【精选】2020年中考英语复习专题《选择题解题技巧》

中考英语复习专题《选择题解题技巧》 题型概述 单项选择题的特点是考点多，覆盖面广，题量大。中考英语单项选择题的考点主要分布在：名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、冠词、连词、介词、情态动词、时态、语态、词义辨析、语序、各种不同的从句以及交际用语上。从近几年来看，单项选择题始终瞄准“基础知识和基本技能”进行考查，很少有偏题、难题和怪题。只要复习时把基本知识点和基本用法记住，应对这一类题目的难度应该不大。此类题目在考查纯语法、词汇的基础上，更增加了在特定的语境中运用词法、句法、惯用法的考查，突出了对学生英语语言综合运用能力的考查和日常交际用语的考查，即词法、句法、惯用法、语境四大考点。要做好单项选择题，除了必须熟练掌握句型、固定搭配、习惯用法、语法等方面的基础知识，还要掌握一定的解题技巧。 方法技巧

方法一：直接判定法 通过题干提供的现有信息，可以直接利用熟知的相关语法知识，直接捕捉到解题线索，从而得出正确答案的解题方法。 【例题展示】 (2018白银)Everyone knows that Sandy can draw___________than any other student in our school. A. good B.well C.better D. best 【答案】C 【解析】根据句意可知此题考查副词的比较级结构表最高级意思，即better than any other student，故此题应选C。 【跟踪训练】 ( )1. (2018淮安)Tomorrow is our teacher's birthday and we are going to give ________ a big surprise. A. his B. him C. he D. himself ( )2. (2018荆门)—Do you know who taught ________ French? —Nobody. He learned it by________. A. his; himself B. him; him C. him; himself D. his; him ( )3. (2018北京)My brother will come to see me tomorrow. I'll meet ________ at the airport. A. her B. you C. him D. them ( )4. (2018南宁)She is my friend.________ name is Betty. A. Its B. His C. Her D. My 方法二：关键词法

所谓关键词(key word)，就是指在题目中可以对判定答案起至关重要作用的词。只要找到题目中的关键词，也就找到了解题的突破口。 【例题展示】(2018天津)There are few new types of MP4 for us to choose in this department store，________？ A．are they B.aren't they C.are there D. aren't there 【答案】C 【解析】本题中few与there are结构是起关键词作用的。在英语中hardly, seldom, rarely，little，few等是经常用在陈述句中表达否定的意义，其反意疑问句用肯定形式；而there be句式的反意疑问结构也只能用其的疑问结构，因此本题正确答案为C。 【跟踪训练】 ( )1. （2018•上海中考40.)The debate on whether to keep pets_____forty minutes yesterday afternoon. A.last B.lasted C.will last D.has lasted ( )2. (2018·襄阳38.)The second C919 large passenger plane _______its first flight at Shanghai Pudong International Airport on December 17th, 2017. A. completes B. completed C. has completed D. was completing ( )3.（2018·桂林35.）Tony ______ table tennis every day. A. doesn’t play B. doesn’t plays C. don’t play 方法三：类推法

如果对题目的备选答案没有十分把握或把握很小，不妨利用“如果A对，那么B也对”的类推法，从而可将A.B予以否定。 【例题展示】 (2018辽宁)Tom very soon decided____________． A. what he would do next B. when would he leave C. how would he spend the holiday D. where would he live 【答案】A 【解析】仔细分析备选答案就可发现：B、C和D选项的共性是疑问句格式没有发生改变。若B是对的，那么C和D也会是对的。因此只有A才是正确的。 【跟踪训练】 ( )1. (2018重庆B卷)Taiji is my favourite and I often play it ________ healthy. A. to keep B. keeps C. keeping D. kept ( )2. (2018河南)The boss asked Tim to go and ________ out if there was anyone else absent. A. find B. finding C. to find D. found ( )3. (2018广东)Leonardo DiCaprio, a famous American actor, was always expecting ________ an Oscar and finally he made it. A. to win B. winning C. not to win D. not winning ( )4. (2018南京)—Have you read the book Jane Eyre? —Yes. It's a famous book and really worth ________． A. to read B. reading C. to be read D. read 方法四：前后照应法

此方法多用于两个以上句子或对话形式命题的题目。解题前透彻理解，然后联系上下文，捕捉隐含信息，方能准确找出答案。 【例题展示】 (2018南昌)--We are going to fly kites in the park this afternoon．Would you like to join us, Tony? --____________ . I'm going to visit my grandparents. A.I think so B.I'd like to C. No, thanks D. My pleasure 【答案】C 【解析】本题主要考查would you like to do这个句型的肯定回答和否定回答格式，同时要求根据上下文来表达正确意思，A.B.D三者都表肯定，但与后面的回答意思相左，对别人的邀请，如果表示不接受时，应委婉说出，不能断然拒绝。因此应该选C。本题也适合类推法。 【跟踪训练】 ( )1. (2018·新疆27.) Both Mike and I _______ ready for the new high school life. A. be B. am C. is. D. are ( )2. (2018·达州30.)—Have you watched the TV play “In the Name of People”(人民的名义)？ —It’s the most popular play ______ our Party’s trying to struggle against corruption(反对腐败). A.where show B.which show C.that shows D.who shows 方法五：排除法

根据题干提供的信息，先把一眼就看出的干扰项排除，缩小选择范围，然后将剩余的选项填入空白处进行检验。 【例题展示】 (2018安徽)It's not safe for teenagers to give out too much_____ about themselves on the Internet． A．information B.questions C.ideas D. knowledge 【答案】A 【解析】从题干提供的too much可以明确空格内需要的是不可数名词，因此B、C两个干扰项可以马上排除。再从句意分析，本题所需的不是知识，而是information，所以A就是正确答案。 【跟踪训练】 ( )1. (2018德阳)________ useful dictionary it is! It's very helpful for English study. A. What a B. What an C. How a D. How ( )2. (2018滨州)—Jane won the first prize in the English speech contest. — ________ big progress she has made! She used to be weak in English. A. How B. How a C. What D. What a ( )3. (2018宜昌)—The firemen did all their best to put out the fire. —________ excellent firemen! A. What B. What an C. How an D. How 【应试技巧】

还特别提出的以上六种方法只是方法和技巧，大家一定要在具备扎实的基础知识条件下，才能灵活运用这些技巧。 比如“直接法”，哪些动词和“to”搭配，哪些动词是“doing形式”，学生要自己做归纳总结。还有“关键词法”，解题时一定要圈出关键词，平时做练习和模拟考时也要养成这个习惯。答卷应该干净整洁，但是试卷最好多些圈圈点点，这样的举手之劳对解题帮助很大。“前后照应法”特别适用于一问一答式题干的题目。考生不要仅凭自己的经验，而要根据下文找到题目中隐含的意思。另外像“排除法”，就需要考生在审题时可以将一些显而易见的错误选项排除，然后再比较剩下的选项，大大提高答题的正确率。 【解题步骤】