的可能性，并不牵涉是否真的会发生，在这种用法中can只能与动词原形连用；could用于肯定句中，语气比may/ might更弱。例如：
①You ______ be hungry already — you had lunch only two hours ago!
A. wouldn’t
B. can’t
C. mustn’t
D. needn’t
②She ______ have left school, for her bike is still here.
A. can’t
B. wouldn’t
C. shouldn’t
D. needn’t
③It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _____ be rather cold sometime.
A. must
B. can
C. should
D. would
④Peter ____ be really difficult at times even though he’s a nice person in general.
A. shall
B. should
C. can
D. must
【解析】①②两个考题中can用于中表示否定的推测，意为：不可能，一定不会；③④两个考题中can表示理论上的可能性，翻译为：有时候会……。
【答案】① B ② A ③ B ④ C
(4)may (not) / might (not)表达一种不太把握的推测，意为“或许，可能”；might的语气比may 较婉转。例如：
① Liza ___ well not want to go on the trip --- she hates traveling.
A. will
B. can
C. must
D. may
【解析】may well为固定搭配，意为：很可能，极有可能。
【答案】D
②Although this ____ sound like a simple task, great care is needed.
A. must
B. may
C. shall
D. should
【解析】这听起来或许是一项简单的任务，但却需要极大的细心。
【答案】B
③—I can’t find my purse anywhere.
—You __ have lost it while shopping.
A. may
B. can
C. should
D. would
【解析】结合语境可知，回答者是在提醒对方：或许购物时把钱包丢了。
【答案】A
（二）表达虚拟语气的情态动词
对过去的一种结果的假设或虚拟，用情态动词+have done这一结构，常用的有以下几个情态动词：
(1) should (not) / ought (not) to have done本（不）应该做某事，但却没有做或做了，含有责备或后悔之意。例如：
—I’m sorry. I _________at you the other day.
—Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.
A. shouldn’t shout
B. shouldn’t have shouted
C. mustn’t shout C. mustn’t have shouted
【解析】对不起，我那天本不应该对你大喊大叫的。
【答案】B
(2) could have done本来能够做某事但未做。例如：
Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we ______ it without you.
A. can manage
B. could have managed
C. could manage
D. can have managed
【解析】根据题干中所给出的时间last week可知我们已经做完了工作，已经完成，故排除A、C两项，再结合could have done表示虚拟语气以及与前面的I don’t think…，故说话者想表达的意思是：离开了你，我们本不可能完成这项工作。
【答案】B
(3) needn’t have done本没有必要做某事但却做了。要注意needn’t do则表达“没有必要去做某事”，时间上应该是现在或将来。例如：
①—Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.
—Thanks. You ________ it. I could manage it myself.
A. needn’t do
B. needn’t have done
C. mustn’t do
D. shouldn’t have done
【解析】根据句意可知Catherine对对方为她打扫了房间表示感谢并提到对方不必为她打扫房间。
【答案】B
② The boss has given everyone a special holiday, so we go to work tomorrow.
A. can’t
B. mustn’t
C. needn’t
D. shouldn’t
【解析】老板给所有的员工放了假，所以我们明天不必再去上班。
【答案】C
(4)would (not) have done本来(不)会发生某事，但却（发生了）或没有发生。常用于虚拟条件句或含蓄虚拟条件引导的虚拟语气，表示对过去所发生事情结果的假设。例如：
He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise, he ________ a goal.
A. had scored
B. scored
C. would score
D. would have scored
【解析】句中otherwise为含蓄条件，相当于if he had not hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball，这是对过去的一种虚拟假设。
【答案】D
(5) might have done表示“本来可能……”，但实际上没有发生的事。例如：
What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he ________ better.
A. need have done
B. must have done
C. can have done
D. might have done
【解析】真是可惜！考虑到他的能力和经验，他本来可以做得更好的。
【答案】D
（三）表达“情感、态度、语气” 等方面的情态动词
1. must表达“情感、态度、语气”主要有以下用法：
(1) 表示主观的义务和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑问句，意思为“必须……，得……，要……”；由must引起的疑问句，肯定回答要用must或have to，否定回答要用needn’t或don’t have to,意思是“不必”。另外，must与have to都可以表示“必须”这一含义。must表示一种主观的需要，而have to表示一种客观的需要，意思是“不得不”，其否定形式是don’ have to。
例如：-What sort of house do you want to have Something big
--Well, it ______ be big--that's not important.
A. mustn't
B. needn't
C. can't
D. won't
【解析】Something big此处意为：Must it be big 回答者的意思是：房子不必太大—那并不重要。
【答案】B
(2) must的否定形式mustn’t表示禁止，意思是“不能，不许”。例如：
When I was young, I was told that I ______ play with matches
A. wouldn't
B. needn't
C. mustn't
D. daren't
【解析】当我年轻的时候，（家人）就一直告诫我千万不要玩火柴。
【答案】C
(3) must用于条件句或疑问句中，可以用来表示责备、抱怨的感情色彩，意思为“偏要，硬要、干嘛”。例如：
①—May I smoke here
—If you ____, choose a seat in the smoking section.
A. should
B. could
C. may
D. must
②John, look at the time. ___________ you play the piano at such a late hour
A．Must B．Can C．May D．Need
【解析】must在这两道试题中均表示“非得，偏要”。
【答案】① D ② A
2. should
(1) should应该，表示“责任和义务”。例如：
According to the air traffic rules, you ___ switch off your mobile phone before boarding.
A. may
B. can
C. would
D. should
【解析】should此处表示根据交通法规应尽的责任和义务。
【答案】D
(2) 在虚拟条件句中用以加强假设语气，表示“与将来事实相反的假设”，用If+主语+ should +动词原形，当“万一(会)”讲。这时可省略if，将should提到句首，变为倒装句式。请看下面的例子：
If it should rain (=Should it rain) tomorrow, I would stay at home.万一明天下雨的话，我就待在家里。再如：
________ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.
A. Would you be
B. Should you be
C. Could you be
D. Might you be
【解析】句意：万一你被解雇，给你的医疗救助和其它方面的福利也不会被取消。
【答案】B
(3) should还可以用来表示说话人对某事不能理解、赶到意外、惊异等意思，译为“竟然，竟会”。例如：
You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _____ be so rude to a lady.
A. might
B. need
C. should
D. would
【解析】句意：你想象不到这么一个表现良好的绅士竟然会对一个女士这么粗鲁。
【答案】C
3. shall
(1) shall用于第一和第三人称，常用于疑问句中，用来征求对方意见。例如：
①—What’s the name
—Khulaifi. _________ I spell it for you
A. Shall
B. Would
C. Can
D. Might
【答案】A
(2) 用于第二和第三人称，表示“命令、威胁、警告、允诺、”等。例如：
—Excuse me. But I want to use your computer to type a report.
—You _____have my computer if you don’t take care of it .
A. shan’t
B. might not
C. needn’t
D. shouldn’t
【解析】shall此处表示“警告”。
【答案】A
(3) shall也用于宣布法律、规定的要求。例如：
①—What does the sign over there read
—“No person ________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette，cigar or pipe in this area.”
A. will
B. may
C. shall
D. must
【解析】禁止吸烟是此处的规定。
【答案】C
4. can
(1) can可以用来表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度，主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。例如：
How ______ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have only covered only part of the article
A. can
B. must
C. need
D. may
【答案】A
(2) can也可以用来表示请求或许可。例如：
—Mum, I’ve been studying English since 8 o’clock.
______I go out and play with Tom for a while
—No, I’m afraid not. Besides, it’s raining outside now.
A. Can’t
B. Wouldn’t
C. May
D. Won’t
【答案】A
(3) can可以表达一般的或永久的能力。be able to也可表达能力，但常用来表达在某件事情中所表现出来的能力，尤指克服困难能够完成某事。例如：
①If it were not for the fact that she ______ sing, I would invite her to the party.
A. couldn’t
B. shouldn’t
C. can’t
D. might not
②The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ______ get out.
A. had to
B. would
C. could
D. was able to
【答案】C
5. would
(1)will与would可表示“意愿；意志”。
例如：John promised his doctor he _____ not smoke and he has never smoked ever since.
A. might
B. should
C. could
D. would
【解析】根据promise可知此处是John向医生表明自己的意志。
【答案】D
(2) would表示过去倾向性或习惯性的动作。used to 也有这一用法，但used to即可用来表达过去的习惯性的动作，也可用来表示过去的状态。例如：
① When he was there, he ___ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.
A. would
B. should
C. had better
D. might
② In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than ________.
A. that used to be
B. it is used to
C. it was used to
D. it used to be
【解析】第一题would指过去习惯性的动作；第二题it 替代life, used to be 指过去的样子。【答案】A D
情态动词全解析 一、何谓“情态动词” 情态动词主要用来表示说话人的情感、态度等，是中学英语语法的重点，也是高考的热点，是单项填空必考的一个知识点。情态动词在近五年高考中主要考查四点：情态动词表示推测和可能性的用法；情态动词与虚拟语气；情态动词的表达“情感、态度、语气等”，情态动词表示“必要性”等方面的用法。 二、情态动词的特点 1.没有人称和数的变化。 2. 有些情态动词有过去式的变化: . will → would , can → could , may→ might , dare → dared 三、情态动词的否定形式 情态动词+ not +动词原形can not: can't , must not: mustn't , need not : needn't 四、情态动词的用法及相互间的区别（注意：这是常考的考点） 1. can , be able to be able to 表示经过努力后, 能够做到; be able to 有多种形式的变化。can 1). 表示体力或脑力方面的能力; 2). 表示允许、可能性。 could 是can的过去式, 表示过去有能力及过去存在的可能性; 用于疑问句表示委婉地提出问题。 1) The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ____ get out. A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to 2) -Will you stay for lunch -Sorry, __. My brother is coming to see me. A. I mustn't B. I can't C. I needn't D. I won't 表示询问或说明一件事可不可做; 表示某事有可能发生。might是may的过去式; 用在疑问中比may委婉、客气。 1) -May I take this book out of the reading-room -No, you mustn't. ( Yes, you may.) 2) -Might I make a suggestion -Yes, you may. 3. must 1). 表示必须要做的事: 必须 2) 表示很有把握的推断: 一定, 准是。have (has)to : have (has)got to 必须, 不得不。过去式: had to 3) -Must I get to the station before three o'clock -Yes, you must. ( No, you needn't. ) 4) I'm afraid you will have to wait a while. 5) She must be in the classroom now. 6) Mary ____ be in Paris, I saw her in town only a few minutes ago. A. mustn't B. shouldn't C. can't D. may not 4. shall 1) 在疑问句中, 用于第一、三人称表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请求。 2) 用于二、三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺等概念。 1) - Shall I place an order with you now -No, you needn’t. -Shall he turn down the radio a bit -
高中英语必修三 情态动词（unit 1 ，unit 2） 一、情态动词的特点: 1.没有人称和数的变化。 2. 有些情态动词有过去式的变化: e.g. will → would , can → could , may→ might ,dare → dared 二、情态动词的否定式: 情态动词+ not +动词原形can not: can't , must not: mustn't , need not : needn't 三、情态动词的用法及相互区别, 是考试的内容之一 1. can , be able to be able to 表示经过努力后, 能够做到; be able to 有多种形式的变化。 can 1). 表示体力或脑力方面的能力; 2). 表示允许、可能性。 could 是can的过去式, 表示过去有能力及过去存在的可能性; 用于疑问句表示委婉地提出问题。 1) The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ____ get out. (NMET 97 ) A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to 2) -Will you stay for lunch? -Sorry, __. My brother is coming to see me. (NMET99) A. I mustn't B. I can't C. I needn't D. I won't 2.may 表示询问或说明一件事可不可做; 表示某事有可能发生。might是may的过去式; 用在疑问中比may委婉、客气。 1) -May I take this book out of the reading-room? -No, you mustn't. ( Yes, you may.) 2) -Might I make a suggestion? -Yes, you may. 3. must 1). 表示必须要做的事: 必须 2) 表示很有把握的推断: 一定, 准是。have (has)to : have (has)got to 必须, 不得不。过去式: had to 3) -Must I get to the station before three o'clock? -Yes, you must. ( No, you needn't. ) 4) I'm afraid you will have to wait a while. 5) She must be in the classroom now. 6) Mary ____ be in Paris, I saw her in town only a few minutes ago. (NMET 94) A. mustn't B. shouldn't C. can't D. may not 4. shall 1) 在疑问句中, 用于第一、三人称表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请求。 2) 用于二、三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺等概念。 1) - Shall I place an order with you now? -No, you needn’t. -Shall he turn down the radio a bit? - Yes, please.(No, please don't.)
必修三unit2语法讲解情态动词用法（二） 、ought to的用法 1. ought to应该”与should相比较ought to语气重,偏重责任、义务、 道德、法律”等方面，意为应该” ①We ought to stop polluti ng n ature.我们应该停止污染大自然。 2. ought to表示较大的可能性。 ①Mary ought to be here soon.玛丽应该很快就来了。 ［点津］用ought to表示推断时，语气较肯定，通常指的是一种合乎逻辑的 可能性（与should表推断时相似）,有时可译为很可能；准是”语气比must要弱）。 3. ought to的否定形式为ought not to或ought n't to,其一般疑问句形式是将ought置于主语前。 ①We ought not to start so late.我们不该这么晚动身。 4. 在反意疑问句中,常省掉to用ought n't或should n't。 ① He ought to take back what he has said, ought n' t/should n't he? 他应该收回他说的话，是吗？ 1 —1.写出下面句中黑体部分的意义 ① To keep fit, weought to lear n more about our body. _____ ① Youought not to do such a thing. _______ ① Itought to be a close game. _______ 1 —2.用ought完成句子 ①（尔不该责备他。You __________ （scold ）him. ①我明天该动身吗？一_______________ （_leave ［tomorrow? 是的，你应该。一Yes, you ought to ①我们现在应该走，是吗？We ought to go now, ______________ _? 二、have to, don't have to 与must n't 的用法 1. have to（口语中常用have got to）表示客观需要做的事情，意为必须；不 得不”有时态、人称和数的变化，其否定式和疑问式应由助动词do构成。 ① My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the ni ght. 我弟弟病了，我不得不半夜里把医生请来。
高中英语情态动词精讲与解析 概说 助动词(auxiliary)主要有两类：基本助动词(primary auxiliary)和情态助动词(modal auxiliary)。基本助动词有三个：do, have和be；情态助动词有十三个：may, might; can, could; will, would; shall, should; must, need, dare, used to, ought to. 上述两类助动词的共同特征是，在协助主动词构成限定动词词组时，具有作用词的功能： 1）构成否定式： He didn't go and neither did she. The meeting might not start until 5 o'clock. 2）构成疑问式或附加疑问式： Must you leave right now? You have been learning French for 5 years, haven't you? 3）构成修辞倒装： Nowhere can he obtain any information about his sister. Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining. 4）代替限定动词词组： A: Who can solve this crossword puzzle? B: Tom can. A: Shall I write to him? B: Yes, do. 情态助动词的特征 基本助动词与情态助动词最主要的区别之一是，基本助动词本身没有词义，而情态助动词则有自己的词义，能表示说话人对有关动作或状态的看法，或表示主观设想： What have you been doing since? （构成完成进行体，本身无词义） I am afraid I must be going. （一定要） You may have read some account of the matter. （或许已经） 除此之外，情态助动词还有如下词法和句法特征： 1）除ought和used以外，其他情态动词后面只能接不带to的不定式。如果我们把ought
情态动词练习 I. 用适当的情态动词填空。 1. Peter________ come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet. 2. —_______ I do it now? —No, you needn’t. 3. —I heard they went skiing in the mountains last Sunday. —It _____ (not) be true because there was little snow there. 4. It has been announced that all the students________ remain in their seats until five o’clock. 5. It’s nearly eight o’clock. Steven________ be here at any moment. 6. ─Would you come back late next time? ─No, I________. II. 单选题。 1. You________ to the meeting tomorrow if you have something more important to do. A. don’t need come B. shan’t need come C. needn’t come D. needn’t to come 2. She________ to the cinema for I saw her just now. A. mustn’t have gone B. may not go C. can’t have gone D. needn’t go 3. He________ see a doctor before it is too late. A. must B. must have to C. can D. need 4. ─________ I stop here, sir? ─No. Go on to the next paragraph, please. A. Will B. May C. Would D. Ought 5. ─________ we finish all the exercises in class? ─Yes, you________. A. Shall; will B. Need; can C. Can; might D. Must; must
最新教学资料·人教版英语 情态动词精品学案 一、情态助动词的词法和句法特征： 1. 情态动词只能接不带to的不定式： We used to grow beautiful roses. I asked if he would come and repair my television set. 2. 情态助动词用于第三人称单数现在时的时候，没有词形变化，即其词尾无-s形式： She dare not say what she thinks. 3. 情态动词没有非限定形式，即没有不定式、-ing分词和-ed分词形式： Still, she needn’t have run away. 二.、情态助动词的意义和用法 1. can和could的用法 1). 表示能力或客观可能性，还可以表示请求和允许。如： Can you finish this work tonight? Man cannot live without air. — Can I go now? — Yes, you can. ①could也可表示请求，预期委婉，主要用于疑问句，不可用于肯定句，答语应用can（即could不能用于现在时态的简略答语中）。如： Could I come to see you tomorrow? Yes, you can. （否定答语可用No, I’m afraid not.） ②can表示能力时，还可用be able to代替。如： I’ll not be able to come this afternoon. 2)．表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。（主要用在否定句、疑问句或感叹句中）Can this be true? How can you be so careless! This cannot be done by him. 3)．“can(could) + have + 过去分词”的疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为怀疑或不肯定。如：
Unit1 情态动词 一、分析下面句子归纳总结can/could的用法。 1.I can swim. / He can speak English very well. 归纳总结: _____________________. 2.Can I come in? / You can watch TV. 归纳总结：___________________________. 3.He couldn’t have left, for his bike is still here. 归纳总结：___________________________. 4.My sister has one shortcoming. She can be stubborn. 归纳总结：_________________________. 5.（了解）How could you do such a silly thing? （could为过去式） 归纳总结：用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中表示惊讶、怀疑等感情色彩。 6.can/could的固定短语: can’t but _______________ can’t be too...______________ can’t help_______________ can’t be...enough_______________ as...as one can/possible________________ can’t wait to do..________________ ①每当我看到这张照片，我就禁不住想起您为我们做的事情。 ________________________________________________________________________ ②我们有必要尽可能的经常锻炼身体。 ________________________________________________________________________ ③你最好尽可能的多与老师交流。 ________________________________________________________________________ ④他如此伟大，我们怎么表扬也不过分。 ________________________________________________________________________ ⑤当我听到他的故事时，我不得不钦佩他的胆量。 ________________________________________________________________________ ⑥我迫不及待的邀请你担任这次英语演讲比赛的评委。 ________________________________________________________________________ 7. be able to 与can ①*I’m sorry to tell you that I won’t be able to attend the lecture tomorrow. ②*In this way ,you may be able to pay attention to what the teacher says. ③I could climb trees when I was younger. He was able to go to the party yesterday in spite of the heavy rain. 归纳总结：be able to 与can: ___________________________________ ①“In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn’t get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own,” says Christine Crosby. (翻译) ②While shopping, people sometimes can't help ________________ (persuade) into buying something they don't really need. ③She can't help _________ (clean)the house because she's busy making a cake. 二、归纳总结may/might的用法No, you mustn’t 1. You may take this seat if you like. May I …? Yes, please. / Sure, go ahead. 归纳总结：___________________________________. 2. Your math teacher may be in his office.
高中英语必修三周末辅导资料（3） Modal Verbs(情态动词) 一、概述 情态动词表示说话人的某种感情或语气，对某一动作或状态的某种态度，表示“需要”“可以”“必须”“应当”等意义 情态动词有以下特征： 1．不能单独作谓语，除ought to和used to以外，后面只能接不带to的不定式 2．没有人称和数的变化。但有些情态动词，如can，will，dare有一般时和过去时的变化。 3．情态动词的“时态”的形式并不是区分时间的主要标志。不少情况下，情态动词的现在时形式和过去时形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间或将来时间 二、用法归纳 1．can和could (1)表示能力，常译为“能，会”例如： I can speak Japanese。but I can’t write it．我会说日语，但是不会写 (2)表示允许，常译为“可以”；could还可以表示更加委婉地请求或许可。例如： ①Can／Could I have a look at your photos? 我可以看看你的照片吗? 一0f course you can．当然可以了。 ②You can smoke in this room．你可以在这间屋子里吸烟 (3)表示对现在或过去情况的推测，只用于疑问句或否定句中例如： ①一Can she be in the classroom? 她可能在教室吗? 一NO，she can’t be in it．不，她不可能在教室里。 ②Can what he said be true? 他说的可能是真的吗? (4)用于肯定的陈述旬中，表示理论上或习惯上的可能性。例如： ①Accidents can happen at any time．事故随时会发生 ②It could be very interesting to go out for a drive．出去开车兜风可能会很有趣(could比call 的可能性小) 辨析 can(could)/be able to (1)can只有观在时和过去时could．而be able to则有更多的时态变化，在将来时，完成时和非谓语动词中只能用be able to。如： If one can not preserve, one will not be able to win. 如果不能坚持不懈，将无法赢得胜利。(2)can一般指自身具有的能力。而be able to则表示经过一段时间的努力后所具有的能力，相当于manage to do或succeed in doing。例如： ①This time l failed in the exam，but I’11 be able to pass the exam next time．这次我考试不及格．但下次我能考试及格(经过努力) ②She said she regretted not being able to use the computer well．她说她很后悔不会很好地使用电脑 (3)在否定结构中was/were able to 与could没有区别。例如： ①She ran fast but she couldn’t/wasn’t able to catch the bus．她跑得很快可还是没能赶上公共汽车
情态动词专项练习（一） 1. I __________ you, because I thought I must be wrong. A. dare not ask B. dare not to ask C. dare not asking D. dare to not ask 2. There __________ some flowers in the garden. A. were used to be B. used to be C. uses to be D. used to be having 3. ―__________ I take it out?‖―I′m sorry, you __________.‖ A. Could …couldn′t B. Might…might not C. Could…can D. May…can′t 4. You were stupid to climb the tree. You __________ hurt yourself. A. may B. might C. will D. might have 5. You __________ those letters. Why didn′t you ? A. should post B. should have posted C. must have posted D. ought to post. 6. All the lights are on, the Smiths __________ up. A. must get B. is getting C. must be getting D. would get 7. He __________ lead a horse to the water but he __________ not make it drink. A. will…can B. may…can C. may…dares D. dare…can 8. ―Need we do this job now?‖―Yes,__________.‖ A. you need B. you should C. you must D. you can 9. __________ to have lunch with us today? A. Do you likes B. Would you like C. Will you liked D. Have you liked 10. He said that you __________ watch TV all the evening if you wished. A. may B. must C. can D. might 11. –Is John coming by train? --He should, but he __________ not. He likes driving his car. A. must B. can C. need D. may 12. Peter __________ come with us tonight, but he isn′t very sure yet. A. must B. can C. may D. will 13. Michael __________ be a policeman, for he′s much too short. A. needn′t B. can′t C. shouldn′t D. won′t 14. I thought you __________ be hungry, so I have brought you some cakes. A. may B. might C. can D. could 15. I wonder how he __________ that to the teacher. A. dare to say B. dare saying C. not dare say D. dared say 16. Come on! We __________ hurry because there isn′t much time left. A. may B. must C. can D. need 17. Amy did best in the English test. She __________ hard last week. A. must have working B. should have worked C. should work D. must work 18. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone __________ get out. A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to 19. –--I stayed at a hotel while in New York. ---Oh, did you? You __________ with Barbara. A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed 20. It′s nearly seven o′clock. Jack __________ be here at any moment. A. must B. need C. should D. can 专项练习（二） 1. Jean have kept his promise. I wonder why he changed his idea. A. must B. should C. need D. would
Ⅰ.用适当的情态动词填空 1．When you cross the street, you must be careful with the passing cars. 2．It can’t be his mother, for she has been ill at home for a long time. 3．We enjoy good weather in January, but sometimes it can be terribly cold. 4．I may come to the party with you, but I am not sure. 5．When he was young, he would climb the small hill every morning. 6．—May I take this seat? —Yes, you may/can． 7．Tom comes from Australia, so he can speak English very well. 8．If you can pass the driving test, you shall get a new car. Ⅱ.单项填空 1．—I heard they went skating in the mountains last winter. —It ________ be true because there was little snow there. A．may not B．won’t C．couldn’t D．mustn’t 解析：选C。句意：“我听说他们去年冬天去山区滑雪了。”“那不可能是真的，因为那里几乎没有雪。”couldn’t“不可能”，表示有把握的否定推测。may not“可能不”，与语境不符；won’t“不会”；mustn’t“禁止”。 2．— I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month. — Don’t worry. You ________ have it by Friday. A．shall B．could C．must D．may 解析：选A。句意：“我还没拿到参考书，下个月我要参加这门科目的考试。”“别担心。周五之前你会拿到。”shall用于第二、三人称，表示允诺、威胁、警告等。 3．— Could I use your computer while you are out? — Of course you ________． A．could B．should
情态动词全解析 一、何谓“情态动词”？ 情态动词主要用来表示说话人的情感、态度等，是中学英语语法的重点，也是高考的热点，是单项填空必考的一个知识点。情态动词在近五年高考中主要考查四点：情态动词表示推测和可能性的用法；情态动词与虚拟语气；情态动词的表达“情感、态度、语气等”，情态动词表示“必要性”等方面的用法。 二、情态动词的特点 1.没有人称和数的变化。 2. 有些情态动词有过去式的变化: . will → would , can → could , may→ might , dare → dared 三、情态动词的否定形式 情态动词+ not +动词原形can not: can't , must not: mustn't , need not : needn't 四、情态动词的用法及相互间的区别（注意：这是常考的考点） 1. can , be able to be able to 表示经过努力后, 能够做到; be able to 有多种形式的变化。 can 1). 表示体力或脑力方面的能力; 2). 表示允许、可能性。 could 是can的过去式, 表示过去有能力及过去存在的可能性 ; 用于疑问句表示委婉地提出问题。 1) The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ____ get out. A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to 2) -Will you stay for lunch? -Sorry, __. My brother is coming to see me. A. I mustn't B. I can't C. I needn't D. I won't 表示询问或说明一件事可不可做; 表示某事有可能发生。might是may的过去式; 用在疑问中比may委婉、客气。 1) -May I take this book out of the reading-room? -No, you mustn't. ( Yes, you may.) 2) -Might I make a suggestion? -Yes, you may. 3. must 1). 表示必须要做的事: 必须 2) 表示很有把握的推断: 一定, 准是。have (has)to : have (has)got to 必须, 不得不。过去式: had to 3) -Must I get to the station before three o'clock? -Yes, you must. ( No, you needn't. ) 4) I'm afraid you will have to wait a while. 5) She must be in the classroom now. 6) Mary ____ be in Paris, I saw her in town only a few minutes ago. A. mustn't B. shouldn't C. can't D. may not 4. shall 1) 在疑问句中, 用于第一、三人称表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请求。 2) 用于二、三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺等概念。 1) - Shall I place an order with you now? -No, you needn’t.
绝密★启用前 人教版必修三Unit 2 Healthy eating 3. Grammar: 情态动词 一、单词拼写(根据首字母和汉语提示) 1.Before accepting your offer, I always c________(商量)with my parents. 2.The couple had to work hard day and night in order to pay off their d________ (债务). 3.All speeches were l________ (限制)to 10 minutes. 4.The old man has b________ (受益)a lot from walking after supper. 5.We should always c________ (结合, 融合)work with pleasure. 6.Don’t g________ (怒视)at your teacher like that. What he did is good for you. 二、选词并用其适当形式填空： 7.After________each other for several minutes, the two men began to fight fiercely. 8.The poor man had to ________________by writing. 9.Wasteful people usually end up________. 10.He has ________________after recovery. 11.His work is to ________the enemy’s movement. 12. ________, the wounded mother wolf died. 13.He used to ________trees, but he plants trees now. 14.The book ________________to you. 三、语法填空 Drunk driving, a major concern currently, is not a funny thing，__15__ has killed many people and ruined the lives of many others. At present, traffic accidents become “the world's first harm”． Two months ago, after __16__(drink) a lot of alcohol, my friend's uncle drove his car home. He was
必修三各单元知识点总结 第一单元 1）starve作不及物动词，表示“饿死，挨饿”。starve for=be starve of/for，表示“渴望获得，迫切得到”。 2）plenty作不可数名词，只用于肯定句中，表示“充足，大量，富裕”，可做主语，宾语或表语。做主语时，谓语动词随着plenty所指的单复数形式作相应的变化。plenty也可作副词，表示“充分地，十足地，好多”。in plenty表示“大量的，丰富，充裕”可作表语，定语，状语。 3）satisfy 作及物动词，表示“满意，使满足”，直接跟宾语，若接that从句时，意思是“使相信”，从句前有间接宾语。satisfy…with以……满足be satisfied with对……满足satisfy…for向……偿还be satisfied to do sth满足于做某事 4）harm作名词，意为“损害”，不与不定冠词连用，常与do，come，mean等动词搭配。do more harm than good弊大于利There’s no harm in（sb’s）doing sth=It does no harm for sb to do sth做某事无害处作及物动词，表示“损害，伤害”。 5）lead 作及物动词，表示“领导，引导”其宾语常接介词短语或者副词作宾补。 表示“影响，致使”时，后接介词to，也可以接不定式。 lead sb into使某人陷入某种不良的状态。lead sb away使盲从，常用于被动语态。 lead nowhere毫无结果，，对……不起作用。lead up to sth作为……准备，导致。 lead sb by the nose牵着某人的鼻子，完全操纵某人lead a dog’s life过困难的生活 lead sb believe that使某人相信（假的事情或不确切的事情） lead the way带路，带头lead作为名词，give sb a lead给某人做出榜样，提示某人 6）origin 是名词，表示“起源，起因，出身”。be of origin起源于，出身于 7）event是名词，表示“事变，事件”，既可以指历史上的，国际上的，国内的大事件，也可以指日常事件,复数形式还可以指事态的发展和结局。也可以指体育比赛中的“项目”。 常见词组：at all events/in every event总之，无论如何，不管怎样 in the event结果，终于in the event of万一，如果，倘若in that event若果那样的话 8）dress 作及物动词，表示“给……穿衣”，后接人作宾语，也可以做不及物动词，表示“穿上衣服，穿着衣服”。dress up穿上盛装，打扮dress作不可数名词，表示“衣服”；作可数名词，表示“妇女及儿童的衣服”。dress sth up修饰，掩饰 9）trick play a trick on sb=play sb a trick开某人的玩笑，诈骗某人 do/turn the trick达到（预期的）目的，获得成功。 have a/the trick of doing sth（有）做……的习惯/癖好。 be up to tricks，be at one’s tricks玩鬼把戏，闹恶作剧 trick可以做动词，trick sb into doing骗某人去做某事trick sb out of…骗取某人 10）memory 是名词，表示“记忆”时，接for而不接of。 复数形式memories可表示往事。 in memory of纪念，一般表示对死者的纪念。 lose one’s memory“失去记忆”，可能永远也想不起来；而slip sb’s memory指一般想不起来，可能不知道什么时候又想起。 within one’s memory=within the memory of表示“记忆所及的时间”。