NaCl胁迫对盐地碱蓬根、茎、叶液泡膜H～+-ATPase和H～+-PPase活性的影响盐渍条件下，稀盐盐生植物可通过将Na~+等有害离子区域化到液泡中以缓解盐害。
Na~+的区域化主要依赖于液泡膜Na~+／H~+逆向转运蛋白的运转，而液泡膜质子泵(V-H~+-ATPase、V-H~+-PPase)为其提供质子驱动力。
本实验以典型的稀盐盐生植物盐地碱蓬为材料，200 mmol／L NaCl处理后测定有关生理指标及不同器官中V-H~+-ATPase和V-H~+-PPase的活性，并对V-H~+-ATPase和V-H~+-PPase进行了Western blot和Northern blot分析，旨在探讨V-H~+-ATPase和V-H~+-PPase对NaCl胁迫响应的器官组织差异及其与抗盐性的关系。
主要结果如下： 1．NaCl处理对盐地碱蓬叶、茎和根生长的效应 200 mmol／L NaCl显著促进盐地碱蓬的生长，且对盐地碱蓬不同器官生长的促进作用不同，显著促进叶和茎的生长，而根的生长在盐胁迫下保持稳定，可见盐处理对盐地碱蓬生长的影响具有器官特异性。
低盐度生长条件下，盐地碱蓬有强烈的聚Na~+作用。
盐处理后，盐地碱蓬不同器官中细胞汁液的Na~+浓度较对照均显著增加，叶和茎细胞汁液中的Na~+浓度显著高于根部，分别为根的 6.4倍和7.5倍，约占整株Na~+含量的93％，而根中Na~+含量较低，只占7％左右。
盐处理导致盐地碱蓬各器官细胞汁液的K~+浓度较对照均显著降低，但植株的生长却明显好于对照，说明细胞内K~+浓度在一定范围内的降低对盐地碱蓬的生长没有影响。
细胞汁液Na~+浓度的升高及K~+浓度的降低必然导致Na~+／K~+比较对照的显著增加。
可见盐地碱蓬根部的作用不在于积盐，而是通过吸收大量Na~+和一定量K~+，并将绝大部分离子输送到叶和茎中积累以进行渗透调节，保证植物在盐渍条件下能够维持正常的生长状态。
盐胁迫下二倍体马铃薯叶绿素含量和抗氧化酶活性的变化摘要在离体条件下研究盐胁迫对二倍体马铃薯富利亚（Solanum phureja，PHU）和窄刀薯（S. stenotomum，STN）杂种（PHU-STN）无性系相关生理指标的影响，以期探讨盐胁迫下二倍体马铃薯耐盐性的生理表现。
在45份PHU-STN中，根据其在盐胁迫下六项生长参数的表现选出5份耐盐无性系、5份中耐盐无性系、5份感盐无性系，建立耐盐程度不同的三个组，以四倍体品种Bintje为耐盐对照，Mainechip为感盐对照，用0（CK），10，20，30 mmol·L-1的NaCl进行胁迫，测定叶绿素含量、超氧化物歧化酶（Superoxide Dismutase，SOD）和过氧化物酶（Peroxidase，POD）活性的变化。
结果表明，随着盐浓度的升高，耐盐组叶绿素含量呈先升高后降低的趋势，中耐盐组、感盐组则呈降低的趋势，二倍体组间差异极显著；耐盐组的SOD活性呈升高的趋势，中耐盐组、感盐组呈先降低后升高的趋势，二倍体组间差异极显著；耐盐组、中耐盐组POD活性呈先降低后升高的趋势，感盐组呈降低的趋势，二倍体组间差异极显著。
因此，叶绿素含量、SOD和POD活性可以作为二倍体马铃薯耐盐性鉴定的间接指标。
关键词：马铃薯，二倍体，盐胁迫，生理指标- I -Change of Chlorophyll Content and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity of Diploid Potato under Salt StressAbstractPhysiological traits were studied of diploid potato Solanum phureja(PHU) and S. stenotomum (STN) hybrid (PHU-STN) clones in vitro under salt stress in order to understand the physiological performance in salt tolerance of diploid potatoes. Three groups of five salt tolerant, five medium salt tolerant and five salt susceptible clones were selected based on their performances of six growth parameters in salt stress in 45 clones, and tetraploid variety Bintje (salt tolerant) and Mainechip (salt susceptible) were also included in this experiment. They were stressed in vitro at 0 (CK), 10, 20 and 30 mmol·L-1salt concentrations, and chlorophyll content, Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Peroxidase (POD) activities were measured. With increase in salt concentration, chlorophyll content in slat tolerant group was increased, and then decreased, while chlorophyll content in medium salt tolerant group and salt susceptible group showed decreasing trend. Chlorophyll contents in all groups were found to be of highly significant difference. SOD activity in salt tolerant group showed increasing trend with increase in slat concentration, while for medium salt tolerant group and susceptible group it was decreased, and then increased. Difference among groups were high significant. For POD activity, it was decreased and then increased in salt tolerant group and medium salt tolerant group with increase in salt concentrations, but showed decreasing trend in salt susceptible group. Difference among groups was highly significant for POD activity. Therefore, chlorophyll content, SOD and POD activities could be used as indirect indicators for salt tolerant selection in diploid potatoes.Key words: potato; diploid; salt stress; physiological index- II -目录摘要 (I)Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... I I 1 前言.. (1)1.1 本研究的目的与意义 (1)1.2 国内外研究文献综述 (1)1.3 本研究的主要内容 (2)2 材料与方法 (3)2.1 试验材料 (3)2.2 试验设计 (3)2.3 测定方法 (4)2.4 数据分析 (4)3 结果与分析 (4)3.1 盐胁迫下二倍体马铃薯叶绿素含量的变化 (4)3.2 盐胁迫下二倍体马铃薯超氧化物歧化酶活性的变化 (5)3.3 盐胁迫下二倍体马铃薯过氧化物酶活性的变化 (6)4 结论与讨论 (8)参考文献 (9)- III -1 前言1.1 本研究的目的与意义植物为了生长发育和繁衍后代，以不同方式感受识别各种环境因子，并产生相应的生理反应，最终适应环境。
第26卷 第2期 植 物 研 究2006年 3月Vol .26 No .2 BULLETI N OF BOT AN I C AL RESE ARCH Mar ., 2006基金项目:安徽科技学院稳定人才研究项目(No .2RC200435)资助作者简介:刘爱荣(1966—),女,硕士,副教授,主要从事植物抗盐生理研究。
收稿日期:2005-12-7盐胁迫对盐芥(Thellungiella halophila )生长和抗氧化酶活性的影响刘爱荣 张远兵 陈登科(安徽科技学院生命科学院,蚌埠 233100)摘 要 在盐芥抽苔期用不同浓度NaCl 进行处理,测定单株生长量、苔茎叶和根系的质膜透性、MDA 含量、苔茎叶的超氧阴离子(O -・2)含量,苔茎叶的超氧化物歧化酶(S OD )、过氧化物酶(P OD )、过氧化氢酶(CAT )等的活性。
结果表明:低浓度NaCl 处理盐芥单株干重增加,高浓度NaCl 处理则降低盐芥单株的干重,鲜重有抑制作用;盐处理后盐芥地上部质膜透性逐渐增加,地下部质膜透性、叶片中的丙二醛(MDA )和超氧阴离子(O -・2)含量先降低后升高。
抗氧化酶系统中的超氧化物歧化酶(S OD )活性先升高后降低,过氧化物酶(P OD )、过氧化氢酶(CAT )的活性呈上升趋势。
表明低浓度的盐处理对盐芥生长有利,活性氧及丙二醛(MDA )含量减少,而高浓度的盐处理后,抗氧化酶不能及时将活性氧类清除,从而导致活性氧及MDA 积累,引起质膜伤害,盐芥生长量降低。
关键词 盐芥;抽苔期;丙二醛;质膜透性;活性氧;抗氧化酶Effects of s a lt stress on the growth and the an ti ox i dan t enzy m eacti v ity of Thellungiella ha loph ilaL I U A i 2Rong Z HANG Yuan 2B ing CHEN Deng 2Ke(School of L ife Science,College of Science and Technol og of Anhui,Bengbu 233100)Abstract Thellungiella halophila in its bulting stage was treated with NaCl of different concentrati on,deter m ining relevant para meters,including the gr owth a mount,the height of single p lant,the number of branches and leaves,the me mbrane leakage,the MDA contents of ste m leaves and r oots,the super oxideani on (O -・2)content,the activities of super oxide dis mutase (S OD ),per oxidase (P OD )and calatase (CAT )of ste m leaves .The result showed the NaCl l ower concentrati on treat m ent benefited the fresh and dry weights of T .halophila ,but the NaCl higher concentrati on treat m ent inhibited those of T .halo 2ph ila ;NaCl treat m ent made the me mbrane leakage of leaves increased,the l ower concentrati on NaCltreat m ent br ought about the decrease of me mbrane leakage of r oots,the mal ondialdehyde (MDA )and O -・2contents of leaves while the higher concentration of those made the m increased co mpared with the contr ol p lants;the l ower concentrati on of NaCl treat m ent led t o the increase of super oxide dis mutase ac 2tivity (S OD )compared with the contr ol p lants,the higher concentrati on of NaCl treat m ent br ought aboutthe S OD activity decrease,the per oxidase (P OD )and calatase (CAT )activities increased after NaCl was treated with different concentrati on .It p r oved that l ower NaCl concentrati on treat m ent benefited the gr o wth of T .halophila ,the reactive oxygen s pecies and MDA content decreased;and the NaCl higher concentrati on treat m ent,the syste m of scavenging reactive oxygen s pecies (ROS )coundn ’t scavenge theROS in ti m e,which caused the accumulati on of ROS and the da mage of me mbrane,which in turn caused the accumulati on of MDA,s o the gr owth of T.halophila was inhibited.Key words Thellungiella halophila;bulting stage;mal ondialdehyde;me mbrane leakage;reactive ox2 ygen s pecies;anti oxidant enzy me 盐芥(Thellungiella halophila)为十字花科,盐芥属植物。
