.英语的五种基本句型结构
主谓结构He runs quickly.她跑得快。
主系表结构The story sou nds in terest ing.这个故事听起来有趣。
主谓宾结构They built a house last year.她们去年建了一所房子。
④S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构He offered me his seat/ his seat to me.她把座位让给
⑤S十V十O 十C 主谓宾宾补结构
They found her happy that day.她们发现那天她很高兴。
I found him out.我发现她出去了。
They named the boy Charlie.她们给这个男孩起名为查理。
I saw him come in and go out. 我见她进来又出去。
They felt the car moving fast.她们感到汽车行驶得很快。
He fou nd the door of study closed to him. 她发现研究所的大门对她关闭了。
说明：
S =主语;V =谓语；P=表语;0 =宾语;01 =间接宾语;02 =直接宾语;C =宾语补足语
二.宾语补足语：
1、定义:The object complement gives more information about the object 、顾名思义,宾补就是补充说明宾语，使句子意义完整的句子成分。
2、使用场合:Verb + object + object complement
3、可以充当宾语补足语的词与词组有：
(1)、名词：
We made him our monitor、
They thought this good advice、
They n amed their daughter Jenny、
注:充当宾语补足语的名词若表示正式的或独一无二的头衔、职位时，前面一般不用冠词。
They elected John chairman of the committee、
⑵、形容词：
You should keep your room clean and tidy、
we d better leave the d o r open、
We found the ruins most interesting、
(3)、介词短语
He left his bag in the office、
We found ourselves in the middle of a desert、
⑷、副词
He opened the window to let the fresh air in、
I saw him out with his father the day before yesterday、
(5)、现在分词：
I ' m sorry to have yowaiting for so long、
I could feel the cold wind blowing on my face 、
At this moment she noticed the teacher coming in、
(6)、过去分词：
When he wake up, he found himself tied to a tree、
He raised his voice to make himself heard、
I had my watch repaired yesterday、
⑺、不定式或省略to的不定式
My mother allowed me to play games for a while、
Can you make your car park over there?
注:(1)、使用不定式作宾语补足语时，五瞧(see, watch, notice, observe, look at)三使(make, let, have)两听(listen to, hear) 一感觉(feel)后接省略to的不定式
(2)、help 一词后的不定式可带to,也可以不带to。
4、在复合宾语中，宾语通常为名词或代词，但有时也可以用不定式(短语卜动名词(短语)或that 从句来充当。一般情况下，宾补通常紧跟在宾语之后。值得注意的就是：think, find, consider, feel, make, take 等动词应使用先行it代替宾语,it后面应接宾补，而将真正的宾语移到句子的后部
I felt it necessary to speak about our shortcomings、
I think it very important to attend this meeting 、
We all thought it a pity that you couldn ' t join us
注意:在这种结构中，宾语补足语通常为名词或形容词；常用于这种结构的动词有：feel, find, think, make, take, judge, consider 等。
【小结】
1、宾语补足语就是补充宾语的成分，通常置于宾语之后。宾语+宾语补足语=> 复合宾语。
2、可以用作宾补的有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词与过去分
!词。
3、能带宾补的动词一定就是及物动词。
4、主动语态句子中的宾语在被动语态句子中就是主语，相应的宾补就成为主补。
常跟宾语补足语的动词:
第一类，感官动词，所接的宾补可以就是不带to的动词不定式，也可以就是现在分词或过去
分词。
feel, hear, listen to, notice, observe, see, watch, look at
I saw him cross/crossing the road、=> He was seen ___________________________ /_____________ t he road、
但句子变为被动语态时，不定式的to要还原。
第二类，使役动词,所接的宾补多为动词不定式或过去分词。如:let, have, get, make, would like, want 等。
This makes people know the imp ort ance of protecting the environment 、
If you are back, will you please make yourself known to me?
The machine doesn ' t work must have it repaired right now、
第三类，含命名意义的动词，所接的宾补一般就是名词。如：call, name,即point, elect, make, con
