高级英语2 修辞练习 及 答案

高中英语作文高级表达与修辞手法运用练习题30题(带答案)1. The movie was so ______ that I couldn't stop crying.A. movingB. interestingC. funnyD. exciting答案：A。

解析：moving表示令人感动的，它比interesting（有趣的）、funny（滑稽的）、exciting（令人兴奋的）在表达情感上更能体现出那种能让人落泪的深刻触动。

interesting侧重于引起兴趣，funny侧重于滑稽搞笑，exciting侧重于使人兴奋，而moving专门用于形容事物具有感人的特质。

2. His ______ performance in the competition won him the first prize.A. outstandingB. goodC. normalD. usual答案：A。

解析：outstanding意为杰出的、卓越的。

good是一个比较宽泛的表示好的词汇，normal表示正常的，usual表示通常的。

outstanding比good在表达上更加强烈，能够更精准地形容在比赛中表现非常优秀从而获得一等奖的这种情况。

3. The old building has a certain ______ charm.A. antiqueB. oldC. ancientD. former答案：A。

解析：antique有古旧的、古董的、古风的意思，它比单纯的old（老的）更能传达出一种带有历史价值、艺术价值的古老韵味。

ancient更多强调年代久远，former侧重于之前的，而antique 更能体现出旧建筑独特的魅力。

4. She gave a ______ explanation for her absence.A. plausibleB. possibleC. maybeD. likely答案：A。

高级英语第二册修辞复习Lesson 11 We can batten down and ride it out.--metaphor2 Everybody out the back door to the cars!--elliptical sentence3 Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them.-simile4 A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet through the air.--personification4 Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point--transferred epithet5 Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees,and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads-metaphor ,simile Lesson 41 Let the word go forth from this time and place,to friend and foe alike,that thetorch has been passed to a new generation of Americans,born in this century,tempered by war,disciplined by a hard and bitter peace,proud of ourancient heritage,and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of thesehuman rights to which this nation has always been committed,and to which we arecommitted today at home and around the world.—alliteration2 Let every nation know,whether it wishes us well or ill,that we shall pay anyprice,bear any burden,meet any hardship,support any friend,oppose any foe toassure the survival and the success of liberty—parallelism3 United,there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures.Divided,thereis little we can do,for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and splitasunder.—antithsis4 …in the past,those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tigerended up inside.—metaphorLesson511 Charles Lamb,as merry and enterprising a fellow as you will meet in a month ofSundays,unfettered the informal essay with his memorable Old China andDream’s Children.—metaphor2 Read,then,the following essay which undertakes to demonstrate that logic,farfrom being a dry,pedantic discipline,is a living,breathingthing,full ofbeauty,passion,and trauma.—metaphor,hyperbole3 Back and forth his head swiveled,desire waxing,resolution waning.—antithesis4 It is not often that one so young has such a giant intellect. Take, for example,Petey Butch, my roommate at the University of Minnesota. Same age, samebackground, but dumb as an ox. —hyperbole,simile5 Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind,a few embersstillsmoldered.Maybe somehow I could fan them into flame.—metaphor,extendedmetaphorLesson71 Here was the very heart of industrial America,the center of its most lucrative andcharacteristic activity,the boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation everseen on earth—and here was a scene so dreadfully hideous,so intolerably bleakand forlorn that it reduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre anddepressing joke.—metaphor,hyperbole,antithetical contrast2 Here was wealth beyond computation,almost beyond imagination—and here werehuman habitations so abominable that they would have disgraced a race of alleycats.—hyperbole,antithetical contrast3 Obviously,if there were architects of any professional sense or dignity in theregion,they would have perfected a chalet to hug the hillsides—a chalet with ahighpitched roof,to throw off the heavy winter snows,but still essentially a lowand clinging building,wider than it was tall.—sarcasm4 And one and all they are streaked in grime,with dead and eczematous patches ofpaint peeping through the streaks.—metaphor5 When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an egg long past allhope or caring.—ridicule ,irony,metaphor26 I award this championship only after laborious research and incessantprayer.—irony7 Safe in a Pullman, I have whirled through the gloomy,God-forsaken villages ofIowa and Lansas,and the malarious tidewater hamlets of Georgia.—antonomasia8 It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius,uncompromisingly inimical to man,haddevoted all the ingenuity of Hell to the making of them.—hyperbole ,irony9 They like it as it is:beside it,the Parthenon would no doubt offend them.—irony10 It is that of a Presbyterian grinning.—metaphorLesson81 One speaks of”human relations”and one means the most inhuman relations,thosebetween alienated automatons;one speaks of happiness and means the perfectroutinization which has driven out the last doubt and all spontaneity.—parallismLesson101 The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to themiddle-aged and curious questionings by the young:memories of the deliciouslyillicit thrill of the first visit to a speakeasy,of the brave denunciationg of Puritanmorality,and of the fashionable experimentations in amour in the parked sedan ona country road;questions about the naughty,jazzy parties,theflask-toting”sheik”,and the moral a nd stylistic vagaries of the “flapper”and the“drug-store cowboy”.—transferred epithet2 War or no war,as the generations passed,it became increasingly difficult for ouryoung people to accept standards of behavior that bore no relationship to thebustling business medium in which they were expected to battle for success.—metaphor3 The prolonged stalemate of 1915-1916,the increasing insolence of Germanytoward the United States,and our official reluctance to declare our status as abelligerent were intolerable to many of our idealistic citizens,and with typicalAmerican adventurousness enhanced somewhat by the strenuous jingoism ofTheodore Roosevelt,our young men began to enlist under foreignflags.—metonymy34 Before long the movement had be-come officially recognized by the pulpit (whichdenounced it), by the movies and magazines (which made itattractively naughtywhile pretending to denounce it), and by advertising (whichobliquely encouragedit by 'selling everything from cigarettes to automobiles with the implied promisethat their owners would be rendered sexually irresistible).—metonymy5 Younger brothers and sisters of the war generation,who had been playing withmarbles and dolls during the battles of Belleau Wood andChateau-Thierry,andwho had suffered no real disillusionment or sense of loss,now began to imitate themanners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion.—metaphor6 These defects would disappear if only creative art were allowed to show the wayto better things,but since the country was blind and deaf to everything save theglint and ring of the dollar,there was little remedy for the sensitive mind but toemigrate to Europe where”they do thingsbetter.”—personification,metonymy ,synecdoche7 The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian socialstructure,and by precipitating our young people into a pattern of mass murder itreleased their inhibited violent energies which,after the shooting was over,wereturned in both Europe and America to the destruction of an obsolescent nineteenthcentury society.—metaphorLesson121 When it did,I like many a writer befor me upon the discovery that his props haveall been knocked out from under him,suffered a species of breakdown ad wascarried off to the mountains of Switzerland.—metaphor2 Tere,in that absolutely alabaster landscape armed with two Bessie Smith recordsand a typewriter I began to try to recreate the life that I hadfirst known as a childand from which I had spent so many years in flight.—metaphor3 Once I was able to accept my role—as distinguished,I mustsay,frommy”place”—in the extraordinary drama which is America,I was released from theillusion that I hated America.—metaphor44 It is not meant,of course,to imply that it happens to them all,for Europe can bevery crippling too;and,anyway,a writer,when he has made his first breakthrough,has simply won a crucial skirmish in adangerous,unending andunpredictable battle.—metaphor5 Whatever the Europeans may actually think of artists,they have killed enough ofthem off by now to know that they are as real—and as persisten—as rain,snow,taxes or businessmen.—simile6 In this endeavor to wed the vision of the Old World with that of the New,it is thewriter,not the statesman,who is our strongest arm.—metaphor5。

高中英语作文高级表达与修辞手法运用练习题30题(答案解析)1.The girl's smile is like a flower. Which of the following is the most appropriate simile to describe a boy's laugh?A.The boy's laugh is like a thunder.B.The boy's laugh is like a bird.C.The boy's laugh is like a river.D.The boy's laugh is like a cloud.答案解析：A。

选项A 把男孩的笑声比作雷声，比较有力量感，符合男孩通常比较爽朗的笑声特点。

选项B 把笑声比作鸟，比较轻柔，不太符合男孩的笑声。

选项C 把笑声比作河流，不太能体现男孩笑声的特点。

选项D 把笑声比作云，比较缥缈，也不适合形容男孩的笑声。

2.The sun is very bright. It is like a big ball of fire. Which of the following is a better simile to describe the moon?A.The moon is like a white plate.B.The moon is like a silver coin.C.The moon is like a diamond.D.The moon is like a yellow flower.答案解析：B。

选项B 把月亮比作银币，体现了月亮的银色光辉和圆形形状。

选项A 把月亮比作白色盘子，比较普通。

选项C 把月亮比作钻石，不太恰当，钻石比较闪耀，和月亮的柔和光辉不太相符。

选项D 把月亮比作黄色花朵，完全不恰当。

3.Her eyes are as beautiful as jewels. Which of the following is a suitable simile for his hair?A.His hair is like gold.B.His hair is like grass.C.His hair is like silk.D.His hair is like a rock.答案解析：C。

Lesson11 We can batten down and ride it out.--metaphor2 Everybody out the back door to the cars!--elliptical sentence3 Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them.-simile4 Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point--transferred epithet5 Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads-metaphor, simileLesson21 The little crowd of mourners –all men and boys, no women—threaded their way across the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, wailing a short chant over and over again.—elliptical sentence2 A carpenter sits cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed.—historical present, transferred epithet3 Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—synecdoche4 As the storks flew northward the Negroes were marching southward—a long, dusty column, infantry, screw-gun batteries, andthen more infantry, four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.—onomatopoetic words symbolism5 Not hostile, not contemptuous, not sullen, not even inquisitive.—elliptical sentence6 And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column, a mile or two miles of armed men, flowing peacefully up the road, while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction, glittering like scraps of paper.—simileLesson31The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks, or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.—metaphor2They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived side by side with each other, did not delve into, each other’s lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings.—simile3It was on such an occasion the other evening, as the conversation moved desultorily here and there, from the most commonplace to thoughts of Jupiter, without and focus and with no need for one that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place, and all at once they was a focus.—metaphor4The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and its seedsmultiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth.—simile5Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King’s English slips and slides in conversation.—metaphor ,alliteration 6When E.M. Forster writes of ―the sinister corridor of our age,‖ we sit up at the vividness of the phrase, the force and even terror in the image.—metaphorLesson51Charles Lamb, as merry and enterprising a fellow as you will meet in a month of Sundays, unfettered the informal essay with his memorable Old China and Dream’s Children.—metaphor2Read, then, the following essay which undertakes to demonstrate that logic, far from being a dry, pedantic discipline, is a living, breathing thing, full of beauty, passion, and trauma.—metaphor, hyperbole3Back and forth his head swiveled, desire waxing, resolution waning.—antithesis4What’s Polly to me, or me to Polly?—parody5This loomed as a project of no small dimensions, and at first I was tempted to give her back to Petey.==understatement6Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still smoldered. Maybe somehow I could fan them into flame.—metaphor, extended metaphorLesson71Here was the very heart of industrial America, the center of its most lucrative and characteristic activity, the boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earth—and here wasa scene so dreadfully hideous, so intolerably bleak and forlornthat it reduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre and depressing joke.—metaphor, hyperbole, antithetical contrast 2Here was wealth beyond computation, almost beyond imagination—and here were human habitations so abominable that they would have disgraced a race of alley cats.—hyperbole, antithetical contrast3The country itself is not uncomely, despite the grime of the endless mills.—litotes, understatement4Obviously, if they were architects of any professional sense or dignity in the region, they would have perfected a chalet to hug the hillsides—a chalet with a high pitched roof, to throw off the heavy winter snows, but still essentially a low and clinging building, wider than it was tall.—sarcasm5And one and all they are streaked in grime, with dead and eczematous patches of paint peeping through the streaks.—metaphor6When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of anegg long past all hope or caring.—ridicule ,irony, metaphor7I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer.—irony8Safe in a Pullman, Ihave whirled through the gloomy, God-forsaken villages of Iowa and Lansas, and the malarious tidewater hamlets of Georgia.—antonomasia9It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius, uncompromisingly inimical to man, had devoted all the ingenuity of Hell to the making of them.—hyperbole ,irony10They like it as it is: beside it, the Parthenon would no doubt offend them.—irony11It is that of a Presbyterian grinning.—metaphorLesson101The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged and curious questionings by the young: memories of the deliciously illicit thrill of the first visit to a speakeasy, of the brave denunciation of Puritan morality, and of the fashionable experimentations in amour in the parked sedan ona country road; questions about the naughty, jazzy parties, theflask-toting‖ sheik‖ , and the moral and stylistic vagaries of the ―flapper‖ and the ―drug-store cowboy‖.—transferred epithet2Second, in the United States it was reluctantly realized bysome—subconsciously if not openly—that our country was no longer isolated in either politics or tradition and that we had reached an international stature that would forever prevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincial morality or the geographical protection of our two bordering oceans.—metaphor3War or no war, as the generations passed, it became increasingly difficult for our young people to accept standards of behavior that bore no relationship to the bustling business medium in which they were expected to battle for success.—metaphor4The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure, and by precipitation our young people into a pattern of mass murder it released their inhibited violent energies which, after the shooting was over, were turned in both Europe and America to the destruction of an obsolescent nineteenth century society.—metaphor5The prolonged stalemate of 1915-1916,the increasing insolence of Germany toward the United States, and our official reluctance to declare our status as a belligerent were intolerable to many of our idealistic citizens, and with typical American adventurousness enhanced somewhat by the strenuous jingoism of Theodore Roosevelt, our young men began to enlist under foreignflags.—metonymy6Their energies had been whipped up and their naive destroyed by the war and now, in sleepy Gopher Prairies all over the country, they were being asked to curb those energies and resume the pose of self-deceiving Victorian innocence that they now felt to be as outmoded as the notion that their fighting had “made the world safe for democracy‖.—metaphor7After the war, it was only natural that hopeful young writers, their minds and pens inflamed against war, Babbittry, and‖ Puritanical‖gentility, should flock to the traditional artistic center(where living was still cheap in 1919)to pour out their new-found creative strength, to tear down the old world, to flout ht morality of their grandfathers, and to give all to art, love, and sensation.—metonymy synecdoche8Younger brothers and sisters of the war generation, who had been playing with marbles and dolls during the battles of Belleau Wood and Chateau-Thierry, and who had suffered no real disillusionment or sense of loss, now began to imitate the manners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion.—metaphor9These defects would disappear if only creative art were allowed to show the way to better things, but since the country was blindand deaf to everything save the glint and ring of the dollar, there was little remedy for the sensitive mind but to emigrate to Europe where‖they do things better.‖—personification, metonymy ,synecdoche。

高级英语-第二册-修辞-最全整理高级英语第二册修辞Lesson 11The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks,or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.—metaphor 2They are like the musketeers of Dumas who,although they lived side by side with each other,did not delve into,each other’s lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings.—simile 3It was on such an occasion te other evening,as the conversation moved desultorily here and there,from the most commonplace to thoughts of Jupiter,without and focus and with no need for one that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place,and all at once there was a focus.—metaphor4The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock,and its seeds multiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth.—simile 5Even with the most educated and the most literate,the King’s English slips and slides in conversation.—metaphor ,alliteration6When E.M.Fors ter writes of “the sinister corridor of our age,”we sit up at the vividness of the phrase,the force and even terror in the image.—metaphor7. I have an unending love affair with dictionaries. Metaphor, personification8. Perhaps above all, one would not have been engaged by interest in the musketeer who raised thesubject, wondering more about her. Metaphor9. and no one has any idea where the conversation will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows. Metaphor10 The conversation is on the wings. Metaphor11. They did not delve into each other’s lives or the recesses of t heir thoughts and feelings. Metaphor12. The glow of the conversation burst into flames.MetaphorLesson21 The little crowd of mourners –all men and boys,no women—threaded their way across the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels,wailing a short chant over and over again.—elliptical sentence2 A carpenter sits-cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe,turning chair-legs at lightning speed.—,transferred epithet3 Still,a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—synecdoche4 As the storks flew northward the Negroes were marching southward—a long,dusty column,infantry,screw-gun batteries,antitheft more infantry,four or five thousand men in all,winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.—onomatopoetic words symbolism5 Not hostile,not contemptuous,not sullen,not even inquisitive.—elliptical sentence6 And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column,a mile or two miles of armed men,flowing peacefully up the road,while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction,glittering like scraps of paper.—simile7 … there was a frenzied rush of Jews, many of them old grandfathers with flowing grey beards,all clamoring for a cigarette. Transferred epithet8. four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road witha clumping of boots and a clatter ofiron wheels. Onomatopoeia9. Are they really the same flesh as your self? Do they evenhave names? Or are they merely a kind of undifferentiated brown stuff, about as individual as bees or coral insects?Rhetorical question10. Long lines of women, bent double like inverted capital Ls, work their way slowly across the fields. Simile11. Sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers, like clouds of flies.simileLesson 31Let the word go forth from this time and place,to friend and foe alike,that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans,born in this century,tempered by war,disciplined by a hard and bitter peace,proud of our ancient heritage,and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of these human rights to which this nation has always been committed,and to which we are committed today at home and around the world.—alliteration2Let every nation know,whether it wishes us well or ill,that we shall pay any price,bear any burden,meet any hardship,support any friend,oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty.—parataxis consonance3United,there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures.Divided,there is little we can do,for we dare not meet a power full challenge at odds and split asunder.—antithesis 4…in the past,those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.—metaphor5Let us never negotiate out of fear,but let us never fear to negotiate.—regression6All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—historical allusion,climax7And so,my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you;ask what you can do for your country.—contrast, winding8. Together let us explore the stars, conquer the deserts, eradicate disease, tap the ocean depths and encourage the arts and commerce. Parallelism9. We shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foeto assure the survival and the success of liberty. Parallelism (or parallel structure) and Alliteration10. And if a beachhead of co-operation my push back the jungle of suspicion, let both sides joinin creating a new endeavor. Metaphor11 We observe today not a victory of part but a celebration of freedom, symbolizing an end as wellas a beginning, signifying renewal as well as a change. Parallelism (or parallel structure)12. Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that …Alliteration13. But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers. metaphor14. Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems whichdivide us. antithesis15. For only when our arms are sufficient beyond doubt can we be certain beyond doubt that they will never be employed. repetitionLesson 41Charles Lamb,as merry and enterprising a fellow as you will meet in a month of Sundays,unfettered the informal essay withhis memorable Old Chi na and Dream’s Children.—metaphor 2Read,then,the following essay which undertakes to demonstrate that logic,far from being a dry,pedantic discipline,is a living,breathing thing,full of beauty,passion,and trauma.—metaphor,hyperbole3Back and forth his head swiveled,desire waxing,resolution waning.—antithesis4What’s Polly to me,or me to Polly?—parody5This loomed as a project of no small dimensions,and at first I was tempted to give her back to Petey.==understatement6Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind,a few embers still smoldered.Maybe somehow I could fan them into flame.—metaphor,extended metaphor7. I said with a mysterious wink and closed my bag and left. Transferred epithet8. There follows an informal essay that ventures even beyond Lamb’s f rontier. metaphor9. After all, surgeons have X-rays to guide them during an operation, lawyers have briefs to guidethem during a grail, metonymy10. In fact, she veered in the opposite direction. understatement11. but I was not one to let my heart rule my head. M etonymy12. You are guilty of Post Hoc if you blame Eula Becker for the rain. M etonymy13. Otherwise you have committed a Dicto Simpliciter. M etonymy14. It is, after all, easier to make a beautiful dumb girl smart than to make an ugly smart girlbeautiful. Antithesis15. Look at me --- a brilliant student, a tremendous intellectual, a man with an assured future. Lookat Petey --- a knot-head, a jitterbug, a guy who’ll never know where his next meal is coming from.Antithesis16. There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear.Synecdoche17. Could Carlyle do more? Could Ruskin? Rhetorical question18. I cited instances, pointed out flaws, kept hammering away without let-up. It waslike digging a tunnel. Simile19. My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist’s scales, aspenetrating as a scalpel.Simile and Hyperbole20. My brain, that precision instrument, slipped into high gear. metaphor21. It is not often that one so young has such a giant intellect. HyperboleLesson 51The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged and curious questionings by the young:”.—transferred epithet2Second,in the United States it was reluctantly realized by some—subconsciously if not openly—that our country was no longer isolated in either politics or tradition and that we had reached an international stature that would forever prevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincial morality or the geographical protection of our two bordering oceans.—metaphor3War or no war,as the generations passed,it became increasingly difficult for our young people to accept standards of behavior that bore no relationship to the bustling business medium in which they were expected to battle for success.—metaphor4The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure,—metaphor5The prolonged stalemate of 1915-1916,the increasing insolence of Germany toward the United States,and our official reluctance to declare our status as a belligerent were intolerable to many of our idealistic citizens,and with typical American adventurousness enhanced somewhat by the strenuous jingoism of Theodore Roosevelt,our young men began to enlist under foreign flags.—metonymy6After the war,it was only natural that hopeful young writers,their minds and pens inflamed against war,Babbittry,and”Puritanical”gentility,should flock to the traditional artistic center(where living was still cheap in 1919)to pour out their new-found creative strength,to tear down the old world, to flout ht morality of their grandfathers,and to give all to art,love,and sensation.—metonymy7Younger brothers and sisters of the war generation,who had been playing with marbles and dolls during the battles of Belleau Wood and Chateau-Thierry,and who had suffered no real disillusionment or sense of loss,now began to imitate the manners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion.—metaphor8These defects would disappear if only creative art were allowed to show the way to better things,but since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of thedollar,there was little remedy for the sensitive mind but to emigrate to Europe where”they do things better.”—personification,metonymy ,synecdoche9. The important book rather grandiosely entitled Civilization in the United States, was the rallyingpoint of sensitive persons disgusted with America. metaphor10. Their very homes were often uncomfortable to them; they had outgrown town andFamilies.... metaphor11. Since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of the dollar, there was little remedy for… Metonymy and Personification12. Before long the movement had become officially recognized by the pulpit which denounced it. Metonymy13. until the crash of the world economic structure at the end of the decade called the party to ahalt and… metaphorLesson 61The condescending view from the fiftieth floor of the city’s crow ds below cuts these people off from humanity.—transferred epithet2So much of well-to-do America now lives antiseptically in enclaves, tranquil and luxurious, that shut out the world.—synecdoche, metaphor3Sitcoms cloned and canned in Hollywood —alliteration; metaphor4Tin Pan Alley .— metonymy5New York was never Mecca to me. .— metonymy; metaphor 6Nature constantly yields to man in New York .—personification7So does an attitude which sees the public only in terms of large, malleable numbers .—as impersonally as does the clattering subway turnstile beneath the office towers. .—simile;onomatopoeia8Those paintings don’t sell do illustrations; those who can’t get acting jobs do commercials;those who are writing ambitious novels sustain themselves on the magazines —parallelism 9“So what else is new?” .—rhetorical question10The defeated are not hidden away somewhere else on the wrong side of town .—euphemism 11All have their little sovereignties, all are sizable enough to be….. .— metaphor 12Characteristically, the city swallows up the United Nations and refuses to take it seriously .—personificationLesson 101. The defeated are not hidden away somewhere else on the wrong side of the town.2. His choice of a vocation does not cause him any uneasy wonderas to whether or not it will cost him all his friends. Transferred epithetSimileand as persistent—as rain, snow, taxes or businessmenIt is as though he suddenly came out of a dark tunnel and found himself beneath the open sky. Metaphorhis props have all been knocked out from under himarmed with two Bessie Smith records …accept my role in the extraordinary drama which is America…when he has made his first breakthrough, has simply won a crucial skirmish in … unpredictable b attle.It is not until he is released from the habit of flexing hismuscles…an American writer fights his way to one of the lowest rungs…to step out of that lukewarm bath…Even the most incorrigible maverick has to be born somewhere.An American writer fights his way to one of the lowest rungs on the American social ladder. Simile明喻Metaphor暗喻Alliteration头韵法Antithesis 对照，对比，对偶Transferred Epithet 移就Metonymy 借喻，转喻Synecdoche 提喻Synaesthesia通感Personification 拟人Hyperbole 夸张Parallelism 排比Euphemism 委婉语Repetition重复Irony 讽刺，反语Pun 双关Rhetorical question 修辞疑问Oxymoron 矛盾修饰法Climax 渐进法，层进法Anticlimax 渐降法Onomatopoeia 拟声Allusion 隐喻Antonomasia 换称。

The Review of Advanced English (Book 1)一、修辞（rhetoric）Ⅰ. 修辞手法：1）明喻（simile）是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体之间的相似关系，两者都在对比中出现。

常用比喻词like, as, as if, as though等。

2）隐喻（metaphor）这种比喻不用比喻词进行，而直接将甲事物当作乙事物来描写，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。

3）提喻（synecdoche）又称举隅法，主要特点是局部代表全体，或以全体喻指部分，或以抽象代具体，或以具体代抽象。

[用部分代整体，有隶属关系]4）借代（metonymy）是指两种不同事物并不相似，但又密不可分，因而常用其中一种事物名称代替另一种。

[用部分代整体，非隶属关系]5）拟人（personification）这种修辞方法是把人类的特点、特性加于外界事物之上，使之人格化，以物拟人，以达到彼此交融，合二为一。

6）叠言（rhetorical repetition）这种修辞法是指在特定的语境中，将相同的结构，相同意义词组成句子重叠使用，以增强语气和力量。

7）双关语（pun）是以一个词或词组，用巧妙的办法同时把互不关联的两种含义结合起来，以取得一种诙谐有趣的效果。

8）拟声（onomatopoeia）是摹仿自然界中非语言的声音，其发音和所描写的事物的声音很相似，使语言显得生动，富有表现力。

9）讽刺（irony）是指用含蓄的褒义词语来表示其反面的意义，从而达到使本义更加幽默，更加讽刺的效果。

10）通感（synesthesia）是指在某个感官所产生的感觉，转到另一个感官的心理感受。

11）alliteration（头韵）：在文句中有两个以上连结在一起的词或词组，其开头的音节有同样的字母或声音，以增强语言的节奏感。

assonance（腹韵）：相同或相近的元音在诗行中重复出现；consonance（假韵）：两个以上词的词尾辅音完全一致，但其前面的元音不相同；the end rhyme(尾韵)：诗行与诗行之间在末尾的压韵/ 尾韵/脚韵12）anadiplosis（联珠）：将一个或一组单词重复多遍；anticlimax（突降法）：也叫先扬后抑。

高级英语第二册修辞高英下册部分中的修辞手法的运用未注明的句子修辞均 metaphor⋯no one has any idea where it will go a s it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows.The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks, or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side ⋯They are like the musketeers of Dumas⋯(simile)⋯did not delve into each other..⋯suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place,⋯The glow of the conversation burst into flames. The conversation was on wings.,we should think ourselves back into theshoes of the Saxon peasants.I have an unending love affair with dictionaries.The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and floated to the ends of the earth. (simile)Otherwise one will bind the conversation, one will not let it flow freely here and there.We would never have gone to Australia, or leaped back in time to the Norman Conquest.Symbolizing an end as well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change(parallelism and repetition)..to assist free men and free government ⋯（repetition ）.friend and foe (alliteration)Pay any price, bear any burden.. (alliteration)Survival and success of liberty. (alliteration)United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. Divided there is little we can do for we dare not a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder.(antithesis)If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who arerich(antithesis)Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us. (antithesis)Let us never negotiate out of fear but let us never fear to negotiate.(chiasmus)Ask not what your country can do for you but ask what you can do for your country. (chiasmus)..in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers.And let every other power know that this hemisphere intend to remain the master of its own house...to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak.And if a beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungle of suspicionThe energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world.There follows an informal essay that ventures even beyond Lamb’s frontier.Could Ruskin do more?(rhetorical question) Cool was I and logical (Inversion/irony)My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist’s scales, as penetrating as a scalpel (simile, hyperbole, and parallelism, irony)My brain , ⋯ slipped into high gearIt is, after all, to make a beautiful dumb girl smart than to make an ugly smart girl beautiful.(antithesis),..desire waxing,resolution waning.(antithesis)If there is an irresistible force, there can beno immovable object.根源于网络It is not often that one so young has such a giant intellect (hyperbole)He just stood and stared at with a mad lustat the coat. (hyperbole)You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars and the constellations of outer space. (hyperbole)..the raccoon coat huddled like a hairy beastat his feet. (simile)..logic, far from being a dry, pedantic discipline, is a living, breathing thing, full of beauty, passion, and trauma.There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear.(synecdoche)He has hamstrung his opponent before he could even start.I was not Pygmalion; I wasFrankenstein.(Antonomasia)⋯prevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincial morality.The war acted as merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure.After the war, it was only natural that hopeful young writers, their minds and pens inflamed against war, Babbittry (metonymy, antonomasia).. to add their own little matchsticks to the conflagration of “flaming youth ”,⋯now began to imitate the manners imitate the manners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion.When it did, I like many a writer before me upon the discovery that his props have all been knocked out from under him⋯ a writer, when he has made his first breakthrough, has simply won a crucial skirmish in a dangerous, unending and unpredictable battle.It is not until he is released from the habit of flexing his muscles and proving that he is justa “regular guy ”that he realizes how crippling this habit has beenAn American writer fights his way to one of the lowest rungs on the American social ladder by means of pure ⋯.. and it is not easy for him to step out ofthat lukewarm bathIt is as though he suddenly came out of a dark tunnel and found himself beneath the open sky(simile)He needs sustenance for his journey根源于网络。

Lesson 1 Pub Talk and the King's English1.The conversation had swung from Australian convicts of the 19th century to theEnglish peasants of the 12th century。

Who was right，who was wrong，did not matter. The conversation was on wings.-metaphor2.As we listen today to the arguments about bilingual education, we ought to thinkourselves back into the shoes of the Saxon peasant. —metaphor3.I have an unending love affair with dictionaries-Auden once said that all a writerneeds is a pen，plenty of paper and "the best dictionaries he can afford”—-but I agree with the person who said that dictionaries are instruments of common sense。

-metaphor4.Even with the most educated and the most literate，the King's English slips andslides in conversation.—alliteration5.Other people may celebrate the lofty conversations in which the great minds aresupposed to have indulged in the great salons of 18th century Paris，but one suspects that the great minds were gossiping and judging the quality of the food and the wine。