塔中Ⅰ号坡折带上奥陶统礁滩相特征及其对储层的控制

塔中大油气田的构造成因与勘探方向周新源;李本亮;陈竹新;于红枫;敬兵【摘要】塔中古隆起长期稳定发育,塔中Ⅰ号、塔中Ⅱ号断裂控制了古隆起的基本构造格局,中央主垒带、塔中10号构造带在中奥陶世已经形成,控制了后期断裂的发育部位,具有明显的多期继承性发育的特征.两侧凹陷沉积了寒武系-下奥陶统和中上奥陶统两套主要烃源岩.塔中地区断裂结构复杂,由南向北的古生代早期逆冲构造控制了塔中地区边缘相带礁滩体以及风化壳岩溶储集层的发育,断裂同时改善了各类储集体的储集性能,形成了塔中地区多套受构造控制而差异分布的储集体.油气自斜坡向隆起高部位运聚、自深层沿断裂垂向运移并聚集的基本态势长期保持不变.塔中古隆起多期构造演化与成藏配置形成志留系-石炭系披覆碎屑岩构造-岩性油藏、上奥陶统沉积相控礁滩型油气藏、奥陶系风化壳型油气藏、寒武系白云岩岩性油气藏等4大勘探领域,勘探方向以寒武-奥陶系碳酸盐岩油气藏为主、志留系-石炭系碎屑岩油气藏为辅.【期刊名称】《新疆石油地质》【年(卷),期】2011(032)003【总页数】7页(P211-217)【关键词】塔里木盆地;隆起;断裂;油气藏形成;寒武系;奥陶系【作者】周新源;李本亮;陈竹新;于红枫;敬兵【作者单位】中国石油塔里木油田分公司,新疆库尔勒841000;中国石油勘探开发研究院盆地构造与油气成藏重点实验室,北京100083;中国石油勘探开发研究院盆地构造与油气成藏重点实验室,北京100083;中国石油塔里木油田分公司勘探开发研究院,新疆库尔勒841000;中国石油塔里木油田分公司勘探开发研究院,新疆库尔勒841000【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TE111塔中隆起位于塔里木盆地中部，西部以吐木休克断裂为界与巴楚断隆相邻，东临塔东低凸起，北部为满加尔凹陷，南部为塘古孜巴斯凹陷，是一个长期发育的继承性古隆起（图1）。

塔中隆起于加里东运动末期形成，海西运动期定型，并遭受燕山—喜马拉雅运动期微弱改造。

天　然　气　工　业Natural Gas Industry 第41卷第3期2021年 3月· 10 ·走滑断裂对碳酸盐岩储层和油气藏的控制作用——以塔里木盆地北部坳陷为例汪如军　王轩　邓兴梁　张银涛　袁敬一　谢舟　李婷　罗枭　马小平中国石油塔里木油田公司摘要：塔里木盆地奥陶系油气勘探前期以塔北隆起、塔中凸起、塔中凸起斜坡区碳酸盐岩岩溶储层类型为主，并且发现了多个碳酸盐岩油气藏。

但是塔北隆起与塔中凸起之间的北部坳陷却未获得油气发现，对储层发育机制及油气成藏模式认识不足制约了其油气勘探进程。

为此，通过对该盆地北部坳陷走滑断裂的解释攻关，在识别走滑断裂的基础上，开展了断裂分层、分段研究，明确了走滑断裂对储层和油气藏形成的控制作用。

研究结果表明：①北部坳陷走滑断裂活动较弱，双重滤波基础上提取振幅变化率属性，可以大幅度提高走滑断裂识别精度，并在北部坳陷识别出走滑断裂34条；②走滑断裂具有纵向分层的特征，形成寒武纪—奥陶纪以高角度线性走滑为主、志留纪—二叠纪以线性构造半花状构造为主、三叠纪—古近纪以雁列构造为主的3套断裂组合；③走滑断裂在平面上具有3分段特征，即形成于构造高点呈正花状的压扭段、明显地堑特征呈负花状的张扭段和断裂活动强度最弱的平移段；④走滑断裂控储控藏特征明显，平面上油气藏主要沿断裂带呈条带状分布，纵向上油气沿断裂带呈多层段分布，形成了9种油气藏模式。

结论认为，基于叠后地震资料解释性处理的走滑断裂综合刻画技术实现了对弱走滑断裂的精细解释；上述9种油气藏模式有效地指导了该盆地北部坳陷的油气勘探部署，实现了该区油气的高效开发。

关键词：塔里木盆地北部坳陷；奥陶系；碳酸盐岩；走滑断裂；储集层；油气藏形成；控制作用DOI: 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2021.03.002Control effect of strike-slip faults on carbonate reservoirs and hydrocarbon accumulation:A case study of the northern depression in the Tarim BasinWANG Rujun, WANG Xuan, DENG Xingliang, ZHANG Yintao, YUAN Jingyi,XIE Zhou, LI Ting, LUO Xiao, MA Xiaoping(PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company, Korla, Xinjiang 841000, China)Natural Gas Industry, Vol.41, No.3, p.10-20, 3/25/2021. (ISSN 1000-0976; In Chinese)Abstract:In the early exploration stage of Ordovician oil and gas in the Tarim Basin, carbonate karst reservoirs in Tabei uplift, Tazhong uplift and the slope of Tazhong uplift are dominant and a great number of carbonate oil and gas reservoirs are discovered. In the northern depression between the Tabei uplift and the Tazhong uplift, however, no oil and gas has been discovered and oil and gas exploration prog-ress is restricted because its reservoir development mechanisms and hydrocarbon accumulation patterns are not understood sufficiently. After identifying the strike-slip faults by researching the interpretation on the strike-slip faults in the northern depression of the Tarim Basin, this paper studies the faults by layers and segments and then clarifies the control effect of strike-slip faults on reservoirs and hy-drocarbon accumulation. And the following research results were obtained. First, the strike-slip fault activity in the northern depression is weaker. The accuracy of strike-slip fault identification can be greatly improved by extracting the attribute of amplitude change rate based on double filtering, and 34 strike-slip faults are identified in the northern depression. Second, strike-slip faults have the characteristics of vertical stratification, and there are three sets of fault combinations that are dominated by high-angle linear strike-slip in Cambrian to Ordovician, linear semi-flower-like structure in Silurian to Permian, and en-echelon structure in Triassic to Paleogene. Third, strike-slip faults present the characteristics of three segments on plane, i.e., the compression and torsion segment of positive flower shape at the structural high, the tension and torsion segment of negative flower shape with obvious graben characteristics, and the translation segment with the weakest fault activity intensity. Fourth, the reservoirs and hydrocarbon accumulation are controlled by strike-slip faults obvious-ly. The oil and gas reservoirs are mainly distributed along the fault belt on plane and oil and gas are distributed in multiple sections along faults in the vertical direction. Thus, there are 9 hydrocarbon accumulation patterns. In conclusion, the fine interpretation of weak strike-slip faults can be realized by virtue of the comprehensive description technology of strike-slip faults based on the interpretive processing of post-stack seismic data. What’s more, these 9 reservoir accumulation patterns effectively guide the exploration deployment in the northern depression of the Tarim Basin and realize the efficient oil and gas development in this area.Keywords: Northern depression of the Tarim Basin, Ordovician; Carbonate rock; Strike-slip fault, Reservoir; Hydrocarbon accumulation; Control effect基金项目：中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项“缝洞型碳酸盐岩油气藏效益开发关键技术研究与应用”（编号：2018E-1806）。

爲比勺夭然毛此仏第42卷第3期OIL&GAS GEOLOGY2021年6月文章编号：0253-9985(2021)03-0717-11doi：10.11743/ogg20210316深层海相碳酸盐岩储层地震预测关键技术与效果以四川盆地震旦系-寒武系与塔里木盆地奥陶系油气藏为例林煜1,李相文1,陈康2,张银涛3,减殿光1,郁智1(1.中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司研究院，河北涿州072750；2.中国石油集团西南油气田分公司勘探开发研究院，四川成都610051；3.中国石油集团塔里木油田分公司勘探开发研究院，新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州841000)摘要：以储层定量化预测为核心的碳酸盐岩油气藏地震表征技术是实现该领域增储上产的重要手段。

中国的油气勘探开发在早期阶段主要集中于中-浅层陆相碎屑岩领域，近二十年来，随着塔河、普光和安岳等西部大气田的发现，深层海相碳酸盐岩的开发前景才逐步明朗。

与国外相比，中国的深层海相碳酸盐岩年代更加古老、地表条件更加复杂、非均质性更强，这些都为储层定量预测带来了巨大的挑战。

以四川盆地震旦系-寒武系礁滩型储层与塔里木盆地奥陶系缝洞型储层为例，在对2类储层地质特点与地震研究难点充分剖析的基础上，系统阐述了针对性的地震预测思路与关键配套技术。

目前，随着“两宽一高”地震采集、井控高保真宽频处理以及相控地震波阻抗反演等核心技术的不断完善，中国深层海相碳酸盐岩油气藏的储层预测已经由定性逐渐转变为半定量，由简单描述转变为储渗单元精细刻画。

此次研究也将为国内外其他碳酸盐岩油气藏精细开发提供借鉴意义。

关键词：“两宽一高”地震采集;高保真宽频处理;储层预测；礁滩型储层;缝洞型储层；深层碳酸盐岩；四川盆地;塔里木盆地中图分类号:TE122.2文献标识码:AKey seismic techniques for predicting deep marine carbonate reservoirs and the effect analysis:A case study on the Sinian-Cambrian reservoirs inthe Sichuan Basin and the Ordovician reservoirs in the Tarim BasinLin Yu1,Li Xiangwen1,Chen Kang2, Zhang Yintao3,Zang Dianguang1,Yu Zhi1(1.Bureau of Geophysics Prospecting Inc.,PetroChina,Zhuozhou,Hebei072750,China；2.Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company,PetroChina,Chengdu,Sichuan610051,China；3.Exploration and Development ReaseachInstitute under Tarim Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Bayingol Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture,Xinjiang841000,Ch加a)Abstract:The seismic characterization of carbonate reservoirs with the quantitative prediction at its core is key to reserve growth and production enhancement.Petroleum exploration and development in China have formerly been focused on middle-t o-s hallow terrestrial clastic rocks.In the past two decades,deep marine carbonate rocks,however,start to shine with the discovery of Tahe,Puguang,Anyue and other large-scale gas fields in the west of the country.In comparison to other countries,the deep marine carbonate reservoirs in China are generally characterized by more complex surface conditions, longer history,and higher heterogeneity,all of which have posed significant challenges to quantitative reservoir prediction.Based on the practices in the Ordovician fractured-vuggy reservoirs in the Tarim Basin and Sinian-Cambrian reef-shoal reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin,we systematically expound on seismic prediction approaches and key supporting technologies targeting at dealing with the difficulties specific to the two types of deep carbonate reservoirs. With continuous progress in technologies such as seismic acquisition with u wide azimuth and broadband as well as high density”(2W1H),high fidelity and broadband data processing for well control,pre-stack impedance inversion constrained by sedimentary facies and other key technologies, the reservoir prediction of deep marine carbonate rocks in China has changed from qualitative description into semi-quantitative prediction,and from simple description into fine depiction of reservoir flow units.The study is also of guiding value to the fine development of carbonate reservoirs in both收稿日期：2019-ll-04；修订日期:2021-04-16o第一作者简介:林煜(1985—)，男，高级工程师，油气藏精细描述与油藏地球物理。

塔里木盆地轮南地区奥陶系沉积储层研究新进展
塔里木盆地轮南地区奥陶系沉积储层研究新进展
近期轮南奥陶系沉积储层研究取得了几个方面的重要进展:发现了两期三套风化壳岩溶储集系统,其中海西期一套,存在于奥陶系顶部,加里东期两套,存在于奥陶系内部;确定了轮古东奥陶系储集层为风化壳岩溶缝洞性储层;发现了桑塔木组礁滩相储集层.桑塔木组沉积早期轮南地区具有成礁环境,局部发育有小型生物礁;修正了以往对奥陶系沉积相的划分,将奥陶系碳酸盐台地边缘的位置东移30 km;提出了奥陶系内部风化壳储层形成的热沉降机制,认为晚奥陶世早期塔里木盆地存在一次热升降运动,该运动使轮南地区发生不均衡抬升,奥陶系良里塔格组出露剥蚀,形成轮南地区广泛分布的风化壳岩溶储集系统,从而揭示了轮南地区奥陶系更为良好的勘探前景.
作者：刘静江刘池洋孙红海 LIU Jing-jiang LIU Chi-yang SUN Hong-hai 作者单位：刘静江,刘池洋,LIU Jing-jiang,LIU Chi-yang(大陆动力学国家重点实验室(西北大学),西北大学地质系,陕西,西安,710069)
孙红海,SUN Hong-hai(塔里木油田开发事业部,新疆,库尔勒,841000)
刊名：中国地质ISTIC PKU 英文刊名：GEOLOGY IN CHINA 年，卷(期)： 2007 34(3) 分类号： P618.130.2+1 关键词：塔里木盆地奥陶系储集层风化壳岩溶古潜山生物礁热沉降。