市场营销Global Pricing

Chapter 12 / 14
Q’2
Q’1
External Factors Affecting Pricing:Competitors’ Costs, Prices and Offers Reactions
Nature of competition Benchmark against competition Learn about competitors’ offers
Sets floor for range of possible prices Fixed Costs
Do not vary with production or sales
Variable Costs
Vary directly with level of production
Total Costs
Chapter 12 / 2
Pricing Considerations: Definition of Price
Amount of money charged for a product or service or the sum of values consumers exchange for the benefits of having or using the product or service
$16 ------ = $20 (1-.2)
Chapter 12 / 18
General Pricing Approaches: Break Even Analysis and Target Profit
Dollars (millions) 12
10
8 6 4
Total revenue Target profit $2 million Total cost

2.1.2 Product Factors (1) Product Value and Positioning (2) Stage of Product Life Cycle—Look at
Mini-Case 8.2
2.2 External Factors
2.2.1 Environmental Factors (1) Taxes (2) Financial Risks
III Developing Pricing Strategies in International Marketing 1. Developing the Pricing Strategies for
Existing Products
1.1 Price Unchanged
Look at Mini-Case 8.4
Situations Applied to Skimming Pricing Strategy—look at Mini-Case 8.5
Advantages of Skimming Pricing Strategy Drawbacks of Skimming Pricing Strategy
Using neutral pricing, companies set an initial price that is lower than that of skimming pricing but higher than that of penetrating pricing.
The neutral price guarantees the profit as well as customers’ acceptance.
1.3 Break-Even Pricing
Break-even point is the point at which the costs and revenues are equal

市场营销专业英语1. Introduction市场营销是一个在不断发展和变化的行业，因此对于市场营销专业人士来说，掌握专业英语是至关重要的。

市场营销专业英语是指与市场营销相关的词汇、短语、表达方式等的英语。

掌握市场营销专业英语，可以帮助市场营销人员更好地理解和应对市场营销的挑战。

本文将介绍一些常用的市场营销专业英语词汇和表达方式。

2. Market Research市场研究是市场营销的重要组成部分，它可以帮助企业了解市场需求和竞争情况。

以下是一些与市场研究相关的英语词汇和表达方式：•Market research (市场研究)•Market analysis (市场分析)•Target market (目标市场)•Consumer behavior (消费者行为)•Competitor analysis (竞争对手分析)•Market segmentation (市场细分)•Market trends (市场趋势)•Data analysis (数据分析)•Survey (调查)•Focus group (焦点小组)3. Marketing Strategy市场营销策略是企业实现营销目标的重要手段。

以下是一些与市场营销策略相关的英语词汇和表达方式：•Marketing strategy (营销策略)•Branding (品牌建设)•Positioning (定位)•Competitive advantage (竞争优势)•Promotion (促销)•Advertising (广告)•Public relations (公关)•Sales promotion (销售促进)•Product launch (产品发布)•Pricing strategy (定价策略)4. Digital Marketing数字营销是近年来快速发展的市场营销方式，它利用互联网和数字技术来进行营销活动。

以下是一些与数字营销相关的英语词汇和表达方式：•Digital marketing (数字营销)•Search engine optimization (搜索引擎优化)•Social media marketing (社交媒体营销)•Content marketing (内容营销)•Email marketing (电子邮件营销)•Pay-per-click advertising (按点击付费广告)•Conversion rate optimization (转化率优化)•Web analytics (网站分析)•Influencer marketing (影响者营销)•Online advertising (在线广告)5. Sales and Customer Relationship Management销售和客户关系管理是市场营销中不可或缺的部分。

单选：20；单词汉译英：10；单词英译汉：10；句子英译汉：30；阅读：10；作文：20营销英语重点整理一、单词：Marketing management 营销管理New products development 新产品开发Sales channel 销售渠道Public relation 公共关系Consumer behavior 消费者行为Marketing research 营销调研Market segmentation 市场细分Sales promotion 销售促进Allowance 折让Brand awareness 品牌意识Brand extension 品牌扩展Brand loyalty 品牌忠诚Breath of product assortment 产品线的宽度Breath or diversity of product lines 产品线的宽度或多样性Buying inertia购买惯性Buying intention 购买意图Market share 市场份额Brand loyalty 品牌忠诚度Intensive distribution 密集分销渠道Selective distribution 选择性分销Exclusive distribution 独家分销Intermediaries brand 中间商品牌Wholesaler 批发商Retailer 零售商Department store 百货公司Supermarket 超市Convenience store 便利店Buying inertia 购买惯性Convenience goods 便利品Customer satisfaction 顾客满意度Customers’ preference 顾客偏好Economies of scale 规模经济Global-market expansion 全球市场扩张Growth rate of market 市场增长率Growth stage of product life cycle 产品生命周期的成长阶段Industry attractiveness 行业吸引Localization strategy 本土化战略Comparative advertisements 比较广告Competition-orientated pricing 竞争导向定价法Customer-orientated pricing 顾客导向定价法Personal selling 人员销售Advertising strategies 广告策略Public relation 公共关系Marketing research 营销调研Product strategy 产品策略Product mix 产品组合The marketing concept 营销观念Consumer market 消费者市场Customer satisfaction 顾客满意Total customer value 顾客总价值Marketing environment 营销环境Market segmentation strategy 市场细分策略Market targeting strategy 目标市场策略Market positioning strategy 市场定位策略Product life cycle 产品市场寿命周期The selling /sales concept 销售观念The product concept 产品观念Marketing management philosophy 市场营销观念Societal marketing concept 社会营销观念Macro-marketing environment 宏观营销环境Product mix 产品组合Customer loyalty 顾客忠诚度Market targeting 目标市场选择Niche-market strategy 利基市场战略Personal selling 人员推销Price discrimination 价格歧视Potential customer 潜在顾客Potential market 潜在市场Product development 产品开发Product positioning 产品定位Segmentation criteria 细分标准Specialty goods 特殊产品二、句子：1、The societal marketing concept holds that the organization should determine the needs, wants, and interests of target markets. It should then deliver superior value to customers in a way that maintains or improves the consumer’s and the society’s well-being. The societal marketing concept is the newest of the five marketing management philosophies.翻译：社会营销观念认为一个组织应该确定目标市场的需求和兴趣，然后应以一种方式向顾客提供最大价值，这种方式必须保持和改进消费者及整个社会的福利水平。