罗立胜-学术综合英语Unit5
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第五单元哲学Text A机器人有没有头脑?奎迈·安东尼·阿皮亚电脑在当今很多电影中都担当主演,它们有的能用合成的声音说话,有的则在屏幕上显示一连串文字;有的能够操作太空飞船;有的作为机器人的“首脑”,控制着它们自己的“身体”。
人与它们对话,它们不仅能够理解,还能够与人类互相问候,交换信息。
当然,以上这些到目前为止都还只属于科幻小说的情节。
但是,现实中的电脑协助律师办理案件,医生诊断病情,还能帮助工程师检测原子反应堆的状态。
无论是想象中的还是现实的电脑都足以让我们的祖父母惊奇不已,他们之前也许认为那些只能通过魔术实现。
然而,我们大多数人对此都已经习以为常,认为这在硅时代都是理所当然的事情。
当然,怀疑是仍旧存在的。
我们人类总自认为自己是很特殊的存在,并假设物质世界与精神世界存在某些对立。
如果电脑真的是一个“物质思维”,那么人类不仅必须重新认识这种特殊性,而且还会用自己创造的东西将它摧毁。
我们应当小心避免这样的想法,直到真正地对这个问题进行深入思考。
不管我们外表表现地多么自然,对于电脑会思考,能做事表现得理所当然,但是我们终归不该这样假设。
在哲学中我们常会发现,那些通常被人们认为是理所当然的事情——那些“常识”——往往会阻碍我们对事情的正确理解。
因此,让我们来看一下我在第一段关于电脑的描述是否准确。
我说过它们能够说话。
但是它们真的能像人类一样表达自己吗?甚至说它们能够做一些类似于讲话的事情都有些牵强。
因为磁带录音机也可以做到,但是它们并不能说话。
当人类说话时,他们用所说的话的内容来表达自己的意思。
为了表达意思,则需要具备理解句子的能力。
当然,我之前也提到电脑能够理解人类对它们说的话。
但它们是真的理解了吗?它们是将我们讲话的声音被转换成了电脉冲,又通过电脑的电路,利用音响合成器发出声音。
人类非常聪明,能够设计出完成这件事情的机器,但是我们有什么证据证明机器是真正理解了呢?一台机器可以具备理解能力吗?关于这个问题,有两个显而易见的答案。
学术综合英语罗立胜听力原文Title: The Importance of Academic English in Higher EducationAs a university professor of English, I cannot stress enough the significance of academic English in higher education. Academic English refers to the specific style, tone, and vocabulary used in academic settings such as research papers, scholarly journals, and conference presentations. It is a form of communication that allows scholars to share their ideas and research with their peers in a clear, concise and coherent manner.Academic English is a critical skill that students need to develop to excel in their academic pursuits. It is essential for students to learn to write and speak in academic English as it enables them to communicate effectively and participate fully in their courses. They also need to be able to read academic texts and understand complex ideas.Without a good command of academic English, students may struggle to write research papers, read and understand their course materials, and participate fully in class discussions. They may also find it challenging to communicate effectively with their professorsand peers.In today's globalized world, academic English is becoming more critical as scholars strive to share their research with audiences from different countries and backgrounds. A lack of proficiency in academic English can limit opportunities for students and researchers to engage in international conferences, publish in international journals, and collaborate with scholars from different parts of the world.In conclusion, the importance of academic English in higher education cannot be overstated. It is an essential skill for students and scholars to communicate effectively, participate fully in academic life, and succeed in their academic pursuits. Students should be encouraged to develop their academic English skills from an early stage, and universities should provide adequate resources and support to help students improve their proficiency in academic English.。
UNIT 5 Healthy LivingTeaching ObjectivesAfter learning Unit 5, Ss are expected to accomplish the following objectives:Teaching Activities and ResourcesPart 1 ReadingText ALead-inSuggested teaching plan1.Start the class by brainstorming how health has been and should be defined. AskSs about their ideas and share beliefs and experience in this respect.2.Lead Ss to do Task / Lead-in.Key to the task1) Balancing calories:•Enjoy food, but eat less•Avoid oversized portions2) Increasing consumption of certain foods:•Whole grain•Fat-free or low-fat (1%) milk•Fruits and vegetables3) Reducing consumption of certain foods:•Low-sodium foods•Sugary drinks3.Introduce the topic of Text A as a natural continuum of Lead-in.Text ComprehensionSuggested teaching plan1.Chronic diseases have constituted a primary threat to health and well-being of theglobal population, and the chronic diseases have much to do with lifestyles. With that in mind, T may start the class by eliciting Ss’ perception of health, chronic diseases and healthy lifestyles.2.Analyze the text and lead Ss to discuss, integrating Task 2 / Critical reading andthinking / Text A into analysis and discussion. The presentation topics should be assigned to individual Ss for preparation at least one week in advance. Ask other Ss to preview the text with the guidance of the presentation topics.3.Integrate Task 2 / Language building-up / Text A when an expression of causeor effect is covered.4.When analyzing the text, ask Ss to pay special attention to the sentences listed inLanguage focus below.5.If time allows, ask Ss to do Task 1 / Critical reading and thinking / Text A inabout five minutes. Check out the task by asking one or two Ss to read their answers. This is done to get an overview about the text.Language focus1.The rise in chronic disease incidence and prevalence is paralleled by anunrelenting rise … (P110, Para. 2)parallel作为及物动词表示“使……与……平行”,此处用在被动语态中,可译为:慢性病发病率和患病率的上升与不健康生活表型的持续上升相伴相生。
Unit5Suicide on Campus在校园内自杀Anchor: Good morning, everybody. I’m expecting all of you to gather here for the half-hour Early Show. Today, parents and students alike are constantly reminded of the problems like drug and alcohol abuse, and unsafe sex on college campuses. But relatively few are warned about suicide. And suicide is second only to accidents as a leading cause of death among college students.主持人:早上好,大家。
我希望你们都能为了半小时的早期节目集合在这里。
今天,家长和学生都在不断地提醒大学校园里像药物和酒精滥用和不安全的性行为的问题。
但相对较少的人警告说,自杀。
自杀是仅次于大学生意外死亡的主要原因。
Our Early Show correspondent Tracy Smith reports on this very real danger that often goes undiscussed. Hello, Tracy. 我们早期的节目记者特雷西史密斯报道这个经常讨论的非常现实的危险。
你好,特雷西。
Tracy Smith: Hi, Teresa. I know that today’s topic -campus suicides -is obviously weightier than the others we have talked about before. But we cannot give up eating for fear of choking. It is high time we looked at the issue face to face. A study by the American College Health Association showed that 15 percent of students meet the criteria for clinical depression. Although it’s a topic cloaked in stigma and shame, more colleges and universities are choosing to confront it, rather than wait until it’s too late. They have begun to look seriously into the reasons and seek solutions to the problem and actively intervene. Now let’s watch a short film and get some hint of a young college guy’s tragedy.特雷西:嗨,特蕾莎。