广州小学英语补习班_小学辅导班-新王牌小学英语基础知识.doc
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[广州新王牌]小学英语基础知识
1、26个字母（听、说、读、写过关）（所有的大写字母占上两格）:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
2、日常问候:
① Hello, Hi ② How are you? ③ How do you do? ④ Good morning. (afternoon, evening , night)
3、介绍自己:
① I am ______________.
② My name is_______________.
③ I’m from ______________.
④ I (don’t)like______________.
⑤ I can (can’t)______________.
4、人称代词及对应的形容词性物主代词。 第一人称 第二人称 第二人称
人称 I（我）we（我们） you（你）you（你
们） he（他）she（她）
it（它）they（他们）
物主 My(我的) Our(我
们的) your（你的）your
（你们的） his（他的）her（她
的）its（它的）
their(他们的)
宾格 me（我）us（我们） you（你） you（你
们） him（他）her（她）
it（它） them（他
们）
5、be/系动词 am , is , are 及用法： 我用am，你用are，is连着他、她、它。
I am …
You are … He(she , it) is ….
6、1——20的数词:
one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty.
7、姓名及年龄问答:
(1) -What’s your name? -What’s his name? -What’s her name?
-My name is______. -His name is_____. -Her name is _____.
-I am ___________. -He is __________. -She is __________.
(2) -How old are you? -How old is he? -How old is she?
-I’m __________. -He is _______. -She is _______.
8、时间: 年、季节、月、星期、日、时
(1)Year: 1982,1998,2001,
(2)Season: spring, summer, autumn, winter.
(3)Month: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December.
(4) Week: Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday.
(5) Day: 1st May (the first of May), May 2nd ( May the second)
(6)Time: What time is it? It’s ______ o’clock. It’s half past ______.
9、颜色问答:
What color is it? It’s red (white, black, blue, green, pink, orange, yellow…)
10、实义动词“有” have, has:
I have …….我有……. You have …….你（们）有……. They have……他们有……
He has …….他有……. She has ……. 她有……. It has……它有…….
11、代词
this(这个), these(这些), that(那个), those(那些), what(什么).
12、There be 句型:
There is … / There are … 13、特殊疑问句:
What(什么), When(何时), Who(谁), Where(哪里), Why(为什么), How many(有多少)
相关句型: (1) What’s thirty and forty? It’s seventy.
(2) When are we going to eat? We are going to eat at half past twelve.
(3) Who is that woman? She is our English teacher.
(4) Where are you from? I am from China.
(5) Why are you crying? Because I am sad.
(6) How old are you? I’m twelve.
(7) How much is it? It’s 50 yuan.
(8) How many cars have you got? I have got 6 cars.
(9) How long is the Great Wall? It’s about six thousands seven hundreds kilometers.
(10) How big is Beijing? Beijing has got about fourteen millions people.
14、be going to…,will …(打算、将要)句型:
I am going to go to school. / It will be windy in Beijing.
15、特殊问句（问什么，答什么）
Do you …? ( Does he/she …? ) Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. ( Yes’ he does. / No, he doesn’t. )
Have you got …? ( Has he got …? ) Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. ( Yes’ he has. / No, he hasn’t. )
Can you …? Yes, I can. / No, I can’t.
Is there a book? Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t.
16、祈使句：(直接以动词开头，带有命令、要求或劝告的语气)
Don’t talk in the library!
Please be quiet!
Stop! Don’t go!
17、名词单数变复数
(1)规则变化：名词单数变复数，一般加-s没有错。
词尾s, x, sh, ch,直接加上-es。
f, fe为结尾，加-s之前要变ve。 "辅音字母＋y"来结尾，y变i再加-es没问题。
部分词尾字母若是o，加-es有tomato和potato。
(2)不规则变化:不规则变化要特别记，oo常常变ee, foot -feet;男人、女人a改e, man→men; 特殊
child→children等。
(3)不可数名词的复数使用原型。如：water, juice, soup, bread, rice, meat, cheese, fish, sheep…
18、四种简单时态：
一般现在时：I play football.
一般将来时：be going to…/…will …句型: I am going to go to school.
It will be windy in Beijing.
一般过去时：句型：I bought you a book. We went to the park yesterday.
现在进行时：be+动词ing 句型：I am doing my homework.
介 词
意义：
1、一种虚词。不能单独作句子成分，它只有跟它后面的宾语一起构成介词短语，才能在句子中起作用。
有：in, on, under, with, behind, about, near, before, after, for, to, up, down, from, in front of, out of, from…to…, at the back of…
2、表示时间的介词有：at, on, in。
（1）at表示“在某一个具体的时间点上”，或用在固定词组中。
如：at ten o’clock, at 9:30 a.m., at night, at the weekend…
（2）on表示“在某日或某日的时间段”。 如：on Friday, on the first of October, on Monday morning…
（3）in表示“在某一段时间（月份、季节）里”。
如：in the afternoon, in September, in summer, in 2005…
3、in一词还有其他的固定搭配，
如：in blue（穿着蓝色的衣服）
in English（用英语表达）
take part in（参加）。
4、before：在……之前
wei hua got up before 7 o’clock this morning .今天早晨，魏华在7点之前起床了。
5、after：在……之后
after that ,no noe should ever kill a seagull . 从那时起，任何人不得捕杀海鸥。
6、by：在……前(时间)，截止(到)…… by the time i arrived ,she had already gone .
在我到达之前，她已经走了。
7、for：达……之久(表示过了多少时间),可以和一般现在时，过去时，将来时连用，但是经常和完成时连
用。 florence often worked for twenty-four hours without rest .
弗洛沦斯常常工作24小时而不休息。
(10）from：从……起(时间)
the worders work from 7 in the morning to 7 in the evening .工人们从早7点工作到晚7点。
