最新高考英语阅读理解试题(及答案)(20200223154510)

最新高考英语阅读理解试题(及答案)

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

Eating red meat is linked to cancer and heart disease, but are the risks big enough to justify

giving up juicy burgers and delicious steaks? Probably not, according to researchers who reviewed data from 12 clinical trials involving about 54,000 people. In a series of controversial papers, the

researchers argue that the increased health risks tied to red meat are small and uncertain, and

that cutting back likely wouldn't be worth it for people who enjoy meat.

Those conclusions go against established medical advice. They were swiftly attacked by a group

of famous U.S. scientists who took the unusual step of trying to stop the papers from being

published until their criticisms were addressed. The new work does not say red or processed meats like hot dogs and bacon are healthy, or that

people should eat more of them. The team's reviews of past studies generally support the ties to

cancer, heart disease and other bad health outcomes. But the authors say the evidence is weak,

and that there's not much certainty meat is really the cause, since other diet and lifestyle factors

could be at play.If the latest example of how divisive nutrition research has become, with its uncertainties

leaving the door open for conflicting advice. Critics say findings often aren't backed by strong

evidence. Defenders counter that nutrition studies can rarely be conclusive because of the

difficulty of measuring the effects of any single food, but that methods have improved.

Based on their analyses, the researchers said people do not have to cut back for health reasons.

But they noted that their own advice is weak, and acknowledged that they didn't consider factors such as animal welfare and the environment. Indeed, the case that meat production is bad for

animal welfare and the environment is stronger than the case that it's bad for human health,

according to an editorial that accompanies the report.

Not all of the report authors agreed with its conclusions. Three of the 14 researchers said they

support reducing red and processed meats. A coauthor of one of the reviews is also among those who called for a publication delay.

Those who pushed to postpone publication also questioned why certain studies were included

in the reviews while others were left out.

As for his own diet, Dr. Gordon Guyatt, a member of the international research team that

conducted the reviews, said he no longer thinks red or processed meats have significant health

risks. But he said he still avoids them out of habit, and for animal welfare and environmental reasons.（1）What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?

A.To introduce a new relationship between health and eating red meat.

B.To urge more people to keep away from eating red meat regularly.

C.To present a new controversial view on impacts of eating red meat.

D.To criticize nutrition studies for lacking of conclusive evidence.（2）What is the author's attitude towards the new research?

A.Doubtful.

B.Positive.

C.Disapproving.

D.Objective.（3）Guyatt's avoiding red meats has the weakest connection with_______.

A.health risks

B.diet habitsC.animal welfare

D.environmental protection（4）What can we learn from the recent research?

A.Red meats don't have significant health risks.

B.Reducing meat consumption will be worth it.C.The report authors have reached a consensus.

D.Consuming red meat will do good to health.【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）A

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者对于吃红肉是否与癌症和心脏病有关引用了研

究发现、结果、例子等客观数据和事实来写这篇文章。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Eating red meat is linked to cancer and heart disease,

but are the risks big enough to justify giving up juicy burgers and delicious steaks? Probably not,

according to researchers...”可知，吃红肉与癌症和心脏病有关，但是否这些风险大到足以让你放弃多汁的汉堡和美味的牛排呢？根据研究人员研究发现，答案是不一定，引导出了一

个关于吃红肉有争议的新观点，故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据“according to researchers who reviewed data”，“　the researchers

argue that”，“ Those conclusions go against established medical advice”，“ The team's reviews

of past studies”“ the latest example”，“ Based on their analyses”等等，可知作者主要引用研究发现、结果、例子等客观数据和事实来写这篇文章，可知作者对新研究的态度是客观的，

故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“But he said he still avoids them out of habit, and for

animal welfare and environmental reasons.”但他说避免吃红肉是出于习惯，也是为了保护动

物福利和环境，没有说是健康风险问题，可以判断Guyatt避免吃红肉与健康风险的关系最

弱，故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“The new work does not say red or processed meats like

hot dogs and bacon are healthy, or that people should eat more of them. The team's reviews of past studies generally support the ties to cancer, heart disease and other bad health outcomes.

But the authors say the evidence is weak...”这项新研究并没有说红肉或加工肉类如热狗和熏

肉是健康的，也没有说人们应该多吃。以往研究通常支持红肉与癌症、心脏病和其他不良