以辅音字母加y结尾的动词
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动词规则和不规则的变化,归类助记规则动词的过去式变化如下:(1)⼀般情况下,动词词尾加ed ,如:Worked;played ;wanted ;acted(2)以不发⾳的 e 结尾动词,动词词尾加d,如:lived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped(3)以辅⾳字母+ y结尾的动词,把y变为i 再加ed,如:Studied;tried ;copied ;justified ;cried;carried ;embodied ;emptied(4)以⼀个辅⾳字母结尾的重读闭⾳节动词,双写词尾辅⾳字母,再加ed,如:Stopped;begged ;fretted;dragged;dropped;planned ;dotted ;dripped另外还有⼀些以⾮重读闭⾳节结尾的规则动词变过去分词也要双写最后⼀个辅⾳字母,再加"ed"。
如:kidnap—kidnapped,worship—worshipped(5)以ic结尾的动词,要把ic变成ick再加ed,如:picnic—picnicked ;traffic—trafficked不规则动词变化如下:⼀、AAA型(过去式、过去分词与原形相同)原形过去式过去分词含义1 cost cost cost 值(多少)钱2 cut cut cut 切,割,砍3 fit fit fit 适合;合⾝4 hit hit hit 伤害,伤痛5 hurt hurt hurt 撞,打6 let let let 让7 put put put 放8 read read read 读9 set set set 树⽴;创造;落⼭10 shut shut shut 关闭;合拢⼆、ABA型(过去分词与原形相同,但与过去式不同)序号原形过去式过去分词词义1 come came come 来2 become became become 变为3 run ran run 跑;经营三、 ABB型(过去分词与过去式相同,但与原形不同)原形过去式过去分词词义1 bring brought brought 带来2 build built built 建⽴3 burn burnt/burned burnt/burned 烧伤4 catch caught caught 赶上5 dig dug dug 挖掘6 feel felt felt 感觉7 fight fought fought 战⽃8 find found found 发现9 get got got 得到10 hang hung/hanged hung/hanged 悬挂11 have/has had had 有12 hear heard heard 听到13 hide hid hid 隐藏14 hold held held 拿住15 keep kept kept 保持16 lay laid laid 放置17 learn learnt /learned learnt /learned 学习18 leave left left 离开19 lend lent lent 借给20 lose lost lost 失去21 make made made 做22 mean meant/meant/ meant/meant/ 意思23 meet met met 相遇24 pay paid paid 付款25 say said said 说26 sell sold sold 卖27 send sent sent 送28 shine shone shone 发出光29 sink sunk/sank sunk/sunken 淹没30 sit sat sat 坐31 sleep slept slept 睡觉32 smell smelt smelt 嗅觉33 spell spelled/spelt spelled/spelt 拼写34 spill spilt spilt 溢出35 spit spat spat 吐出36 spoil spoilt spoilt 变质37 stand stood stood 台38 sweep swept swept 打扫39 teach taught taught 教40 tell told told 告诉41 think thought thought 想42 understand understood understood 理解43 wake waked/woke waked/woke/woken 醒来44 win won won 赢四、ABC型之⼀(过去分词以en结尾)原形过去式过去分词词义1 beat beat beaten 跳动2 break broke broken 破3 choose chose chosen 挑选4 eat ate eaten 吃,喝5 fall fell fallen 落下6 forget forgot forgotten 忘记7 freeze froze frozen 使结冰8 give gave given 给予9 mistake mistook mistaken 错误10 ride rode ridden 乘11 rise rose risen 升起12 speak spoke spoken 说13 take took taken 拿,取14 write wrote written 写ABC型之⼆(⽆规律型)序号原形过去式过去分词序号原形过去式过去分词1 am, is was been 5 go went gone2 are were been 6 lie(躺) lay lain3 do did done 7 see saw seen4 draw drew drawn 8 wear wore wornABC型之三(情态动词)序号原形过去式过去分词序号原形过去式过去分词1 can could / 4 shall should /2 may might / 5 will would3 must / /归纳记忆法⼀、过去式,过去分词相同:1.去掉字母组合ee中的⼀个emeet/met/met feed/fed/fed2. 去掉字母组合ee中的⼀个e,然后再在词尾加tfeel/felt/felt sleep/slept/sleptkeep/kept/kept sweep/swept/swept3. 词尾为的ll 去掉⼀个l加tspell/spelt/spelt smell/smelt/smeltspill/spilt/spilt4. 过去式和过去分词以aught或ought结尾(有a则a,⽆a则o)catch/caught/caught teach/taught/taughtbring/brought/brought buy/bought/boughtthink/thought/thought6. 将stand改为stoodstand/stood/stood understand/understood/understood7. 将ay改为aidlay/laid/laid pay/paid/paidsay/said/said8. 将d改为tlend/lent/lent send/sent/sentspend/spent/spent build/built/built9. 将i改为a , o, u等sit/sat/sat spit/spat/spatwin/won/won dig/dug/dug10. 将ell改为oldtell/told/told sell/sold/sold11. 词尾加tlearn/learnt/learnt mean/meant/meant dream/dreamt/dreamt spoil/spoilt/spoilt12. 有两种过去式和过去分词, ⼀种是不规则的, ⼀种是规则的learn/learnt/learnt learn/learned/learned shine/shone/shone shine/shined/shinedhang/hung/hung hang/hanged/hanged smell/smelt/smelt smell/smelled/smelled 13. 其它have(has)/had/had hear/heard/heardshoot/shot/shot lose/lost/losthold/held/held get/got/got(gotten)find/found/found make/made/madeleave/left/left⼆、三者均不同:1.过去式以ew结尾、过去分词以own结尾blow/blew/blown fly/flew/flowngrow/grew/grown know/knew/known throw/threw/thrown值得注意的是:show/showed/shown或showeddraw/drew/drawn2.改i为a变成过去式、改i为u变成过去分词begin/began/begun drink/drank/drunk ring/rang/rung sing/sang/sungswim/swam/swum sink/sank/sunk3.改i为o变成过去式,过去分词以n结尾drive/drove/driven write/wrote/written rise/rose/risen ride/rode/ridden4.原形后加(e)n变成过去分词drive/drove/driven rise/rose/riseneat/ate/eaten fall/fell/fallengive/gave/given5.过去式后加(e) n变成过去分词break/broke/broken choose/chose/chosen freeze/froze/frozen mistake/mistook/mistakensteal/stole/stolen speak/spoke/spokentake/took/taken wake/woke/woken(或woke)6.其它be/was或were/been do/did/doneforget/forgot/forgotten go/went/gonehide/hid/hidden see/saw/seenwear/wore/worn7.有两种过去式和过去分词,但词义相同。
动词分词变化规则动词分词有两种形式:现在分词(-ing)和过去分词(-ed)。
它们的变化规则如下:现在分词:- 一般情况下,在动词原形后面加上 -ing。
例如:walk → walking,eat → eating,talk → talking- 以不发音辅音字母 + y 结尾的动词,先将 y 变成 i 再加 -ing。
例如:carry → carrying,study → studying,fly → flying- 以“辅音字母 + 元音字母 + 辅音字母”结尾的动词,双写结尾的辅音字母再加 -ing。
例如:stop → stopping,commit → committing,forget → forgetting- 有些动词形式会改变,变化规则不一定相同,如:begin → beginning,go → going,lie → lying,see → seeing过去分词:- 一般情况下,在动词原形后面加上 -ed。
例如:talk → talked,listen → listened,play → played- 以不发音辅音字母 + y 结尾的动词,先将 y 变成 i 再加 -ed。
例如:carry → carried,study → studied,fly → flown- 以“辅音字母 + 元音字母 + 辅音字母”结尾的动词,双写结尾的辅音字母再加 -ed。
例如:stop → stopped,commit → committed,forget → forgotten- 有些动词的过去分词形式与原形相同,如:bet → bet,cut → cut,put → put。
英语单词变形规则大全一、名词复数变形规则。
1. 一般情况。
- 规则:在名词后加 -s。
- 例词:book[bʊk] - books[bʊks];pen[pen] - pens[pens]。
- 词性:名词(n.)2. 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词。
- 规则:加 -es。
- 例词:bus[bʌs] - buses[ˈbʌsɪz];box[bɒks] - boxes[ˈbɒksɪz];watch[wɒtʃ] - watches[ˈwɒtʃɪz];dish[dɪʃ] - dishes[ˈdɪʃɪz]。
- 词性:名词(n.)3. 以辅音字母 + y结尾的名词。
- 规则:把y变为i,再加 -es。
- 例词:city[ˈsɪti] - cities[ˈsɪtiz];baby[ˈbeɪbi] - babies[ˈbe ɪbɪz]。
- 词性:名词(n.)4. 以f或fe结尾的名词。
- 规则:把f或fe变为v,再加 -es。
- 例词:knife[naɪf] - knives[naɪvz];leaf[li:f] - leaves[li:vz]。
- 部分特例:roof[ru:f] - roofs[ru:fs](直接加 -s)。
5. 以o结尾的名词。
- 规则:- 有生命的加 -es,如:potato[pəˈteɪtəʊ] - potatoes[pəˈteɪtəʊz];tomato[təˈmɑ:təʊ] - tomatoes[təˈmɑ:təʊz]。
- 无生命的加 -s,如:photo[ˈfəʊtəʊ] - photos[ˈfəʊtəʊz];piano[piˈænəʊ] - pianos[piˈænəʊz]。
- 词性:名词(n.)二、动词第三人称单数变形规则(与名词复数变形规则有相似之处)1. 一般情况。
- 规则:在动词后加 -s。
- 例词:like[laɪk] - likes[laɪks];play[pleɪ] - plays[pleɪz]。
名词变复数、形容词变副词、动词各种变化规则一、名词的常见5种复数变化形式
2.特殊名词的变化
二、形容词转化为副词的规律。
三、英语动词般现在时第三人称单数形式、现在分词、过去分词变化规律。
1.一般现在时第三人称单数形式的构成
2.现在分词的构成
3.规则动词的过去式、过去分词的构成
四、不规则动词变化规律
一、AAA型(原形→原形→原形)
二、ABA型(原形→过去式→原形)
三、ABC型
1. ow →ew →own
2. i→a →u
3. 原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n
4. 原形→过去式→原形+(e)n
5. 无规律
四、ABB型
1. 原形→ought →ought
2. 原形→aught →aught
3. 变其中一个元音字母
4. 原形→□lt→□lt
5. 变其中一个辅音字母
6.辅音字母和元音字母都变
五、AAB型
六、过去式、过去分词有两种形式
七、情态动词。